JPH01104882A - Low foamable refining penetrant composition - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To prepare a sparingly foaming, scouring penetrant composition excellent in wet penetrating power and detergency and used in a dyeing and finishing process by mixing a specific aqueous nonionic surfactant with a specific ethylene oxide adduct of a phosphoric ester. CONSTITUTION: This sparingly foaming, scouring penetrant composition excellent in penetrating power, detergency and emulsifying power is prepared by mixing (A) an aqueous nonionic surfactant of formula I [wherein, R is a >=6C alkyl, alkenyl, cyclohexyl or the like; A is an alkylene; (n) is a positive integer] with (B) a compound of formula II [wherein, R is a >=6C alkyl, alkenyl, cyclohexyl or the like; (n) is 1-10], e.g. an ethylene oxide adduct of an alkyl phosphate in a weight content ratio (the component A/the component B) of (10/90)-(80/20), preferably (30/70)-(80/20).

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention provides a low-foaming scouring penetrant composition for use in fiber dyeing processes that has low foaming properties and has excellent wet penetration power and detergency. relating to things.

[Prior Art] Surfactants are used for various purposes, but many of the conventionally known surfactants have a high foaming power, and therefore, in various industrial applications, they pose various problems during and after use. This is due to the fact that in industrial applications, large-scale, mechanically-intensive methods are usually used, and foaming becomes an impediment to speeding up the processing process.

For example, surfactants are used as scouring penetrants, leveling agents, etc. in the scouring, bleaching, and dyeing processes in the textile industry, but their foaming power is low due to rationalization and high efficiency of the process.
Products with high penetration and cleaning power are required. In particular, liquid jet dyeing machines are rapidly becoming popular due to their advantages such as shortened delivery times, high-mix, low-volume production, and other advantages such as time reduction and low bath ratio. The liquid is sprayed onto the cloth from a nozzle, and the force of the liquid is used to circulate the cloth, creating conditions that make it extremely easy to foam, making it impossible to use conventional surfactants with high foaming power, and making it difficult to treat wastewater. Foaming of surfactants has become a major problem.

Conventionally, various methods have been tried to suppress the foaming of surfactants, but they can be roughly divided into the following three methods: ■ A method of suppressing foaming by adding an antifoaming agent; ■ A method of suppressing foaming by adding a surfactant. A method of creating a special structure with less foaming; ■ A method of reducing foaming by blending two or more types of surfactants.

[Problem to be solved by the invention 1 Among the above methods, the first method is effective in some cases, but since most antifoaming agents are water-insoluble, they produce floating substances, which can cause problems due to their adhesion. Regarding the second method, which is more likely to occur, various structures have been proposed, such as polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether, polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene alkylphenyl ether, etc., but Low-foaming products have relatively poor performance in terms of detergency, penetration, emulsification, etc., and therefore have the disadvantage that the fields in which they can be used are limited. In the third method, a method with a large specific axial effect is a method of mixing a surfactant with a large surfactant ability and a surfactant with an antifoaming effect, but conventionally known formulations of this type A product with sufficiently low foaming properties and excellent surface activity has not been obtained.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to obtain a scouring penetrant composition that has low foaming properties and is also excellent in penetrating power, detergent power, and emulsifying power.

[Means for Solving the Problems] The present inventors have worked diligently to eliminate these drawbacks and obtain a low-foaming scouring penetrant composition that has low foaming power and excellent penetration, detergency, and emulsifying power. As a result of research, it was found that when an ethylene oxide adduct of a specific phosphate ester is blended with a polyoxyalkylene ether type nonionic surfactant, the polyoxyalkylene ether has sufficiently low foaming properties and has useful properties as a surfactant. The present inventors have discovered that there is almost no difference from the case of using an oxyalkylene ether type nonionic surfactant alone, and have completed the present invention.

That is, the present invention provides at least (a) the following general formula (1)
RO(A O)nH (wherein, R represents an alkyl group, alkenyl group, cycloalkyl group, or alkylphenyl group having 6 or more carbon atoms, A represents one or more alkylene groups, and n is (a positive number), and (b) the following general formula (2) (% formula %) (wherein R is an alkyl group having 6 or more carbon atoms, an alkenyl group, a cyclo represents an alkyl group or an alkylphenyl group,
Each R group may be the same or different, n
is 1 to 10),
Weight mixing ratio of water-soluble nonionic surfactant (a) and compound (b) (a):(b)=10:90-80:2
It relates to a low-foaming M-ridge penetrant composition having a low foaming property of 0.

[Function] The present inventors have previously proposed a surfactant containing an ethylene oxide activated product of a dialkyl (or alkenyl) phosphate ester as an essential component for a low-foaming surfactant composition. However, as a result of a more detailed study of the compound, it was found that by blending it with a general polyoxyalkylene ether type nonionic surfactant in a specific ratio, foaming is extremely low and it has good surfactant properties over a wide temperature range. It has been found that it has a very good properties as a scouring penetrant. Although the mechanism for this phenomenon is not always clear, dialkyl (or alkenyl)
It is thought that the ethylene oxide adduct of phosphoric acid ester has good surfactant ability and also has an antifoaming effect against common nonionic surfactants.

In the present invention, the water-soluble nonionic surfactant (ether type nonionic surfactant) (a) represented by the general formula (1) is an alcohol or phenol to which one or more alkylene oxides are added. There are polyoxyalkylene alkyl ethers, polyoxyalkylene alkyl phenyl ethers, etc., but at least one of the alkylene oxides used is preferably ethylene oxide, and the addition method is either random or block. May be - maximum (1)
Specific examples of surfactants represented by are hexanol,
2-ethylhexanol, octatool, decanol,
Alcohols such as dodecanol, tridecanol, tetradecanol, hexadecanol, oleyl alcohol, phenols such as phenylphenol, octylphenol, nonylphenol, dodecylphenol, cumylphenol, styrenated phenol, ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylene oxide, etc. Examples include compounds to which one or more alkylene oxides selected from the following are added.

Compound (b) represented by general formula (2) used in the present invention
) can be synthesized by various methods, such as adding ethylene oxide to a phosphoric acid diester obtained by reacting alcohols or phenols with phosphoric anhydride using a known method.

In addition, during the synthesis of phosphoric acid diester, monoester and triester are produced as by-products. Although these compounds do not necessarily need to be removed, triesters have almost no surface-active properties such as penetrating power or detergency, and ethylene oxide adducts of monoesters are also inferior to ethylene oxide adducts of diesters in these surface-active properties. Therefore, it is preferable to suppress the formation of monophosphate and triphosphate as much as possible.Also, in this case, the optimum number of moles of ethylene oxide to be added differs depending on the alcohol and phenol used, but it is 1 to 1.
10 moles, preferably 1 to 5 moles, is good; if the amount is more than this, the antifoaming power will decrease, and the penetration power and detergency will decrease.

The alcohol and phenol used preferably have 4 to 22 carbon atoms, and specific examples thereof include hexanol, 2
- Alcohols such as ethylhexanol, octatool, decanol, dodecanol, tridecanol, tetradecanol, hexadecanol, oleyl alcohol, phenylphenol, octylphenol, nonylphenol, dodecylphenol, cumylphenol,
Examples include phenols such as styrenated phenol.

The weight mixing ratio of the water-soluble nonionic surfactant (a) represented by the general formula (1) used in the present invention and the compound (b) represented by -maximum (2) [(a):(b) ] is from 10:90
80: within the range of 20, preferably 30 near 0 to 80
: It can be arbitrarily changed within the range of 20, but it is desirable to adjust it individually depending on the structure and performance requirements such as the degree of foaming required for use.
In addition, if the compounding ratio of compound (b) represented by -maximum (2) is less than 20% by weight, the purpose of low foaming property cannot be achieved,
Moreover, if it exceeds 90% by weight, the characteristics of the water-soluble nonionic surfactant (ether type nonionic surfactant) represented by the general formula (1) cannot be exhibited.

The low-origin scouring penetrant composition of the present invention can be used in a wide range of applications such as fiber dyeing processes where foaming is a problem, but in particular,
It is suitable for jet dyeing machines which require wet penetration power, detergency power, emulsification power, and especially low foaming property. In addition, the low foaming scouring penetrant composition of the present invention can of course be used in combination with acids, alkalis, salts, etc., and may also be used in combination with other surfactants as long as the purpose of the present invention is not impaired. The amount of the low-foaming scouring penetrant composition to be used varies depending on the process and purpose of use, but approximately 0.005 to 5% by weight is dissolved in water and used.

[Examples] Next, the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to Examples, but it should be understood that the present invention is not necessarily limited to the following Examples.

In the following Examples and Comparative Examples, water-soluble nonionic surfactants listed in Table 1 below were used.

In Table 1, R is C+Z~14 secondary alcohol 2-alcohol, Then, an alkyl phosphate ester was obtained. This was subjected to addition polymerization with ethylene oxide at 60 to 90°C to synthesize various ethylene oxide adducts of alkyl phosphate esters as shown in Table 2. In Table 2, the composition of the alkyl phosphate ester was determined by the neutralization titration method, and the average number of moles of ethylene oxide added was determined by the 'H-NMR method.

Synthesis Example of Composition 6 for Comparative Example Addition polymerization of ethylene oxide to the alkyl phosphate ester ethylene oxide adduct of Composition 4 at 90°C,
Composition 6 was obtained with a total of 11.0 moles of adduct.

Each surfactant in Table 3 was used as a conventionally known surfactant having an antifoaming effect.

In Table 3, TMP represents trimethylolpropane residue.

Examples 1 to 11, Comparative Examples 1 to 13 Foaming power, penetrating power, and surface tension were measured for the low foaming scouring penetrant composition of the present invention and the surfactant of the comparative example.

The results are shown in Table 4.

Note that the foaming power was measured by the Ross Miles method, and the penetrating power was measured by the campus disk method.

Moreover, the surface tension was measured using a Kyowa CBVP type surface tension meter manufactured by Kyowa Kagaku Co., Ltd.

As can be seen from Table 4, the surfactant composition of the present invention has superior surfactant properties such as detergency and penetrating power compared to conventional nonionic surfactants (Comparative Examples 1 to 3 and 8 to 10). Despite having significantly lower foaming properties, their penetrating powers are comparable and their ability to lower surface tension is even better. Furthermore, when compared with conventionally known compositions containing surfactants with good antifoaming effects (Comparative Examples 5 to 7, 11 to 13), there is no difference in foaming properties within a practical range, and the ability to lower surface tension is and the penetration power is clearly superior.

1sxiλ218-1IffiNl Nagojime and broad cotton greige were scoured and bleached in a single bath under the following conditions, and the scouring and bleaching properties were examined. The results are shown in Table 5.

Scouring and bleaching conditions〉 Bath ratio: 1:20 Temperature = 85°C Time: 2 30 minutes Blending: 35% hydrogen peroxide, 0.3% by weight sodium metasilicate, 0.311% surfactant composition
0.04% by weight Evaluation> The scouring and bleaching properties were evaluated based on water absorption height and hunter's white skin. First, for the water absorption height, take a test cloth 2 cm wide and 20 cm long from the fabric that has been scoured and bleached, immerse one end of the test cloth in an aqueous solution containing the dye, and after 30 seconds absorb the dye water. The height (c@) was measured. In addition, Hunter's white skin was measured using Digital Color Studio Model CS-101D manufactured by Nihon Heavy Industries Co., Ltd.

The low-foaming scouring penetrant composition of the present invention has a scouring and bleaching property comparable to that of comparatively 1 to 3 surfactants that have been widely used in the past, and has a low foaming property of Comparative Examples 5 to 7. It is clearly superior to surfactant compositions.

[Effects of the Invention] The effects of the present invention are that a low-foaming scouring penetrant composition has been obtained which is low-foaming and has excellent penetration power, detergency, and emulsifying power.

Patent applicant: Asahi Denka Kogyo Co., Ltd.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] At least (a) the following general formula (1) RO(AO)_nH (wherein R represents an alkyl group, alkenyl group, cycloalkyl group, or alkylphenyl group having 6 or more carbon atoms, A represents one or more alkylene groups, n is a positive number) and (b) the following general formula (2) ▲ Numerical formula, chemical formula, table etc.▼ (In the formula, R represents an alkyl group, alkenyl group, cycloalkyl group, or alkylphenyl group having 6 or more carbon atoms,
Each R group may be the same or different, n
is 1 to 10), and the weight mixing ratio of water-soluble nonionic surfactant (a) and compound (b) is (a):(b)=10:90
-80:20 low foaming scouring penetrant composition.