JPH01145431A - Wet clutch device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve lubrication for both clutch plates particularly in the center part and an oil seal by providing a drive side clutch plate, driven side clutch plate, armature and an electromagnetic means further forming an oil passage in at least the armature reaching from its peripheral part to internal peripheral part. CONSTITUTION:Oil in an oil chamber 21 is positioned in only its peripheral part by centrifugal force, caused by rotation of a pulley 15, cover 20 and a drive side clutch plate 23, and viscosity. This oil is introduced to the internal peripheral part of an armature 26 through an oil groove 40, passing through the periphery of a spline 24, and to a clearance (arrow head C) between the clutch plate 23 and a driven side clutch plate 25. While the oil passes over the external surface of a hob 13 reaching a center part, and by centrifugal force of rotation of the armature 26 by electrifying a coil 30 connecting a clutch, the oil is respectively introduced (arrow head D) to the periphery of the spline 24 through an oil introducing port 43 while to an oil seal 16 similarly through an oil introducing hole 44.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a wet-type multi-disc clutch device, and more particularly to a wet-type multi-disc clutch device suitable for application to a type of device in which a driving shaft is driven via a pulley.

"Prior art and its problems" Clutch devices are broadly classified into dry type and wet type. Although the dry type has the advantage of being compact, it has problems such as poor durability of the clutch am section, loud connection noise and shock, and the tendency for foreign matter to get between the clutch plates. In contrast to the stiffness, wet type clutch plates are encapsulated in oil, which eliminates the disadvantages of dry type to some extent. That is, the durability of the clutch friction part is high, the connection noise is low, and the connection is smooth. However, due to its structure, it is difficult to meet the demands for miniaturization.
In particular, the axial dimension becomes large. Furthermore, under severe usage conditions, it is difficult to cool the oil and coil, and a special cooling device is required.

Against this background, the present applicant has developed a wet clutch device that can meet the demand for miniaturization while retaining the advantages of wet clutches, and has filed a patent application (Patent Application No. 1, 1983).
No. 63177). This wet clutch device was completed based on the idea of using the pulley that is generally used as the drive shaft as it is as the oil chamber housing of the wet clutch. A pulley is provided so as to be able to rotate freely relative to the pulley, and this pulley, the hob side member, and a cover integrated with the pulley form an oil chamber.The pulley is positioned within this oil chamber, and the pulley or cover is moved in the axial direction. An electromagnetic device is provided that allows the driving-side clutch plate to be supported movably and the driven-side clutch plate that is axially movably supported to the driven shaft side member to be able to be brought into and out of contact with the driving-side clutch plate and the driven-side clutch plate to be attached to the driving-side and driven-side clutch plates. It is characterized by providing means.

This wet clutch device is compact because the oil chamber is formed inside the rotating pulley and cover, and because the oil constantly rotates, there is little oil deterioration, and because the electromagnetic means can be placed outside the oil chamber, it has good heat dissipation. It has excellent characteristics such as good performance.

However, in this wet type clutch device, it has become clear that the amount of oil sealed in the oil chamber has an important effect on the contradictory requirements of lubrication and connection of the clutch plates on the driving side and driven side. That is, if the amount of sealed oil is sufficient, the clutch plates and oil seals will be sufficiently lubricated, but harmful slippage will occur between the clutch plates, resulting in poor connection. On the other hand, if there is less, the connection will be made reliably, but the lubrication will be poor and seizure will occur. Since the most important thing for a clutch device is to ensure a reliable connection with metal, it may be possible to fill in a small amount of oil to the extent that seizure does not occur. Therefore, the sealed oil is located at the periphery of the oil chamber due to centrifugal force, resulting in insufficient lubrication, especially at the center of the clutch plate and the oil seal.

``Object of the Invention'' Therefore, the present invention provides good lubrication, especially in the center portions and oil seals of the clutch plates on the driving side and the driven side, in the wet clutch device proposed by the applicant in Japanese Patent Application No. 163177/1982. The purpose is to obtain a device that can.

``Summary of the Invention'' The present invention provides an armature that is movably supported in the axial direction by a hob and is sucked toward the clutch plate side by electromagnetic means, or a hob. This was done based on the idea of using .

That is, in the present invention, a pulley is provided on the outer periphery of a hob that is integrated with the driven shaft so as to be rotatable relative to the hob, and the oil chamber is controlled by this pulley, the hob side member, and the cover integrated with the pulley. A driving side clutch plate is formed and positioned in the oil chamber and supported axially movably on a pulley or cover, a driven side clutch plate is supported axially movably on a hob side member, and this driving side, driven An electromagnetic armature is provided which is positioned closer to the cover than the side clutch plate and is supported movably in the axial direction on the hob side member, and which attracts the armature of the bracket and applies a contact force to the drive side and driven side clutch plates. The invention is characterized in that a means is provided, and an oil passage is formed in at least the armature of the armature and the hob, extending from the outer circumferential portion to the inner circumferential portion thereof.

"Embodiments of the Invention" The present invention will be described below with reference to illustrated embodiments. FIG. 1 shows an embodiment in which the wet clutch device of the present invention is applied to a clutch device for a car cooler compressor. Housing 11
A driven shaft 12 connected to the compressor is rotatably supported, and a hob 13 is integrally connected to an end of the driven shaft 12.

On the other hand, a driven shaft 1 is connected to the housing 11 via a bearing 14.
A pulley 15 located on the outer periphery of 2 is rotatably supported. An oil seal 16 is provided between the pulley 15 and the hob 13.

A cover 20 is fixed to the pulley 15 via a fixing screw 18, and an oil chamber 21 is formed by the cover 20, the pulley 15, and the hob 13.

Therefore, the pulley 15 and the cover 20 constitute a driving side member, and the driven shaft 12 and the hob 13 constitute a driven side member. A clutch plate located within the oil chamber 21 is supported by the driving side and driven side members.

That is, a plurality of axial protrusions 22 are formed on the inner periphery of the end on the cover 20 side of the pulley 15, as shown in FIG. The groove 23b is fitted in a spline shape and supported so as to be movable in the axial direction. This driving side clutch plate 23 rotates together with the pulley 15 in the rotational direction. On the other hand, the hob 13 has a sixth
As shown in the figure, a spline (a plurality of axial protrusions) 24 is formed, and a spline groove 25b of an annular driven clutch plate 25 is supported by the spline 24 so as to be movable in the axial direction. This driven side clutch plate 25 rotates together with the hob 13 in the rotational direction.

The driving side clutch plates 23 and the driven side clutch plates 25 are stacked alternately, and an armature 26 having a spline hole 26a fitted in the spline 24 is attached to the outer end thereof.
is supported so as to be movable in the axial direction. 27 is a ring that prevents the amateur 26 from being removed.

The pulley 15 is provided with an annular groove 28 that is open on the housing 11 side and coincides with the circumferential positions of the driving side clutch plate 23, the driven side clutch plate 25, and the armature 26.
is formed in the annular groove 28, and the housing 1
A coil 30 fixed to 1 via a bracket 29 is located. A magnetic path forming hole 31 is bored in the pulley 15 so that the magnetic flux from the coil 30 reaches the armature 26 via the driving side clutch plate 23 and the driven side clutch plate 25. The magnetic path forming hole 31 is closed with a sealing material 32 made of a non-magnetic material, thereby ensuring the sealing performance of the oil chamber 21. The latch plates 23 and 25 also have a magnetic path forming hole 23a whose circumferential position matches the magnetic path forming hole 31,
25a is pierced.

The above basic structure was created by Honde Kojin in patent application No. 62-163177.
This is a wet type clutch device proposed in the above issue, and the cover 20 is removed and an appropriate amount of oil is put into the oil chamber 21, and then the cover 20 is closed and used. First, when the pulley 15 is rotationally driven by the engine while the coil 30 is not energized, the cover 20 and the driving side clutch plate 23 rotate together with the pulley 15 . Since the coil 30 is not energized, the armature 26 is not attracted, and therefore the driving side clutch plate 23 and the driven side clutch plate 25 slip, causing the hob 13 (
No rotation is transmitted to the driven shaft 12).

On the other hand, when the coil 30 is energized, the pulley 15, the coil 30, the driving side clutch plate 23, and the driven side clutch plate 2
5, and in the amateur 26, a schematic closure, Ii
! A magnetic flux indicated by A is generated, and the armature 26 is attracted to the pulley 15 side. Due to this suction force, the driving side clutch plate 2
3 and the driven side clutch plate 25 are in strong contact and rotate together, and the hob 13 and the driven shaft 12 rotate together with the driven side clutch plate 25. Therefore, the passive Il! The compressor connected to th12 is driven.

However, in this clutch device, the amount of oil sealed in the oil chamber 21 is limited in order to eliminate slippage between the driving side clutch plate 23 and the driven side clutch plate 25 and ensure a secure connection. In particular, the inner peripheral part of the clutch plate 23, 25, the spline groove 2 of the clutch plate 25
5b and the sliding parts of the spline 24, as well as the oil seal, were found to be insufficiently lubricated. This problem of insufficient lubrication does not become a problem when the driving side clutch plate 23 and the driven side clutch plate 25 are connected and rotating together, and the pulley 20
3 only matters in the rotating state and at the moment the connection is initiated.

In order to solve this problem, the present invention provides an oil chamber 21 for at least the armature 26 and the hob 13.
An oil passage was formed to guide oil from the outer circumference to the inner circumference. That is, FIGS. 1 to 3 show the first embodiment, and the amateur 26 has the cover 2.
An oil groove 40 is formed on the 0 side. This oil groove 40 is continuous from the outer circumferential part to the inner circumferential part of the armature 26, and in the disconnected state i (the stopped state of the armature 26) where the pulley 15 rotates and the coil 30 is not energized,
It acts to guide the oil entering the outer end to the outer periphery of the hob 13. This oil groove 40 is inclined toward the upstream side in the oil rotation direction (rotation direction of the pulley 20) B, as shown in FIG. 2, so that oil can easily enter the outer end thereof, or As shown in FIG. 3, a guide notch 41 can be provided at its outer end.

The hob 13 has an introduction oil hole 43 that penetrates in the radial direction of the hob 13.
．． 44 is worn. This oil introduction hole 43.44
This guides the oil that passes through the oil groove 40 and reaches the center of the hob 13 to the spline 24 or the oil seal 16.

By forming the oil groove 40, the guide notch 41, or the oil introduction hole 43.44 in this manner, the oil located at the periphery of the rotating oil chamber 21 can be reliably guided to the center when the coil 30 is not energized. Can be done. That is, the oil sealed in the oil chamber 21 is
5. Due to the centrifugal force and viscosity caused by the rotation of the cover 20 and the driving side clutch plate 23, the oil is located only on the outer periphery of the oil chamber 21. At this time, the armature 26 stops or rotates slightly as the oil rotates, but the oil located on the outer periphery is absorbed by the oil groove 40 (and the guide notch 40).
1) to the inner circumference of the armature 26, and then to the gap between the clutch plates 23 and 25 through the outer circumference of the spline 24 (arrow C in FIG. 1). Furthermore, the oil that has passed over the outer surface of the hob 13 and reached its center is moved to the oil introduction hole 4 by the centrifugal force of the rotation of the armature 26 due to the clutch connection.
3 to the outer periphery of the spline 24, and similarly to the oil seal 16 via the oil introduction hole 44 (arrow D). Therefore, oil is drawn in when the clutch plates 23 and 25 rotate relative to each other in the disconnected state, and when the clutch plates 23 and 25 rotate in the connected state, the oil is drawn in.
5, the spline groove 25b of the clutch plate 25, and the spline 24 can be sufficiently lubricated, and the oil seal 16 can also be lubricated. clutch plate 2
The oil that has entered the inner periphery between 3 and 25 immediately moves outward due to the centrifugal force of the drive-side clutch plate 23, and in the process lubricates the entire surfaces of the clutch plates 23 and 25.

The oil passage to be formed in the armature 26 can be formed as an oil groove 45 on the side of the clutch plate 23, 25, as shown in FIG. 4A, or as an oil groove 45 in the axial direction as shown in FIG. 4B. It can also be designed as a penetrating oil slit 46. Of course, these oil grooves 45 and oil slits 46 can also be provided with an inclination as shown in FIG. 2 or a guide notch 41 as shown in FIG. 3. Furthermore, although the oil passage is formed as grooves 40 and 45 in Figs. 1, 2, and 4A, it is also possible to form the oil passage as a fin type in which only the portions corresponding to the grooves protrude. It is. In this case, the space between the fins becomes an oil passage. In short, it is only necessary to form oil passages of a shape and number that can supply the amount of oil necessary for lubrication, especially to the inner peripheral portions of the clutch plates 23 and 25, depending on the amount of sealed oil.

Note that the oil introduction holes 43 and 44 of the hob 13 are effective in guiding the oil more reliably to the inner periphery of the clutch plates 23 and 25 and the oil seal 16, but even without these, the oil in the armature 26 would be Groove 40.45,
The guide notch 41 and the oil slit 46 make it possible to lubricate the inner circumferential portions of the clutch plates 23 and 25, which can therefore be omitted.

In the above embodiments, the pulley 15 is described as the driving side and the driven shaft 12 is used as the driven side, and this usage is common in practice. is available. In the main text and claims, a driving side and a driven side have been distinguished for convenience in order to clarify the structure, but this does not mean that the present invention does not include such a method of use.

"Effects of the Invention" As described above, the present invention utilizes a pulley and a cover fixed to the pulley as a part of the oil chamber housing of a wet clutch, and disposes the driving side and driven side clutch plates inside the pulley. In a wet clutch device using a wet clutch, it is possible to reliably solve the problem of insufficient slippage of the inner circumferential portion due to rotation of the oil chamber and movement of oil to the circumferential edge by centrifugal force.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing an embodiment of the wet clutch device of the present invention, with the upper half cut away, and FIGS. 2 and 3 show different embodiments along the line ■-■ in FIG. Cross-sectional view, No. 4A
Figures 4' and 4'B are sectional views showing other examples of oil passages formed in armatures, and Figures 5 and 6 are sectional views taken along lines VV and VI-VI in Figure 1, respectively. It is. 11--Housing, 12--Driven shaft, 13--Hob, 14--Bearing, 15--Pulley, 16--Oil seal, 18--Fixing screw, 20--Cover, 2
1... Oil chamber, 22-... Axial projection, 23-...
Drive side clutch plate, 24-...spline, 25-...
Driven side clutch plate, 26-...Amateur, 28-...
Annular groove, 29... Bracket, 30 - Coil, 31
--Magnetic path forming hole, 32--Sealing material, 40.45--
- Oil groove (oil passage), 41... Guide notch (guide portion), 43. 44 - Oil introduction hole, 46 - Oil slit (oil passage).

Claims (6)

[Claims] (1) A pulley is provided on the outer periphery of the hob that is integrated with the driven shaft so that it can rotate freely relative to the hob, and this pulley, the hob side member, and the cover integrated with the pulley form an oil chamber. , a driving side clutch plate located in this oil chamber and supported so as to be movable in the axial direction on a pulley or a cover, a driven side clutch plate supported so as to be movable in the axial direction on the hob side member, and a clutch plate on the driving side and the driven side. An armature positioned closer to the cover than the clutch plate and supported movably in the axial direction on the hob side member is provided, and electromagnetic means is provided to attract the armature and apply a contact force to the driving side and driven side clutch plates. established,
A wet clutch device further characterized in that an oil passage is formed in at least the armature of the armature and the hob, extending from the outer periphery to the inner periphery thereof. (2) The wet clutch device according to claim 1, wherein the oil passage of the armature is formed on the cover side surface. (3) The wet clutch device according to claim 1, wherein the oil passage of the armature is formed on the clutch plate side surfaces of the driving side and the driven side. (4) The wet clutch device according to claim 1, wherein the oil passage of the armature is formed as a slit passing through the armature in the axial direction. (5) In any one of claims 1 to 4, a guide portion is formed at the outer end of the oil passage of the armature to efficiently guide the rotating oil into the oil passage. Wet clutch device. (6) The wet clutch device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the hob is further provided with an oil introduction hole that penetrates in the radial direction of the hob.