JPH01137082A - Suspension membrane structure - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To simplify drive devices by driving one or both of a suspension material and a pressing cable at one end section in the longitudinal direction with the drive device, and opening or closing membranes together with the suspension materials and cables. CONSTITUTION: Tensile devices 25 and sliding devices 26 are fitted to both end sections of the suspension wires 10 and pressing cables of a membrane structural body, and long bolts 30 serving as drive devices inserted into girders 14 over the whole length are arranged on sliding device main bodies 26a. Only a screw section 31 screwed into the bolt 30 is fitted to the main body 26a at one end section in the longitudinal direction, and the screw sections 31 are fitted to the main bodies 26a other than that at the end section via bearings 32. When the bolt 30 is rotated by a rotating means to drive the wire 10 and the cable at one end section, the other wires 10 and cables can be moved to open or close the membranes.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a novel composite membrane structure suitable for relatively large span buildings.

(Prior art and its problems) At present, the most commonly used forms of membrane structures include air membrane structures, suspension membrane structures, and frame membrane structures.

In the air membrane structure, the outward bulging curvature of the membrane material is made relatively small, making it a so-called low-rise curved surface, so that the wind pressure applied to the membrane material acts as negative pressure as much as possible, making it stable. It can exhibit excellent wind resistance performance.

Furthermore, by appropriately arranging reinforcing cables in the membrane material, it becomes possible to secure a huge span such as that of an indoor baseball stadium, for example.

However, in order to maintain the shape of the membrane surface, it is necessary to constantly blow air, and maintenance is extremely complicated and costs a considerable amount, making it economically unsuitable for buildings with small to medium spans of 100 m or less.

Next, in the above-mentioned suspension membrane structure, the membrane material can be expected to have the inherent curved resistance of the membrane structure, it is easy to introduce prestress, and it has advantages such as being aesthetically beautiful. It has the characteristics of being able to obtain a large-scale continuous space.

However, in the case of a strut-type suspension membrane structure, the struts may get in the way depending on the application, and
In the case of a single arch type, there is also the problem that the stability of the arch deteriorates due to unbalanced tension distribution on both sides of the arch, making it difficult to obtain the independence of the support frame.

Next, FIG. 11 shows an example of the above-mentioned frame membrane structure, in which a membrane material 3 is stretched over the upper surface of a self-supporting frame 1 such as a three-dimensional truss via a secondary member 2.

This frame-type membrane structure has features such as high independence of the frame, forming a freely curved shape, and vines.

It also has the advantage of being easy to design since there are no plane or cross-sectional constraints.

However, when the membrane surface made of the membrane material 3 is stretched over the grid of the three-dimensional truss type frame 1 as in the example shown in FIG. 11, the wind pressure applied to the membrane surface is Since the load is borne by the frame 1 via the point support part, it is difficult to expect sufficient strength.In addition, when using a line support method along the frame 1, it is necessary to maintain the shape of the membrane surface and prepare for deformation contact. The above-mentioned secondary member 2 is required extra, making it difficult to obtain economical benefits from the frame material.Furthermore, the membrane material 3 has a small size and curvature as a structural membrane, and is rather made of a transparent material such as glass or acrylic. A frame that can be used as a structural material! It only has the function of covering the top surface of the
There is a problem in that it is difficult to say that the tension resistance system provided by the membrane surface, which the membrane structure should originally have, is fully utilized.

Furthermore, since the frame 1 is located below the membrane material 3, only the form of the frame 1 is emphasized to the person inside, and the beauty such as the lightness and elasticity that the membrane curved surface should have is diminished.

In addition, arch-type cables are sometimes used to tension the membrane surface, but the distance between the frames is usually too short, making it difficult to expect wind resistance from the cables, resulting in a lack of rationality in the structural system. have.

In addition, in the above-mentioned conventional membrane structure structures, improvements have been made to improve the lighting conditions by devising the material of the membrane material, but the openness of the space especially when used as a sports facility has been improved. I had a problem with this.

The present invention was developed in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems, and aims to provide a suspension membrane structure based on a novel composite membrane structure that combines the advantages of each membrane structure described above. do.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the above object, the suspension membrane structure according to the present invention includes suspension members arranged substantially parallel or radially, and A membrane material suspended downward by a wire material, and a holding cable disposed on the membrane material in the same direction as each suspension material at an intermediate position between the respective suspension materials and applying tension to the membrane material. Each of the suspension members and each of the holding cables is slidable on support members at both ends thereof, and either or both of the suspension member and the holding cable are arranged at one end in the column direction. The present invention is characterized in that the membrane material can be opened and closed together with each suspension material and each holding cable by being driven in the row direction by a drive device.

(Example) Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

1 to 8 show an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a main part showing one constituent unit of a membrane structure according to the embodiment,
FIG. 2 is a plan view of a building using the membrane structure according to this example, FIG. 3 is a side view of FIG. 2, FIG. FIG. 3 is an end view showing a planar configuration.

The suspension membrane structure according to this embodiment includes a suspension wire 10 as a suspension material, a strut cable 11 as a wire material, as shown in FIG.
It comprises a membrane material 12 and a holding cable 13.

The suspension wires IO are arranged in parallel at predetermined intervals, and have a downwardly curved arc shape as shown in FIGS. 1 and 4.

From each suspension wire IO, in this example, 7
A plurality of strut cables 11 are suspended downward, and a membrane material 12 is suspended from each strut cable 11 via a hanging fitting 14.

Further, at an intermediate position between each suspension wire 10, a presser cable 1 is provided parallel to the suspension wire 10.
3 is disposed on the membrane material 12, and each suspension wire 10 and each holding cable 13 is pre-stressed to one or both of them at their terminal portions, thereby applying tension to the membrane material 12. It gives power.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the membrane surface made of the membrane material 12 maintains a sufficient curvature between the support points of the strut cables 11 to stabilize the curved surface.
2 and the presser cable 13 are integrated so that the membrane body itself exhibits its own tension resistance system, and the membrane surface as a whole is formed as a low rise curved surface with a small degree of outward bulge, so that it can resist wind. It is constructed to obtain as much negative pressure distribution as possible on the membrane surface when pressure is applied.

In addition, in FIGS. 2 to 5, reference numeral 14 indicates a large beam member that supports both ends of the suspension wire 10, and reference numeral 15 indicates a truss-type stiffener member disposed at both ends of the structure in the longitudinal direction to resist horizontal force. 16 is each suspension wire 10
A horizontal member 17 and an auxiliary pillar 18 are arranged to protrude outward from the pillar 16, and a first reinforcing wire 19 and a second reinforcing wire 20 are arranged thereon. 4 to form a truss as shown in FIG.

In addition, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 5, the presser cable 13
There are horizontal members 2 at both end positions! is arranged, and the pillar material 16
horizontal members 2 at the upper and lower ends of and both ends of the holding cable 13
Place materials 22 and 23 are stretched between each space.

Further, as shown in FIG. 5, wire members 24 are stretched between the horizontal members 21 at both ends of the holding cable 13 and the tip of the horizontal member 17.

Therefore, in this embodiment, each suspension wire 10
A sliding device and a tension device as shown in FIG. 6 are attached to both ends of the holding cable 13 and both ends of each holding cable 13.

That is, taking the end of the suspension wire 10 as an example, an electric center hole jack 25 as a tensioning device is disposed at the end of the wire 10, and the jack 25 moves the suspension wire lO to the ground position. It is possible to tension and relax at will by remote control.

In this embodiment, the girder 14 is made of a C-shaped channel material, and a sliding device 26 is fitted into the girder 14 .

The sliding device 26 includes a tenth sliding device pivotally supported on a horizontal rotation axis.
- 27 and a pair of 20th lars 28 which are pivotally supported on a vertical rotation axis, and as shown in FIG. Furthermore, the 20th roller 28 comes into contact with the web on the open end side of the girder 14 and is slidable.

Further, a protruding arm 29 protruding from the end of the jack 25 with 1"r11 is pivotally attached to the end of the sliding device main body 26a so as to be rotatable in the vertical direction. -10 tension, it corresponds to the variation of the inclination angle during relaxation.

Note that the configurations of the tension device 25 and sliding device 26 described above are the same at the ends of the holding cable 13.

Next, in FIG. 6, reference numeral 30 indicates a long bolt configuring the drive device for the suspension wire 10 according to the present embodiment, and the long bolt 30 is connected to each suspension wire lO.
Penetrating each sliding device main body 26a arranged in each case,
It is arranged within the girder 14 over the entire length in the column direction.

Therefore, in the first sliding device 26Δ disposed at both ends of the suspension wire IO disposed at one end in the column direction, the long bolt 30 is fixed to the device main body 26a as shown in FIG. When the long bolt 3o is rotated once, the first sliding device 2
The screw pitch is set so that 6A moves about 10 cm.

On the other hand, in the second sliding device 26B disposed on the suspension wire 10 other than the end portion, the spiral portion 31 is attached to the device main body 26a via a bearing 32, as shown in FIG. In condition, long bolt 3o
When the bolt 30 is rotated, the helical portion 31 also rotates together with the bolt 30 due to the action of the bearing 32, so that the second sliding device 26
is not supposed to move.

Therefore, when it is desired to release the membrane material 12, first operate each of the electric center hole jacks 25 from the ground position to release the suspension wire 10 and the holding cable 13.
Relax the tension in one or both of the following.

Thereafter, when the elongated bolt 30 is rotated in a predetermined direction by a predetermined rotation means, the first sliding device 26A disposed on the suspension wire 10 at one end in the column direction moves together with the spiral portion 31 in the column direction. When it moves toward the other end of the suspension wire 10 and moves to the position of the second sliding device 26B disposed on the other suspension wire 10, it presses the second sliding device 26B in the column direction. The spiral portion 31 that was rotating comes into contact with the long bolt 30, and in conjunction with the first sliding device 26A, the second sliding device 26B also starts moving in the column direction.

Thereafter, the other second sliding devices 26B are also sequentially moved in the row direction in the same manner, and by the movement of the suspension wire 10 integrated with each sliding device 26, the membrane material 12 is also moved together with each strut cable 11 and the presser cable 13. In conjunction with this, it moves toward the other end in the column direction, and the membrane material 12 can be brought into an open state.

Further, in order to close the membrane material 12 from the open state, the above-described operation procedure may be reversed.

In this way, in the suspension membrane structure according to this embodiment, the membrane material 12 can be freely opened and closed depending on the weather and other conditions, so it is possible to create a comfortable large space, especially in sports facilities. It can be suitable for buildings where open space is desirable on sunny days.

Further, since it is only necessary to drive the first sliding device 26A disposed on the suspension wire 10 at one end in the column direction, the driving device can be designed rationally, and the entire device can be simplified. Vine.

Furthermore, in the membrane structure according to this embodiment, in response to the wind pressure that is the dominant load, most of the negative pressure acts on the membrane surface as described above, so the negative pressure is applied to the membrane material 12 and the holding cable. 13 as tension, and even if unbalanced stress occurs due to deformation of the membrane surface due to local wind pressure, for example, this stress is absorbed by the tension ring made of the flexible membrane material 12 and the holding cable 13.

Therefore, the wind pressure in the portion where there is a slight positive pressure distribution acts on the suspension wire 10 only as a short-term load via the strut cable 11.

In the conventional frame membrane structure mentioned above, the membrane material is stretched over the top surface of the frame, so wind pressure is ultimately borne entirely by the frame, regardless of whether it is positive pressure or negative pressure. Therefore, the frame requires a large cross-sectional member that can withstand this, and the connection between the frame members becomes complicated. However, as described above, in this embodiment, the suspension wire 10 is 12, cable 13
It is only necessary to support an extremely lightweight long-term self-weight such as, a certain amount of wind pressure, and short-term loads of snowfall.

In addition, since flexible wire material is used, the load transmitted via the strut cables 11 acts on the suspension wire 10 only as an axial force, and no bending force acts on the suspension wire 10, resulting in high rigidity. It is possible to significantly reduce the weight compared to the above-mentioned conventional example using frame materials.

In addition, as described in item 1, the membrane material 12 is a point support to the suspension wire 10 for a light self-weight, and a line support to the cable 13 for a large wind load.
The joints are formed in a rational manner according to the magnitude of the load.

Further, since the membrane material 12 is suspended from the suspension wire 10 in a minimum number of points, details regarding waterproofing can be simplified.

In addition, since the membrane surface is separated from the suspension wire 10 via the strut cable 11, the exterior has a mechanical design using the suspension wire 10, while the interior has a membrane with sufficient curvature for the ceiling. By arranging the surfaces, a soft and attractive atmosphere unique to the membrane can be obtained, similar to conventional suspension membrane structures or air membrane structures.

Furthermore, since the membrane surface is disposed below the suspension wire 10, construction (attachment of the membrane material 12 to the suspension wire 10) is easier than in conventional frame membrane structures.

In addition, re-tensioning of the membrane surface due to aging or leaping can be easily carried out at the outer periphery using either or both of the suspension wire IO and the holding cable 13, similar to the introduction of the initial prestress described above. The vines are
As described above, since the holding cable 13 simultaneously functions as a large resistance element against wind pressure, it is structurally extremely rational.

Depending on the design conditions, the suspension wire 10
Alternatively, it is also possible to use a lightweight beam material such as a single piece of steel pipe.

Furthermore, in the above embodiment, each suspension wire lO
Although an example is shown in which the suspension wires 10 are arranged parallel to each other, it is also possible to arrange the suspension wires 10 approximately radially from each other, as in the embodiments shown in FIGS. 9 and 1O. In this case, the 8-hold cable 13 may be placed in the same direction as the suspension wire 10 at an intermediate position between the suspension wires.

Further, in the above embodiment, an example is shown in which only the suspension wire 10 disposed at one end in the column direction is driven by the drive device, but in addition to this, the holding cable 13 at one end in the column direction is driven by the drive device. Only the suspension wire 10 and the presser cable 13 at one end in the column direction may be driven by the same drive device, or both the suspension wire 10 and the presser cable 13 at one end in the column direction may be driven by the drive device.

Furthermore, the tensioning device 25
In addition to the example in which the cable is installed on both the cable 13 and the presser cable 13, it may be installed on either one of the cables.

Furthermore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments,
It is understood that various modifications are possible without departing from the gist of the present invention, such as the spacing and span between each suspension wire 10, the number of strut cables, etc., which can be changed as appropriate according to design conditions. Needless to say.

(Effects of the Invention) The present invention is constructed as described above, and includes suspension members arranged substantially parallel or radially, and membrane members suspended downward from a plurality of locations of each suspension member by wire members. and a holding cable disposed on the membrane material in the same direction as each suspension material at an intermediate position between each of the suspension materials and applying tension to the membrane material, each of the suspension materials and each holding cable. is slidable on support members at both ends of each, and by driving either or both of the suspension material and the holding cable disposed at one end in the column direction in the column direction by a drive device, By making the 1111 membrane material freely openable and closable along with each suspension material and each holding cable,
Since an open space can be formed as desired and only the suspension material and the holding cable at one end need be driven, the driving device can be simplified.

Further, the wind resistance performance as a lightweight structure can be expected mainly from the membrane body consisting of the membrane material and the holding cable, and the tension resistance of the membrane body that the membrane structure should originally have can be fully exhibited.

In addition, all loads from the bottom act on the suspension material only as axial force, and no bending force acts on the suspension material, resulting in a rational structure, compared to the conventional example above that uses highly rigid frame materials. This can help make your entire body lighter.

46 Detailed Description of the Invention FIGS. 1 to 8 show an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a main part of the membrane structure according to the embodiment, not showing the structure;
FIG. 2 is a plan view of a building using the membrane structure according to this example, FIG. 3 is a side view of FIG. 2, FIG. An end view showing the planar configuration, FIG. 6 (a
) is a conceptual diagram showing an example of a sliding device and a tension device, and Fig. 6 (
b) is a conceptual diagram of the tension device, Fig. 7(a), Fig. 7(b)
, FIG. 8(a) and FIG. 8(b) are explanatory diagrams showing the drive device according to the present embodiment, and FIGS. 9 and 10 are conceptual diagrams showing other embodiments of the present invention, respectively. FIG. 11 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of a conventional skeleton membrane structure.

10... Suspension material (suspension wire), 11... Wire material (strut cable), 12...
Membrane material, 13... Holding cable.

25...Tension device.

26A...first sliding device, 26B... second sliding device, 30...Long bolt, 31... Spiral part, 32... Bearing.

Claims (1)

[Claims] Suspension members arranged approximately parallel or radially; membrane members suspended downward from multiple locations of each suspension member by wire members; and a presser cable disposed on the membrane material in the direction of the column and applying tension to the membrane material, each of the suspension members and each presser cable is slidable on support members at both ends of each, and By driving either or both of the suspension material and the holding cable arranged at one end in the direction of the column by a drive device, the membrane material can be opened and closed together with each suspension material and each holding cable. A suspension membrane structure characterized by: