JP7479027B2 - 電気防食用電極並びにマンガン酸化物及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
電気防食用電極並びにマンガン酸化物及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydroxy(oxo)manganese;manganese Chemical compound [Mn].O[Mn]=O.O[Mn]=O AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 title claims description 344
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 24
- 238000004210 cathodic protection Methods 0.000 title description 11
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000004070 electrodeposition Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910001437 manganese ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000002697 manganese compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium cation Chemical compound [Na+] FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 71
- NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese dioxide Chemical compound O=[Mn]=O NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 47
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 21
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 20
- -1 seawater Chemical compound 0.000 description 20
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 19
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 18
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 18
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 12
- 238000004833 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 10
- WAEMQWOKJMHJLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese(2+) Chemical compound [Mn+2] WAEMQWOKJMHJLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 9
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 7
- BAZAXWOYCMUHIX-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium perchlorate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O BAZAXWOYCMUHIX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 7
- 229910001488 sodium perchlorate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical group [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- MIVBAHRSNUNMPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese(2+);dinitrate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O MIVBAHRSNUNMPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PPNAOCWZXJOHFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese(2+);oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Mn+2] PPNAOCWZXJOHFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021380 Manganese Chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GLFNIEUTAYBVOC-UHFFFAOYSA-L Manganese chloride Chemical compound Cl[Mn]Cl GLFNIEUTAYBVOC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910003174 MnOOH Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021607 Silver chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000005708 Sodium hypochlorite Substances 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XTCNADHUPNOYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-M [Mn+].C(C(=O)[O-])(=O)[O-].[NH4+] Chemical compound [Mn+].C(C(=O)[O-])(=O)[O-].[NH4+] XTCNADHUPNOYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021383 artificial graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001902 chlorine oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008034 disappearance Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007602 hot air drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002696 manganese Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011656 manganese carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000006748 manganese carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940093474 manganese carbonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011565 manganese chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000002867 manganese chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940099607 manganese chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940099596 manganese sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011702 manganese sulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000007079 manganese sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000016 manganese(II) carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XMWCXZJXESXBBY-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(ii) carbonate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]C([O-])=O XMWCXZJXESXBBY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000000 metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- IEDJIYGROKAJDS-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium manganese(2+) oxalate Chemical compound C(C(=O)[O-])(=O)[O-].[Mn+2].[K+] IEDJIYGROKAJDS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 159000000001 potassium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000027756 respiratory electron transport chain Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver monochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Ag+] HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000003388 sodium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)
- Electrodes For Compound Or Non-Metal Manufacture (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
Description
なお、本発明のマンガン酸化物の製造方法について特に説明しない点は、前述した本発明のマンガン酸化物及び電極についての説明が適宜適用される。
塩化ナトリウム(NaCl)50mMと硫酸マンガン(MnSO4)2mMとを溶解した水溶液50mLをビーカー型電解セルに入れて電解液とした。電解液は窒素ガスをバブリングすることによって窒素雰囲気とした。電解液は液温が25℃、pHが6であった。平面視長方形形状のFTOガラス電極(長手方向長さ40mm、幅方向長さ10mm、厚み2mm)と、該ガラスと同形状同寸法の白金めっきチタン対極と飽和KCl銀-塩化銀照合電極(SSE)とを電解液中に浸漬した。これらの電極は、電解液中に浸漬する前に脱脂処理した。電解液中に電極を浸漬した状態で10分間静置した後、ガラス電極に+1.0V(SSEに対する電位)の電位を印加し、該ガラス電極の表面にマンガン酸化物を含む析出層が形成された析出層付き電極を得た(第1の工程:電析工程)。電位の印加は、積算電気量が200mC/cm2に達するまで行った。次に、こうして得られた複数の析出層付き電極をデシケータ内で30分以上真空乾燥させた後、その複数のうちの一部を、炉内温度が所定温度(100℃、200℃、300℃、400℃又は500℃)に設定された電気炉に該ガラス電極を入れ、2時間加熱処理した(第2の工程)。こうして、加熱処理無しの析出層付き電極と、所定温度で加熱処理が施された5種類の析出層付き電極とを製造した。
Claims (6)
- 導電性基材の表面にマンガン酸化物が固着した酸素発生型の電気防食用電極であって、
前記マンガン酸化物は、層状マンガン酸化物の加熱物であり、且つ水分子を有さず且つ非晶質構造を有し、
前記層状マンガン酸化物が、マンガン酸化物の層が複数積層され且つ該マンガン酸化物の層どうしの間にマンガンイオン以外のカチオン及び水分子が存在する、バーネサイト型層状マンガン酸化物である、電気防食用電極。 - 前記カチオンがナトリウムイオンである、請求項1に記載の電気防食用電極。
- 請求項1又は2に記載の電気防食用電極に用いるマンガン酸化物の製造方法であって、
マンガンイオン以外のカチオンの存在下で2価のマンガン化合物を電気化学的に酸化するか、又はマンガンイオン以外のカチオンの存在下で過マンガン酸イオンを電気化学的に還元し、層状マンガン酸化物を得る第1の工程と、
前記層状マンガン酸化物を300~500℃で1~5時間加熱する第2の工程とを有し、
前記層状マンガン酸化物が、マンガン酸化物の層が複数積層され且つ該マンガン酸化物の層どうしの間にマンガンイオン以外のカチオン及び水分子が存在する、バーネサイト型層状マンガン酸化物である、マンガン酸化物の製造方法。 - 前記第1の工程が、2価のマンガンイオン又は過マンガン酸イオンと前記カチオンとを含む電解液中に導電性基材を浸漬し、該導電性基材へ通電することにより、該導電性基材の表面に前記層状マンガン酸化物を含む析出層を形成する電析工程である、請求項3に記載のマンガン酸化物の製造方法。
- 前記カチオンがナトリウムイオンである、請求項3又は4に記載のマンガン酸化物の製造方法。
- 層状マンガン酸化物を300℃で1~2時間加熱してなり、且つ水分子を有さず且つ非晶質構造を有し、
前記層状マンガン酸化物が、マンガン酸化物の層が複数積層され且つ該マンガン酸化物の層どうしの間にマンガンイオン以外のカチオン及び水分子が存在する、バーネサイト型層状マンガン酸化物である、マンガン酸化物。
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Citations (2)
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JP2011207725A (ja) | 2010-03-30 | 2011-10-20 | Yamaguchi Univ | マンガン酸化物の製造方法 |
JP2016162805A (ja) | 2015-02-27 | 2016-09-05 | 国立大学法人山口大学 | 層状マンガン酸化物が担持された炭素繊維集合体及びその製造方法 |
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JP2011207725A (ja) | 2010-03-30 | 2011-10-20 | Yamaguchi Univ | マンガン酸化物の製造方法 |
JP2016162805A (ja) | 2015-02-27 | 2016-09-05 | 国立大学法人山口大学 | 層状マンガン酸化物が担持された炭素繊維集合体及びその製造方法 |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
MELDER, J. et al.,Carbon fibre paper coated by a layered manganese oxide: a nano-structured ectrocatalyst for water-oxidation with high activity over a very wide pH range,Journal of Materials Chemistry A,2019年10月15日,vol.7,pp.25333-25346, ESI pp.1-20 |
NAM, K.W. et al.,Critical Role of Crystal Water for a Layered Cathode Material in Sodium Ion Batteries,Chemistry of Materials,2015年,vol.27,pp.3721-3725,s1-s12 |
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