JPH01112254A - Metallic toner composition - Google Patents
Metallic toner compositionInfo
- Publication number
- JPH01112254A JPH01112254A JP62268954A JP26895487A JPH01112254A JP H01112254 A JPH01112254 A JP H01112254A JP 62268954 A JP62268954 A JP 62268954A JP 26895487 A JP26895487 A JP 26895487A JP H01112254 A JPH01112254 A JP H01112254A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- metallic
- toner
- titanium oxide
- oxide layer
- acid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229920006122 polyamide resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 125000005263 alkylenediamine group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 4
- 150000003951 lactams Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 4
- KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbamic acid Chemical compound NC(O)=O KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 17
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000002932 luster Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 9
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 239000000194 fatty acid Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 229930195729 fatty acid Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 7
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 7
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical class [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910002012 Aerosil® Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 4
- NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCN NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sebacic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Abietic-Saeure Natural products C12CCC(C(C)C)=CC2=CCC2C1(C)CCCC2(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N Rosin Natural products O(C/C=C/c1ccccc1)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 3
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000539 dimer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N octanoic acid Chemical class CCCCCCCC(O)=O WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920001909 styrene-acrylic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-cinnamyl beta-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 150000004670 unsaturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- MRERMGPPCLQIPD-NBVRZTHBSA-N (3beta,5alpha,9alpha,22E,24R)-3,5,9-Trihydroxy-23-methylergosta-7,22-dien-6-one Chemical compound C1C(O)CCC2(C)C(CCC3(C(C(C)/C=C(\C)C(C)C(C)C)CCC33)C)(O)C3=CC(=O)C21O MRERMGPPCLQIPD-NBVRZTHBSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UAJRSHJHFRVGMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenyl-4-methoxybenzene Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1 UAJRSHJHFRVGMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JVPFOKXICYJJSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-azaniumylnonanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC(N)C(O)=O JVPFOKXICYJJSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WMRCTEPOPAZMMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-undecylpropanedioic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(C(O)=O)C(O)=O WMRCTEPOPAZMMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical class [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JHWNWJKBPDFINM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Laurolactam Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCCCCCCCN1 JHWNWJKBPDFINM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl acrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical class [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000005907 alkyl ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 2
- VHRGRCVQAFMJIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadaverine Chemical compound NCCCCCN VHRGRCVQAFMJIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N decanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UKMSUNONTOPOIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N docosanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O UKMSUNONTOPOIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GMSCBRSQMRDRCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C GMSCBRSQMRDRCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-MDZDMXLPSA-N elaidic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-MDZDMXLPSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- UYTPUPDQBNUYGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N guanine Chemical compound O=C1NC(N)=NC2=C1N=CN2 UYTPUPDQBNUYGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XMHIUKTWLZUKEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexacosanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O XMHIUKTWLZUKEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000005395 methacrylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- UTOPWMOLSKOLTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N octacosanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O UTOPWMOLSKOLTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 108091008695 photoreceptors Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N salicylic acid Chemical class OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000003441 saturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000004671 saturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003609 titanium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- SZHOJFHSIKHZHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tridecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O SZHOJFHSIKHZHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZDPHROOEEOARMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N undecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZDPHROOEEOARMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-NTGFUMLPSA-N (9Z,12Z)-9,10,12,13-tetratritiooctadeca-9,12-dienoic acid Chemical compound C(CCCCCCC\C(=C(/C\C(=C(/CCCCC)\[3H])\[3H])\[3H])\[3H])(=O)O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-NTGFUMLPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KTZVZZJJVJQZHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chloro-4-ethenylbenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1 KTZVZZJJVJQZHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IGGDKDTUCAWDAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-vinylnaphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C=C)=CC=CC2=C1 IGGDKDTUCAWDAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VILCJCGEZXAXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,2-tetramine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCN VILCJCGEZXAXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SXNBVULTHKFMNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-dihydroxyoctadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)(O)C(O)=O SXNBVULTHKFMNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-fluorophenyl)-1h-imidazole Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC(C=2NC=CN=2)=C1 JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-phenylmethoxyphenyl)-1,3-thiazole-4-carbaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CSC(C=2C=C(OCC=3C=CC=CC=3)C=CC=2)=N1 OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SJIXRGNQPBQWMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(diethylamino)ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCN(CC)CCOC(=O)C(C)=C SJIXRGNQPBQWMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GOXQRTZXKQZDDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Ethylhexyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C=C GOXQRTZXKQZDDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WDQMWEYDKDCEHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C(C)=C WDQMWEYDKDCEHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OMIGHNLMNHATMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxyethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound OCCOC(=O)C=C OMIGHNLMNHATMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VHSHLMUCYSAUQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate Chemical compound CC(O)COC(=O)C(C)=C VHSHLMUCYSAUQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GWZMWHWAWHPNHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxypropyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(O)COC(=O)C=C GWZMWHWAWHPNHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RUMACXVDVNRZJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpropyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)COC(=O)C(C)=C RUMACXVDVNRZJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CFVWNXQPGQOHRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpropyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)COC(=O)C=C CFVWNXQPGQOHRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HNNQYHFROJDYHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(4-ethylcyclohexyl)propanoic acid 3-(3-ethylcyclopentyl)propanoic acid Chemical class CCC1CCC(CCC(O)=O)C1.CCC1CCC(CCC(O)=O)CC1 HNNQYHFROJDYHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JLBJTVDPSNHSKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Methylstyrene Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1 JLBJTVDPSNHSKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IYHIFXGFKVJNBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-chloro-2-[(2-hydroxynaphthalen-1-yl)diazenyl]-4-methylbenzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(C)=CC(N=NC=2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC=2O)=C1S(O)(=O)=O IYHIFXGFKVJNBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JTHZUSWLNCPZLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-fluoro-3-methyl-2h-indazole Chemical compound FC1=CC=C2C(C)=NNC2=C1 JTHZUSWLNCPZLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000021357 Behenic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004135 Bone phosphate Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- DPUOLQHDNGRHBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Brassidinsaeure Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O DPUOLQHDNGRHBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005632 Capric acid (CAS 334-48-5) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005635 Caprylic acid (CAS 124-07-2) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- REEFSLKDEDEWAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloraniformethan Chemical compound ClC1=CC=C(NC(NC=O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl)C=C1Cl REEFSLKDEDEWAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004709 Chlorinated polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004641 Diallyl-phthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethylenetriamine Chemical compound NCCNCCN RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- URXZXNYJPAJJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Erucic acid Natural products CCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O URXZXNYJPAJJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acrylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C=C JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WOBHKFSMXKNTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroxyethyl methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCO WOBHKFSMXKNTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005639 Lauric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021353 Lignoceric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- CQXMAMUUWHYSIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lignoceric acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 CQXMAMUUWHYSIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N Linoleic acid Chemical compound CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LTGPFZWZZNUIIK-LURJTMIESA-N Lysol Chemical compound NCCCC[C@H](N)CO LTGPFZWZZNUIIK-LURJTMIESA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidone Chemical compound C=CN1CCCC1=O WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021314 Palmitic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000220317 Rosa Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000519995 Stachys sylvatica Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910011011 Ti(OH)4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000004 White lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-Methylstyrene Chemical compound CC(=C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000987 azo dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- IRERQBUNZFJFGC-UHFFFAOYSA-L azure blue Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[S-]S[S-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] IRERQBUNZFJFGC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940116226 behenic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- QUDWYFHPNIMBFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(prop-2-enyl) benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate Chemical compound C=CCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC=C QUDWYFHPNIMBFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical class [Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce] ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HBHZKFOUIUMKHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N chembl1982121 Chemical compound OC1=CC=C2C=CC=CC2=C1N=NC1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O HBHZKFOUIUMKHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004581 coalescence Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008119 colloidal silica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- XCJYREBRNVKWGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) phthalocyanine Chemical compound [Cu+2].C12=CC=CC=C2C(N=C2[N-]C(C3=CC=CC=C32)=N2)=NC1=NC([C]1C=CC=CC1=1)=NC=1N=C1[C]3C=CC=CC3=C2[N-]1 XCJYREBRNVKWGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-NSCUHMNNSA-N crotonic acid Chemical compound C\C=C\C(O)=O LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-NSCUHMNNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- OIWOHHBRDFKZNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OC1CCCCC1 OIWOHHBRDFKZNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KBLWLMPSVYBVDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OC1CCCCC1 KBLWLMPSVYBVDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007720 emulsion polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- DPUOLQHDNGRHBS-KTKRTIGZSA-N erucic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O DPUOLQHDNGRHBS-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FARYTWBWLZAXNK-WAYWQWQTSA-N ethyl (z)-3-(methylamino)but-2-enoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)\C=C(\C)NC FARYTWBWLZAXNK-WAYWQWQTSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SUPCQIBBMFXVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(C)=C SUPCQIBBMFXVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002222 fluorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N furosemide Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(S(=O)(=O)N)=CC(C(O)=O)=C1NCC1=CC=CO1 ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical compound C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000554 ionomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- PBOSTUDLECTMNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N lauryl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C=C PBOSTUDLECTMNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MOUPNEIJQCETIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead chromate Chemical compound [Pb+2].[O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O MOUPNEIJQCETIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004232 linoleic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002689 maleic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- YLGXILFCIXHCMC-JHGZEJCSSA-N methyl cellulose Chemical compound COC1C(OC)C(OC)C(COC)O[C@H]1O[C@H]1C(OC)C(OC)C(OC)OC1COC YLGXILFCIXHCMC-JHGZEJCSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CXKWCBBOMKCUKX-UHFFFAOYSA-M methylene blue Chemical compound [Cl-].C1=CC(N(C)C)=CC2=[S+]C3=CC(N(C)C)=CC=C3N=C21 CXKWCBBOMKCUKX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylenebutanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Pentadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HMZGPNHSPWNGEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C HMZGPNHSPWNGEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002446 octanoic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- NZIDBRBFGPQCRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C NZIDBRBFGPQCRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ANISOHQJBAQUQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N octyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOC(=O)C=C ANISOHQJBAQUQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- RPQRDASANLAFCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxiran-2-ylmethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCC1CO1 RPQRDASANLAFCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SOQBVABWOPYFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);titanium(4+) Chemical class [O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4] SOQBVABWOPYFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N papa-hydroxy-benzoic acid Chemical class OC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent‐4‐en‐2‐one Natural products CC(=O)CC=C PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QIWKUEJZZCOPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 QIWKUEJZZCOPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WRAQQYDMVSCOTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 WRAQQYDMVSCOTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalocyanine Chemical compound N1C(N=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C(N=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C(=N4)N3)=N2)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1N=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C4=N1 IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002037 poly(vinyl butyral) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003230 pyrimidines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000012752 quinoline yellow Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- IZMJMCDDWKSTTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinoline yellow Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=NC(C3C(C4=CC=CC=C4C3=O)=O)=CC=C21 IZMJMCDDWKSTTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940051201 quinoline yellow Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004172 quinoline yellow Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- PYWVYCXTNDRMGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodamine B Chemical compound [Cl-].C=12C=CC(=[N+](CC)CC)C=C2OC2=CC(N(CC)CC)=CC=C2C=1C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O PYWVYCXTNDRMGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940043267 rhodamine b Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000007142 ring opening reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960004889 salicylic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002050 silicone resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010557 suspension polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N tetradecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC[14C](O)=O TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 1
- LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-crotonic acid Natural products CC=CC(O)=O LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RBKBGHZMNFTKRE-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium 2-[(2-oxido-3-sulfo-6-sulfonatonaphthalen-1-yl)diazenyl]benzoate Chemical compound C1=CC=C(C(=C1)C(=O)[O-])N=NC2=C3C=CC(=CC3=CC(=C2[O-])S(=O)(=O)O)S(=O)(=O)[O-].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+] RBKBGHZMNFTKRE-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 235000013799 ultramarine blue Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/087—Binders for toner particles
- G03G9/08742—Binders for toner particles comprising macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- G03G9/08766—Polyamides, e.g. polyesteramides
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/097—Plasticisers; Charge controlling agents
- G03G9/09708—Inorganic compounds
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Developing Agents For Electrophotography (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
(産業上の利用分野)
本発明は、電子写真法、静電印刷法、静電記録法等にお
いて形成される静電荷像を現像するメタリックトナー組
成物に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a metallic toner composition for developing electrostatic images formed in electrophotography, electrostatic printing, electrostatic recording, or the like.
(従来技術)
従来、電子写真法を利用した複写機においては、帯電、
露光により感光体上に形成された静電荷像を、結着樹脂
及び着色剤等を含有する粉体トナーで現像し、現像した
トナー像を転写紙等の支持体に転写すると共に、加熱ロ
ーラまたは加圧ローラにより」−記トナー像を支持体に
定着させることにより、」1記静電荷像を可視化してお
り、上記粉体トナーとしては、通常、黒色またはカラー
トナーが広く使用されている。(Prior art) Conventionally, in copying machines using electrophotography, charging,
The electrostatic charge image formed on the photoreceptor by exposure to light is developed with a powder toner containing a binder resin, a colorant, etc., and the developed toner image is transferred to a support such as a transfer paper, and then a heating roller or By fixing the toner image marked ``-'' on a support using a pressure roller, the electrostatic charge image ``1'' is visualized, and black or color toner is generally widely used as the powder toner.
一方、近年、装飾性を高めるため、メタリックな色調を
有する複写画像用トナーが要求されているが、上記従来
のトナーではこのような用途に対応することができない
。On the other hand, in recent years, there has been a demand for toners for copying images having metallic tones in order to enhance decorativeness, but the above-mentioned conventional toners cannot meet such uses.
上記要求に応えるため、金属アルミニウム粉末と各種着
色剤とを含有するトナーや、雲母微粉末を酸化チタン薄
膜で被覆した雲母チタン、あるいはこの雲母チタンの表
面に発色微粒子を吸着させたパール顔料を含有するトナ
ーが提案されている。In order to meet the above requirements, we have developed toners containing metallic aluminum powder and various coloring agents, mica titanium made by covering fine mica powder with a thin film of titanium oxide, or pearl pigments made by adsorbing fine coloring particles on the surface of mica titanium. A toner that does this has been proposed.
しかしながら、上記金属アルミニウム粉は、トナー製造
時における取り扱いや安全性に問題があり、雲母チタン
やパール顔料は支持体の色や表面状態の影響を受けやす
いため、所望のメタリック光沢を呈する複写画像が得難
いという問題があった。上記目的を達成するため、結着
樹脂と共に、薄片状の基質が黒色酸化チタン層で順次被
覆された薄片状物質を含有するメタリックトナー組成物
が先に提案されている。(特願昭612467(発明が
解決しようとする問題点)
しかしながら、メタリックトナーに関しては、より一層
鮮明で装飾性に優れたメタリック色を呈する画像が要求
されている。従って、本発明の目的は、従来のメタリッ
クトナーよりさらに鮮明なメタリック光沢を呈するトナ
ーを提供することにある。However, the above-mentioned metallic aluminum powder has problems with handling and safety during toner production, and mica titanium and pearl pigments are easily affected by the color and surface condition of the support, so it is difficult to reproduce reproduced images with the desired metallic luster. The problem was that it was difficult to obtain. To achieve the above object, metallic toner compositions have previously been proposed which contain, together with a binder resin, a flaky material in which a flaky substrate is successively coated with a layer of black titanium oxide. (Patent Application No. 612,467 (Problems to be Solved by the Invention)) However, regarding metallic toner, there is a demand for images that exhibit a metallic color that is even clearer and has excellent decorative properties.Therefore, the object of the present invention is to To provide a toner exhibiting more vivid metallic gloss than conventional metallic toners.
(問題点を解決するための手段)
本発明のメタリックトナー組成物は、結着樹脂と共に、
下記一般式〔I〕または〔II〕で表される構造単位を
有するポリアミド樹脂及び薄片状の基質が黒色酸化チタ
ン層、所定膜厚を有する酸化チタン層で順次被覆された
薄片状物質を含有することを特徴とするものである。(Means for Solving the Problems) The metallic toner composition of the present invention includes, together with a binder resin,
A polyamide resin having a structural unit represented by the following general formula [I] or [II] and a flaky substrate are sequentially coated with a black titanium oxide layer and a titanium oxide layer having a predetermined thickness. It is characterized by this.
(式中、mは8以上の整数、nは2以上の整数、Xは炭
素数8以上の脂肪族炭化水素残基、pは正の整数をそれ
ぞれ示す。)
(作用)
結着樹脂と共に、薄片状の基質が黒色酸化チタン層、所
定膜厚を有する酸化チタン層で順次被覆された薄片状物
質を含有するメタリックトナー組成物は、従来の雲母チ
タン、パール顔料に比べて鮮明なメタリック光沢が得ら
れるものの、より一層鮮明なメタリック光沢を呈するト
ナーへの要求が強い。(In the formula, m is an integer of 8 or more, n is an integer of 2 or more, X is an aliphatic hydrocarbon residue having 8 or more carbon atoms, and p is a positive integer.) (Function) Together with the binder resin, A metallic toner composition containing a flaky material in which a flaky substrate is sequentially coated with a black titanium oxide layer and a titanium oxide layer having a predetermined film thickness has a more vivid metallic luster than conventional mica titanium and pearl pigments. However, there is a strong demand for a toner that exhibits even more vivid metallic luster.
本発明者らは、この点について研究の結果、オフセット
防止剤として添加されているオレフィン系ポリマーが、
結着樹脂との相溶性が悪いために得られたトナー画像の
透明性が悪くなると共に、メタリック光沢を阻害すると
いうことを発見した。As a result of research on this point, the present inventors found that the olefin polymer added as an anti-offset agent
It has been discovered that due to the poor compatibility with the binder resin, the transparency of the obtained toner image deteriorates and the metallic gloss is inhibited.
従って、結着樹脂との相溶性が良く、鮮明性かつ光沢性
に優れたトナーを得ることができるオフセット防止剤に
ついてさらに研究を重ねた結果、下記−数式(1)また
は(1’l〕で表されるポリアミド樹脂が、各種結着樹
脂との相溶性に優れ、トナー画像の透明性に優れている
ことが判明した。Therefore, as a result of further research into offset inhibitors that have good compatibility with binder resins and can produce toners with excellent clarity and gloss, we found that the following formula (1) or (1'l) It has been found that the expressed polyamide resin has excellent compatibility with various binder resins and excellent transparency of toner images.
しかも、上記ポリアミド樹脂は離型性を有しているので
、オフセット現象を防止する効果がある。Moreover, since the polyamide resin has mold releasability, it has the effect of preventing the offset phenomenon.
このポリアミド樹脂を、オレフィン系ポリマーに代えて
オフセット防止剤として用いたメタリソクトナーは、鮮
明なメタリック光沢を得ることができた。A metalisotoner using this polyamide resin as an anti-offset agent in place of the olefin polymer was able to obtain a clear metallic luster.
(式中、mは8以上の整数、nは2以上の整数、Xは炭
素数8以上の脂肪族炭化水素残基、pは正の整数をそれ
ぞれ示す。)
以下に、本発明の詳細な説明する。(In the formula, m is an integer of 8 or more, n is an integer of 2 or more, X is an aliphatic hydrocarbon residue having 8 or more carbon atoms, and p is a positive integer.) Below, details of the present invention are shown. explain.
本発明のメタリックトナー組成物に使用される」二記結
着樹脂としては、スチレン系重合体、アクリル系重合体
、スチレン−アクリル系共重合体、ポリエチレン、塩素
化ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、アイオノマー等のオ
レフィン系重合体、ポリ塩化ビニル、ポリエステル、ポ
リアミド、ポリウレタン、エポキシ樹脂、ジアリルフタ
レート樹脂、シリコーン樹脂、ケトン樹脂、ポリビニル
ブチラール樹脂、フェノール樹脂、ロジン変性フェノー
ル樹脂、キシレン樹脂、ロジン変性マレイン酸樹脂、ロ
ジンエステル、石油樹脂等、各種の重合体が例示できる
。Examples of the binder resin used in the metallic toner composition of the present invention include olefins such as styrene polymers, acrylic polymers, styrene-acrylic copolymers, polyethylene, chlorinated polyethylene, polypropylene, and ionomers. Polymers, polyvinyl chloride, polyester, polyamide, polyurethane, epoxy resin, diallyl phthalate resin, silicone resin, ketone resin, polyvinyl butyral resin, phenol resin, rosin-modified phenol resin, xylene resin, rosin-modified maleic acid resin, rosin ester Examples include various polymers such as , petroleum resin, and the like.
上記系重合体に用いられる不飽和単量体としては、スチ
レン、α−メチルスチレン、0−メチルスチレン、p−
メチルスチレン、p−メトキシスチレン、p−クロロス
チレン等のスチレン系単量体;アクリル酸、アクリル酸
メチル、アクリル酸エチル、アクリル酸−〇−ブチル、
アクリル酸イソブチル、アクリル酸−n−オクチル、ア
クリル酸−2−エチルヘキシル、アクリル酸ドデシル、
アクリル酸ステアリル、アクリル酸シクロヘキシル、ア
クリル酸フヱニル、アクリル酸−2−ヒドロキシエチル
、アクリル−2−ヒドロキシプロピル、アクリル酸グリ
シジル、アクリル酸シカチルアミノエチル、アクリルア
ミド、アクリルニトリル、メタクリル酸、メタクリル酸
メチル、メタクリル酸エチル、メタクリル(g−n−ブ
チル、メタクリル酸イソブチル、メタクリル酸−n−オ
クチル、メタクリル酸−2−エチルヘキシル、メタクリ
ル酸ドデシル、メタクリル酸ステアリル、メタクリル酸
シクロヘキシル、メタクリル酸フェニル、メタクリル酸
ドデシル、メタクリル酸−2−ヒドロキシエチル、メタ
クリル酸−2−ヒドロキシプロピル、メタクリル酸ジエ
チルアミノエチル等のアクリルまたはメタクリル系単量
体;マレイン酸、フマル酸、クロトン酸、イタコン酸ま
たはこれらのアルキルエステル等の不飽和二重結合を有
するカルボン酸またはそのアルキルエステル;エチレン
、プロピレン、ブタジェン等のオレフィン系単量体;酢
酸ビニル;塩化ビニル;塩化ビニリデン;ビニルピロリ
ドン;ビニルナフタレン等が例示できる。上記単量体は
、一種または二種以上混合して使用される。Examples of unsaturated monomers used in the above-mentioned polymers include styrene, α-methylstyrene, 0-methylstyrene, p-
Styrenic monomers such as methylstyrene, p-methoxystyrene, p-chlorostyrene; acrylic acid, methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, -butyl acrylate,
Isobutyl acrylate, n-octyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, dodecyl acrylate,
stearyl acrylate, cyclohexyl acrylate, phenyl acrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl acrylate, glycidyl acrylate, cicathylaminoethyl acrylate, acrylamide, acrylonitrile, methacrylic acid, methyl methacrylate, Ethyl methacrylate, methacrylic (gn-butyl, isobutyl methacrylate, n-octyl methacrylate, 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate, dodecyl methacrylate, stearyl methacrylate, cyclohexyl methacrylate, phenyl methacrylate, dodecyl methacrylate, Acrylic or methacrylic monomers such as 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate, and diethylaminoethyl methacrylate; unsaturated monomers such as maleic acid, fumaric acid, crotonic acid, itaconic acid, or alkyl esters thereof Examples include carboxylic acid having a double bond or an alkyl ester thereof; olefinic monomers such as ethylene, propylene, butadiene; vinyl acetate; vinyl chloride; vinylidene chloride; vinylpyrrolidone; vinylnaphthalene, etc. The above monomers include: Used alone or in combination of two or more.
上記重合体のうち、スチレン系重合体、アクリル系重合
体またはスチレン−アクリル共重合体、ポリエステル等
を主成分とするものが好ましい。Among the above polymers, those containing styrene polymers, acrylic polymers, styrene-acrylic copolymers, polyesters, etc. as main components are preferred.
これらの重合体は、重量平均分子量30,000〜20
0,000、特に、50,000〜15o、oooのも
のが好ましく、一種または二種以上混合して用いられる
。These polymers have a weight average molecular weight of 30,000 to 20
0,000, particularly preferably 50,000 to 15o, ooo, and may be used singly or in combination of two or more.
なお、上記重合体のうち、ロジンエステル、ロジン変性
フェノール樹脂、ロジンマレイン酸樹脂、エポキシ樹脂
、ポリエステルや繊維素系高分子、ポリエーテル樹脂等
は、トナーの摩擦帯電特性等を改良する上で有用である
。Among the above polymers, rosin esters, rosin-modified phenolic resins, rosin maleic acid resins, epoxy resins, polyesters, cellulose polymers, polyether resins, etc. are useful in improving the triboelectric properties of toner. It is.
また、トナーが熱定着性トナーであるとき、上記重合体
は、軟化点50〜200℃、好ましくは、軟化点70〜
170°Cを有するものが好ましい。Further, when the toner is a heat fixable toner, the above polymer has a softening point of 50 to 200°C, preferably a softening point of 70 to 200°C.
Those having a temperature of 170°C are preferred.
本発明のトナー組成物においては、上記結着樹脂と共に
特定のポリアミド樹脂を使用するのが重要な特徴である
。An important feature of the toner composition of the present invention is the use of a specific polyamide resin together with the binder resin.
即ち、下記−形式(1)または(II)で表される構造
単位を有するポリアミド樹脂を使用している。That is, a polyamide resin having a structural unit represented by the following format (1) or (II) is used.
(式中、mは8以上の整数、nは2以上の整数、Xは炭
素数8以上の脂肪族炭化水素残基、pは正の整数をそれ
ぞれ示す。)
より具体的には、上記−形式CI)で表される構造単位
を有するポリアミド樹脂は、9以上の炭素数を有するラ
クタムまたはアミノカルボン3.の重合により得られる
ものであり、−形式(1)で表されるポリアミド樹脂は
、2以上の炭素数を有するアルキレンジアミンと10以
上の炭素数を有するアルキレンジカルボン酸との重合に
より得られるものである。なお、上記ポリアミド樹脂は
、前記構造単位〔I〕、C11)を有するものであれば
よく、他のラクタム、アミノカルボン酸、アルキレンジ
アミン、脂肪族ジカルボン酸等との共重合体であっても
よい。(In the formula, m is an integer of 8 or more, n is an integer of 2 or more, X is an aliphatic hydrocarbon residue having 8 or more carbon atoms, and p is a positive integer.) More specifically, the above- The polyamide resin having a structural unit represented by the formula CI) is a lactam or aminocarbon having 9 or more carbon atoms. The polyamide resin represented by form (1) is obtained by polymerizing an alkylene diamine having 2 or more carbon atoms and an alkylene dicarboxylic acid having 10 or more carbon atoms. be. Note that the polyamide resin may be one having the structural unit [I], C11), and may be a copolymer with other lactams, aminocarboxylic acids, alkylene diamines, aliphatic dicarboxylic acids, etc. .
上記ラクタム、アミノカルボン酸としては、ラウロラク
タム、アミノノナン酸、ω−アミノウンデカン酸などが
例示できる。また、」二記アルキレンジアミンとしては
、エチレンジアミン、ジエチレントリアミン、トリエチ
レンテトラミン、ヘキサメチレンジアミン、ペンタメチ
レンジアミン等が例示できる。また、アルキレンジカル
ボン酸としては、セバシン酸、ドデカンジカルボン酸や
、不飽和脂肪酸の二量体であるダイマー酸などが例示で
きる。Examples of the lactam and aminocarboxylic acid include laurolactam, aminononanoic acid, and ω-aminoundecanoic acid. Examples of the di-alkylene diamine include ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, hexamethylenediamine, and pentamethylenediamine. Examples of alkylene dicarboxylic acids include sebacic acid, dodecane dicarboxylic acid, and dimer acid, which is a dimer of unsaturated fatty acids.
上記−形式〔I〕または(n)で表される構造単位を有
するポリアミド樹脂は、アミノノナン酸の重合体である
9−ナイロンであってもよいが、ω−アミノウンデカン
酸の重合体である11−ナイロン、ラウロラクタムの開
環重合体である12−ナイロン、ヘキサメチレンジアミ
ンと、セバシン酸、ドデカンジカルボン酸との重合体で
ある6゜10−ナイロン、6.12−ナイロン、上記ア
ルキレンジアミンとダイマー酸との重合体であるポリア
ミド樹脂が好ましい。上記のポリアミド樹脂は、吸湿性
が小さく、従来のオレフィン系ポリマーとは異なり、ト
ナー画像の透明性、鮮明性及び機械的強度にも優れてい
る。The polyamide resin having a structural unit represented by form [I] or (n) above may be 9-nylon, which is a polymer of aminononanoic acid, or 11, which is a polymer of ω-aminoundecanoic acid. - Nylon, 12-nylon, which is a ring-opening polymer of laurolactam, 6°10-nylon, 6.12-nylon, which is a polymer of hexamethylene diamine, sebacic acid, and dodecanedicarboxylic acid, and dimer with the above alkylene diamine. Polyamide resins which are polymers with acids are preferred. The above-mentioned polyamide resin has low hygroscopicity and, unlike conventional olefin polymers, has excellent transparency, sharpness, and mechanical strength of toner images.
上記ポリアミド樹脂は、一種または二種以上混合して用
いられる。The above polyamide resins may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
上記ポリアミド樹脂は、使用する結着樹脂や他の添加剤
等に応じて適宜量使用しうるが、前記結着樹脂100重
量部に対して1〜20重量部、特に、5〜10重量部添
加されているものが好ましい。ポリアミド樹脂の含有量
が1重量部未満であるとオフセット現象を充分に防止す
ることができず、20重量部を超えると特にベタ部にお
いて薄く白抜けしたような画像むらが生じる傾向にある
。The above polyamide resin can be used in an appropriate amount depending on the binder resin and other additives used, but it is added in an amount of 1 to 20 parts by weight, particularly 5 to 10 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the binder resin. Preferably. If the content of the polyamide resin is less than 1 part by weight, the offset phenomenon cannot be sufficiently prevented, and if it exceeds 20 parts by weight, image unevenness such as thin white spots tends to occur, especially in solid areas.
また本発明のトナーは複写紙等の支持体の色や表面状態
の影響を受けることなく、メタリックな光沢を得るため
、前記薄片状物質を含有させる点にも特徴を有している
。この薄片状物質は、薄片状の基質が黒色酸化チタン層
及び所定厚さの酸化チタン層で順次被覆され、断面サン
ドインチ構造を有している。なお、上記酸化チタンそう
の膜厚を調整することにより、上記薄片状物質に入射し
た光のうち、透過光は前記黒色酸化チタン層で吸収され
ると共に、前記酸化チタン層で多重反射した反射こう干
渉により、前記酸化チタン層の膜厚に応じた特有の干渉
色、メタリック光沢を呈する。Further, the toner of the present invention is characterized in that it contains the above-mentioned flaky substance in order to obtain metallic luster without being affected by the color or surface condition of the support such as copy paper. This flaky material has a sand-inch structure in cross section, in which a flaky substrate is sequentially coated with a black titanium oxide layer and a titanium oxide layer of a predetermined thickness. By adjusting the film thickness of the titanium oxide layer, the transmitted light of the light incident on the flaky material is absorbed by the black titanium oxide layer, and the reflected light that is multiple-reflected by the titanium oxide layer is absorbed by the black titanium oxide layer. Due to interference, the titanium oxide layer exhibits a unique interference color and metallic luster depending on its thickness.
即ち、反射率のピークが鋭く鮮明な干渉色、メタリック
光沢を生ずる。特に、前記酸化チタン層が屈折率の大き
な酸化チタンで構成されているので。In other words, the peak of the reflectance is sharp and clear interference color and metallic luster are produced. Especially since the titanium oxide layer is made of titanium oxide with a large refractive index.
上記干渉色、メタリック色がより一層強くなる。The interference color and metallic color become even stronger.
なお、上記薄片状物質の一次干渉色と、酸化チタン層の
膜厚との関係を示すと次の通りである。The relationship between the primary interference color of the flaky material and the thickness of the titanium oxide layer is as follows.
(以下この頁記載なし)
上記薄片状物質は、薄片状であればよく、例えば硫酸バ
リウム、層状ケイ酸塩、層状アルミノケイ酸塩等であっ
てもよいが、鉛白の六角板状結晶、グアニンの結晶、魚
の鱗片、特に、雲母(マイカ)が好ましい。また基質の
厚さと長さと比を示すアスペクト比は、1:10〜1:
50程度の範囲にあることが好ましく、この点でも雲母
が優れている。なお、薄片状物質としては、平均粒径5
〜20μmを有するものが好ましい。(No description on this page below) The above-mentioned flaky substance may be any flaky substance, such as barium sulfate, layered silicate, layered aluminosilicate, etc., but may include white lead hexagonal plate crystals, guanine crystals, fish scales, and especially mica are preferred. In addition, the aspect ratio, which indicates the ratio between the thickness and length of the substrate, is 1:10 to 1:
It is preferably in the range of about 50, and mica is also excellent in this respect. Note that the flaky material has an average particle size of 5
Preferably, it has a diameter of ~20 μm.
また、前記薄片状基質を被覆する黒色酸化チタン層は、
薄片状基質に入射した光のうち、前記酸化チタン層を透
過した光を吸収する膜厚を有していればよい。なお、上
記黒色酸化チタン層は、例えば、酸化チタンを高温にて
還元することにより得られ、−形式Ti、O□。−1で
表される低次酸化チタンのうち、n=2〜5程度の酸化
度を有するものである。Further, the black titanium oxide layer covering the flaky substrate is
It is sufficient that the film has a thickness that absorbs the light transmitted through the titanium oxide layer among the light incident on the flaky substrate. The black titanium oxide layer is obtained, for example, by reducing titanium oxide at a high temperature, and has the -format Ti, O□. Among the lower titanium oxides represented by -1, it has an oxidation degree of about n=2 to 5.
また、上記最外層の酸化チタン層の膜厚は、メタリック
光沢と要求される干渉色の程度によって適宜調整するこ
とができるが、薄片状物質中の酸化チタン層の比率が、
10〜60重量%、特に、30〜50重量%のものが好
ましい。酸化チタンの量が上記範囲を外れると、干渉色
を得るに必要な前記光学的厚さ、幾何学的厚さが得難い
。The thickness of the titanium oxide layer as the outermost layer can be adjusted as appropriate depending on the degree of metallic gloss and interference color required, but the ratio of the titanium oxide layer in the flaky material is
10 to 60% by weight, especially 30 to 50% by weight is preferred. If the amount of titanium oxide is outside the above range, it will be difficult to obtain the optical thickness and geometric thickness necessary to obtain interference colors.
上記薄片状物質は、従来のパール顔料等と比較して、色
差が小さく隠蔽率が大きい。即ち、従来の金色パール顔
料がハンターの式による色差16゜6程度を示すのに対
して、上記薄片状基質として雲母を用いた場合、上記薄
片状物質は色差2.1程度である。また、薄片状物質は
、薄片状の基質と黒色酸化チタン層、酸化チタン層とで
形成されているので、粉塵爆発等の恐れがないばかりか
、耐光性、耐熱性に優れ、光線、熱、コロナ放電、オゾ
ン等に対しても極めて安定であり、I−ナー用材料とし
て好適である。The flaky material has a small color difference and a high hiding rate compared to conventional pearl pigments and the like. That is, while conventional golden pearl pigments show a color difference of about 16.6 according to Hunter's equation, when mica is used as the flaky substrate, the flaky material has a color difference of about 2.1. In addition, since the flaky material is formed of a flaky substrate, a black titanium oxide layer, and a titanium oxide layer, it not only has no risk of dust explosion, but also has excellent light resistance and heat resistance. It is extremely stable against corona discharge, ozone, etc., and is suitable as an I-ner material.
上記薄片状物質は、トナーの特性を損なわない範囲で適
宜の粒径を有していればよいが、1〜40μm、特に5
〜30μmの平均粒径を有するものが好ましい。薄片状
物質の粒径が1μm未満であると、メタリックな光沢が
失われる傾向があり、40μmを超えると得られたトナ
ーの表面に前記薄片状物質が露呈し、トナー特性が劣化
したり、トナーに適した粒径のものを製造することが困
難となる。The above-mentioned flaky substance may have an appropriate particle size within a range that does not impair the characteristics of the toner, but is preferably 1 to 40 μm, particularly 5 μm
Those having an average particle size of ~30 μm are preferred. If the particle size of the flaky substance is less than 1 μm, the metallic luster tends to be lost, and if it exceeds 40 μm, the flaky substance is exposed on the surface of the resulting toner, resulting in deterioration of toner properties or damage to the toner. It becomes difficult to produce particles with a suitable particle size.
前記薄片状物質は、トナー中、1〜40重量%、特に5
〜30重量%含有されているものが好ましい。薄片状物
質が1重量%未満であると、メタリックな色調を得難く
、40重量%を超えると経済的に不利になると共に、均
質なトナーを得難くなる。The flaky substance may be present in an amount of 1 to 40% by weight, especially 5% by weight in the toner.
Preferably, the content is 30% by weight. When the amount of flaky material is less than 1% by weight, it is difficult to obtain a metallic color tone, and when it exceeds 40% by weight, it becomes economically disadvantageous and it becomes difficult to obtain a homogeneous toner.
本発明のメタリックトナーは、上記の組成で基本的に構
成されるが、鮮やかな発色を得るため、上記薄片状物質
と共に、着色剤を併用するのが好ましい。The metallic toner of the present invention basically has the above composition, but in order to obtain vivid coloring, it is preferable to use a coloring agent together with the flaky material.
上記着色剤としては、例えば、クロムイエロー(C,1
,No、14090 ) 、ハンザイエロー(C,1,
No。As the coloring agent, for example, chrome yellow (C,1
, No. 14090), Hansa Yellow (C, 1,
No.
11660.11680等)、スレンイエローG(C,
1,No。11660.11680 etc.), Suren Yellow G (C,
1.No.
70600 ) 、キノリンイエロー(C,1,No、
47005 )、パーマネントオレンジG T R(C
,1,No、12305 ) 、ピラゾロンオレンジ(
C,1,No、21110 )、ウォッチヤングレッド
(C,1,No、15865 )、パーマネントレッド
(C,1,No、12310 )、ブリリアントヵーミ
ン3B(C,1,No、16105 ) 、ブリリアン
トヵーミン6B(C,1,No、15850 )、デュ
ポンオイルレッド(C,1,No。70600), Quinoline Yellow (C,1,No,
47005), Permanent Orange GTR (C
, 1, No. 12305), Pyrazolone Orange (
C, 1, No, 21110), Watch Young Red (C, 1, No, 15865), Permanent Red (C, 1, No, 12310), Brilliant Carmine 3B (C, 1, No, 16105), Brilliant Tocarmine 6B (C, 1, No. 15850), DuPont Oil Red (C, 1, No.
26105 >、ピラゾ1m) 7 L/ 7ド(C,
1,No、21120 )、リソールレソド(C,1,
No、15630 )、ローダミンBレーキ(C,1,
No、45170 )、レーキレッドC(C,I。26105 >, pyrazo 1m) 7 L/ 7 de (C,
1, No. 21120), Lysol Resodo (C, 1,
No. 15630), Rhodamine B Lake (C, 1,
No. 45170), Lake Red C (C, I.
No、15585 )、ローズベンガノ喧C,1,No
、45435 )、アニリンブルー(C,I、No、5
0405 )、ウルトラマリンブルー(C,1,No、
77103 )、カルコオイルブルー(C,1,No、
azoec Blue 3 )、メチレンブルークロラ
イド(C,1,No、52015 )、フタロシアニン
ブルー(C,1,No、74160 )、フタロシアニ
ングリーン (C,1,No、74260 )、マラカ
イドグリーンオクザレート(C,T、No、42000
)等、またはC,1,5olvent Yellow
60 、C,1,5olvent Red 27、C,
1,5olvent Blue35等の油溶性染料など
が例示される。これらの着色剤は、発色を鮮明にし、上
記メタリック光沢を阻害しないよう透明性を有するもの
が好ましい。No, 15585), Rose Bengano C, 1, No
, 45435), Aniline Blue (C, I, No, 5
0405), Ultramarine Blue (C, 1, No.
77103), Calco Oil Blue (C, 1, No.
azoec Blue 3), methylene blue chloride (C, 1, No, 52015), phthalocyanine blue (C, 1, No, 74160), phthalocyanine green (C, 1, No, 74260), malachide green oxalate (C, T.No.42000
) etc., or C,1,5olvent Yellow
60, C, 1,5olvent Red 27, C,
Examples include oil-soluble dyes such as 1,5olvent Blue35. It is preferable that these colorants have transparency so that the color development becomes clear and the above-mentioned metallic luster is not inhibited.
また、これらの着色剤は、一種または二種以上混合して
用いられ、十分な画像濃度が得られる量、例えば、1〜
30重量%、好ましくは、2〜20重量%用いられる。In addition, these colorants may be used alone or in a mixture of two or more, and in an amount that provides sufficient image density, for example, 1 to 2 or more.
30% by weight, preferably 2-20% by weight.
また、メタリックトナーの電荷を制御するため、上記ト
ナーは、他の添加剤として電荷制御剤を含有しているも
のが好ましい。上記電荷制御剤としては、例えば、ニグ
ロシン染料(C,1,No、50415B、オイルブラ
ンク(C91,No、26150 )、スビロンブラソ
ク等の油溶性染料や、ナフテン酸、サリチル酸、オクチ
ル酸、脂肪酸や樹脂酸のマンガン、鉄、コバルト、鉛、
亜鉛、セリウム、カルシウム、ニッケル等の金属塩であ
る金属石鹸等あるいは含金属アゾ染料、ピリミジン化合
物、アルキルサリチル酸金属キレート等が例示され、前
記トナー当り0.1〜10重量% 含有しているのが好
ましい。Further, in order to control the charge of the metallic toner, the toner preferably contains a charge control agent as another additive. Examples of the charge control agent include oil-soluble dyes such as nigrosine dye (C, 1, No., 50415B, oil blank (C91, No., 26150), and Subiron Burasoku), naphthenic acid, salicylic acid, octylic acid, fatty acids, and resin acids. manganese, iron, cobalt, lead,
Examples include metal soaps that are metal salts of zinc, cerium, calcium, nickel, etc., metal-containing azo dyes, pyrimidine compounds, alkylsalicylic acid metal chelates, etc., and they are contained in an amount of 0.1 to 10% by weight per toner. preferable.
また、トナーに導電性を付与するため、トナーは各種の
導電性付与剤を含有していてもよい。Further, in order to impart conductivity to the toner, the toner may contain various conductivity imparting agents.
なお、感光体を保護するため、上記メタリックトナーに
、脂肪酸金属塩を添加してもよい。上記脂肪酸金属塩の
脂肪酸としては、炭素数8〜36飽和または不飽和脂肪
酸、例えば、カプリル酸、カプリン酸、ウンデシル酸、
ラウリン酸、トリデシル酸、ミリスチン酸、パルミチル
酸、ステアリン酸、ベヘン酸、リグノセリン酸、セロチ
ン酸、モンタン酸、オレイン酸、エライジン酸、リノー
ル酸、リルン酸、エルカ酸、リシルイン酸、ジヒドロキ
システアリン酸、環状脂肪酸、三塩基性酸、あるいは上
記不飽和脂肪酸のうち、飽和脂肪酸、特にステアリン酸
が好ましい。Note that, in order to protect the photoreceptor, a fatty acid metal salt may be added to the metallic toner. The fatty acids in the fatty acid metal salts include saturated or unsaturated fatty acids having 8 to 36 carbon atoms, such as caprylic acid, capric acid, undecylic acid,
Lauric acid, tridecylic acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, behenic acid, lignoceric acid, cerotic acid, montanic acid, oleic acid, elaidic acid, linoleic acid, linolic acid, erucic acid, lysyllic acid, dihydroxystearic acid, cyclic Among fatty acids, tribasic acids, and the above-mentioned unsaturated fatty acids, saturated fatty acids, particularly stearic acid, are preferred.
また、上記脂肪酸金属塩の金属としては、亜鉛、鉛、鉄
、銅、錫、カドミニウム、アルミニウム、カルシウム、
マグネシウム、ニッケル、コバルト、マンガン、リチウ
ム、バリウム等各種の金属が例示できる。In addition, the metals of the fatty acid metal salts include zinc, lead, iron, copper, tin, cadmium, aluminum, calcium,
Examples include various metals such as magnesium, nickel, cobalt, manganese, lithium, and barium.
上記脂肪酸金属塩は、粉体トナー100重量部に対して
、0.01〜10重量部添加される。The fatty acid metal salt is added in an amount of 0.01 to 10 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the powder toner.
また、トナーの流動性を改良するため、上記メタリック
トナーに対して、疎水性コロイド状シリカ、アルミナ等
の流動性付与剤を添加したものが。Furthermore, in order to improve the fluidity of the toner, a fluidity imparting agent such as hydrophobic colloidal silica or alumina is added to the above metallic toner.
好ましい。上記流動性付与剤は、平均粒径5〜100m
μ、特に、10〜30mμを有するものが好ましく、具
体的には、日本アエロジル社製商品名「アエロジルR9
72J (平均粒径16mμ)[アルミニウムオキサ
イドCJ (平均粒径20mμ)等が例示できる。こ
れらの流動性付与剤は、粉体トナー100重量部に対し
て、0.01〜10重量部添加される。preferable. The above fluidity imparting agent has an average particle size of 5 to 100 m.
μ, especially those having a μ of 10 to 30 mμ are preferable, specifically, the product name “Aerosil R9” manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co.
Examples include aluminum oxide CJ (average particle size 20 mμ) and 72J (average particle size 16 mμ). These fluidity imparting agents are added in an amount of 0.01 to 10 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the powder toner.
また、メタリックトナーは、シランカップリング剤、シ
リコーンやフッ素化合物でトナー表面が処理されていて
もよい。さらには、上記の粉体トナーは、所望により、
トナーの流動性をよくするため、熱処理によりトナーの
角部等を滑らかにしでもよい。Further, the surface of the metallic toner may be treated with a silane coupling agent, silicone, or a fluorine compound. Furthermore, the above-mentioned powder toner may optionally include:
In order to improve the fluidity of the toner, the corners and the like of the toner may be smoothed by heat treatment.
上記のメタリックトナーは、平均粒径5〜50μmを有
しており、二成分系トナーとして特に好適である。なお
、二成分系トナーとして用いる場合には、鉄粉、ガラス
ピーズ等のキャリアと混合し、現像剤とする。なお、上
記キャリアとしては、ガラスピーズや酸化または未酸化
の鉄粉等の無被覆キャリア、または鉄、ニッケル、コバ
ルト、フェライト等の磁性体をアクリル系重合体、フッ
素系重合体、ポリエステル等の重合体で被覆した被
、環キャリアが用いられ、通常、50〜2000μmの
粒径を有している。また、上記トナーとキャリアとから
なる現像剤を用いる場合、トナーは、通常2〜10重量
%用いられる。The above metallic toner has an average particle size of 5 to 50 μm and is particularly suitable as a two-component toner. When used as a two-component toner, it is mixed with a carrier such as iron powder or glass beads to form a developer. The above-mentioned carrier may be an uncoated carrier such as glass beads or oxidized or unoxidized iron powder, or a magnetic material such as iron, nickel, cobalt, or ferrite, and a polymer such as acrylic polymer, fluorine polymer, or polyester. The coating covered by the coalescence
, a ring carrier is used and usually has a particle size of 50 to 2000 μm. Further, when a developer consisting of the above toner and carrier is used, the toner is usually used in an amount of 2 to 10% by weight.
以下に、上記薄片状物質の一製造方法について説明する
。Below, one method for producing the above-mentioned flaky material will be explained.
先ず、薄片状基質を含有するスラリー中で、(11Ti
C14等の可溶性チタン化合物をアルカリ性の条件化加
水分解し、T i (OH) 4を前記薄片状基質に
沈着させ、加熱してTiO□で前記基質を被覆するか、
(21T i OS Oaの存在下で加熱し、生成した
TiO2で被覆する。次いで、金属チタン層を混合し加
熱して還元したり、水素雰囲気下で加熱還元することに
より、黒色Ti0z層を形成する。そして、基質の上記
黒色TiO□層に、再度上記(1)または(2)の方法
を適用し、所望層厚のT i 02層を形成することに
より、前記薄片状物質を製造することができる。なお、
上記最外層のT i 02層の膜厚は、前記薄片状基質
と可溶性チタン化合物等との割合や、反応時間等の条件
を変えることにより調整することができる。First, in a slurry containing a flaky substrate, (11Ti
alkaline conditioned hydrolysis of a soluble titanium compound such as C14 to deposit Ti(OH)4 onto the flaky substrate and heating to coat the substrate with TiO□;
(Heating in the presence of 21T i OS Oa and coating with the generated TiO2. Next, a metal titanium layer is mixed and heated to reduce, or by heating and reducing in a hydrogen atmosphere, a black TiOz layer is formed. Then, the flaky material can be manufactured by applying the method (1) or (2) above again to the black TiO□ layer of the substrate to form a TiO2 layer with a desired thickness. Yes, you can.
The thickness of the outermost T i 02 layer can be adjusted by changing the ratio of the flaky substrate to the soluble titanium compound, reaction time, and other conditions.
次に、本発明のメタリックトナーの製造方法について簡
単に説明する。Next, the method for manufacturing the metallic toner of the present invention will be briefly explained.
まず、結着樹脂、薄片状物質、着色剤、ポリアミド樹脂
等を混合し、熱ロール、エクストクルーダー等の加熱混
練機を用いて混線分散し、ハンマーミル、ジエ’7トミ
ル等の粉砕機により粉砕すると共に、所定の粒径に揃え
るため分級機により分級する。この方法では、混線分散
、粉砕時に薄片状物質が粉砕されて微粒子化しないよう
に注意する必要がある。First, binder resin, flaky material, coloring agent, polyamide resin, etc. are mixed, cross-dispersed using a heated kneader such as a hot roll or an extruder, and then mixed and dispersed using a pulverizer such as a hammer mill or die'7 mill. In addition to pulverizing, the particles are classified using a classifier in order to obtain a predetermined particle size. In this method, care must be taken to prevent the flaky material from being crushed into fine particles during cross-dispersion and crushing.
また、前記結着樹脂を適当な溶媒に溶解し、この結着樹
脂溶液に前記薄片状物質等を分散させ、分散液を噴霧乾
燥させて所定の粒径に造粒する噴霧乾燥によっても製造
することができる。この方法は薄片状物質が破壊されな
い点で優れている。Alternatively, it can also be produced by spray drying, in which the binder resin is dissolved in an appropriate solvent, the flaky material, etc. is dispersed in this binder resin solution, and the dispersion is spray-dried to granulate it to a predetermined particle size. be able to. This method is advantageous in that the flaky material is not destroyed.
更には、薄片状物質等の他に、前記単量体を含有する重
合性分散液等を用い、懸濁または乳化重合させる重合法
によっても製造することができる。Furthermore, in addition to flaky materials, it can also be produced by a polymerization method in which suspension or emulsion polymerization is performed using a polymerizable dispersion containing the monomer.
なお、上記のようにして得られたメタリックトナーと、
前記キャリアとを混合したり、所望により、前記脂肪酸
金属塩などを添加する場合、ボールミル、■型混合機等
適宜の混合機が用いられる。In addition, the metallic toner obtained as above,
When mixing with the carrier or, if desired, adding the fatty acid metal salt, an appropriate mixer such as a ball mill or type mixer is used.
本発明のメタリックトナーは、従来公知の現像方法、例
えば、毛ブラシ現像法、磁気ブラシ現像法、カスケード
現像法により現像される。The metallic toner of the present invention is developed by a conventionally known developing method, such as a bristle brush developing method, a magnetic brush developing method, or a cascade developing method.
(実施例)
現像剤1 (本発明)
スチレン−アクリル共重合体(XPA−525、三井東
圧工業社商品名)100重量部、光学的厚さ310nm
を有する最外層の酸化チタン層(40〜45重量部%)
が形成された薄片状物質15重量部、オフセット防止剤
としての12−ナイロンの構造単位を有するポリアミド
樹脂(X4434、ダイセル・ヒュルス社製商品名)3
重量部、電荷制御剤(ボントロンE−82、オリエンタ
ル化学工業社製商品名)3重量部を用いてメタリックト
ナーを作製した。即ち、ホモミキザーを用いて上記材料
の混合物をトルエン300重量部中に溶解分散させた後
、噴霧乾燥法により、球形のメタリックトナーを得た。(Example) Developer 1 (Invention) Styrene-acrylic copolymer (XPA-525, trade name of Mitsui Toatsu Kogyo Co., Ltd.) 100 parts by weight, optical thickness 310 nm
an outermost titanium oxide layer having (40 to 45 parts by weight)
15 parts by weight of a flaky substance formed with 15 parts by weight of a polyamide resin having a 12-nylon structural unit as an offset inhibitor (X4434, trade name manufactured by Daicel-Hüls) 3
A metallic toner was prepared using 3 parts by weight of a charge control agent (Bontron E-82, trade name manufactured by Oriental Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.). That is, a mixture of the above materials was dissolved and dispersed in 300 parts by weight of toluene using a homomixer, and then a spherical metallic toner was obtained by spray drying.
この粉末を分級し、5〜50μmの粒径を有するメタリ
ックトナーを得た。This powder was classified to obtain a metallic toner having a particle size of 5 to 50 μm.
次いで、上記メタリックトナー100重量部に対して、
疎水性シリカ微粒子(アエロジルR972、日本アエロ
ジル社製商品名)を0.3重量部添加・混合し、この混
合物25gとフェライトキャリア(F−141−153
0、日本鉄粉社製商品名)500gとを混合し、現像剤
を作製した。Next, based on 100 parts by weight of the above metallic toner,
Add and mix 0.3 parts by weight of hydrophobic silica fine particles (Aerosil R972, trade name manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd.), and add 25 g of this mixture and ferrite carrier (F-141-153).
0, trade name manufactured by Nippon Tetsuko Co., Ltd.) were mixed to prepare a developer.
現像剤2 (比較例1)
上記実施例1のポリアミド樹脂(X4434)に代えて
、ポリオレフィン(ビスコール550P、三洋化成社製
)を用いる以外は、実施例1と同様にして現像剤を作製
した。Developer 2 (Comparative Example 1) A developer was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that polyolefin (Viscol 550P, manufactured by Sanyo Chemical Co., Ltd.) was used in place of the polyamide resin (X4434) of Example 1 above.
現像剤3 (比較例2)
上記比較例2の薄片状物質に代えて、青色の干渉色を呈
する雲母チタン15重量部用いる以外は、実施例1と同
様にして現像剤を作製した。Developer 3 (Comparative Example 2) A developer was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that 15 parts by weight of titanium mica, which exhibits a blue interference color, was used in place of the flaky material of Comparative Example 2.
これらの現像剤を複写機DC−111(三田工業製)に
入れて複写したところ、実施例Iは、比較例1のものよ
りも鮮やかな青色のメタリック光沢を有する画像が得ら
れ、多数枚複写しても、画像特性及びトナー、現像剤特
性が劣化しなかった。When these developers were put into a copying machine DC-111 (manufactured by Sanda Kogyo) and copied, Example I produced an image with a more vivid blue metallic luster than that of Comparative Example 1, and a large number of copies were made. However, the image characteristics and toner and developer characteristics did not deteriorate.
また、連続複写を行ってもヒートローラへのトナーのオ
フセント現像は発生しなかった。次に同じ現像剤を使用
して黄色の複写紙に複写したところ、複写紙の影響を受
けることなく、上記と同様 のメタリック光沢を呈した
。Further, even when continuous copying was performed, no off-center development of toner on the heat roller occurred. When the image was then copied onto yellow copy paper using the same developer, it exhibited the same metallic luster as above without being affected by the copy paper.
比較例2のものは、黄色の複写紙に複写したところ、画
像は緑色がかったメタリック光沢を呈した。When the image of Comparative Example 2 was copied onto yellow copy paper, the image exhibited a greenish metallic luster.
(発明の効果)
以上のように、本発明のメタリック1〜ナーによれば、
結着樹脂と共に、薄片状の基質が黒色酸化チタン層、所
定膜厚を有する酸化チタン層で順次被覆された薄片状物
質及び離型性を有し、結着樹脂と相溶性の良い特定のポ
リアミド樹脂を含有しているので、支持体の色や表面状
態の影響を受けることなく、鮮明なメタリック光沢を呈
する画像を形成することができる。(Effects of the Invention) As described above, according to Metallics 1 to 2 of the present invention,
Together with the binder resin, a flaky substrate is sequentially coated with a black titanium oxide layer, a titanium oxide layer with a predetermined film thickness, and a specific polyamide that has mold releasability and is highly compatible with the binder resin. Since it contains a resin, it is possible to form an image with a clear metallic luster without being affected by the color or surface condition of the support.
特許出願人 三田工業株式会社Patent applicant: Mita Kogyo Co., Ltd.
Claims (6)
剤としての下記一般式〔 I 〕または〔II〕で表される
構造単位を有するポリアミド樹脂と、薄片状基質が黒色
酸化チタン層及び所定膜厚を有する酸化チタン層で順次
被覆された薄片状物質を含有することを特徴とするメタ
リックトナー組成物。 ▲数式、化学式、表等があります▼〔 I 〕 ▲数式、化学式、表等があります▼〔II〕 (式中、mは8以上の整数、nは2以上の整数、Xは炭
素数8以上の脂肪族炭化水素残基、pは正の整数をそれ
ぞれ示す。)(1) The toner for developing an electrostatic image is composed of a binder resin, a polyamide resin having a structural unit represented by the following general formula [I] or [II] as a release agent, and a flaky substrate that is black oxidized. A metallic toner composition comprising a flaky material sequentially coated with a titanium layer and a titanium oxide layer having a predetermined thickness. ▲There are mathematical formulas, chemical formulas, tables, etc.▼[I] ▲There are mathematical formulas, chemical formulas, tables, etc.▼[II] (In the formula, m is an integer of 8 or more, n is an integer of 2 or more, and X is a carbon number of 8 or more aliphatic hydrocarbon residues, p is a positive integer, respectively.)
請求の範囲第1項記載のメタリックトナー組成物。(2) The metallic toner composition according to claim 1, wherein the toner contains a colorant.
重量%である上記特許請求の範囲第1項記載のメタリッ
クトナー組成物。(3) The ratio of the titanium oxide layer of the flaky material is 10 to 60
% by weight of the metallic toner composition according to claim 1.
記特許請求の範囲第1項記載のメタリックトナー組成物
。(4) The metallic toner composition according to claim 1, wherein the content of the flaky substance is 1 to 40% by weight.
許請求の範囲第1項記載のメタリックトナー組成物。(5) The metallic toner composition according to claim 1, wherein the polyamide resin is 12-nylon.
部に対して1〜20重量部である上記特許請求の範囲第
1項または第5項記載のメタリックトナー組成物。(6) The metallic toner composition according to claim 1 or 5, wherein the content of the polyamide resin is 1 to 20 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the binder resin.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP62268954A JPH01112254A (en) | 1987-10-23 | 1987-10-23 | Metallic toner composition |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP62268954A JPH01112254A (en) | 1987-10-23 | 1987-10-23 | Metallic toner composition |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH01112254A true JPH01112254A (en) | 1989-04-28 |
Family
ID=17465604
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP62268954A Pending JPH01112254A (en) | 1987-10-23 | 1987-10-23 | Metallic toner composition |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPH01112254A (en) |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5753392A (en) * | 1995-08-24 | 1998-05-19 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Method of electrostatically printing image-enhancing particles and said particles |
US6979523B1 (en) * | 1995-04-07 | 2005-12-27 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, Lp | Toner material and method utilizing same |
WO2006056402A1 (en) * | 2004-11-22 | 2006-06-01 | Eckart Gmbh & Co. Kg | Dry toner, method for the production thereof and use thereof |
JP2009209367A (en) * | 2008-03-03 | 2009-09-17 | Xerox Corp | Pigment particle, developer, and method for producing pigment particle |
CN103838119A (en) * | 2012-11-26 | 2014-06-04 | 富士施乐株式会社 | Fixing device and image forming apparatus |
JP2016057336A (en) * | 2014-09-05 | 2016-04-21 | 富士ゼロックス株式会社 | Image forming apparatus |
-
1987
- 1987-10-23 JP JP62268954A patent/JPH01112254A/en active Pending
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6979523B1 (en) * | 1995-04-07 | 2005-12-27 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, Lp | Toner material and method utilizing same |
US5753392A (en) * | 1995-08-24 | 1998-05-19 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Method of electrostatically printing image-enhancing particles and said particles |
US5910388A (en) * | 1995-08-24 | 1999-06-08 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Co. | Method of electrostatically printing image-enhancing particles and said particles |
WO2006056402A1 (en) * | 2004-11-22 | 2006-06-01 | Eckart Gmbh & Co. Kg | Dry toner, method for the production thereof and use thereof |
US7955772B2 (en) | 2004-11-22 | 2011-06-07 | Eckart Gmbh | Dry toner, processes for the production thereof, and the use thereof |
JP2009209367A (en) * | 2008-03-03 | 2009-09-17 | Xerox Corp | Pigment particle, developer, and method for producing pigment particle |
CN103838119A (en) * | 2012-11-26 | 2014-06-04 | 富士施乐株式会社 | Fixing device and image forming apparatus |
JP2014106280A (en) * | 2012-11-26 | 2014-06-09 | Fuji Xerox Co Ltd | Fixing device, and image forming apparatus |
CN103838119B (en) * | 2012-11-26 | 2017-05-17 | 富士施乐株式会社 | Fixing device and image forming apparatus |
JP2016057336A (en) * | 2014-09-05 | 2016-04-21 | 富士ゼロックス株式会社 | Image forming apparatus |
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