JPH01139833A - Fiber materials excellent in flexibility - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To obtain the subject material having excellent flexibility, anti- electrostatic property, anti-pilling property and drapability and suitable to clothing and industrial materials by blending natural fibers, synthetic fibers and polytetrafluoroethylene-based (PTFE-based) fibers or yarns at a constant ratio. CONSTITUTION: This material is composed of natural fibers and/or synthetic fibers (preferably having >=12 g/d fiber strength) and <=30 wt.% of PTFE-based fibers or yarns. Preferably, the PTFE-based fiber has >=1.5 g/d strength, <=20% elongation and <=15% dry heat shrinkage (at 230 deg.C for 30 m). The most preferably, the fiber gives <=40 cPs small-angle X-ray scattering intensity in a small- angle X-ray scattering method at 2θ=1 deg. and >=100 Å crystal size of (110) plane in a wide-angle X-ray diffraction method.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a fiber material that is not only flexible but also has excellent electrostatic properties, anti-pilling properties, and drapability.

[Conventional technology] Conventional fiber materials have been made with fine fineness to give them flexibility, or have been treated to reduce the fineness, which is a technology that sacrifices fiber properties. .

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] Accordingly, such conventional techniques have the disadvantage that they cannot fully utilize the characteristics of the fiber materials used, or that they are only capable of achieving what is currently available.

In view of the current situation, the present invention was developed by investigating the fact that flexibility can be dramatically improved by mixing fibers made of a specific resin called polytetrafluoroethylene resin.

The present invention exhibits excellent effects not only on flexibility but also on antistatic properties, anti-pilling properties, and drapability, and also achieves the characteristic of fully exhibiting the properties of the applied fiber.

[Means for Solving the Problems] That is, the present invention has the following configuration in order to achieve the above characteristics.

(1) A highly flexible textile material characterized by mixing natural fibers and/or synthetic fibers with less than 30% by weight of polytetrafluoroethylene fibers or threads.

(2) The synthetic fiber has a fiber strength of at least 12 g/
The highly flexible fiber material according to claim (1), which is a high-strength fiber having the following properties.

(2) A fibrous material with excellent flexibility according to claim (1), wherein the fibrous material is a material for clothing.

(3) A fibrous material with excellent flexibility according to claim (1), wherein the fibrous material is an industrial material.

(4) A fibrous material with excellent flexibility according to claim (1), wherein the sheet-like material is a nonwoven fabric.

In the present invention, polytetrafluoroethylene (hereinafter referred to as PT)
FE system) means a homopolymer of tetrafluoroethylene or a copolymer in which 90 mol% or more, preferably 95 mol% or more of the total amount is tetrafluoroethylene. Monomers that can be copolymerized with such tetrafluoroethylene include fluorinated vinyl compounds such as trifluoroethylene, trifluorochloroethylene, tetrafluoropropylene, and hexafluoropropylene, as well as propylene, ethylene, isobutylene, styrene, acrylonitrile, and the like. Examples include vinyl compounds, but there is no need to limit it to these.

Among these seven polymers, vinyl fluoride compounds, especially compounds with a high fluorine content, are preferred from the viewpoint of fiber properties.

In the present invention, the PTFE fibers may be fibers produced by either melt spinning or wet spinning.

The smaller the average fineness, the better, but usually 106
less than or equal to 3.5d, more preferably less than or equal to 2.5d
The fibers have a diameter of d or less, and the thinner the fibers, the higher the effect of the present invention, and particularly preferably 2.0d or less, more preferably 1.0d or less.

Such PTFE fibers are applied in the form of filaments or short fibers, but when used in the form of short fibers, those with a fiber length of at least 3 cm, preferably 5 cm or more are selected from the viewpoint of entanglement.

Among the PTFE fibers of the present invention, preferred fibers have a value of aocps or less, preferably 50C1), when small-angle X-ray scattering intensity at 2θ = 1° is measured by small-angle X-ray scattering method.
S or less, particularly preferably 40C1) S or less, and it is small and can be measured by wide-angle X-ray diffraction method (counter method) (110)
It has a surface crystal size of 95 Å or more, preferably a thickness of 100 Å or more, and is characterized by excellent strength and dimensional stability.

Such PTFE fibers have a strength of 1.0 Md or more, preferably 1.5 Md or more, and an elongation of 30% or less, preferably 20%.
Below, dry heat shrinkage rate (230'CX30') 20% or less,
Preferably, those having a balance property of 15% or less are preferred.

Note that the small-angle X-ray scattering intensity is measured by a small-angle X-ray scattering method (small-angle X-ray diffraction method).

Further, the crystal size of the (110) plane is measured by wide-angle X-ray diffraction method (counter method).

The yarns of the present invention include blended yarns, mixed fiber yarns, intertwisted yarns, etc.Furthermore, the core portion is composed of untwisted yarn or twisted yarn, whereas the sheath portion is formed by winding the core portion in a spiral shape or entangling the core portion with air. or covered with a textile fabric.

Examples of the fiber materials of the present invention include filamentous materials, rope-like materials, webs, nonwoven fabrics, knitted fabrics, paper-like materials, and the like.

In particular, in the case of webs and non-woven fabrics, needle punching is easy, which improves entanglement. Therefore, 1q of dense sheets are obtained. What's more, even in the sewing process, the needle passes through easily, and it has excellent electrical conductivity, making it unique in that it has even better sewing performance.

As a method for producing such PTFE fibers, for example, a mixed solution of viscose and PTFE dispersion is used as a spinning stock solution, which is discharged into a coagulation bath, coagulated, and then washed and refined with water. After scouring, it is dipped in alkaline water and squeezed, then dried or directly sent to the firing process, and is heated to 300 to 45
It is fired at 0°C and stretched at least 5 to 10 times. Next, this fired fiber is produced by oxidative aging in a high temperature atmosphere of 300 to 340'C, or PTFE
There are two methods in which a copolymer is melted at a temperature higher than the melting point of the copolymer and then melt-spun. According to the above-mentioned wet spinning method, ultrafine PTFE fibers with a diameter of 3.5 or less can be obtained. In the present invention, this ultrafine PTFE fiber is particularly preferable because it has excellent filament forming properties, and has the characteristic that the desired properties can be easily obtained.

In the present invention, natural fibers include natural fibers such as cotton, hemp, silk, and wool; synthetic fibers include common thermoplastic synthetic fibers such as polyester, polyamide, polyacrylic, and polyolefin; High-strength thermoplastic synthetic fibers such as stretched and aromatic polyamide fibers, rough polyamide-imide, polyimide,
Thermosetting synthetic fibers such as polysulfone and polysulfide can be used.

The thermoplastic synthetic fibers drawn at a high ratio are fibers obtained by drawing polyacrylic, polyethylene, or polyvinyl alcohol fibers by at least 8 times or more to 1q. For example, a stretching ratio of 15 to 20 times or more is applied for polyacrylic materials, 8 to 12 times or more for polyethylene materials, and 20 to 25 times or more for polyvinyl alcohol materials.

Such high-strength fibers and thermosetting synthetic fibers have excellent properties such as a tensile strength of at least 12 (J/d), generally 15 g/d or more, and an initial elastic modulus of at least 20
It has properties of 0 Md and roughly 300 g/d or more. By reinforcing with such high-strength fibers, the degree of freedom in design is expanded.

These fibers can be mixed and used in various combinations, but in the case of clothing materials, it is not necessary to be very strong, and the usual 1 to 10M
Any fiber having a strength of about d can be applied without any problem.

Although such low-strength fibers can be used as industrial materials,
High tenacity fibers are preferably selected because the field of application is expanded when the fibers have high tenacity.

The present invention mixes and disperses PTFE fibers in an amount of less than 30% by weight, preferably 10 to 25% by weight, with respect to each type of fiber, thereby dramatically improving flexibility. It is something that

PTFE fibers are known to be heavy fibers, and if used in a mixed matrix, they are unsuitable for clothing, and they are not very strong against external forces, so they are not suitable for industrial materials, as they are heavy and not very strong. Problems arise, and on top of that, it has the disadvantage of being an expensive fiber.

However, the present invention overcomes these drawbacks by applying ultrafine PTFE fibers. In other words, by successfully producing ultrafine fibers of 3.5 d or less, even 2.0 d or less, which was unthinkable from conventional concepts, it has become possible to handle these fibers as if they were ordinary fabrics. Since the PTFE fiber has a fineness equal to or less than that of a single fiber, ordinary fiber processing techniques such as blending, knitting and weaving can be freely applied without any problems.

Next, the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to Examples.

[Example] Example 1 PTFE resin dispersed in ion-exchanged water using alkylaryl polyether alcohol as a dispersant
% dispersion and viscose (8.9% cellulose and 5.4% caustic soda, 29% carbon disulfide/cellulose amount, remaining ion-exchanged water >100 parts) in a vacuum mixer at 8 °C. Load and vacuum level 10 TO
The mixture was mixed and defoamed at rr for 21 hours to prepare a spinning stock solution.

This spinning stock solution was introduced into a nozzle with 240 holes of 0.12 mmφ at a rate of 43 q/min, and then passed through a spindle at a speed of 23 m/min.
It was discharged into a coagulation bath controlled at 3°C. The coagulation bath used was an aqueous solution prepared by dissolving 7% sulfuric acid and 20% sodium sulfate in ion-exchanged water.

This coagulated fiber is introduced into an ion exchange water tank at 80°C, and the
After being thoroughly washed slowly at a speed of 9 m/min and squeezed with a mangle, the caustic soda concentration is 0.05 mol/min.
The fiber mold was immersed in an ion-exchange aqueous solution containing 0.532% of caustic soda based on the fiber mold opening.

This alkali-containing fiber was then brought into contact with a roll heated to 380°C and fired.

This fired fiber was then stretched 7 times while being brought into contact with a heated roll at 350°C.

The fibers were left in a relaxed state in an air atmosphere heated to 320° C. for 72 hours.

The obtained PTFE fiber is white and has a single yarn fineness of 1.7d.
It had well-balanced properties such as strength: 1.3 (It/d), elongation: 16.1%, and dry heat shrinkage rate (230°C x 30 minutes): 12.3%.

The small-angle X-ray scattering intensity of this fiber at 2θ=1° determined by small-angle X-ray scattering is 38 CpS, and the intensity determined by wide-angle X-ray diffraction (
The crystal size of the 110) plane was 107.

Weaving was carried out in a twill structure using a yarn made by mixing 1.6 d of polyethylene terephthalate fiber with 20% by weight of the above PTFE fiber as the weft.

This fabric was flexible, had excellent drapability, and had improved anti-pilling and antistatic properties.

When such a fabric was sewn, the threading of the needle was smooth and the resulting electrostatic voltage was low, and the anti-pilling properties of the sewn fabric were also excellent.

[Effects of the Invention] The present invention provides flexible filaments and sheet-like materials that have excellent drapability, anti-build properties, and antistatic properties, and also have excellent sewing performance. It exhibits excellent characteristics such as extremely smooth movement and low static voltage.

Patent applicant: Showa Kogyo Co., Ltd.

Claims (4)

[Claims] (1) 30% by weight in natural fibers and/or synthetic fibers
A fiber material with excellent flexibility, characterized in that polytetrafluoroethylene fibers or threads are mixed in an amount less than or equal to 100%. (2) The highly flexible fiber material according to claim (1), wherein the synthetic fiber is a high-strength fiber having a fiber strength of at least 12 g/d. (2) A fibrous material with excellent flexibility according to claim (1), wherein the fibrous material is a material for clothing. (3) A fiber material with excellent flexibility according to claim (1), wherein the fiber material is an industrial material. (4) Claim No. 1 in which the sheet-like material is a nonwoven fabric
) Highly flexible fiber materials listed in item ).