JP7511206B2 - How to relocate a structure - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a method for relocating masonry structures.

Traditionally, brick masonry buildings, which are cultural heritage sites, have been relocated by dividing them into multiple pieces, transporting the pieces to the relocation site, and reassembling and restoring them.
Patent Document 1 discloses a method for dividing a brick wall having an arch portion into a plurality of plate-shaped pieces.
Patent Document 2 shows a method for moving an existing structure. Specifically, a plurality of displaceable loading platforms are arranged on the ground, the existing structure is transferred onto the loading platforms, and the loading platforms are moved to move the existing structure.
Patent Document 3 shows a structure for reinforcing an existing masonry structure formed by piling up masonry materials. Specifically, vertical holes are provided from the top of the masonry structure to the bottom of the masonry structure, and rod-shaped materials are inserted into the vertical holes and filled with a solidification material, thereby fixing the bottom of the rod-shaped materials to the masonry structure.

JP 2015-158074 A JP 2015-175162 A JP 2020-172809 A

The present invention aims to provide a method for relocating a structure that can efficiently lift each divided piece of a masonry structure while preventing damage to each piece.

The inventors discovered and arrived at the present invention as a method for relocating a masonry structure, which involves attaching reinforcing members comprising a pair of horizontal members placed on both sides of the structure with a plate-shaped cushioning material in between, and tension members that penetrate the structure and are engaged with the pair of horizontal members, and restraining the structure by applying an approximately uniform compressive force thereto, and then dividing the structure into pieces and lifting each piece together with the reinforcing members as a unit, so that the upward lifting force acts on the entirety of each piece via the lifting wires, thereby preventing excessive compressive stress from occurring locally in each piece.
The method for relocating a structure according to the first aspect of the present invention is a method for relocating a masonry structure (e.g., an outer wall portion 1 of a building described later), and includes a first step (e.g., step S1 described later) of setting division positions for dividing the structure into a plurality of pieces (e.g., pieces CL, CU, WL, and WU described later) that can be lifted by a lifting device (e.g., lifting device 30 described later) and installation positions of reinforcing members (e.g., reinforcing member 20 described later) for each of the pieces; The method includes a tension member (e.g., PC steel rod 23 described below) engaged with a pair of horizontal members, and the method comprises a second step of attaching the reinforcing member to the structure (e.g., step S2 described below), a third step of cutting the structure at the division position to divide it into each piece, attaching a lifting jig to the reinforcing member and lifting it with the lifting device to lift each piece (e.g., step S3 described below), a fourth step of transporting each piece to a relocation destination (e.g., step S4 described below), and a fifth step of assembling and joining the pieces to each other at the relocation destination to restore the structure (e.g., steps S5 and S6 described below).
In this specification, relocation includes not only the case where a structure is moved to a site different from the original site, but also the case where a structure is moved to another location within the original site.

According to this invention, buffer materials are placed on both sides of a masonry structure, and horizontal members are placed outside of them. A tension member is then provided penetrating the structure, and both ends of the tension member are engaged with a pair of horizontal members while tension is being applied to the tension member. This allows the structure to be sandwiched between the pair of horizontal members.
In this way, because the cushioning material is provided on the uneven sides of the masonry structure, when tension is applied to the tendons, the cushioning material bites into the unevenness of the surface of the masonry material, bringing the masonry material and the cushioning material into close contact. As a result, a compressive force can be applied almost uniformly to the structure via the horizontal members placed on both sides of the structure as a reaction to the tension applied to the tendons. Therefore, when a lifting jig is attached to the reinforcing members of each piece and the piece is lifted, no excessive compressive stress is generated in the parts of the pieces where the reinforcing members are attached, so the pieces can be lifted efficiently while preventing damage to them.

The second invention is a method for relocating a structure, the structure being configured to include pillars (e.g., pillars 11 described below) arranged at a predetermined interval and walls (e.g., wall 12 described below) provided between the pillars, and each of the pieces being an upper portion of the pillar, a lower portion of the pillar, an upper portion of the wall, and a lower portion of the wall.

Because the horizontal cross-sectional areas of the pillars and walls are different, when dividing a structure into individual pieces, if a cutting cutter is inserted across the boundary between the pillars and walls, the resistance of the cutting cutter blade will change suddenly at the boundary between the pillars and walls, which can make the cutting operation difficult.
According to the present invention, each piece is a pillar or wall of a structure, and therefore when dividing the structure into pieces, the cutting cutter is inserted along the boundary between the pillar and wall, so that the resistance of the cutting cutter blade does not change suddenly and the structure can be cut smoothly.
In addition, since the pillars and walls are divided into a lower portion and an upper portion, the joint surface between the lower portion and the upper portion is approximately horizontal, so that the lower portion and the upper portion can be joined relatively easily when restoring the exterior wall portion.

The method for relocating a structure according to the third invention is characterized in that in the fifth step, a reinforcing steel bar (e.g., reinforcing steel bar 51 described below) extending vertically is installed at the destination of the relocation, a through hole (e.g., through hole 52 described below) extending vertically is drilled in each piece, the pieces are then assembled while inserting the reinforcing steel bar into the through hole, and the pieces are then joined together by filling an adhesive between the through hole and the reinforcing steel bar.

According to this invention, reinforcing steel bars are inserted into the through holes in each piece, and adhesive is filled between the reinforcing steel bars and the through holes, so that the pieces are integrated together via the reinforcing steel bars. As a result, reinforcing steel bars are installed inside the restored structure, improving the structural strength of the restored structure.

The method for relocating a structure according to the fourth invention is characterized in that in the fifth step, each piece is drilled to provide a through hole extending in the vertical direction, the pieces are then assembled, and the pieces are then joined together by inserting the reinforcing steel rods into the through holes and filling the gap between the through holes and the reinforcing steel rods with adhesive.

According to this invention, a reinforcing steel bar is inserted into a through hole provided in each piece, and adhesive is filled between the reinforcing steel bar and the through hole, thereby integrating each piece via the reinforcing steel bar. Therefore, the reinforcing steel bar is installed inside the restored structure, and the structural strength of the restored structure can be improved.
In addition, since the reinforcing steel bars are inserted into the through holes of each piece in post-construction, construction efficiency can be improved compared to inserting the reinforcing steel bars into the through holes while each piece is lifted by a lifting device.

The present invention provides a method for relocating a structure that can efficiently lift each divided piece of a masonry structure while preventing damage to each piece.

1A and 1B are a front view and a plan view of an exterior wall portion of a building to which a structure relocation method according to a first embodiment of the present invention is applied. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the outer wall portion of FIG. 1 along line AA. 11 is a flowchart of the procedure for relocating an exterior wall section according to the first embodiment. An explanatory diagram of the procedure for relocating the exterior wall section (part 1: a diagram showing the division positions of the exterior wall section and the installation positions of the reinforcing members). FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a reinforcing member. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the reinforcing member of FIG. 5 taken along the line B-B. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the reinforcing member of FIG. 5 taken along the line CC. FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram of the procedure for relocating the exterior wall section according to the first embodiment (part 2: a diagram showing the installation status of piece CL). FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram of the procedure for relocating the exterior wall section according to the first embodiment (part 3: a diagram showing the installation status of the piece WL). FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of the procedure for relocating an exterior wall section according to the first embodiment (part 4: front view and plan view of the restored exterior wall section). FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of the procedure for relocating an exterior wall section according to the first embodiment (part 5: cross-sectional view of the restored exterior wall section along the line D-D). FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of the procedure for relocating the exterior wall section according to the first embodiment (part 6: an enlarged view of the area surrounded by dashed line E of the reinforcing column-beam structure that reinforces the restored exterior wall section). 1 is a schematic diagram of the outer wall portion used to calculate the tension force to be introduced into the PC steel rod. FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram of the procedure for relocating an exterior wall section according to the second embodiment of the present invention (an enlarged cross-sectional view of the lower end portion of the restored exterior wall section). FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram of a procedure for relocating an exterior wall section according to a modified example of the present invention.

The present invention is a method for relocating a structure, in which reinforcing members are attached to both side surfaces of the exterior wall of a masonry building, and then the reinforcing members are divided into a number of pieces for each column and wall, and each piece with the reinforcing members is lifted and relocated. The reinforcing members are provided with a pair of horizontal members arranged on both sides of the exterior wall with a plate-shaped buffer material between them, and tension members that penetrate the exterior wall and are engaged with the horizontal members, and the reinforcing members are provided with hanging pieces for connecting hanging wires.
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the following description of the embodiments, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted or simplified.
First Embodiment
Fig. 1(a) is a front view of an exterior wall 1 of a building as a structure to which a structure relocation method according to a first embodiment of the present invention is applied. Fig. 1(b) is a plan view of the exterior wall 1 of Fig. 1(a). Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the exterior wall 1 of Fig. 1(a) taken along line A-A.
The exterior wall 1 of the building is made of brick masonry and includes a foundation 10 constructed on the ground surface 2 and extending horizontally, columns 11 provided at predetermined intervals on the foundation 10, and walls 12 provided between the columns 11 on the foundation 10. A window 14 and a panel 15 are fitted into an opening 13 in the center of each wall 12.

The procedure for relocating the exterior wall portion 1 of a building will be described below with reference to the flow chart of FIG.
In step S1, as shown in FIG. 4, division positions (indicated by dashed lines in FIG. 4) for dividing the exterior wall portion 1 of the building into a plurality of pieces and attachment positions of the reinforcing members 20 of each piece are set.
Specifically, the exterior wall 1 is divided into two vertical stages and seven horizontal stages, for a total of 14 pieces CL, CU, WL, and WU, so that it can be lifted by a lifting device such as a crane. Piece CL is the lower part of the column 11, and piece CU is the upper part of the column 11. Piece WL is the lower part of the wall 12, and piece WU is the upper part of the wall 12. Reinforcing members 20 are arranged in two locations, above and below, for each of these pieces CL, CU, WL, and WU.

In step S2, the reinforcing member 20 is actually attached to the exterior wall portion 1 of the building.
Fig. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of the reinforcing member 20. Fig. 6 is a B-B sectional view of the reinforcing member 20 of Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is a CC sectional view of the reinforcing member 20 of Fig. 5. The reinforcing member 20 includes H-shaped steel 22 as a pair of horizontal members arranged on both side surfaces of the exterior wall portion 1 with a rubber plate 21 as a plate-shaped buffer material sandwiched therebetween, and a PC steel rod 23 as a tension member that penetrates the exterior wall portion 1 and has both ends engaged with the outer surfaces of the pair of H-shaped steel 22.
Nuts 24 are screwed onto both ends of the PC steel bar 23. These nuts 24 are engaged with the H-shaped steel 22 in a state in which tension is applied to the PC steel bar 23.
Reinforcing ribs 25 are provided on both sides of the portion of the H-shaped steel 22 through which the PC steel bar 23 passes. In addition, reinforcing ribs 25 are provided at four locations on the H-shaped steel 22, and hanging pieces 26 are further attached.
A center hole jack 27 is attached to one end of the PC steel bar 23, and tension is introduced into the PC steel bar 23 by this center hole jack 27.

In step S3, the exterior wall portion 1 of the building is actually cut at the division position using a cutting cutter or the like to divide it into each piece CL, CU, WL, and WU, and each of the divided pieces CL, CU, WL, and WU is lifted and temporarily placed in a temporary storage space not shown.
Specifically, each piece CL, CU, WL, WU is lifted by attaching a lifting jig 40 to the reinforcing member 20 of each piece CL, CU, WL, WU and lifting it with a lifting device 30 (see Figs. 8 and 9). Here, the order in which each piece CL, CU, WL, WU is cut and lifted is the order of the circled numbers in Fig. 4.
8 and 9, the lifting jig 40 includes a lifting jig main body 41 formed by assembling H-shaped steel beams in a lattice pattern, and a lifting wire 42 attached to the lifting jig main body 41. The lower reinforcing member 20 and the upper reinforcing member 20 are connected with a connecting member 28, the lifting wire 42 of the lifting jig 40 is connected to the upper reinforcing member 20, and the lifting wire 31 of the lifting device 30 is connected to the lifting jig main body 41 of the lifting jig 40. In this state, the lifting device 30 is driven to lift up each of the pieces CL, CU, WL, and WU.

In step S4, each of the pieces CL, CU, WL, and WU is transported to the relocation destination. Specifically, each of the pieces CL, CU, WL, and WU temporarily placed in the temporary storage yard is lifted by the lifting device 30, placed on the platform of a transport vehicle such as a trailer, and transported to the relocation destination.
In step S5, a new foundation 50 made of reinforced concrete is constructed in advance at the destination (see Figs. 8 and 9). Reinforcing steel bars 51 extending vertically are buried in predetermined positions of the new foundation 50.

In step S6, as shown in Fig. 8 and Fig. 9, each piece CL, CU, WL, WU is assembled on the new foundation 50, and the exterior wall section 1 of the building is restored as shown in Fig. 10 and Fig. 11. Fig. 8 and Fig. 9 are examples of the installation state of each piece CL, CU, WL, WU. Fig. 8 shows the installation state of the piece CL, and Fig. 9 shows the installation state of the piece WL. Fig. 10(a) is a front view of the restored exterior wall section 1, and Fig. 10(b) is a plan view of the restored exterior wall section of Fig. 10(a). Fig. 11 is a D-D cross-sectional view of the restored exterior wall section of Fig. 10(a). The order in which each piece CL, CU, WL, WU is installed is the order of the circled numbers in Fig. 10.
At this time, a reinforcing column-beam structure 60 that reinforces the exterior wall 1 from the inside is also assembled, and the exterior wall 1 is reinforced with reinforcing steel bars 51. The reinforcing column-beam structure 60 includes reinforcing columns 61 that are H-shaped steel extending vertically along the inner wall surfaces of the pieces CL and CU, reinforcing beams 62 that are H-shaped steel connecting the upper ends of the reinforcing columns 61, and a head joint (not shown) that connects the reinforcing beams 62 to the upper end surface of the exterior wall 1. The joints between the reinforcing columns 61 are bolted to each other so that the bolts do not interfere with the side surface of the exterior wall 1. The joints between the reinforcing columns 61 and the reinforcing beams 62 are also bolted to each other so that the bolts do not interfere with the side surface of the exterior wall 1, as shown in FIG. 12.

Specifically, holes are drilled in each piece CL, CU, WL, and WU to provide through holes 52 extending vertically. Next, each piece CL, CU, WL, and WU is lifted by lifting device 30, and attached to the new foundation 50 while inserting the reinforcing steel bars 51 of the new foundation 50 through the through holes 52. Next, while preventing each piece CL, CU, WL, and WU from falling over using supports (not shown) or the like, the reinforcing members 20 are removed, and the reinforcing column-beam structures 60 are appropriately assembled inside each piece CL, CU, WL, and WU. In this manner, each piece CL, CU, WL, and WU is attached and assembled. Next, a center hole jack 53 is attached to the upper end of each reinforcing steel bar 51 to introduce tension into the reinforcing steel bars 51, and in this state, adhesive is filled between the through holes 52 and the reinforcing steel bars 51 to join the pieces CL, CU, WL, and WU together via the reinforcing steel bars 51.

[Calculation of tension introduced into PC steel rod]
Below, the tension to be introduced into the PC steel bar of the reinforcing member is calculated.
If the pieces WL and WU are shaped as shown in Fig. 12, the upper piece WU will be heavier than the lower piece WL. Specifically, the weight P of the piece WU with the reinforcing member attached will be 7.22 t. If tension is applied to four of the five PC steel bars of the reinforcing member, the load W per PC steel bar can be calculated using the following formula (1).
W = P / 4 = 7.22 / 4 = 1.805 t = 17.70 kN ... (1)

The vertical resistance force N required per PC steel rod can be calculated using the following formula (2) assuming a friction coefficient μ = 0.3 and an impact load coefficient Ψ = 1.5.
N = W / μ · Ψ
= 17.70 / 0.3 × 1.5 ... (2)
= 88.50 kN

Since the vertical resistance is generated by the two-sided friction of the H-shaped steel that tightens the piece WU, the axial force Ff required per PC steel bar can be calculated by the following equation (3).
Ff = N / 2 = 44.25 kN ... (3)

According to this embodiment, the following effects are obtained.
(1) Rubber plates 21 are placed on both sides of the masonry exterior wall 1 as cushioning materials, and H-shaped steel 22 is placed on the outside of them. PC steel rods 23 are then provided penetrating the exterior wall 1, and both ends of the PC steel rods 23 are engaged with the pair of H-shaped steel 22 while tension is being applied to the PC steel rods 23. In this way, the exterior wall 1 is sandwiched between the pair of H-shaped steel 22.
In this way, since the rubber plates 21 are provided on the uneven side of the masonry exterior wall 1, when tension is applied to the PC steel rods 23, the rubber plates 21 bite into the unevenness of the surface of the bricks, which are masonry materials, and the bricks and the rubber plates 21 are in close contact with each other. Therefore, as a reaction to the tension applied to the PC steel rods 23, the compressive force applied to the exterior wall 1 can be made uniform through the H-shaped steel 22 arranged on both sides of the exterior wall 1. Therefore, when the lifting jig 40 is attached to the reinforcing members 20 of each piece CL, CU, WL, WU and lifted, no excessive compressive stress is generated in the parts where the reinforcing members 20 of each piece CL, CU, WL, WU are attached, so that the pieces CL, CU, WL, WU can be lifted efficiently while preventing damage to the pieces CL, CU, WL, WU.

(2) Each piece CL, CU, WL, and WU is a column portion 11 or a wall portion 12 of the exterior wall portion 1. Therefore, when dividing the exterior wall portion 1 into each piece CL, CU, WL, and WU, a cutting cutter is inserted along the boundary between the column portion 11 and the wall portion 12 to cut, and since the resistance force of the cutting cutter blade does not change suddenly, the exterior wall portion 1 can be cut smoothly.
In addition, since the column portions 11 and the walls 12 are divided into the lower pieces CL, WL and the upper pieces CU, WU, the joint surfaces between the lower pieces CL, WL and the upper pieces CU, WU are approximately horizontal, so that when restoring the exterior wall portion 1, it is relatively easy to join the lower pieces CL, WL and the upper pieces CU, WU.

(3) Reinforcing steel bars 51 are inserted into the through holes 52 in each piece CL, CU, WL, and WU, and adhesive is filled between the reinforcing steel bars 51 and the through holes 52, thereby integrating the pieces CL, CU, WL, and WU together via the reinforcing steel bars 51. As a result, the reinforcing steel bars 51 are installed inside the restored exterior wall section 1, improving the structural strength of the restored exterior wall section 1.

Second Embodiment
In this embodiment, the configurations of steps S5 and S6 are different from those of the first embodiment.
That is, in step S5, a new foundation 50 made of reinforced concrete is constructed in advance at the destination, as shown in Fig. 14. Reinforcing steel bars 70 with joints 71 attached to their upper ends are buried in predetermined positions in the new foundation 50. Anchoring members 72 are attached to the portions of the reinforcing steel bars 70 that are buried in the new foundation 50.
In step S6, each piece CL, CU, WL, and WU is drilled to provide a through hole 52 extending in the vertical direction, and a horizontal hole 73 is provided at the lower end of the through hole 52 of the pieces CL and WL, and in this state, the pieces CL, CU, WL, and WU are assembled. Then, the joint part 71 of the reinforcing steel bar 70 is placed in the horizontal hole 73. Next, the reinforcing steel bar 51 is inserted into the through hole 52 and joined to the joint part 71 inside the horizontal hole 73. Next, the horizontal hole 73 is filled with a filler such as concrete, and then a center hole jack 53 is attached to the upper end of each reinforcing steel bar 51 to introduce tension into the reinforcing steel bar 51. In this state, adhesive is filled between the through hole 52 and the reinforcing steel bar 51, and the pieces CL, CU, WL, and WU are joined to each other via the reinforcing steel bar 51.

According to this embodiment, in addition to the above-mentioned advantages (1) to (3), the following advantages are obtained.
(4) Since the reinforcing steel rods 51 are inserted into the through holes 52 of each piece CL, CU, WL, and WU in post-construction, construction efficiency can be improved compared to the case where the reinforcing steel rods 51 are inserted into the through holes 52 while each piece CL, CU, WL, and WU is lifted by a lifting machine.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and modifications and improvements within the scope of the present invention that can achieve the object of the present invention are included in the present invention.
For example, in this embodiment, tension is applied to the reinforcing steel bar 51 at once after the exterior wall 1 is completely assembled, but this is not limited to the above. For example, as shown in Fig. 15(a), when the height of the exterior wall 3 is high, the exterior wall 3a may be assembled to a predetermined height on the new foundation 4, the reinforcing steel bar 5a may be inserted into the assembled part 3a to apply tension, and then, as shown in Fig. 15(b), the remaining part 3b of the exterior wall may be assembled, and the reinforcing steel bar 5b may be inserted into the remaining part 3b to apply tension. At this time, the reinforcing steel bar 5a and the reinforcing steel bar 5b are connected by a joint part 5c.

Reference Signs List 1...Exterior wall of building (structure) 2...Ground surface 10...Foundation 11...Column 12...Wall 13...Opening 14...Window 15...Panel 20...Reinforcing member 21...Rubber plate (buffer material) 22...H-shaped steel (horizontal member)
Reference Signs List 23...PC steel bar (tension member) 24...Nut 25...Reinforcing rib 26...Lifting piece 27...Center hole jack 28...Connecting member 30...Lifting device 31...Lifting wire 40...Lifting jig 41...Lifting jig body 42...Lifting wire 50...New foundation 51...Reinforcing steel bar 52...Through hole 53...Center hole jack 60...Reinforced column-beam structure 61...Reinforcing column 62...Reinforcing beam 63...Plate 64...Bolt 70...Reinforcing steel bar 71...Joint 72...Anchoring member 73...Horizontal hole CL...Piece of lower part of column CU...Piece of upper part of column WL...Piece of lower part of wall WU...Piece of upper part of wall

Claims (4)

A method for relocating a masonry structure, comprising the steps of:
A first step of dividing the structure into a plurality of pieces that can be lifted by a lifting device and setting positions for attaching reinforcing members to each of the pieces;
a second step of attaching the reinforcing member to the structure, the second step being configured to include a pair of horizontal members extending substantially horizontally and arranged on both sides of the structure with a plate-shaped buffer material sandwiched therebetween, and a tension member penetrating the structure and having both ends engaged with the pair of horizontal members in a state in which tension is introduced;
a third step of cutting the structure at the division positions to divide it into the pieces, attaching a lifting jig to the reinforcing member, and lifting the pieces by the lifting device;
A fourth step of transporting each piece to a destination;
and a fifth step of assembling and joining the pieces together at the destination to restore the structure. The structure includes pillars arranged at predetermined intervals and a wall provided between the pillars,
2. The method for relocating a structure according to claim 1, wherein each of the pieces is an upper portion of the column, a lower portion of the column, an upper portion of the wall, and a lower portion of the wall. The method for relocating a structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in the fifth step, a reinforcing steel bar extending in the vertical direction is installed in advance at the relocation destination, a through hole extending in the vertical direction is drilled in each piece, the pieces are then assembled while inserting the reinforcing steel bar into the through hole, and then the pieces are joined together by filling an adhesive between the through hole and the reinforcing steel bar. The method for relocating a structure as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in the fifth step, a through hole extending vertically is drilled in each piece, the pieces are then assembled, and then the pieces are joined together by inserting a reinforcing steel rod into the through hole and filling the space between the through hole and the reinforcing steel rod with adhesive.

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