JP7470098B2 - 空調ドレン用配管材 - Google Patents
空調ドレン用配管材 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP7470098B2 JP7470098B2 JP2021506247A JP2021506247A JP7470098B2 JP 7470098 B2 JP7470098 B2 JP 7470098B2 JP 2021506247 A JP2021506247 A JP 2021506247A JP 2021506247 A JP2021506247 A JP 2021506247A JP 7470098 B2 JP7470098 B2 JP 7470098B2
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- Prior art keywords
- layer
- piping material
- piping
- resins
- foam layer
- Prior art date
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- 239000011178 precast concrete Substances 0.000 description 2
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Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B1/00—Layered products having a non-planar shape
- B32B1/08—Tubular products
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/18—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L27/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L27/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L27/04—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing chlorine atoms
- C08L27/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of vinyl chloride
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L11/00—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes
- F16L11/04—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics
- F16L11/12—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics with arrangements for particular purposes, e.g. specially profiled, with protecting layer, heated, electrically conducting
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L59/00—Thermal insulation in general
- F16L59/14—Arrangements for the insulation of pipes or pipe systems
- F16L59/147—Arrangements for the insulation of pipes or pipe systems the insulation being located inwardly of the outer surface of the pipe
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L9/00—Rigid pipes
- F16L9/14—Compound tubes, i.e. made of materials not wholly covered by any one of the preceding groups
- F16L9/147—Compound tubes, i.e. made of materials not wholly covered by any one of the preceding groups comprising only layers of metal and plastics with or without reinforcement
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Thermal Insulation (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Description
項1.
内層、発泡層、及び外層を有する配管材であって、
前記内層、前記発泡層、及び前記外層はそれぞれ熱可塑性樹脂を含み、
外径(D)、内径(U)、前記外層の厚み(To)、前記発泡層の厚み(Tc)、及び前記内層の厚み(Ti)が下記式(1)~(4)の関係を有することを特徴とする、配管材。
8≦D/To≦17 式(1)
10≦D/Tc≦16 式(2)
0.5mm≦Ti≦4.0mm 式(3)
0.55≦U/D≦0.75 式(4)
項2.
前記熱可塑性樹脂は、ポリ塩化ビニル系樹脂である、項1に記載の配管材。
項3.
前記発泡層の発泡倍率が2以上8以下である、項1又は2に記載の配管材。
項4.
前記外径(D)が30mm以上120mm以下である、項1~3の何れかに記載の配管材。
項5.
前記発泡層における独立気泡率が50%以上である、項1~4の何れかに記載の配管材。
(1.1.内層、発泡層及び外層)
本発明の配管材は、内層、発泡層及び外層を有する。図1に示すのは、内層1、発泡層2及び外層3がこの順に配管材の内側から積層された多層構造を有する配管材10´である。
A)管を軸方向の長さが約50mmになるように切り、続いて周方向にほぼ均等に4分割になるように軸方向に切る。
B)非発泡内層及び非発泡外層をフライスで切削し、発泡層だけを長さ約50mm程度の板状に加工したものを試験片とする。試験片は4個作成される。
C)試験片をJIS K 7112:1999に従い、23℃±2℃で水置換式比重測定機で見かけ密度を小数点以下3桁まで求め、下記式(a)により発泡倍率を算出する。
m=γo/γ ・・・(a)
[式(a)中、mは発泡倍率であり、γは発泡層の見かけ密度(g/cm3)であり、γoは発泡層の構成材料の未発泡時の密度(g/cm3)である。]
Cc=(Va/Vaq)×100 ・・・(b)
また、本発明の配管材において、外径(D)、内径(U)、前記外層の厚み(To)、前記発泡層の厚み(Tc)、及び前記内層の厚み(Ti)が下記式(1)~(4)の関係式を満たす。
10≦D/Tc≦16 式(2)
0.5mm≦Ti≦4.0mm 式(3)
0.55≦U/D≦0.75 式(4)
D/Tcが10未満であると、配管材の内径が小さくなる結果、配管の充分な流水量を確保できなくなってしまう。
図2及び図3は、三層構造の空調ドレン用管10’を製造するための製造装置20の全体構成図である。製造装置20は、内外層押出機11、発泡層押出機12、金型13、冷却水槽15、引取機16、及び切断機17を備えることが好ましい。内外層押出機11、及び発泡層押出機12には金型13が接続されており、金型13には冷却水槽15が接続されていることが好ましい。冷却水槽15に引取機16が接続されており、引取機16には切断機17が接続されている。さらに、図2及び図3に示すように、ガスボンベ18と定量ポンプ19が発泡層押出機12に接続されていてもよい。
下記表1及び2に示す条件に基づき、各実施例及び比較例の配管材を製造した。製造に際しては、図2~4に示される製造装置を使用し、下記表に示す肉厚及び発泡倍率となるように、温度条件及び押出量を調整し、配管材を製造した。内外層用の原料としては、ポリ塩化ビニル樹脂(徳山積水工業社製、TS-1000R)100質量部に対し、有機錫系安定剤(日東化成社製、TVS-8832)3質量部、MBS樹脂(カネカ社製、B-564)5質量部、分子量300万以上の高分子量アクリル樹脂(カネカ社製、PA-20)1質量部、滑剤(三井化学社製、ハイワックス220MP)1質量部、滑剤(エメリーオレオケミカルズジャパン社製ロキシオール259)1質量部、炭酸カルシウム(白石工業社製、CCR)2質量部、着色剤(大日精化工業社製)0.6質量部を使用した。
内外層用の原料は実施例1と同じ配合のポリ塩化ビニル樹脂を使用した。中間層すなわち発泡層は、アクリル樹脂(三菱ケミカル社製 ACRYPET TN100)100質量部に対し、発泡剤としてADCA(永和化成工業社製、ビニホールAC-3)0.6質量部、難燃剤として水酸化マグネシウム(協和化学工業製、キスマ5)5質量部を混合した原料を使用した。
内外層の原料として低密度ポリエチレン樹脂(旭化成製、サンテックM2206)100質量部に対し、難燃剤として水酸化マグネシウム(協和化学工業製、キスマ5)5質量部、充填剤としてタルク(日本タルク製、ナノエースD-800)5質量部混合した原料を使用した。中間層すなわち発泡層は、上記のポリエチレン樹脂系混合原料に発泡剤としてADCA(永和化成工業社製、ビニホールAC-3)0.6質量部を混合した原料を使用した。
図5に示す耐火試験炉Xを使用し、耐火試験(平成12年6月1日に施行された改正建築基準法の耐火性能試験の評価方法,ISO834-1に従う。)を実施した。
床材Yは、100mm厚さのPC(プレキャストコンクリート)パネルを用いた。試験用配管材Pは、床材Yに設けられた区画貫通部Rに貫通させ、加熱室Z内に300mm露出させ、床材Yの外部に800mm露出させた。
なお、加熱室Zの側壁にはバーナーV,Vが設置されている。また、試験用配管材Pの先端部近傍に温度測定用の熱電対Qが設置されている。
加熱開始後、区画貫通部Rと試験用配管材Pとの隙間から煙が出るまでの時間(発煙時間)を測定した。消防法の令8区画の判定基準に従って、発煙時間が60分以上の場合を合格、60分未満の場合を不合格とした。
温度20℃、相対湿度80%に調節した恒温恒湿室内で、配管勾配1/50に設定した4mの樹脂管を設置し、7℃に調節した水道水を1時間6リットルの割合で1時間流した後、樹脂管外面の下部を手で触り結露の有無を確認した。結露が確認されない場合を合格、結露が確認される場合を不合格とした。
配管を流れる最大流量は内径に大きな影響を受け、内径増加に対して最大流量は著しく増大する。したがって外径が大きいにもかかわらず内径が小さい配管は、流量効率が悪く、製品コスト的にも不利になる。
最大流量は各実施例及び比較例の図面より配管内径と接続機器を調べることで、内径に対するドレン排水量を算定した。SGP配管内径の20A と50A における実測の最大流量値の2点を通るカーブから、配管の内径の8/3 乗根に比例するものとして式を導いた。配管の内径の8/3乗根に比例するとしたのはSHASE-S 206 給排水衛生設備基準・同解説P263~266 に示される管の許容流量が、管の内径の8/3 乗根に比例するとされているためである。内径の20A及び50Aは、SGPの呼び径であるため、それらの内径Zと最大流量Yとの関係を計算した結果、下記式が得られた。
Y=0.00445*Z^(8/3)-11.30
最大流量/外径が、外径が50mm未満の場合は0.3以上、外径が50mm以上70mm未満の場合は0.7以上、外径が70mm以上100mm未満の場合は1.5以上でないと流量効率が良いとは言えない。よってそれらの数値以上を合格、そうでない場合を不合格とした。
2 発泡層
3 外層
10´ 配管材
11 被覆内外層押出機
12 発泡層押出機
13 金型
14 配管外面成形用チューブ
15 冷却水槽
16 引取機
17 切断機
18 ガスボンベ
19 定量ポンプ
20 製造装置
21 被覆層用熱可塑性樹脂組成物
22 発泡層用熱可塑性樹脂組成物
31 被覆層用熱可塑性樹脂層
32 発泡熱可塑性樹脂層
100´ 未硬化の配管材
P 試験用配管材
Q 熱電対
R 区画貫通部
V バーナー
X 耐火試験炉
Y 床材
Z 加熱室
Claims (5)
- 内層、発泡層、及び外層を有する配管材であって、
前記内層、前記発泡層、及び前記外層はそれぞれ熱可塑性樹脂を含み、
外径(D)、内径(U)、前記外層の厚み(To)、前記発泡層の厚み(Tc)、及び前記内層の厚み(Ti)が下記式(1)~(5)の関係を有することを特徴とする、配管材。
8≦D/To≦17 式(1)
10≦D/Tc≦16 式(2)
0.5mm≦Ti≦4.0mm 式(3)
0.55≦U/D≦0.75 式(4)
5.5mm≦To≦9.2mm 式(5) - 前記熱可塑性樹脂は、ポリ塩化ビニル系樹脂である、請求項1に記載の配管材。
- 前記発泡層の発泡倍率が2以上8以下である、請求項1又は2に記載の配管材。
- 前記外径(D)が30mm以上120mm以下である、請求項1~3の何れか1項に記載の配管材。
- 前記発泡層における独立気泡率が50%以上である、請求項1~4の何れか1項に記載の配管材。
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