JP7511302B1 - Fire-resistant wooden walls - Google Patents

Abstract

[Problem] To provide a wooden fireproof wall panel that meets a high insulation grade. [Solution] A fireproof wall panel 1 with a fire resistance performance of quasi-fireproof 60 minutes or more, characterized in that it comprises wooden face materials 2 in which a plurality of rectangular wooden shaft members 3 of the same cross section are fastened together in parallel with their axes, these wooden face materials 2 form spaces, a plurality of insulating materials 4 are joined to each wooden face material 2 in the spaces, and these insulating materials 4 are joined together. [Selected drawing] Fig. 1

Description

The present invention relates to a wood-based fireproof wall panel that meets high insulation standards.

Traditionally, wooden buildings are cheaper to build than concrete buildings, but are said to have inferior fire resistance. To increase fire resistance in wooden buildings, the two-by-four construction method or wooden frame construction method is used, which makes it possible to prevent the spread of fire. Furthermore, an insulating layer can be added between the exterior and interior materials, and the insulating material can prevent the spread of fire.

Therefore, a technology has been proposed and disclosed that makes wooden components fire-resistant (Patent Document 1).

JP 2021-38655 A

In order to meet the energy-saving performance requirements set forth in the Act on Promotion of Housing Quality Assurance, etc., insulation according to the insulation grade is required, and the thickness of the insulation material must be kept at a specified level or more. However, the thicker the insulation, the higher the insulation and fire resistance, but the higher the construction costs.
In the example of Patent Document 1, the fire resistance is improved by making the coating layer thicker, but the weight also increases, the number of steps and labor required for construction increases, and construction costs also increase.

The present invention was made in consideration of these circumstances, and aims to provide a wood fireproof wall panel that meets high insulation standards.

In order to achieve the above object, the first aspect of the present invention is a fireproof wall panel having a fire resistance of 60 minutes or more,
A wooden surface material is provided in which a plurality of rectangular wooden shaft members having the same cross-sectional shape are fastened to each other in parallel with their axes,
The wooden panels form spaces between each other,
A plurality of insulating materials are bonded to each wooden panel in the space, and the insulating materials are bonded to each other.

(Action and effect)
According to the first invention, a fireproof wall panel is made by bonding together wooden panels with heat insulating material, and each panel can be assembled in advance at a factory and brought to the site. Since the fireproof wall panel can be constructed on site without assembling each component at the site, construction can be completed on site, which leads to a shortened construction period.

The insulating material may also be configured to include polyisocyanurate foam.

(Action and effect)
According to the above aspect, it is possible to improve the fire resistance of the fire resistant wall panel.

In addition, an insulated wall panel in which 12 mm thick wooden panels are arranged on both sides of a box-shaped insulating material may be configured such that when one of the wooden panels is burned at 850°C, the fire resistance time per 1 mm of the insulating material is 1.2 minutes or more.

(Action and effect)
According to the above aspect, the fire-resistant wall panel can have a semi-fire-resistant structure of 60 minutes or more.

The heat insulating material may also have a water absorption rate of 10% or less.

(Action and effect)
According to the above aspect, it is possible to reduce the water absorption rate and prevent corrosion and mold growth of the insulating material.

Also, a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet or an airtight sheet may be attached to the joint surface between the wooden surface material and the insulating material.

(Action and effect)
According to the above aspect, the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet allows moisture to pass through the insulation material, and the airtight sheet prevents moisture from passing through to the insulation material, thereby preventing corrosion of the insulation material and the growth of mold.

The wooden surface material may also be configured with slits on the back or front of the wood.

(Action and effect)
According to the above aspect, by providing the slits, it is possible to prevent the wood from warping along the back or front of the wood.

The space may also be configured to include pillars arranged parallel to each other at a predetermined distance.

(Action and effect)
By incorporating the pillar material into the insulation layer, the fire-resistant wall panel can be made to have strength as a load-bearing wall, and the insulation material and the pillars can be separated, making it possible to prevent the spread of fire.

The insulating material may be box-shaped, and the area of the joint surface between the joined insulating materials may be smaller than the area of the surface parallel to the joint surface of the insulating materials.

(Action and effect)
According to the above-mentioned aspect, since there are surfaces of the insulation material that are not joined together, the area of contact when joining the fire-resistant wall panels is increased, and this area can be treated with fireproofing to prevent the spread of fire between the fire-resistant wall panels.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of fire-resistant wall panels joined together by insulating material in an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the fire-resistant wall panels of FIG. 1 joined together with a misalignment; This is an oblique view of a fireproof wall panel having a pillar material in a space formed between wooden panels. This is a model diagram of a fireproof wall panel burning in a combustion test. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the wooden shaft material in FIG. 1 with a slit cut therein;

The fireproof wall panel 1 of the present invention will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, the fireproof wall panel 1 is composed of a wooden surface material 2 consisting of multiple wooden shaft members 3, 3 fastened together, and a heat insulating material 4. In FIG. 1, the fireproof wall panel 1 facing the room is referred to as the room side, the fireproof wall panel 1 facing the outside and having a drip edge 11 is referred to as the room side, the ceiling side of the fireproof wall panel 1 is referred to as the upward direction, the floor side as the downward direction, and the ceiling height as the height direction. In this embodiment, a fireproof wall panel used as a wall material will be described as an example.

Example 1
A description will be given of a plant-shaped fireproof wall panel 1 in Example 1 of the present invention. As shown in Fig. 1, a wooden surface material 2 is formed by fastening a plurality of wooden axial members 3, such as laminated lumber, by fastening them together along their axial directions with fasteners such as screws.

The wooden shaft 3 is roughly rectangular and rod-shaped. The length of the wooden surface material 2 in the plane perpendicular to the plane where the wooden shafts 3 are joined is a size that fits within the inside dimensions of each column, and is preferably up to approximately 600 mm. In addition, the wooden surface material 2 can be manufactured in a factory, without being installed on-site.

A space is formed by placing the wooden panels 2 upright on top of each other. This space is filled with insulation material 4, etc., to prevent fire from spreading through the fire-resistant wall panel 1.

Then, on the side of the space in the height direction of the wooden panel 2 (see Figure 1), the insulation material 4 is inserted so as to be fastened to the wooden panel 2 with a tacker, and the fire-resistant wall panel 1 is formed by carving into one wooden panel 2 and the other wooden panel 2 and filling the dowels. The wooden panel 2 is large enough to cover the surface of the insulation material 4, and the insulation material 4 is in the form of a board, which can be manufactured in advance to fit the size of the wooden panel 2.

The insulating material 2 is selected from isocyanurate foam, polystyrene foam, phenol foam, rock wool, glass wool, etc., and it is particularly preferable that the insulating material 4 of the fireproof wall panel 1 contains polyisocyanurate foam. The insulating material 4 is arranged to fill the space, and in this embodiment, the insulating materials 4 are in contact with each other on the opposing surfaces of the wooden surface materials 2.

The fireproof wall panel 1 of this embodiment is used as a foundation beam or underground beam, like a building material. In practice, multiple fireproof wall panels 1, 1 are attached so that they abut against the upper surface of the foundation 10. Specifically, the fireproof wall panel 1 on the exterior side is joined to the foundation 10, which is provided on the rising edge of the foundation 12, by clamping one end of the water drainage 11 so that the wooden surface material 4 covers it. The fireproof wall panel 1 on the interior side is extended until the wooden surface material 4 comes into contact with the floor panel. The water drainage 11 and foundation 12 are the same as those in the other embodiments described below.

The fireproof wall panels 1, 1 installed between the pillars are pressed into place by the ceiling beams, making it possible to separate the outside and inside of the building while maintaining airtightness. In addition, the fireproof wall panel 1 can have an airtight sheet 7 or a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 8 sealed between the wooden surface material 2 and the insulation material 4. The moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 8 allows moisture to pass through the insulation material 4, and the airtight sheet 7 prevents moisture from passing through to the insulation material 4, thereby preventing corrosion and mold growth in the insulation material 4. The choice of which sheets to seal on the inside or outside of the room is optional. The sheets can be selected and sealed as described in the examples below.

In other words, the wooden panels 2 form a space on the foundation 10, and within that space the insulation material 4 is positioned so that it is joined to each wooden panel 2. Furthermore, if the spacing between the columns is known in advance, the fireproof wall panels 1 can be prepared in advance at the factory, and then transported to the construction site for construction, thereby shortening the construction time and labor required.

Example 2
A description will now be given of another embodiment of a fireproof wall panel 1. Unlike the above-mentioned fireproof wall panel 1, as shown in Fig. 2, each of the fireproof wall panels 1, 1 is shifted in a predetermined position in a different direction.

In addition, by giving the insulation material 4 a three-dimensional box-like shape, it is possible to maintain a certain degree of strength and to stand upright on its own without relying on the wooden surface material 2 that forms the space. Furthermore, by shifting the fireproof wall panels 1, when joining the fireproof wall panels 1 together, there are surfaces of the insulation material 4 that are not joined, which increases the contact area when joining the fireproof wall panels 1 together, and this area can be fireproofed to prevent the spread of fire between the fireproof wall panels 1.

Example 3
In this embodiment, as shown in Fig. 3, the pillars 5 are erected so as to separate the insulating materials 4 from each other in the space. The peripheral surface of the pillars 5 is coated with a non-combustible paint, which contributes to the fire resistance of the fireproof wall panel 1. The pillars 5, 5 are arranged at intervals of up to about 1000 meters. In this way, the fireproof wall panels 1, 1 using the pillars 5 as through- or partitions can be strengthened, and in addition, it is possible to construct a wall by combining the fireproof wall panels 1, 1 without using the pillars 5. Furthermore, the separation of the insulating materials 4 and the pillars 5 prevents the spread of fire. That is, since there are surfaces of the insulating materials 4 that are not joined to each other, the contact area when the fireproof wall panels 1 are joined to each other increases, and the spread of fire between the fireproof wall panels 1 can be prevented by fireproofing the corresponding area.

(Fire resistance experiment)
A fire resistance test was conducted on the fireproof wall panel 1 to measure the semi-fireproof index. As shown in Figure 4, the fireproof wall panel 1, which had a heat insulating material sandwiched between two 12 mm thick wooden panels 2, was placed in a brick furnace, and one of the wooden panels 2 was heated with a burner at 850°C. The collapse, cracks and damage were observed until the surface temperature of the unheated side of the wooden panel 2 reached 100°C. Phenol foam and glass wool were used as comparative examples in addition to polyisocyanurate foam.

When the time it takes for the unheated surface of each insulation material to reach 100°C for every 1mm thickness was calculated, it was 0.4 minutes or more for glass wool, 1.0 minute or more for phenolic foam, and 1.2 minutes or more for the others.

The above experiments show that by using polyisocyanurate foam as the insulating material 4, it is possible to create a fire-resistant wall panel 1 with a semi-fire resistance of 60 minutes or more.

(Water absorption test)
Furthermore, when the heat insulating materials were subjected to a water absorption test, it was found that all of the heat insulating materials had a water absorption rate of 10% or less. This makes it possible to prevent the heat insulating materials 4 from corroding and becoming moldy.

In addition to the above-mentioned embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, the fire-resistant wall panel 1 has slits 6 cut into the back and front of the wooden surface material 2 from one side, and the slits prevent the wood from warping along the front.

1...Fireproof wall panel,
2...Wooden surface material, 3...Wooden shaft material, 4...Insulation material,
5... Pillar material, 6... Slit, 7, 8... Sheet,
10...base, 11...drain, 12...foundation,

Claims (8)

A fireproof wall panel having a fire resistance of 60 minutes or more,
A wooden surface material is provided in which a plurality of rectangular wooden shaft members having the same cross-sectional shape are fastened to each other in parallel with their axes,
The wooden panels form spaces between each other,
A fireproof wall panel characterized in that a plurality of insulating materials are joined to each wooden surface material in the space, and the insulating materials are joined to each other. The fire resistant wall panel of claim 1, characterized in that the insulation material comprises polyisocyanurate foam. The fireproof wall panel according to claim 2, characterized in that the 12 mm thick wooden surface material is arranged on both sides of the box-shaped insulating material, and when one of the wooden surfaces is burned at 850°C, the fireproof time per 1 mm of the insulating material is 1.2 minutes or more. The fireproof wall panel according to claim 2, characterized in that the water absorption rate of the insulation material is 10% or less. The fireproof wall panel according to claim 4, characterized in that a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet or an airtight sheet is attached to the joint surface between the wooden surface material and the insulating material. The fireproof wall panel according to claim 1, characterized in that slits are provided on the back or front of the wooden surface material. 7. A fire-resistant wall panel according to claim 1, further comprising pillar members arranged in parallel at predetermined intervals in the space. 7. A fire-resistant wall panel according to claim 1, further comprising pillar members arranged in parallel at predetermined intervals in the space.

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