JP7468346B2 - Polymers - Google Patents
Polymers Download PDFInfo
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- JP7468346B2 JP7468346B2 JP2020544045A JP2020544045A JP7468346B2 JP 7468346 B2 JP7468346 B2 JP 7468346B2 JP 2020544045 A JP2020544045 A JP 2020544045A JP 2020544045 A JP2020544045 A JP 2020544045A JP 7468346 B2 JP7468346 B2 JP 7468346B2
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- hydrocarbon group
- carbon atoms
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- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 title claims description 55
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 98
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 79
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 58
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- OHZAHWOAMVVGEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2'-bithiophene Chemical compound C1=CSC(C=2SC=CC=2)=C1 OHZAHWOAMVVGEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- FZWLAAWBMGSTSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiazole Chemical group C1=CSC=N1 FZWLAAWBMGSTSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000001181 organosilyl group Chemical group [SiH3]* 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiophene Chemical group C=1C=CSC=1 YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000005309 thioalkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000002029 aromatic hydrocarbon group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000005677 ethinylene group Chemical group [*:2]C#C[*:1] 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 13
- -1 n-octyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 113
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 84
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 38
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 21
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 20
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 125000000175 2-thienyl group Chemical group S1C([*])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 14
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 14
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 9
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N Trichloro(2H)methane Chemical compound [2H]C(Cl)(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N 0.000 description 8
- MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1 MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000005227 gel permeation chromatography Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- LNAMMBFJMYMQTO-FNEBRGMMSA-N chloroform;(1e,4e)-1,5-diphenylpenta-1,4-dien-3-one;palladium Chemical compound [Pd].[Pd].ClC(Cl)Cl.C=1C=CC=CC=1\C=C\C(=O)\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1.C=1C=CC=CC=1\C=C\C(=O)\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1.C=1C=CC=CC=1\C=C\C(=O)\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1 LNAMMBFJMYMQTO-FNEBRGMMSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 5
- 125000003963 dichloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 description 5
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- MUJIDPITZJWBSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium(2+) Chemical compound [Pd+2] MUJIDPITZJWBSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- CYPYTURSJDMMMP-WVCUSYJESA-N (1e,4e)-1,5-diphenylpenta-1,4-dien-3-one;palladium Chemical compound [Pd].[Pd].C=1C=CC=CC=1\C=C\C(=O)\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1.C=1C=CC=CC=1\C=C\C(=O)\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1.C=1C=CC=CC=1\C=C\C(=O)\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1 CYPYTURSJDMMMP-WVCUSYJESA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 4
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- YNHIGQDRGKUECZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L bis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(ii) dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Pd+2].C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 YNHIGQDRGKUECZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- UGFYLGZFYCTMFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N dithieno[2,3-a:2',3'-d]oxepine-4,6-dione Chemical compound C1=2SC=CC=2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=C1SC=C2 UGFYLGZFYCTMFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- ZCSHNCUQKCANBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium diisopropylamide Chemical compound [Li+].CC(C)[N-]C(C)C ZCSHNCUQKCANBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylphosphine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IIOSDXGZLBPOHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2-methoxyphenyl)phosphane Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C(=CC=CC=1)OC)C1=CC=CC=C1OC IIOSDXGZLBPOHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- COIOYMYWGDAQPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2-methylphenyl)phosphane Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C(=CC=CC=1)C)C1=CC=CC=C1C COIOYMYWGDAQPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- DLQYXUGCCKQSRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(furan-2-yl)phosphane Chemical compound C1=COC(P(C=2OC=CC=2)C=2OC=CC=2)=C1 DLQYXUGCCKQSRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000005605 benzo group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000004440 column chromatography Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 125000001972 isopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 229930195734 saturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 125000001973 tert-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- LVEYOSJUKRVCCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-bis(diphenylphosphino)propane Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)CCCP(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 LVEYOSJUKRVCCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DXKAGWWUCATEAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dibromo-5,7-bis(2-ethylhexyl)thieno[3,4-f][2]benzothiole-4,8-dione Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)Cc1sc(CC(CC)CCCC)c2c1C(=O)c1c(Br)sc(Br)c1C2=O DXKAGWWUCATEAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UUIQMZJEGPQKFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl butyrate Chemical compound CCCC(=O)OC UUIQMZJEGPQKFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphine Chemical compound P XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 2
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000944 Soxhlet extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- MCEWYIDBDVPMES-UHFFFAOYSA-N [60]pcbm Chemical compound C123C(C4=C5C6=C7C8=C9C%10=C%11C%12=C%13C%14=C%15C%16=C%17C%18=C(C=%19C=%20C%18=C%18C%16=C%13C%13=C%11C9=C9C7=C(C=%20C9=C%13%18)C(C7=%19)=C96)C6=C%11C%17=C%15C%13=C%15C%14=C%12C%12=C%10C%10=C85)=C9C7=C6C2=C%11C%13=C2C%15=C%12C%10=C4C23C1(CCCC(=O)OC)C1=CC=CC=C1 MCEWYIDBDVPMES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000005103 alkyl silyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011088 calibration curve Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WNZGLXFLSFWPMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dicyclohexyl(4-dicyclohexylphosphanylbutyl)phosphane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1P(C1CCCCC1)CCCCP(C1CCCCC1)C1CCCCC1 WNZGLXFLSFWPMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl ether Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OC1=CC=CC=C1 USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000006575 electron-withdrawing group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000003136 n-heptyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 125000001280 n-hexyl group Chemical group C(CCCCC)* 0.000 description 2
- 238000000655 nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium;triphenylphosphane Chemical compound [Pd].C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MXQOYLRVSVOCQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium;tritert-butylphosphane Chemical compound [Pd].CC(C)(C)P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C.CC(C)(C)P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C MXQOYLRVSVOCQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000000025 triisopropylsilyl group Chemical group C(C)(C)[Si](C(C)C)(C(C)C)* 0.000 description 2
- YWWDBCBWQNCYNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylphosphine Chemical compound CP(C)C YWWDBCBWQNCYNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000026 trimethylsilyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])[Si]([*])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- UKSZBOKPHAQOMP-SVLSSHOZSA-N (1e,4e)-1,5-diphenylpenta-1,4-dien-3-one;palladium Chemical compound [Pd].C=1C=CC=CC=1\C=C\C(=O)\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1.C=1C=CC=CC=1\C=C\C(=O)\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1 UKSZBOKPHAQOMP-SVLSSHOZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RRHPTXZOMDSKRS-PHFPKPIQSA-L (1z,5z)-cycloocta-1,5-diene;dichloropalladium Chemical compound Cl[Pd]Cl.C\1C\C=C/CC\C=C/1 RRHPTXZOMDSKRS-PHFPKPIQSA-L 0.000 description 1
- KZPYGQFFRCFCPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1'-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene Chemical compound [Fe+2].C1=CC=C[C-]1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=C[C-]1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 KZPYGQFFRCFCPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QFMZQPDHXULLKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)CCP(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 QFMZQPDHXULLKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYCIHDBIKGRENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-bis[2,6-di(propan-2-yl)phenyl]-2h-imidazol-1-ium-2-ide Chemical group CC(C)C1=CC=CC(C(C)C)=C1N1C=CN(C=2C(=CC=CC=2C(C)C)C(C)C)[C]1 VYCIHDBIKGRENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VBOGZZSWHUXPPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,8-dibromo-5-(2-hexyldecyl)dithieno[3,2-b:3',2'-e]azepine-4,6-dione Chemical compound C1=2SC(Br)=CC=2C(=O)N(CC(CCCCCC)CCCCCCCC)C(=O)C2=C1SC(Br)=C2 VBOGZZSWHUXPPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZEMZPXWZVTUONV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-dicyclohexylphosphanylphenyl)-n,n-dimethylaniline Chemical group CN(C)C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1P(C1CCCCC1)C1CCCCC1 ZEMZPXWZVTUONV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JGFXUYLYPITYGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-diphenylphosphanylphenyl)-n,n-dimethylaniline Chemical group CN(C)C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 JGFXUYLYPITYGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-METHOXYETHANOL Chemical compound COCCO XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ASTCVHWNIWVQML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[1,3-bis[2,6-di(propan-2-yl)phenyl]imidazolidin-4-ylidene]-1H-1,10-phenanthroline Chemical compound C(C)(C)C1=C(C(=CC=C1)C(C)C)N1CN(C(C1)=C1NC2=C3N=CC=CC3=CC=C2C=C1)C1=C(C=CC=C1C(C)C)C(C)C ASTCVHWNIWVQML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LDJXFZUGZASGIW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 2-diphenylphosphanylethyl(diphenyl)phosphane;palladium(2+);dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Pd]Cl.C=1C=CC=CC=1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)CCP(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 LDJXFZUGZASGIW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- LDFBXJODFADZBN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 3-diphenylphosphanylpropyl(diphenyl)phosphane;palladium(2+);dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Pd]Cl.C=1C=CC=CC=1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)CCCP(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 LDFBXJODFADZBN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- DHDHJYNTEFLIHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=NC2=C1C=CC1=C(C=3C=CC=CC=3)C=CN=C21 DHDHJYNTEFLIHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BCJVBDBJSMFBRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-diphenylphosphanylbutyl(diphenyl)phosphane Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)CCCCP(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 BCJVBDBJSMFBRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BRPQDJPJBCQFSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5,6-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C)=C(C)C3=CC=CN=C3C2=N1 BRPQDJPJBCQFSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ROFVEXUMMXZLPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bipyridyl Chemical group N1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=N1 ROFVEXUMMXZLPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanide Chemical compound N#[C-] XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KWYHDKDOAIKMQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine Chemical compound CN(C)CCN(C)C KWYHDKDOAIKMQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DWAQJAXMDSEUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bisulfite Chemical compound [Na+].OS([O-])=O DWAQJAXMDSEUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical class [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZOIORXHNWRGPMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;zinc Chemical compound [Zn].CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O ZOIORXHNWRGPMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RBYGDVHOECIAFC-UHFFFAOYSA-L acetonitrile;palladium(2+);dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Pd+2].CC#N.CC#N RBYGDVHOECIAFC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000005104 aryl silyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- WXNOJTUTEXAZLD-UHFFFAOYSA-L benzonitrile;dichloropalladium Chemical compound Cl[Pd]Cl.N#CC1=CC=CC=C1.N#CC1=CC=CC=C1 WXNOJTUTEXAZLD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KWTSZCJMWHGPOS-UHFFFAOYSA-M chloro(trimethyl)stannane Chemical compound C[Sn](C)(C)Cl KWTSZCJMWHGPOS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KFGVRWGDTLZAAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopenta-1,3-diene dicyclohexyl(cyclopenta-1,3-dien-1-yl)phosphane iron(2+) Chemical compound [Fe++].c1cc[cH-]c1.C1CCC(CC1)P(C1CCCCC1)c1ccc[cH-]1 KFGVRWGDTLZAAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002704 decyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
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- BOUYBUIVMHNXQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N dicyclohexyl(2-dicyclohexylphosphanylethyl)phosphane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1P(C1CCCCC1)CCP(C1CCCCC1)C1CCCCC1 BOUYBUIVMHNXQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RSJBEKXKEUQLER-UHFFFAOYSA-N dicyclohexyl(3-dicyclohexylphosphanylpropyl)phosphane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1P(C1CCCCC1)CCCP(C1CCCCC1)C1CCCCC1 RSJBEKXKEUQLER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LCSNDSFWVKMJCT-UHFFFAOYSA-N dicyclohexyl-(2-phenylphenyl)phosphane Chemical group C1CCCCC1P(C=1C(=CC=CC=1)C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1CCCCC1 LCSNDSFWVKMJCT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GPVWUKXZFDHGMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dicyclohexyl-[2-(2-methylphenyl)phenyl]phosphane Chemical group CC1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1P(C1CCCCC1)C1CCCCC1 GPVWUKXZFDHGMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JURBTQKVGNFPRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ditert-butyl(methyl)phosphane Chemical compound CC(C)(C)P(C)C(C)(C)C JURBTQKVGNFPRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- UJNZOIKQAUQOCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl(diphenyl)phosphane Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1P(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 UJNZOIKQAUQOCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GTSFBKGHQLDFHU-UHFFFAOYSA-L methyl(diphenyl)phosphane;palladium(2+);dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Pd]Cl.C=1C=CC=CC=1P(C)C1=CC=CC=C1.C=1C=CC=CC=1P(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 GTSFBKGHQLDFHU-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- PBDBXAQKXCXZCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L palladium(2+);2,2,2-trifluoroacetate Chemical compound [Pd+2].[O-]C(=O)C(F)(F)F.[O-]C(=O)C(F)(F)F PBDBXAQKXCXZCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- YJVFFLUZDVXJQI-UHFFFAOYSA-L palladium(ii) acetate Chemical compound [Pd+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O YJVFFLUZDVXJQI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- JKDRQYIYVJVOPF-FDGPNNRMSA-L palladium(ii) acetylacetonate Chemical compound [Pd+2].C\C([O-])=C\C(C)=O.C\C([O-])=C\C(C)=O JKDRQYIYVJVOPF-FDGPNNRMSA-L 0.000 description 1
- INIOZDBICVTGEO-UHFFFAOYSA-L palladium(ii) bromide Chemical compound Br[Pd]Br INIOZDBICVTGEO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- QJPQVXSHYBGQGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium;triphenylphosphane Chemical compound [Pd].C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 QJPQVXSHYBGQGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000073 phosphorus hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005215 recombination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006798 recombination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MUSFRELEIXGPKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N selanylidenepalladium Chemical compound [Pd]=[Se] MUSFRELEIXGPKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940079827 sodium hydrogen sulfite Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- XHFLOLLMZOTPSM-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;hydrogen carbonate;hydrate Chemical class [OH-].[Na+].OC(O)=O XHFLOLLMZOTPSM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VNFWTIYUKDMAOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sphos Chemical group COC1=CC=CC(OC)=C1C1=CC=CC=C1P(C1CCCCC1)C1CCCCC1 VNFWTIYUKDMAOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KXCAEQNNTZANTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N stannane Chemical compound [SnH4] KXCAEQNNTZANTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000080 stannane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004079 stearyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- NRUVOKMCGYWODZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylidenepalladium Chemical compound [Pd]=S NRUVOKMCGYWODZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004434 sulfur atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- XSOKHXFFCGXDJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N telluride(2-) Chemical compound [Te-2] XSOKHXFFCGXDJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001981 tert-butyldimethylsilyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])[Si]([H])(C([H])([H])[H])[*]C(C([H])([H])[H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- UKTDFYOZPFNQOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributyl(thiophen-2-yl)stannane Chemical compound CCCC[Sn](CCCC)(CCCC)C1=CC=CS1 UKTDFYOZPFNQOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000002306 tributylsilyl group Chemical group C(CCC)[Si](CCCC)(CCCC)* 0.000 description 1
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- RXJKFRMDXUJTEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylphosphine Chemical compound CCP(CC)CC RXJKFRMDXUJTEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IGNTWNVBGLNYDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N triisopropylphosphine Chemical compound CC(C)P(C(C)C)C(C)C IGNTWNVBGLNYDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CCXTYQMZVYIQRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(3-methoxyphenyl)phosphane Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(P(C=2C=C(OC)C=CC=2)C=2C=C(OC)C=CC=2)=C1 CCXTYQMZVYIQRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFNXCUNDYSYVJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(3-methylphenyl)phosphane Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(P(C=2C=C(C)C=CC=2)C=2C=C(C)C=CC=2)=C1 LFNXCUNDYSYVJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UYUUAUOYLFIRJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(4-methoxyphenyl)phosphane Chemical compound C1=CC(OC)=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC(OC)=CC=1)C1=CC=C(OC)C=C1 UYUUAUOYLFIRJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WXAZIUYTQHYBFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(4-methylphenyl)phosphane Chemical compound C1=CC(C)=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC(C)=CC=1)C1=CC=C(C)C=C1 WXAZIUYTQHYBFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K10/00—Organic devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching; Organic capacitors or resistors having potential barriers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G61/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G61/12—Macromolecular compounds containing atoms other than carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Polyoxymethylene Polymers And Polymers With Carbon-To-Carbon Bonds (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
Description
本発明は、ベンゾビスチアゾール構造単位と、ビチオフェン構造単位またはシクロヘキサジチオフェンジオン構造単位とが交互に配置されている高分子化合物、該高分子化合物を含む有機半導体材料、該有機半導体材料を含む有機電子デバイス、および該有機電子デバイスを含む太陽電池モジュールに関する。The present invention relates to a polymeric compound in which benzobisthiazole structural units and bithiophene structural units or cyclohexadithiophenedione structural units are arranged alternately, an organic semiconductor material comprising the polymeric compound, an organic electronic device comprising the organic semiconductor material, and a solar cell module comprising the organic electronic device.
有機半導体材料は、有機エレクトロニクス分野において最も重要な材料の1つであり、電子供与性のp型有機半導体材料や電子受容性のn型有機半導体材料に分類できる。こうしたp型有機半導体材料やn型有機半導体材料を適切に組合せることによって様々な半導体素子を製造できる。半導体素子は、例えば、電子と正孔が再結合して形成する励起子(エキシトン)の作用によって発光する有機エレクトロルミネッセンスや、光を電力に変換する有機薄膜太陽電池、電流や電圧を制御する有機薄膜トランジスタなどの有機電子デバイスに用いられている。有機電子デバイスに用いられる有機半導体材料の一例が、例えば、特許文献1に開示されている。特許文献1に記載されている有機半導体材料は、特定のベンゾビスチアゾール骨格を有する構造単位を有する高分子化合物を含んでいる。Organic semiconductor materials are one of the most important materials in the field of organic electronics, and can be classified into p-type organic semiconductor materials that are electron donating and n-type organic semiconductor materials that are electron accepting. By appropriately combining such p-type and n-type organic semiconductor materials, various semiconductor elements can be manufactured. Semiconductor elements are used in organic electronic devices such as organic electroluminescence, which emits light by the action of excitons formed by the recombination of electrons and holes, organic thin-film solar cells that convert light into electricity, and organic thin-film transistors that control current and voltage. An example of an organic semiconductor material used in an organic electronic device is disclosed in, for example, Patent Document 1. The organic semiconductor material described in Patent Document 1 contains a polymer compound having a structural unit with a specific benzobisthiazole skeleton.
ところで、有機電子デバイスの中でも有機薄膜太陽電池は、大気中への二酸化炭素放出がないため環境保全に有用であり、また簡単な構造で製造も容易であることから、需要が高まっている。有機薄膜太陽電池は、太陽光のエネルギーを電力に変換する効率(光電変換効率η)が高いことが望まれる。光電変換効率ηは、短絡電流密度(Jsc)と開放電圧(Voc)と曲線因子(FF)の積[η=Jsc×Voc×FF]で算出される値であり、光電変換効率ηを高めるには、短絡電流密度(Jsc)、開放電圧(Voc)、または曲線因子(FF)のいずれかを向上させる必要がある。Among organic electronic devices, organic thin-film solar cells are useful for environmental conservation because they do not emit carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, and are also easy to manufacture due to their simple structure, so demand for them is increasing. It is desirable for organic thin-film solar cells to have a high efficiency in converting solar energy into electricity (photoelectric conversion efficiency η). The photoelectric conversion efficiency η is a value calculated by the product of the short-circuit current density (Jsc), the open-circuit voltage (Voc), and the fill factor (FF) [η = Jsc × Voc × FF], and in order to increase the photoelectric conversion efficiency η, it is necessary to improve either the short-circuit current density (Jsc), the open-circuit voltage (Voc), or the fill factor (FF).
光電変換効率ηを決定するパラメータのうち、短絡電流密度(Jsc)は、有機半導体材料の分子の密度など有機電子デバイスを作製するときの製造プロセスに大きく影響を受け、開放電圧(Voc)と曲線因子(FF)は、p型半導体とn型半導体の相分離状態や、有機半導体材料の分子構造に大きく影響を受けることが知られている。そこで有機半導体材料を構成する高分子化合物の分子構造を適正化すれば、開放電圧(Voc)と曲線因子(FF)の積[Voc×FF]を大きくすることができ、光電変換効率ηを高められると考えられる。Among the parameters that determine the photoelectric conversion efficiency η, the short-circuit current density (Jsc) is greatly affected by the manufacturing process when producing organic electronic devices, such as the molecular density of the organic semiconductor material, while the open circuit voltage (Voc) and fill factor (FF) are known to be greatly affected by the phase separation state of the p-type and n-type semiconductors and the molecular structure of the organic semiconductor material. Therefore, it is believed that by optimizing the molecular structure of the polymer compound that constitutes the organic semiconductor material, the product of the open circuit voltage (Voc) and the fill factor (FF) [Voc x FF] can be increased, thereby increasing the photoelectric conversion efficiency η.
本発明の目的は、有機電子デバイスの光電変換効率ηを高めることができる高分子化合物を提供することにある。また、本発明の他の目的は、上記高分子化合物を含む有機半導体材料、該有機半導体材料を含む有機電子デバイス、該有機電子デバイスを含む太陽電池モジュールを提供することにある。An object of the present invention is to provide a polymer compound capable of increasing the photoelectric conversion efficiency η of an organic electronic device. Another object of the present invention is to provide an organic semiconductor material containing the polymer compound, an organic electronic device containing the organic semiconductor material, and a solar cell module containing the organic electronic device.
本発明は、以下の発明を含む。
[1] 下記式(1)で表されるベンゾビスチアゾール構造単位と、下記式(2)で表されるビチオフェン構造単位または下記式(3)で表されるシクロヘキサジチオフェンジオン構造単位とが交互に配置されていることを特徴とする高分子化合物。
また、B1、B2は、それぞれ独立に、炭化水素基で置換されていてもよいチオフェン環であるか、炭化水素基で置換されていてもよいチアゾール環であるか、またはエチニレン基を表す。]
また、Rbは、それぞれ独立に、水素原子、または炭素数1~5の炭化水素基を表す。]
[2] T1、T2が、それぞれ独立に、下記式(t1)~式(t5)のいずれかで表される基である[1]に記載の高分子化合物。
R15、R16は、それぞれ独立に、炭素数6~30の炭化水素基、または*-Si(R18)3で表される基を表す。
R17は、それぞれ独立に、炭素数6~30の炭化水素基、*-Si(R18)3、*-O-R19、*-S-R20、*-CF3、またはハロゲン原子を表す。
n1は1~3の整数、n2は1または2、n3は1~5の整数をそれぞれ表し、複数のR15は同一でも異なっていてもよく、複数のR16は同一でも異なっていてもよく、複数のR17は同一でも異なっていてもよい。
R18は、それぞれ独立に、炭素数1~20の脂肪族炭化水素基、または炭素数6~10の芳香族炭化水素基を表し、複数のR18は同一でも異なっていてもよい。
R19、R20は、それぞれ独立に、炭素数6~30の炭化水素基を表す。
*は、結合手を表す。]
[3] B1、B2が、それぞれ独立に、下記式(b1)~式(b3)のいずれかで表される基である[1]または[2]に記載の高分子化合物。
n4は0~2の整数、n5は0または1を表し、複数のR21は同一でも異なっていてもよい。
*は、結合手を表し、左側の*は、ベンゾビスチアゾール構造単位のベンゼン環に結合する結合手を表す。]
[4] ドナー-アクセプター型半導体高分子化合物である[1]~[3]のいずれかに記載の高分子化合物。
[5] [1]~[4]のいずれかに記載の高分子化合物を含むことを特徴とする有機半導体材料。
[6] [5]に記載の有機半導体材料を含むことを特徴とする有機電子デバイス。
[7] 有機薄膜太陽電池である[6]に記載の有機電子デバイス。
[8] [7]に記載の有機電子デバイスを含むことを特徴とする太陽電池モジュール。
The present invention includes the following inventions.
[1] A polymer compound characterized in that a benzobisthiazole structural unit represented by the following formula (1) and a bithiophene structural unit represented by the following formula (2) or a cyclohexadithiophenedione structural unit represented by the following formula (3) are arranged alternately.
Furthermore, B 1 and B 2 each independently represent a thiophene ring which may be substituted with a hydrocarbon group, a thiazole ring which may be substituted with a hydrocarbon group, or an ethynylene group.]
Each R b independently represents a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms.
[2] The polymer compound according to [1], wherein T 1 and T 2 are each independently a group represented by any one of the following formulas (t1) to (t5):
R 15 and R 16 each independently represent a hydrocarbon group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms or a group represented by *-Si(R 18 ) 3 .
R 17 each independently represents a hydrocarbon group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, *-Si(R 18 ) 3 , *-O-R 19 , *-S-R 20 , *-CF 3 or a halogen atom.
n1 represents an integer of 1 to 3, n2 represents 1 or 2, and n3 represents an integer of 1 to 5; multiple R 15s may be the same or different, multiple R 16s may be the same or different, and multiple R 17s may be the same or different.
Each R 18 independently represents an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms or an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, and multiple R 18 may be the same or different.
R 19 and R 20 each independently represent a hydrocarbon group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms.
* represents a bond.
[3] The polymer compound according to [1] or [ 2 ], wherein B 1 and B 2 are each independently a group represented by any one of the following formulas (b1) to (b3):
n4 represents an integer of 0 to 2, n5 represents 0 or 1, and multiple R 21 may be the same or different.
* represents a bond, and the * on the left represents a bond bonded to the benzene ring of the benzobisthiazole structural unit.
[4] The polymer compound according to any one of [1] to [3], which is a donor-acceptor type semiconducting polymer compound.
[5] An organic semiconductor material comprising the polymer compound according to any one of [1] to [4].
[6] An organic electronic device comprising the organic semiconductor material according to [5].
[7] The organic electronic device according to [6], which is an organic thin-film solar cell.
[8] A solar cell module comprising the organic electronic device according to [7].
本発明の高分子化合物は、特定のベンゾビスチアゾール構造単位と、特定のビチオフェン構造単位または特定のシクロヘキサジチオフェンジオン構造単位とが交互に配置されている。この高分子化合物を含む有機半導体材料を用いることによって、有機電子デバイスの光電変換効率ηを高めることができる。また、本発明によれば、上記高分子化合物を含む有機半導体材料、該有機半導体材料を含む有機電子デバイス、該有機電子デバイスを含む太陽電池モジュールを提供できる。The polymer compound of the present invention has a specific benzobisthiazole structural unit and a specific bithiophene structural unit or a specific cyclohexadithiophenedione structural unit arranged alternately. By using an organic semiconductor material containing this polymer compound, the photoelectric conversion efficiency η of an organic electronic device can be increased. In addition, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide an organic semiconductor material containing the above polymer compound, an organic electronic device containing the organic semiconductor material, and a solar cell module containing the organic electronic device.
本発明者らは、上記課題を解決するために鋭意検討を重ねてきた。その結果、有機電子デバイスの光電変換効率ηを高めるために開放電圧(Voc)と曲線因子(FF)の積[Voc×FF]を大きくするには、高分子化合物の分子構造を、特定のベンゾビスチアゾール構造単位と、特定のビチオフェン構造単位または特定のシクロヘキサジチオフェンジオン構造単位とが交互に配置されている構造とし、この高分子化合物を含む有機半導体材料を用いて有機電子デバイスを作製すればよいことを見出し、本発明を完成した。The present inventors have conducted intensive research to solve the above problems. As a result, they have discovered that in order to increase the product [Voc × FF] of the open circuit voltage (Voc) and the fill factor (FF) in order to increase the photoelectric conversion efficiency η of an organic electronic device, it is sufficient to make the molecular structure of a polymer compound a structure in which a specific benzobisthiazole structural unit and a specific bithiophene structural unit or a specific cyclohexadithiophenedione structural unit are alternately arranged, and to fabricate an organic electronic device using an organic semiconductor material containing this polymer compound, thereby completing the present invention.
以下、本発明について詳細に説明する。 The present invention is described in detail below.
本発明の高分子化合物は、下記式(1)で表されるベンゾビスチアゾール構造単位と、下記式(2)で表されるビチオフェン構造単位または下記式(3)で表されるシクロヘキサジチオフェンジオン構造単位とが交互に配置されている点に特徴を有する。The polymer compound of the present invention is characterized in that benzobisthiazole structural units represented by the following formula (1) and bithiophene structural units represented by the following formula (2) or cyclohexadithiophenedione structural units represented by the following formula (3) are arranged alternately.
上記式(1)中、T1、T2は、それぞれ独立に、アルコキシ基であるか、チオアルコキシ基であるか、炭化水素基またはオルガノシリル基で置換されていてもよいチオフェン環であるか、炭化水素基またはオルガノシリル基で置換されていてもよいチアゾール環であるか、炭化水素基、オルガノシリル基、アルコキシ基、チオアルコキシ基、トリフルオロメチル基、またはハロゲン原子で置換されていてもよいフェニル基を表す。また、B1、B2は、それぞれ独立に、炭化水素基で置換されていてもよいチオフェン環であるか、炭化水素基で置換されていてもよいチアゾール環であるか、またはエチニレン基を表す。 In the above formula (1), T1 and T2 each independently represent an alkoxy group, a thioalkoxy group, a thiophene ring which may be substituted with a hydrocarbon group or an organosilyl group, a thiazole ring which may be substituted with a hydrocarbon group or an organosilyl group, a hydrocarbon group, an organosilyl group, an alkoxy group, a thioalkoxy group, a trifluoromethyl group, or a phenyl group which may be substituted with a halogen atom. Also, B1 and B2 each independently represent a thiophene ring which may be substituted with a hydrocarbon group, a thiazole ring which may be substituted with a hydrocarbon group, or an ethynylene group.
上記式(2)中、Raは、Ra1または*-Ra2-O-Ra1を表す。Ra1は、炭素数6~30の炭化水素基を表し、Ra2は、炭素数1~5の炭化水素基を表し、*は結合手を表す。また、Rbは、それぞれ独立に、水素原子、または炭素数1~5の炭化水素基を表す。 In the above formula (2), R a represents R a1 or *-R a2 -O-R a1 . R a1 represents a hydrocarbon group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, R a2 represents a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and * represents a bond. Each R b independently represents a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms.
上記式(3)中、Rc、Rdは、それぞれ独立に、炭素数6~30の炭化水素基を表す。 In the above formula (3), R c and R d each independently represent a hydrocarbon group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms.
上記高分子化合物は、分子構造が適正化されているため、有機電子デバイスの光電変換効率ηを決定付けるファクターのうち、有機半導体材料に影響を受ける開放電圧(Voc)と曲線因子(FF)の積[Voc×FF]を大きくすることができる。その結果、光電変換効率ηを高めることができ、しかも出力を安定させることができる。 The above polymer compound has an optimized molecular structure, which makes it possible to increase the product [Voc x FF] of the open circuit voltage (Voc) and the fill factor (FF), which are influenced by the organic semiconductor material and are among the factors that determine the photoelectric conversion efficiency η of an organic electronic device. As a result, the photoelectric conversion efficiency η can be increased and the output can be stabilized.
[ベンゾビスチアゾール構造単位]
上記式(1)で表されるベンゾビスチアゾール構造単位では、T1、T2は、それぞれ独立に、アルコキシ基であるか、チオアルコキシ基であるか、チオフェン環であるか、チアゾール環であるか、フェニル基を表す。チオフェン環は、炭化水素基またはオルガノシリル基で置換されていてもよく、チアゾール環は、炭化水素基またはオルガノシリル基で置換されていてもよく、フェニル基は、炭化水素基、オルガノシリル基、アルコキシ基、チオアルコキシ基、トリフルオロメチル基、またはハロゲン原子で置換されていてもよい。上記ハロゲン原子としては、フッ素、塩素、臭素、ヨウ素のいずれも用いることができる。
[Benzobisthiazole structural unit]
In the benzobisthiazole structural unit represented by the above formula (1), T1 and T2 each independently represent an alkoxy group, a thioalkoxy group, a thiophene ring, a thiazole ring, or a phenyl group. The thiophene ring may be substituted with a hydrocarbon group or an organosilyl group, the thiazole ring may be substituted with a hydrocarbon group or an organosilyl group, and the phenyl group may be substituted with a hydrocarbon group, an organosilyl group, an alkoxy group, a thioalkoxy group, a trifluoromethyl group, or a halogen atom. Any of fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine can be used as the halogen atom.
上記オルガノシリル基は、Si原子に1個以上の炭化水素基が置換した1価の基を意味するものとし、Si原子に置換する炭化水素基の数は、2個以上が好ましく、3個がさらに好ましい。The above organosilyl group means a monovalent group in which one or more hydrocarbon groups are substituted on a Si atom, and the number of hydrocarbon groups substituted on the Si atom is preferably two or more, and more preferably three.
上記T1、T2は、互いに同一であっても異なっていてもよいが、製造が容易である観点からは、同一であることが好ましい。 The above T 1 and T 2 may be the same or different from each other, but from the viewpoint of ease of production, it is preferable that they are the same.
上記T1、T2は、それぞれ独立に、下記式(t1)~式(t5)のいずれかで表される基が好ましい。即ち、上記T1、T2で表されるアルコキシ基としては下記式(t1)で表される基が好ましく、上記T1、T2で表されるチオアルコキシ基としては下記式(t2)で表される基が好ましく、上記T1、T2で表されるチオフェン環としては下記式(t3)で表される基が好ましく、上記T1、T2で表されるチアゾール環としては下記式(t4)で表される基が好ましく、上記T1、T2で表されるフェニル基としては下記式(t5)で表される基が好ましい。上記T1、T2が下記式(t1)~式(t5)のいずれかで表される基であると、短波長の光を吸収することができるとともに、高い平面性を有することから効率的にπ-πスタッキングが形成されるため、光電変換効率ηをより一層高めることができる。 The above T 1 and T 2 are preferably each independently a group represented by any one of the following formulas (t1) to (t5). That is, the alkoxy group represented by the above T 1 and T 2 is preferably a group represented by the following formula (t1), the thioalkoxy group represented by the above T 1 and T 2 is preferably a group represented by the following formula (t2), the thiophene ring represented by the above T 1 and T 2 is preferably a group represented by the following formula (t3), the thiazole ring represented by the above T 1 and T 2 is preferably a group represented by the following formula (t4), and the phenyl group represented by the above T 1 and T 2 is preferably a group represented by the following formula (t5). When the above T 1 and T 2 are a group represented by any one of the following formulas (t1) to (t5), it is possible to absorb light of a short wavelength and have high planarity, so that π-π stacking is efficiently formed, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency η can be further increased.
上記式(t1)~式(t5)中、R13、R14は、それぞれ独立に、炭素数6~30の炭化水素基を表す。R15、R16は、それぞれ独立に、炭素数6~30の炭化水素基、または*-Si(R18)3で表される基を表す。R17は、それぞれ独立に、炭素数6~30の炭化水素基、*-Si(R18)3、*-O-R19、*-S-R20、*-CF3、またはハロゲン原子を表す。n1は1~3の整数、n2は1または2、n3は1~5の整数をそれぞれ表し、複数のR15は同一でも異なっていてもよく、複数のR16は同一でも異なっていてもよく、複数のR17は同一でも異なっていてもよい。R18は、それぞれ独立に、炭素数1~20の脂肪族炭化水素基、または炭素数6~10の芳香族炭化水素基を表し、複数のR18は同一でも異なっていてもよい。R19、R20は、それぞれ独立に、炭素数6~30の炭化水素基を表す。*は、結合手を表す。 In the above formulae (t1) to (t5), R 13 and R 14 each independently represent a hydrocarbon group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms. R 15 and R 16 each independently represent a hydrocarbon group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, or a group represented by *-Si(R 18 ) 3. R 17 each independently represent a hydrocarbon group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, *-Si(R 18 ) 3 , *-O-R 19 , *-S-R 20 , *-CF 3 , or a halogen atom. n1 represents an integer of 1 to 3, n2 represents 1 or 2, and n3 represents an integer of 1 to 5, and multiple R 15s may be the same or different, multiple R 16s may be the same or different, and multiple R 17s may be the same or different. Each R 18 independently represents an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms or an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, and multiple R 18 may be the same or different. Each R 19 and R 20 independently represents a hydrocarbon group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms. * represents a bond.
上記式(t1)~式(t5)において、R13~R17で表される炭素数6~30の炭化水素基としては、分岐を有する炭化水素基が好ましく、より好ましくは分岐鎖状飽和炭化水素基である。R13~R17で表される炭化水素基が分岐を有することにより、有機溶剤への溶解度を上げることができ、本発明の高分子化合物は適度な結晶性を得ることができる。 In the above formulas (t1) to (t5), the hydrocarbon group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms represented by R 13 to R 17 is preferably a branched hydrocarbon group, more preferably a branched saturated hydrocarbon group. By having a branch in the hydrocarbon group represented by R 13 to R 17 , the solubility in organic solvents can be increased, and the polymer compound of the present invention can obtain appropriate crystallinity.
上記R13~R17で表される炭化水素基の炭素数は、大きいほど有機溶剤への溶解度を向上させることができるが、大きくなり過ぎると後述するカップリング反応における反応性が低下するため、高分子化合物の合成が困難となる。そのためR13~R17で表される炭化水素基の炭素数は6~30が好ましく、より好ましくは8~25、更に好ましくは8~20、特に好ましくは8~16である。 The larger the number of carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon group represented by R 13 to R 17 , the more the solubility in organic solvents can be improved, but if the number is too large, the reactivity in the coupling reaction described below decreases, making it difficult to synthesize a polymer compound. Therefore, the number of carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon group represented by R 13 to R 17 is preferably 6 to 30, more preferably 8 to 25, even more preferably 8 to 20, and particularly preferably 8 to 16.
上記R13~R17で表される炭化水素基としては、具体的には、n-ヘキシル基等の炭素数6のアルキル基;n-ヘプチル基等の炭素数7のアルキル基;n-オクチル基、1-n-ブチルブチル基、1-n-プロピルペンチル基、1-エチルヘキシル基、2-エチルヘキシル基、3-エチルヘキシル基、4-エチルヘキシル基、1-メチルヘプチル基、2-メチルヘプチル基、6-メチルヘプチル基、2,4,4-トリメチルペンチル基、2,5-ジメチルヘキシル基等の炭素数8のアルキル基;n-ノニル基、1-n-プロピルヘキシル基、2-n-プロピルヘキシル基、1-エチルヘプチル基、2-エチルヘプチル基、1-メチルオクチル基、2-メチルオクチル基、6-メチルオクチル基、2,3,3,4-テトラメチルペンチル基、3,5,5-トリメチルヘキシル基等の炭素数9のアルキル基;n-デシル基、1-n-ペンチルペンチル基、1-n-ブチルヘキシル基、2-n-ブチルヘキシル基、1-n-プロピルヘプチル基、1-エチルオクチル基、2-エチルオクチル基、1-メチルノニル基、2-メチルノニル基、3,7-ジメチルオクチル基等の炭素数10のアルキル基;n-ウンデシル基、1-n-ブチルヘプチル基、2-n-ブチルヘプチル基、1-n-プロピルオクチル基、2-n-プロピルオクチル基、1-エチルノニル基、2-エチルノニル基等の炭素数11のアルキル基;n-ドデシル基、1-n-ペンチルヘプチル基、2-n-ペンチルヘプチル基、1-n-ブチルオクチル基、2-n-ブチルオクチル基、1-n-プロピルノニル基、2-n-プロピルノニル基等の炭素数12のアルキル基;n-トリデシル基、1-n-ペンチルオクチル基、2-n-ペンチルオクチル基、1-n-ブチルノニル基、2-n-ブチルノニル基、1-メチルドデシル基、2-メチルドデシル基等の炭素数13のアルキル基;n-テトラデシル基、1-n-ヘプチルヘプチル基、1-n-ヘキシルオクチル基、2-n-ヘキシルオクチル基、1-n-ペンチルノニル基、2-n-ペンチルノニル基等の炭素数14のアルキル基;n-ペンタデシル基、1-n-ヘプチルオクチル基、1-n-ヘキシルノニル基、2-n-ヘキシルノニル基等の炭素数15のアルキル基;n-ヘキサデシル基、2-n-ヘキシルデシル基、1-n-オクチルオクチル基、1-n-ヘプチルノニル基、2-n-ヘプチルノニル基等の炭素数16のアルキル基;n-ヘプタデシル基、1-n-オクチルノニル基等の炭素数17のアルキル基;n-オクタデシル基、1-n-ノニルノニル基等の炭素数18のアルキル基;n-ノナデシル基等の炭素数19のアルキル基;n-エイコシル基、2-n-オクチルドデシル基等の炭素数20のアルキル基;n-ヘンエイコシル基等の炭素数21のアルキル基;n-ドコシル基等の炭素数22のアルキル基;n-トリコシル基等の炭素数23のアルキル基;n-テトラコシル基、2-n-デシルテトラデシル基等の炭素数24のアルキル基;等が挙げられる。中でも、特に好ましくは2-エチルヘキシル基、3,7-ジメチルオクチル基、2-n-ブチルオクチル基、2-n-ヘキシルデシル基、2-n-オクチルドデシル基、2-n-デシルテトラデシル基である。R13~R17で表される炭化水素基が上記の基であると、本発明の高分子化合物は、有機溶剤への溶解度が向上し、適度な結晶性を有する。上記R13~R17で表される炭化水素基は、特に炭素数8~16の分岐鎖状アルキル基であることが好ましい。 Specific examples of the hydrocarbon groups represented by R 13 to R 17 include alkyl groups having 6 carbon atoms, such as an n-hexyl group; alkyl groups having 7 carbon atoms, such as an n-heptyl group; alkyl groups having 8 carbon atoms, such as an n-octyl group, 1-n-butylbutyl group, 1-n-propylpentyl group, 1-ethylhexyl group, 2-ethylhexyl group, 3-ethylhexyl group, 4-ethylhexyl group, 1-methylheptyl group, 2-methylheptyl group, 6-methylheptyl group, 2,4,4-trimethylpentyl group, and 2,5-dimethylhexyl group; alkyl groups having 8 carbon atoms, such as an n-nonyl group, 1-n-propylhexyl group, 2-n-propylhexyl group, 1-ethylheptyl group, 2-ethylheptyl group, 1-methyloctyl group, 2-methyloctyl group, 6-methyloctyl group, 2,3,3 alkyl groups having 9 carbon atoms, such as n-decyl, 1-n-pentylpentyl, 1-n-butylhexyl, 2-n-butylhexyl, 1-n-propylheptyl, 1-ethyloctyl, 2-ethyloctyl, 1-methylnonyl, 2-methylnonyl, and 3,7-dimethyloctyl; alkyl groups having 10 carbon atoms, such as n-undecyl, 1-n-butylheptyl, 2-n-butylheptyl, 1-n-propyloctyl, 2-n-propyloctyl, 1-ethylnonyl, and 2-ethylnonyl; alkyl groups having 11 carbon atoms, such as n-dodecyl, 1-n-pentylheptyl, 2-n-pentylheptyl, 1-n-butyl alkyl groups having 12 carbon atoms, such as n-tridecyl group, 1-n-pentyloctyl group, 2-n-pentyloctyl group, 1-n-butylnonyl group, 2-n-butylnonyl group, 1-methyldodecyl group, 2-methyldodecyl group, etc.; alkyl groups having 13 carbon atoms, such as n-tetradecyl group, 1-n-heptylheptyl group, 1-n-hexyloctyl group, 2-n-hexyloctyl group, 1-n-pentylnonyl group, 2-n-pentylnonyl group, etc.; alkyl groups having 14 carbon atoms, such as n-pentadecyl group, 1-n-heptyloctyl group, 1-n-hexylnonyl group, 2-n-hexylnonyl group, etc.; alkyl groups having 15 carbon atoms, such as n-pentadecyl group, 1-n-heptyloctyl group, 1-n-hexylnonyl group, 2-n-hexylnonyl group, etc.; alkyl groups having 16 carbon atoms, such as a decyl group, a 2-n-hexyldecyl group, a 1-n-octyloctyl group, a 1-n-heptylnonyl group, and a 2-n-heptylnonyl group; alkyl groups having 17 carbon atoms, such as an n-heptadecyl group and a 1-n-octylnonyl group; alkyl groups having 18 carbon atoms, such as an n-octadecyl group and a 1-n-nonylnonyl group; alkyl groups having 19 carbon atoms, such as an n-nonadecyl group; alkyl groups having 20 carbon atoms, such as an n-eicosyl group and a 2-n-octyldodecyl group; alkyl groups having 21 carbon atoms, such as an n-heneicosyl group; alkyl groups having 22 carbon atoms, such as an n-docosyl group; alkyl groups having 23 carbon atoms, such as an n-tricosyl group; alkyl groups having 24 carbon atoms, such as an n-tetracosyl group and a 2-n-decyltetradecyl group; and the like. Among these, particularly preferred are 2-ethylhexyl, 3,7-dimethyloctyl, 2-n-butyloctyl, 2-n-hexyldecyl, 2-n-octyldodecyl and 2-n-decyltetradecyl groups. When the hydrocarbon groups represented by R 13 to R 17 are the above groups, the polymer compound of the present invention has improved solubility in organic solvents and appropriate crystallinity. The hydrocarbon groups represented by R 13 to R 17 are particularly preferably branched alkyl groups having 8 to 16 carbon atoms.
上記式(t3)~式(t5)において、R15~R17で表される*-Si(R18)3の基におけるR18は、それぞれ独立に、炭素数1~20の脂肪族炭化水素基、または炭素数6~10の芳香族炭化水素基を表し、複数のR18は同一でも異なっていてもよい。R15~R17が*-Si(R18)3で表される基であると、本発明の高分子化合物は、有機溶剤への溶解度が向上する。 In the above formulas (t3) to (t5), R 18 in the group *-Si(R 18 ) 3 represented by R 15 to R 17 each independently represents an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms or an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, and multiple R 18 may be the same or different. When R 15 to R 17 are groups represented by *-Si(R 18 ) 3 , the polymer compound of the present invention has improved solubility in organic solvents.
上記R17で表されるハロゲン原子は、フッ素、塩素、臭素、ヨウ素が好ましい。 The halogen atom represented by R 17 is preferably fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine.
上記R18で表される脂肪族炭化水素基の炭素数は、好ましくは1~18であり、より好ましくは1~8である。R18で表される脂肪族炭化水素基としては、例えば、メチル基、エチル基、n-プロピル基、イソプロピル基、n-ブチル基、tert-ブチル基、イソブチル基、n-ペンチル基、tert-ペンチル基、イソペンチル基、n-ヘキシル基、n-ヘプチル基、n-オクチル基、2-エチルヘキシル基、n-ノニル基、n-デシル基、n-ウンデシル基、n-ドデシル基、2-オクチルブチル基、n-トリデシル基、n-テトラデシル基、n-ペンタデシル基、n-ヘキサデシル基、2-ヘキサデシル基、n-ヘプタデシル基、オクタデシル基等が挙げられる。R18で表される芳香族炭化水素基の炭素数は、好ましくは6~8であり、より好ましくは6または7であり、特に好ましくは6である。R18で表される芳香族炭化水素基としては、例えば、フェニル基等が挙げられる。中でも、R18としては、炭素数1~20の脂肪族炭化水素基が好ましく、より好ましくは分岐を有する炭素数1~20の脂肪族炭化水素基であり、特に好ましくはイソプロピル基である。 The number of carbon atoms in the aliphatic hydrocarbon group represented by R 18 is preferably 1 to 18, and more preferably 1 to 8. Examples of the aliphatic hydrocarbon group represented by R 18 include methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, tert-butyl, isobutyl, n-pentyl, tert-pentyl, isopentyl, n-hexyl, n-heptyl, n-octyl, 2-ethylhexyl, n-nonyl, n-decyl, n-undecyl, n-dodecyl, 2-octylbutyl, n-tridecyl, n-tetradecyl, n-pentadecyl, n-hexadecyl, 2-hexadecyl, n-heptadecyl, and octadecyl groups. The number of carbon atoms in the aromatic hydrocarbon group represented by R 18 is preferably 6 to 8, more preferably 6 or 7, and particularly preferably 6. Examples of aromatic hydrocarbon groups represented by R 18 include a phenyl group, etc. Among them, R 18 is preferably an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, more preferably a branched aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and particularly preferably an isopropyl group.
複数のR18は、同一でも異なっていてもよいが、同一であることが好ましい。 A plurality of R 18 may be the same or different, but it is preferable that they are the same.
上記式(t3)~式(t5)において、R15~R17で表される*-Si(R18)3の基としては、具体的には、トリメチルシリル基、エチルジメチルシリル基、イソプロピルジメチルシリル基、トリイソプロピルシリル基、tert-ブチルジメチルシリル基、トリエチルシリル基、トリイソブチルシリル基、トリプロピルシリル基、トリブチルシリル基、ジメチルフェニルシリル基、メチルジフェニルシリル基等のアルキルシリル基;トリフェニルシリル基、tert-ブチルクロロジフェニルシリル基等のアリールシリル基;等が挙げられる。中でも、アルキルシリル基が好ましく、トリメチルシリル基またはトリイソプロピルシリル基が特に好ましい。 In the above formulas (t3) to (t5), specific examples of the *-Si( R ) 3 group represented by R 15 to R 17 include alkylsilyl groups such as trimethylsilyl group, ethyldimethylsilyl group, isopropyldimethylsilyl group, triisopropylsilyl group, tert-butyldimethylsilyl group, triethylsilyl group, triisobutylsilyl group, tripropylsilyl group, tributylsilyl group, dimethylphenylsilyl group, and methyldiphenylsilyl group; arylsilyl groups such as triphenylsilyl group and tert-butylchlorodiphenylsilyl group; and the like. Among these, alkylsilyl groups are preferred, and trimethylsilyl group or triisopropylsilyl group is particularly preferred.
上記式(t5)において、R17で表される*-O-R19または*-S-R20の基におけるR19またはR20は、それぞれ独立に、炭素数6~30の炭化水素基を表し、炭素数6~30の炭化水素基としては、上記R13~R17で表される炭素数6~30の炭化水素基として例示した基を好ましく用いることができる。 In the above formula (t5), R 19 and R 20 in the group *-O-R 19 or *-S-R 20 represented by R 17 each independently represent a hydrocarbon group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, and as the hydrocarbon group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, the groups exemplified as the hydrocarbon group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms represented by R 13 to R 17 above can be preferably used.
上記式(t3)において、複数のR15は、同一でも異なっていてもよいが、同一であることが好ましい。n1は1または2が好ましく、より好ましくは1である。 In the above formula (t3), the multiple R 15 may be the same or different, but are preferably the same. n1 is preferably 1 or 2, and more preferably 1.
上記式(t4)において、複数のR16は、同一でも異なっていてもよいが、同一であることが好ましい。n2は1が好ましい。 In the above formula (t4), the multiple R 16 may be the same or different, but are preferably the same.
上記式(t5)において、複数のR17は、同一でも異なっていてもよいが、同一であることが好ましい。n3は1~3の整数が好ましく、より好ましくは1または2であり、更に好ましくは1である。 In the above formula (t5), the multiple R 17 may be the same or different, but are preferably the same. n3 is preferably an integer of 1 to 3, more preferably 1 or 2, and even more preferably 1.
T1、T2としては、電子供与性の基、或いは電子求引性の基を用いることができる。 As T 1 and T 2 , an electron donating group or an electron withdrawing group can be used.
電子供与性の基としては、下記式(t1)~式(t3)のいずれかで表される基が挙げられる。Examples of electron-donating groups include groups represented by any of the following formulas (t1) to (t3).
上記式(t1)~式(t3)中、*は、ベンゾビスチアゾール構造単位のチアゾール環に結合する結合手を表す。In the above formulas (t1) to (t3), * represents a bond bonded to the thiazole ring of the benzobisthiazole structural unit.
上記R13~R15は、前記と同様の基を表す。n1は、上記と同義である。 The above R 13 to R 15 represent the same groups as defined above. n1 has the same meaning as defined above.
電子供与性基としては、上記式(1)で表される構造単位全体として平面性に優れる観点から、上記式(t1)または上記式(t3)で表される基がより好ましく、上記式(t3)で表される基がさらに好ましく、下記式(t3-1)~(t3-16)で表される基が特に好ましい。下記式(t3-1)~(t3-16)中、*は結合手を表す。As the electron-donating group, from the viewpoint of excellent planarity of the structural unit represented by the above formula (1) as a whole, a group represented by the above formula (t1) or the above formula (t3) is more preferable, a group represented by the above formula (t3) is even more preferable, and a group represented by the following formulas (t3-1) to (t3-16) is particularly preferable. In the following formulas (t3-1) to (t3-16), * represents a bond.
電子求引性の基としては、下記式(t4)または下記式(t5)で表される基が挙げられる。Examples of electron-withdrawing groups include groups represented by the following formula (t4) or the following formula (t5).
上記式(t4)、式(t5)中、*は、ベンゾビスチアゾール構造単位のチアゾール環に結合する結合手を表す。In the above formulas (t4) and (t5), * represents a bond bonded to the thiazole ring of the benzobisthiazole structural unit.
上記R16、R17は、前記と同様の基を表す。n2、n3は、上記と同義である。 R 16 and R 17 are the same as those defined above. n2 and n3 are the same as those defined above.
上記式(1)で表されるベンゾビスチアゾール構造単位では、B1、B2は、それぞれ独立に、チオフェン環であるか、チアゾール環であるか、またはエチニレン基を表す。チオフェン環は、炭化水素基で置換されていてもよく、チアゾール環は、炭化水素基で置換されていてもよい。 In the benzobisthiazole structural unit represented by the above formula (1), B1 and B2 each independently represent a thiophene ring, a thiazole ring, or an ethynylene group. The thiophene ring may be substituted with a hydrocarbon group, and the thiazole ring may be substituted with a hydrocarbon group.
上記B1、B2は、互いに同一であっても異なっていてもよいが、製造が容易である観点からは、同一であることが好ましい。 The above B 1 and B 2 may be the same or different from each other, but from the viewpoint of ease of production, it is preferable that they are the same.
上記B1、B2は、それぞれ独立に、下記式(b1)~式(b3)のいずれかで表される基が好ましい。即ち、上記B1、B2で表されるチオフェン環としては下記式(b1)で表される基が好ましく、上記B1、B2で表されるチアゾール環としては下記式(b2)で表される基が好ましく、上記B1、B2で表されるエチニレン基としては下記式(b3)で表される基が好ましい。上記B1、B2が下記式(b1)、式(b2)で表される基であると、上記式(1)で表されるベンゾビスチアゾール構造単位全体として平面性に優れるとともに、得られる高分子化合物全体としても平面性に優れる。また、上記B1、B2が下記式(b1)、式(b2)で表される基であると、ベンゾビスチアゾール構造単位中でS原子とN原子の相互作用が生じ、平面性がさらに向上する。その結果、光電変換効率ηをより一層高めることができる。 The above B 1 and B 2 are preferably each independently a group represented by any one of the following formulas (b1) to (b3). That is, the thiophene ring represented by the above B 1 and B 2 is preferably a group represented by the following formula (b1), the thiazole ring represented by the above B 1 and B 2 is preferably a group represented by the following formula (b2), and the ethynylene group represented by the above B 1 and B 2 is preferably a group represented by the following formula (b3). When the above B 1 and B 2 are groups represented by the following formulas (b1) and (b2), the benzobisthiazole structural unit represented by the above formula (1) has excellent planarity as a whole, and the obtained polymer compound has excellent planarity as a whole. In addition, when the above B 1 and B 2 are groups represented by the following formulas (b1) and (b2), an interaction between an S atom and an N atom occurs in the benzobisthiazole structural unit, and the planarity is further improved. As a result, the photoelectric conversion efficiency η can be further increased.
上記式(b1)~式(b3)中、R21、R22は、それぞれ独立に、炭素数6~30の炭化水素基を表す。n4は0~2の整数、n5は0または1を表し、複数のR21は同一でも異なっていてもよい。*は、結合手を表し、左側の*は、ベンゾビスチアゾール構造単位のベンゼン環に結合する結合手を表す。 In the above formulas (b1) to (b3), R 21 and R 22 each independently represent a hydrocarbon group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms. n4 represents an integer of 0 to 2, n5 represents 0 or 1, and multiple R 21 may be the same or different. * represents a bond, and the * on the left represents a bond bonded to the benzene ring of the benzobisthiazole structural unit.
上記式(b1)、式(b2)において、R21、R22が炭素数6~30の炭化水素基であると、光電変換効率ηをより一層高められる可能性があるため好ましい。 In the above formula (b1) and formula (b2), it is preferable that R 21 and R 22 are hydrocarbon groups having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, since this may further increase the photoelectric conversion efficiency η.
上記式(b1)、式(b2)において、R21、R22で表される炭素数6~30の炭化水素基としては、上記R13~R17で表される炭素数6~30の炭化水素基として例示した基を好ましく用いることができる。 In the above formulas (b1) and (b2), as the hydrocarbon group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms represented by R 21 and R 22 , the groups exemplified as the hydrocarbon group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms represented by R 13 to R 17 above can be preferably used.
上記式(b1)において、複数のR21は、同一でも異なっていてもよいが、同一であることが好ましい。n4は0または1が好ましく、より好ましくは0である。n4が0であると、ドナー-アクセプター型半導体ポリマーの形成が容易であるため好ましい。 In the above formula (b1), the multiple R 21 may be the same or different, but are preferably the same. n4 is preferably 0 or 1, and more preferably 0. When n4 is 0, it is preferable because it is easy to form a donor-acceptor type semiconducting polymer.
上記式(b2)において、n5は0が好ましい。n5が0であると、ドナー-アクセプター型半導体ポリマーの形成が容易であるため好ましい。In the above formula (b2), n5 is preferably 0. When n5 is 0, it is preferable because it is easy to form a donor-acceptor type semiconducting polymer.
上記式(1)で表されるベンゾビスチアゾール構造単位としては、具体的には、下記式(1-1)~式(1-48)で表される構造単位が挙げられる。 Specific examples of the benzobisthiazole structural unit represented by the above formula (1) include structural units represented by the following formulas (1-1) to (1-48).
[ビチオフェン構造単位]
上記式(2)で表されるビチオフェン構造単位では、Raは、Ra1または*-Ra2-O-Ra1を表す。
[Bithiophene structural unit]
In the bithiophene structural unit represented by the above formula (2), R a represents R a1 or *-R a2 -O-R a1 .
Ra1は、炭素数6~30の炭化水素基を表し、Ra2は、炭素数1~5の炭化水素基を表す。 R a1 represents a hydrocarbon group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, and R a2 represents a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms.
上記Ra1で表される炭素数6~30の炭化水素基としては、直鎖状炭化水素基または分岐を有する炭化水素基が挙げられ、分岐を有する炭化水素基が好ましく、より好ましくは分岐鎖状飽和炭化水素基である。Ra1で表される炭化水素基が分岐を有することにより、有機溶剤への溶解度を上げることができ、本発明の高分子化合物は適度な結晶性を得ることができる。 The hydrocarbon group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms represented by R a1 may be a linear hydrocarbon group or a branched hydrocarbon group, preferably a branched hydrocarbon group, more preferably a branched saturated hydrocarbon group. By having a branch in the hydrocarbon group represented by R a1 , the solubility in organic solvents can be increased, and the polymer compound of the present invention can obtain appropriate crystallinity.
上記Ra1で表される炭化水素基の炭素数は、大きいほど有機溶剤への溶解度を向上させることができるが、大きくなり過ぎると後述するカップリング反応における反応性が低下するため、高分子化合物の合成が困難となる。そのため上記Ra1で表される炭化水素基の炭素数は6~30が好ましく、より好ましくは8~25、更に好ましくは8~20、特に好ましくは8~16である。上記Ra1で表される炭化水素基としては、具体的には、上記R13~R17で表される炭化水素基として例示した基が挙げられる。好ましい基も同じである。 The larger the number of carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon group represented by R a1 , the more the solubility in organic solvents can be improved, but if the number is too large, the reactivity in the coupling reaction described below decreases, making it difficult to synthesize a polymer compound. Therefore, the number of carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon group represented by R a1 is preferably 6 to 30, more preferably 8 to 25, even more preferably 8 to 20, and particularly preferably 8 to 16. Specific examples of the hydrocarbon group represented by R a1 include the groups exemplified as the hydrocarbon groups represented by R 13 to R 17 above. The same applies to the preferred groups.
上記Ra2で表される炭素数1~5の炭化水素基としては、直鎖状炭化水素基または分岐を有する炭化水素基が挙げられ、直鎖状の炭化水素基が好ましい。Ra2で表される炭化水素基が直鎖状であることにより、分子の配列が規則的になり性能が向上する効果が考えられる。 The hydrocarbon group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms represented by R a2 may be a linear hydrocarbon group or a branched hydrocarbon group, and a linear hydrocarbon group is preferred. By having the hydrocarbon group represented by R a2 be linear, it is believed that the molecular arrangement becomes regular, resulting in improved performance.
上記Ra2で表される炭化水素基の炭素数は、大きいほど有機溶剤への溶解度を向上させることができるが、大きくなり過ぎると後述するカップリング反応における反応性が低下するため、高分子化合物の合成が困難となる。そのため上記Ra2で表される炭化水素基の炭素数は1~5が好ましく、より好ましくは3~5、更に好ましくは4または5である。 The larger the carbon number of the hydrocarbon group represented by R a2 , the more the solubility in organic solvents can be improved, but if it is too large, the reactivity in the coupling reaction described below decreases, making it difficult to synthesize a polymer compound. Therefore, the carbon number of the hydrocarbon group represented by R a2 is preferably 1 to 5, more preferably 3 to 5, and even more preferably 4 or 5.
上記Ra2で表される炭素数1~5の炭化水素基としては、脂肪族炭化水素基が好ましく、例えば、メチル基、エチル基、n-プロピル基、イソプロピル基、n-ブチル基、tert-ブチル基、イソブチル基、n-ペンチル基、tert-ペンチル基、イソペンチル基等が挙げられる。 The hydrocarbon group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms represented by R a2 is preferably an aliphatic hydrocarbon group, and examples thereof include a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an isopropyl group, an n-butyl group, a tert-butyl group, an isobutyl group, an n-pentyl group, a tert-pentyl group, and an isopentyl group.
上記式(2)で表されるビチオフェン構造単位では、上記Rbは、それぞれ独立に、水素原子、または炭素数1~5の炭化水素基を表す。 In the bithiophene structural unit represented by the above formula (2), each R b independently represents a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms.
上記Rbで表される炭素数1~5の炭化水素基としては、脂肪族炭化水素基が好ましく、例えば、メチル基、エチル基、n-プロピル基、イソプロピル基、n-ブチル基、tert-ブチル基、イソブチル基、n-ペンチル基、tert-ペンチル基、イソペンチル基等が挙げられる。 The hydrocarbon group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms represented by R b is preferably an aliphatic hydrocarbon group, and examples thereof include a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an isopropyl group, an n-butyl group, a tert-butyl group, an isobutyl group, an n-pentyl group, a tert-pentyl group, and an isopentyl group.
[シクロヘキサジチオフェンジオン構造単位]
上記式(3)で表されるシクロヘキサジチオフェンジオン構造単位では、Rc、Rdは、それぞれ独立に、炭素数6~30の炭化水素基を表す。
[Cyclohexadithiophenedione structural unit]
In the cyclohexadithiophenedione structural unit represented by the above formula (3), R c and R d each independently represent a hydrocarbon group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms.
上記Rc、Rdで表される炭素数6~30の炭化水素基としては、直鎖状炭化水素基または分岐を有する炭化水素基が挙げられ、分岐を有する炭化水素基が好ましく、より好ましくは分岐鎖状飽和炭化水素基である。Rc、Rdで表される炭化水素基が分岐を有することにより、有機溶剤への溶解度を上げることができ、本発明の高分子化合物は適度な結晶性を得ることができる。 The hydrocarbon group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms represented by Rc and Rd may be a linear hydrocarbon group or a branched hydrocarbon group, preferably a branched hydrocarbon group, more preferably a branched saturated hydrocarbon group. By having a branch in the hydrocarbon group represented by Rc and Rd , the solubility in organic solvents can be increased, and the polymer compound of the present invention can obtain an appropriate crystallinity.
上記Rc、Rdで表される炭化水素基の炭素数は、大きいほど有機溶剤への溶解度を向上させることができるが、大きくなり過ぎると後述するカップリング反応における反応性が低下するため、高分子化合物の合成が困難となる。そのため上記Rc、Rdで表される炭化水素基の炭素数は6~30が好ましい。上記Rc、Rdで表される炭化水素基の炭素数はより好ましくは8以上であり、より好ましくは25以下、更に好ましくは20以下、特に好ましくは16以下、最も好ましくは11以下である。 The larger the carbon number of the hydrocarbon group represented by R c and R d , the more the solubility in organic solvents can be improved, but if it is too large, the reactivity in the coupling reaction described below decreases, making it difficult to synthesize a polymer compound. Therefore, the carbon number of the hydrocarbon group represented by R c and R d is preferably 6 to 30. The carbon number of the hydrocarbon group represented by R c and R d is more preferably 8 or more, more preferably 25 or less, even more preferably 20 or less, particularly preferably 16 or less, and most preferably 11 or less.
上記Rc、Rdで表される炭化水素基としては、具体的には、上記R13~R17で表される炭化水素基として例示した基が挙げられる。好ましい基も同じである。 Specific examples of the hydrocarbon group represented by R c and R d include the groups exemplified as the hydrocarbon groups represented by R 13 to R 17 above. The same also applies to the preferred groups.
本発明の高分子化合物の重量平均分子量(Mw)は、一般に、2000以上、500000以下であり、より好ましくは3000以上、200000以下である。本発明の高分子化合物の数平均分子量(Mn)は、一般に、2000以上、500000以下であり、より好ましくは3000以上、200000以下である。本発明の高分子化合物の重量平均分子量(Mw)、数平均分子量(Mn)は、ゲル浸透クロマトグラフィーを用い、標準試料としてポリスチレンを用いて作成した較正曲線に基づいて算出できる。The weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the polymer compound of the present invention is generally 2000 or more and 500,000 or less, more preferably 3000 or more and 200,000 or less. The number average molecular weight (Mn) of the polymer compound of the present invention is generally 2000 or more and 500,000 or less, more preferably 3000 or more and 200,000 or less. The weight average molecular weight (Mw) and number average molecular weight (Mn) of the polymer compound of the present invention can be calculated based on a calibration curve prepared using gel permeation chromatography and polystyrene as a standard sample.
上記式(1)で表されるベンゾビスチアゾール構造単位と、上記式(2)で表されるビチオフェン構造単位または上記式(3)で表されるシクロヘキサジチオフェンジオン構造単位とが交互に配置されている高分子化合物を含む有機半導体材料を用いることによって、開放電圧(Voc)と曲線因子(FF)の積[Voc×FF]を大きくすることができるため、有機電子デバイスの光電変換効率ηを高めることができる。特に、上記式(1)で表されるベンゾビスチアゾール構造単位と上記式(3)で表されるシクロヘキサジチオフェンジオン構造単位とが交互に配置されている高分子化合物よりも、上記式(1)で表されるベンゾビスチアゾール構造単位と上記式(2)で表されるビチオフェン構造単位とが交互に配置されている高分子化合物を含む有機半導体材料を用いた方が、有機電子デバイスの光電変換効率ηを一段と高めることができる。By using an organic semiconductor material containing a polymer compound in which the benzobisthiazole structural unit represented by the above formula (1) and the bithiophene structural unit represented by the above formula (2) or the cyclohexadithiophenedione structural unit represented by the above formula (3) are alternately arranged, the product [Voc x FF] of the open circuit voltage (Voc) and the fill factor (FF) can be increased, thereby increasing the photoelectric conversion efficiency η of the organic electronic device. In particular, the photoelectric conversion efficiency η of the organic electronic device can be further increased by using an organic semiconductor material containing a polymer compound in which the benzobisthiazole structural unit represented by the above formula (1) and the bithiophene structural unit represented by the above formula (2) are alternately arranged, rather than a polymer compound in which the benzobisthiazole structural unit represented by the above formula (1) and the cyclohexadithiophenedione structural unit represented by the above formula (3) are alternately arranged.
本発明の高分子化合物は、好ましくは、ドナー-アクセプター型半導体高分子化合物である。ドナー-アクセプター型半導体高分子化合物は、ドナー性ユニットとアクセプター性ユニットが交互に配置された高分子化合物を意味する。ドナー性ユニットは、電子供与性の構造単位を意味し、アクセプター性ユニットは、電子受容性の構造単位を意味する。The polymer compound of the present invention is preferably a donor-acceptor type semiconducting polymer compound. A donor-acceptor type semiconducting polymer compound refers to a polymer compound in which donor units and acceptor units are arranged alternately. A donor unit refers to an electron-donating structural unit, and an acceptor unit refers to an electron-accepting structural unit.
本発明には、上記高分子化合物を含む有機半導体材料も含まれる。上記高分子化合物含む有機半導体材料を、特にp型有機半導体材料として用いれば、p型有機半導体とn型有機半導体との間で容易に電荷分離を起こすことができ、有機電子デバイスの光電変換効率ηを高めることができる。The present invention also includes an organic semiconductor material containing the above polymer compound. When the organic semiconductor material containing the above polymer compound is used, particularly as a p-type organic semiconductor material, charge separation can be easily caused between the p-type organic semiconductor and the n-type organic semiconductor, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency η of the organic electronic device can be increased.
本発明には、上記有機半導体材料を含む有機電子デバイスも含まれる。有機電子デバイスとしては、例えば、有機薄膜太陽電池が挙げられ、他には、有機ELデバイス、有機レーザー、有機フォトディテクタ、有機トランジスタ、有機センサーなどが挙げられる。上記有機薄膜太陽電池は、任意の用途に用いることができ、上記有機薄膜太陽電池を適用できる分野の例を挙げると、建材用太陽電池、自動車用太陽電池、インテリア用太陽電池、鉄道用太陽電池、船舶用太陽電池、飛行機用太陽電池、宇宙機用太陽電池、家電用太陽電池、携帯電話用太陽電池又は玩具用太陽電池等である。The present invention also includes organic electronic devices containing the organic semiconductor material. Examples of organic electronic devices include organic thin-film solar cells, and other examples include organic EL devices, organic lasers, organic photodetectors, organic transistors, and organic sensors. The organic thin-film solar cells can be used for any purpose, and examples of fields in which the organic thin-film solar cells can be applied include solar cells for building materials, solar cells for automobiles, solar cells for interior decoration, solar cells for railways, solar cells for ships, solar cells for airplanes, solar cells for spacecraft, solar cells for home appliances, solar cells for mobile phones, and solar cells for toys.
本発明には、有機薄膜太陽電池である有機電子デバイスを含む太陽電池モジュールも含まれる。即ち、本発明には、基材上に上記有機薄膜太陽電池を設置して太陽電池モジュールとして用いてもよい。具体例を挙げると、基材として建材用板材を用いる場合、この板材の表面に有機薄膜太陽電池を設けることにより、太陽電池モジュールとして太陽電池パネルを作製できる。The present invention also includes a solar cell module including an organic electronic device that is an organic thin-film solar cell. That is, the present invention may include a solar cell module in which the organic thin-film solar cell is placed on a substrate. As a specific example, when a building material board is used as the substrate, a solar cell panel can be produced as a solar cell module by providing an organic thin-film solar cell on the surface of the board.
次に、本発明の高分子化合物を製造できる方法について説明する。Next, a method for producing the polymer compound of the present invention will be described.
本発明の高分子化合物は、上記式(1)で表されるベンゾビスチアゾール構造単位と、上記式(2)で表されるビチオフェン構造単位または上記式(3)で表されるシクロヘキサジチオフェンジオン構造単位とを、交互に配置することによって製造できる。上記式(1)で表されるベンゾビスチアゾール構造単位と、上記式(2)で表されるビチオフェン構造単位または上記式(3)で表されるシクロヘキサジチオフェンジオン構造単位は、カップリング反応によって交互に配置できる。The polymer compound of the present invention can be produced by alternately arranging the benzobisthiazole structural unit represented by the above formula (1) and the bithiophene structural unit represented by the above formula (2) or the cyclohexadithiophenedione structural unit represented by the above formula (3). The benzobisthiazole structural unit represented by the above formula (1) and the bithiophene structural unit represented by the above formula (2) or the cyclohexadithiophenedione structural unit represented by the above formula (3) can be alternately arranged by a coupling reaction.
上記式(1)で表されるベンゾビスチアゾール構造単位を有する化合物は、例えば、WO2015/122321号に記載の方法で製造できる。The compound having the benzobisthiazole structural unit represented by the above formula (1) can be produced, for example, by the method described in WO2015/122321.
上記式(2)で表されるビチオフェン構造単位を有する化合物は、例えば、東京化成工業社製の「Dithieno[3,2-c:2’,3’-e]oxepine-4,6-dione(D4972)」などを原料として用い、Journal of the American Chemical Society,2012年出版、Vol.134、18427-18439頁に記載の方法で調製できる。The compound having the bithiophene structural unit represented by the above formula (2) can be prepared, for example, by using "Dithieno[3,2-c:2',3'-e]oxepine-4,6-dione (D4972)" manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. as a raw material, according to the method described in Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 134, pp. 18427-18439, published in 2012.
上記式(3)で表されるシクロヘキサジチオフェンジオン構造単位を有する化合物は、公知のものを用いることができ、例えば、Chem Shuttle社製の「1,3-dibromo-5,7-bis(2-ethylhexyl)benzo[1,2-c:4,5-c’]dithiophene-4,8-dione(184533)」などが入手できる。 Compounds having the cyclohexadithiophenedione structural unit represented by the above formula (3) can be any known compound, such as "1,3-dibromo-5,7-bis(2-ethylhexyl)benzo[1,2-c:4,5-c']dithiophene-4,8-dione (184533)" manufactured by Chem Shuttle.
カップリング反応は、金属触媒の存在下、上記式(1)で表されるベンゾビスチアゾール構造単位を有する化合物と、上記式(2)で表されるビチオフェン構造単位を有する化合物のハロゲン化物または上記式(3)で表されるシクロヘキサジチオフェンジオン構造単位を有する化合物のハロゲン化物とを反応させることによって行うことができる。The coupling reaction can be carried out by reacting a compound having a benzobisthiazole structural unit represented by the above formula (1) with a halide of a compound having a bithiophene structural unit represented by the above formula (2) or a halide of a compound having a cyclohexadithiophenedione structural unit represented by the above formula (3) in the presence of a metal catalyst.
上記式(1)で表されるベンゾビスチアゾール構造単位を有する化合物と、上記式(2)で表されるビチオフェン構造単位を有する化合物のハロゲン化物とのモル比は、1:99~99:1の範囲が好ましく、20:80~80:20の範囲がより好ましく、40:60~60:40の範囲が更に好ましい。The molar ratio of the compound having the benzobisthiazole structural unit represented by the above formula (1) to the halide of the compound having the bithiophene structural unit represented by the above formula (2) is preferably in the range of 1:99 to 99:1, more preferably in the range of 20:80 to 80:20, and even more preferably in the range of 40:60 to 60:40.
上記式(1)で表されるベンゾビスチアゾール構造単位を有する化合物と、上記式(3)で表されるシクロヘキサジチオフェンジオン構造単位を有する化合物のハロゲン化物とのモル比は、1:99~99:1の範囲が好ましく、20:80~80:20の範囲がより好ましく、40:60~60:40の範囲が更に好ましい。The molar ratio of the compound having the benzobisthiazole structural unit represented by the above formula (1) to the halide of the compound having the cyclohexadithiophenedione structural unit represented by the above formula (3) is preferably in the range of 1:99 to 99:1, more preferably in the range of 20:80 to 80:20, and even more preferably in the range of 40:60 to 60:40.
上記金属触媒としては、遷移金属触媒が好ましく、遷移金属触媒としては、例えば、パラジウム系触媒、ニッケル系触媒、鉄系触媒、銅系触媒、ロジウム系触媒、ルテニウム系触媒などが挙げられる。中でも、パラジウム系触媒が好ましい。パラジウム系触媒のパラジウムは、0価でも2価でもよい。The metal catalyst is preferably a transition metal catalyst, and examples of the transition metal catalyst include palladium-based catalysts, nickel-based catalysts, iron-based catalysts, copper-based catalysts, rhodium-based catalysts, and ruthenium-based catalysts. Among these, palladium-based catalysts are preferred. The palladium in the palladium-based catalyst may be zero-valent or divalent.
上記パラジウム系触媒としては、例えば、塩化パラジウム(II)、臭化パラジウム(II)、ヨウ化パラジウム(II)、酸化パラジウム(II)、硫化パラジウム(II)、テルル化パラジウム(II)、水酸化パラジウム(II)、セレン化パラジウム(II)、パラジウムシアニド(II)、パラジウムアセテート(II)、パラジウムトリフルオロアセテート(II)、パラジウムアセチルアセトナート(II)、ジアセテートビス(トリフェニルホスフィン)パラジウム(II)、テトラキス(トリフェニルホスフィン)パラジウム(0)、ジクロロビス(トリフェニルホスフィン)パラジウム(II)、ジクロロビス(アセトニトリル)パラジウム(II)、ジクロロビス(ベンゾニトリル)パラジウム(II)、ジクロロ[1,2-ビス(ジフェニルホスフィノ)エタン]パラジウム(II)、ジクロロ[1,3-ビス(ジフェニルホスフィノ)プロパン]パラジウム(II)、ジクロロ[1,4-ビス(ジフェニルホスフィノ)ブタン]パラジウム(II)、ジクロロ[1,1-ビス(ジフェニルホスフィノフェロセン)]パラジウム(II)、ジクロロ[1,1-ビス(ジフェニルホスフィノ)フェロセン]パラジウム(II)ジクロロメタン付加体、ビス(ジベンジリデンアセトン)パラジウム(0)、トリス(ジベンジリデンアセトン)ジパラジウム(0)、トリス(ジベンジリデンアセトン)ジパラジウム(0)-クロロホルム付加体、ジクロロ[1,3-ビス(2,6-ジイソプロピルフェニル)イミダゾール-2-イリデン](3-クロロピリジル)パラジウム(II)、ビス(トリ-tert-ブチルホスフィン)パラジウム(0)、ジクロロ[2,5-ノルボルナジエン]パラジウム(II)、ジクロロビス(エチレンジアミン)パラジウム(II)、ジクロロ(1,5-シクロオクタジエン)パラジウム(II)、ジクロロビス(メチルジフェニルホスフィン)パラジウム(II)等が挙げられる。これらの触媒は、一種を単独で用いてもよく、二種以上を用いてもよい。これらの中でも、ジクロロビス(トリフェニルホスフィン)パラジウム(II)、トリス(ジベンジリデンアセトン)ジパラジウム(0)、トリス(ジベンジリデンアセトン)ジパラジウム(0)-クロロホルム付加体が特に好ましい。Examples of the palladium catalyst include palladium chloride (II), palladium bromide (II), palladium iodide (II), palladium oxide (II), palladium sulfide (II), palladium telluride (II), palladium hydroxide (II), palladium selenide (II), palladium cyanide (II), palladium acetate (II), palladium trifluoroacetate (II), palladium acetylacetonate (II), diacetate bis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (II), tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (0), dichlorobis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (II), dichlorobis(acetonitrile)palladium (II), dichlorobis(benzonitrile)palladium (II), dichloro[1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane]palladium (II), dichloro[1,3-bis(diphenylphosphino)propane]palladium (II), dichloro[1,4-bis(diphenylphosphino)propane]palladium (II), bis(diphenylphosphino)butane]palladium(II), dichloro[1,1-bis(diphenylphosphinoferrocene)]palladium(II), dichloro[1,1-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene]palladium(II) dichloromethane adduct, bis(dibenzylideneacetone)palladium(0), tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0), tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0)-chloroform adduct, dichloro[1,3-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)imidazol-2-ylidene](3-chloropyridyl)palladium(II), bis(tri-tert-butylphosphine)palladium(0), dichloro[2,5-norbornadiene]palladium(II), dichlorobis(ethylenediamine)palladium(II), dichloro(1,5-cyclooctadiene)palladium(II), dichlorobis(methyldiphenylphosphine)palladium(II), and the like. These catalysts may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Among these, dichlorobis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(II), tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0), and tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0)-chloroform adduct are particularly preferred.
上記カップリング反応の際には、上記式(1)で表されるベンゾビスチアゾール構造単位を有する化合物と金属触媒とのモル比[上記式(1)で表されるベンゾビスチアゾール構造単位を有する化合物:金属触媒]は、一般に、1:0.0001~1:0.5程度であり特に限定されないが、収率や反応効率の観点から1:0.001~1:0.3が好ましく、1:0.005~1:0.2がより好ましく、1:0.01~1:0.1がさらに好ましい。In the above coupling reaction, the molar ratio of the compound having the benzobisthiazole structural unit represented by the above formula (1) to the metal catalyst [compound having the benzobisthiazole structural unit represented by the above formula (1):metal catalyst] is generally about 1:0.0001 to 1:0.5 and is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of yield and reaction efficiency, it is preferably 1:0.001 to 1:0.3, more preferably 1:0.005 to 1:0.2, and even more preferably 1:0.01 to 1:0.1.
上記カップリング反応の際には、上記金属触媒に配位子を配位させてもよい。上記配位子としては、例えば、トリメチルホスフィン、トリエチルホスフィン、トリ(n-ブチル)ホスフィン、トリ(イソプロピル)ホスフィン、トリ(tert-ブチル)ホスフィン、トリ-tert-ブチルホスホニウムテトラフルオロボラート、ビス(tert-ブチル)メチルホスフィン、トリシクロヘキシルホスフィン、ジフェニル(メチル)ホスフィン、トリフェニルホスフィン、トリス(o-トリル)ホスフィン、トリス(m-トリル)ホスフィン、トリス(p-トリル)ホスフィン、トリス(2-フリル)ホスフィン、トリス(2-メトキシフェニル)ホスフィン、トリス(3-メトキシフェニル)ホスフィン、トリス(4-メトキシフェニル)ホスフィン、2-ジシクロヘキシルホスフィノビフェニル、2-ジシクロヘキシルホスフィノ-2’-メチルビフェニル、2-ジシクロヘキシルホスフィノ-2’,4’,6’-トリイソプロピル-1,1’-ビフェニル、2-ジシクロヘキシルホスフィノ-2’,6’-ジメトキシ-1,1’-ビフェニル、2-ジシクロヘキシルホスフィノ-2’-(N,N’-ジメチルアミノ)ビフェニル、2-ジフェニルホスフィノ-2’-(N,N’-ジメチルアミノ)ビフェニル、2-(ジ-tert-ブチル)ホスフィノ-2’-(N,N’-ジメチルアミノ)ビフェニル、2-(ジ-tert-ブチル)ホスフィノビフェニル、2-(ジ-tert-ブチル)ホスフィノ-2’-メチルビフェニル、1,2-ビス(ジフェニルホスフィノ)エタン、1,3-ビス(ジフェニルホスフィノ)プロパン、1,4-ビス(ジフェニルホスフィノ)ブタン、1,2-ビス(ジシクロヘキシルホスフィノ)エタン、1,3-ビス(ジシクロヘキシルホスフィノ)プロパン、1,4-ビス(ジシクロヘキシルホスフィノ)ブタン、1,2-ビスジフェニルホスフィノエチレン、1,1’-ビス(ジフェニルホスフィノ)フェロセン、1,2-エチレンジアミン、N,N,N’,N’-テトラメチルエチレンジアミン、2,2’-ビピリジル、1,3-ジフェニルジヒドロイミダゾリリデン、1,3-ジメチルジヒドロイミダゾリリデン、ジエチルジヒドロイミダゾリリデン、1,3-ビス(2,4,6-トリメチルフェニル)ジヒドロイミダゾリリデン、1,3-ビス(2,6-ジイソプロピルフェニル)ジヒドロイミダゾリリデン、1,10-フェナントロリン、5,6-ジメチル-1,10-フェナントロリン、バトフェナントロリン等が挙げられる。上記配位子は、一種を単独で用いてもよく、二種以上を用いてもよい。中でも、トリフェニルホスフィン、トリス(o-トリル)ホスフィン、トリス(2-フリル)ホスフィン、トリス(2-メトキシフェニル)ホスフィンが好ましい。In the above coupling reaction, a ligand may be coordinated to the metal catalyst. Examples of the ligand include trimethylphosphine, triethylphosphine, tri(n-butyl)phosphine, tri(isopropyl)phosphine, tri(tert-butyl)phosphine, tri-tert-butylphosphonium tetrafluoroborate, bis(tert-butyl)methylphosphine, tricyclohexylphosphine, diphenyl(methyl)phosphine, triphenylphosphine, tris(o-tolyl)phosphine, tris(m-tolyl)phosphine, tris(p-tolyl)phosphine, tris(2-furyl)phosphine, tris(2-methoxyphenyl)phosphine, and the like. phosphine, tris(3-methoxyphenyl)phosphine, tris(4-methoxyphenyl)phosphine, 2-dicyclohexylphosphinobiphenyl, 2-dicyclohexylphosphino-2'-methylbiphenyl, 2-dicyclohexylphosphino-2',4',6'-triisopropyl-1,1'-biphenyl, 2-dicyclohexylphosphino-2',6'-dimethoxy-1,1'-biphenyl, 2-dicyclohexylphosphino-2'-(N,N'-dimethylamino)biphenyl, 2-diphenylphosphino-2'-(N,N'-dimethylamino)biphenyl, 2-(di-t 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane, 1,3-bis(diphenylphosphino)propane, 1,4-bis(diphenylphosphino)butane, 1,2-bis(dicyclohexylphosphino)ethane, 1,3-bis(dicyclohexylphosphino)propane, 1,4-bis(dicyclohexylphosphino)butane, 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphinoethylene, 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethylene, 1,3-bis(dicyclohexylphosphino)propane, 1,4-bis(dicyclohexylphosphino)butane, 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphinoethylene), , 1'-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene, 1,2-ethylenediamine, N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine, 2,2'-bipyridyl, 1,3-diphenyldihydroimidazolylidene, 1,3-dimethyldihydroimidazolylidene, diethyldihydroimidazolylidene, 1,3-bis(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)dihydroimidazolylidene, 1,3-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)dihydroimidazolylidene, 1,10-phenanthroline, 5,6-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline, bathophenanthroline, etc. The above ligands may be used alone or in combination of two or more kinds. Among them, triphenylphosphine, tris(o-tolyl)phosphine, tris(2-furyl)phosphine, and tris(2-methoxyphenyl)phosphine are preferred.
上記カップリング反応の際に、上記金属触媒に上記配位子を配位させる場合、金属触媒と配位子とのモル比(金属触媒:配位子)は、一般に、1:0.5~1:10程度であり特に限定されないが、収率や反応効率の観点から1:1~1:8が好ましく、1:1~1:7がより好ましく、1:1~1:5がさらに好ましい。When the ligand is coordinated to the metal catalyst during the coupling reaction, the molar ratio of the metal catalyst to the ligand (metal catalyst:ligand) is generally about 1:0.5 to 1:10 and is not particularly limited, but from the standpoint of yield and reaction efficiency, 1:1 to 1:8 is preferred, 1:1 to 1:7 is more preferred, and 1:1 to 1:5 is even more preferred.
上記カップリング反応において、上記式(1)で表されるベンゾビスチアゾール構造単位を有する化合物と、上記式(2)で表されるビチオフェン構造単位を有する化合物のハロゲン化物または上記式(3)で表されるシクロヘキサジチオフェンジオン構造単位を有する化合物のハロゲン化物とを反応させる溶媒としては、反応に影響を及ぼさない限り特に限定されず、従来公知の溶媒を用いることができる。In the above coupling reaction, the solvent for reacting the compound having the benzobisthiazole structural unit represented by the above formula (1) with the halide of the compound having the bithiophene structural unit represented by the above formula (2) or the halide of the compound having the cyclohexadithiophenedione structural unit represented by the above formula (3) is not particularly limited as long as it does not affect the reaction, and any conventionally known solvent can be used.
本願は、2019年4月26日に出願された日本国特許出願第2019-86501号に基づく優先権の利益を主張するものである。上記日本国特許出願第2019-86501号の明細書の全内容が、本願に参考のため援用される。This application claims the benefit of priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2019-86501, filed on April 26, 2019. The entire contents of the specification of Japanese Patent Application No. 2019-86501 are incorporated herein by reference.
以下、実施例を挙げて本発明を具体的に説明するが、本発明は下記実施例によって制限を受けるものではなく、前記および後記の趣旨に適合し得る範囲で変更を加えて実施することも可能であり、それらはいずれも本発明の技術的範囲に包含される。The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples. However, the present invention is not limited to the following examples, and modifications can be made within the scope of the above and below-described aims, and all such modifications are within the technical scope of the present invention.
実施例で用いた測定方法は、下記の通りである。 The measurement methods used in the examples are as follows:
(NMRスペクトル測定)
化合物について、NMRスペクトル測定装置(Agilent製(旧Varian製)の「400MR」を用いて、NMRスペクトル測定を行った。
(NMR Spectroscopic Measurement)
The NMR spectrum of the compound was measured using an NMR spectrum measuring device ("400MR" manufactured by Agilent (formerly manufactured by Varian)).
(ゲル浸透クロマトグラフィー(GPC))
化合物について、ゲル浸透クロマトグラフィー(GPC)を用い、分子量測定を行った。測定に際しては、化合物を0.5g/Lの濃度となるように移動相溶媒(クロロホルム)に溶解し、下記条件で測定を行い、ポリスチレンを標準試料として作成した較正曲線に基づいて換算することによって、化合物の数平均分子量(Mn)および重量平均分子量(Mw)を算出した。測定におけるGPC条件は、下記の通りである。
移動相:クロロホルム流速は0.6mL/min
装置 :HLC-8320GPC(東ソー製)
カラム:TSKgel(登録商標)、SuperHM-H’2 + TSKgel(登録商標)、SuperH2000(東ソー製)
Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC)
The molecular weight of the compound was measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The compound was dissolved in a mobile phase solvent (chloroform) to a concentration of 0.5 g/L, and the measurement was performed under the following conditions. The number average molecular weight (Mn) and weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the compound were calculated by conversion based on a calibration curve created using polystyrene as a standard sample. The GPC conditions in the measurement were as follows.
Mobile phase: chloroform flow rate 0.6 mL/min
Apparatus: HLC-8320GPC (manufactured by Tosoh)
Column: TSKgel (registered trademark), Super HM-H'2 + TSKgel (registered trademark), Super H2000 (manufactured by Tosoh Corporation)
(合成例1)
2,6-ビス[5-(2-ヘキシルデシル)チオフェン-2-イル]ベンゾ[1,2-d;4,5-d’]ビスチアゾール(DBTH-HDTH)の合成
300mLフラスコに2,6-ジヨードベンゾ[1,2-d;4,5-d’]ビスチアゾール(DBTH-DI、5.2g、11.7mmol)、トリブチル[5-(2-ヘキシルデシル)チオフェン-2-イル]スタンナン(HDT-Sn、23.2g、38.6mmol)、トリス(2-フリル)ホスフィン(443mg、1.87mmol)、トリス(ジベンジリデンアセトン)ジパラジウム(0)-クロロホルム付加体(490mg、0.47mol)、およびN,N-ジメチルホルムアミド(115mL)を加えて120℃で23時間反応した。反応終了後、室温まで冷却した後に水を加えクロロホルムで2回抽出して、有機層を水洗した後に無水硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥した。次いで、ろ過・濃縮して得られた粗品をカラムクロマトグラフィー(シリカゲル、クロロホルム/ヘキサン=1/1)で精製することで、2,6-ビス[5-(2-ヘキシルデシル)チオフェン-2-イル]ベンゾ[1,2-d;4,5-d’]ビスチアゾール(DBTH-HDTH)が5.62g、薄黄色固体として得られた(収率60%)。1H-NMR測定により、目的とする化合物が生成したことを確認した。
1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ 8.39 (s, 2H), 7.53 (d, J= 3.6 Hz, 2H), 6.81 (d, J = 3.6 Hz, 2H), 2.81 (m, 4H), 1.66 (m, 2H), 1.37-1.24 (m, 48H), 0.90 (t, J = 6.4 Hz, 6H), 0.88 (t, J = 6.4 Hz, 6H).
(Synthesis Example 1)
Synthesis of 2,6-bis[5-(2-hexyldecyl)thiophen-2-yl]benzo[1,2-d;4,5-d']bisthiazole (DBTH-HDTH) 2,6-diiodobenzo[1,2-d;4,5-d']bisthiazole (DBTH-DI, 5.2 g, 11.7 mmol), tributyl[5-(2-hexyldecyl)thiophen-2-yl]stannane (HDT-Sn, 23.2 g, 38.6 mmol), tris(2-furyl)phosphine (443 mg, 1.87 mmol), tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0)-chloroform adduct (490 mg, 0.47 mol), and N,N-dimethylformamide (115 mL) were added to a 300 mL flask and reacted at 120°C for 23 hours. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was cooled to room temperature, water was added, and the mixture was extracted twice with chloroform. The organic layer was washed with water and then dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate. The crude product obtained by filtration and concentration was purified by column chromatography (silica gel, chloroform/hexane=1/1) to obtain 5.62 g of 2,6-bis[5-(2-hexyldecyl)thiophen-2-yl]benzo[1,2-d;4,5-d']bisthiazole (DBTH-HDTH) as a pale yellow solid (yield 60%). 1 H-NMR measurement confirmed that the target compound was produced.
1H -NMR (400MHz, CDCl3 ): δ 8.39 (s, 2H), 7.53 (d, J = 3.6 Hz, 2H), 6.81 (d, J = 3.6 Hz, 2H), 2.81 (m, 4H), 1.66 (m, 2H), 1.37-1.24 (m, 48H), 0.90 (t, J = 6.4 Hz, 6H), 0.88 (t, J = 6.4 Hz, 6H).
(合成例2)
2,6-ビス[5-(2-ヘキシルデシル)チオフェン-2-イル]-4,8-ジヨードベンゾ[1,2-d;4,5-d’]ビスチアゾール(DI-DBTH-HDTH)の合成
100mLフラスコに、上記合成例1で得られた2,6-ビス[5-(2-ヘキシルデシル)チオフェン-2-イル]ベンゾ[1,2-d;4,5-d’]ビスチアゾール(DBTH-HDTH、4g、4.97mmol)と、テトラヒドロフラン(80mL)を加えて-40℃に冷却した後にリチウムジイソプロピルアミド(2M溶液、5.5mL、10.9mmol)を滴下して30分攪拌した。次いで、ヨウ素(3.8g、14.9mol)を加えた後に室温で2時間反応した。反応終了後、10質量%亜硫酸水素ナトリウムを加えクロロホルムで抽出して、得られた有機層を飽和重曹水、次いで飽和食塩水で洗浄して無水硫酸マグネシウムを用いて乾燥した。次いで、ろ過・濃縮して得られた粗品をカラムクロマトグラフィー(シリカゲル、クロロホルム/ヘキサン=1/1)で精製することで、2,6-ビス[5-(2-ヘキシルデシル)チオフェン-2-イル]-4,8-ジヨードベンゾ[1,2-d;4,5-d’]ビスチアゾール(DI-DBTH-HDTH)が2.66g、黄色固体として得られた(収率51%)。1H-NMR測定により、目的とする化合物が生成したことを確認した。
1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ 7.53 (d, J = 3.6 Hz, 2H), 6.81 (d, J = 3.6 Hz, 2H), 2.80 (m, 4H), 1.70 (m, 2H), 1.36-1.24 (m, 48H), 0.89 (t, J = 6.4 Hz, 6H), 0.86 (t, J= 6.4 Hz, 6H).
(Synthesis Example 2)
Synthesis of 2,6-bis[5-(2-hexyldecyl)thiophen-2-yl]-4,8-diiodobenzo[1,2-d;4,5-d']bisthiazole (DI-DBTH-HDTH) 2,6-bis[5-(2-hexyldecyl)thiophen-2-yl]benzo[1,2-d;4,5-d']bisthiazole (DBTH-HDTH, 4 g, 4.97 mmol) obtained in Synthesis Example 1 above and tetrahydrofuran (80 mL) were added to a 100 mL flask, and the mixture was cooled to -40°C, after which lithium diisopropylamide (2 M solution, 5.5 mL, 10.9 mmol) was added dropwise and stirred for 30 minutes. Next, iodine (3.8 g, 14.9 mol) was added and the mixture was reacted at room temperature for 2 hours. After the reaction was completed, 10% by mass of sodium hydrogen sulfite was added and the mixture was extracted with chloroform. The organic layer obtained was washed with saturated sodium bicarbonate water, then with saturated saline, and dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate. The crude product obtained by filtration and concentration was purified by column chromatography (silica gel, chloroform/hexane=1/1) to obtain 2.66 g of 2,6-bis[5-(2-hexyldecyl)thiophen-2-yl]-4,8-diiodobenzo[1,2-d;4,5-d']bisthiazole (DI-DBTH-HDTH) as a yellow solid (yield 51%). It was confirmed by 1 H-NMR measurement that the target compound was produced.
1H -NMR (400MHz, CDCl3 ): δ 7.53 (d, J = 3.6 Hz, 2H), 6.81 (d, J = 3.6 Hz, 2H), 2.80 (m, 4H), 1.70 (m, 2H), 1.36-1.24 (m, 48H), 0.89 (t, J = 6.4 Hz, 6H), 0.86 (t, J = 6.4 Hz, 6H).
(合成例3)
2,6-ビス[5-(2-ヘキシルデシル)チオフェン-2-イル]-4,8-ジチオフェン-2-イル-ベンゾ[1,2-d;4,5-d’]ビスチアゾール(DTH-DBTH-HDTH)の合成
50mLフラスコに、上記合成例2で得られた2,6-ビス[5-(2-ヘキシルデシル)チオフェン-2-イル]-4,8-ジヨードベンゾ[1,2-d;4,5-d’]ビスチアゾール(DI-DBTH-HDTH、1.1g、1.04mmol)と、トリブチルチオフェン-2-イル-スタンナン(830μL、2.60mmol)、トリス(2-フリル)ホスフィン(40mg、0.17mmol)、トリス(ジベンジリデンアセトン)ジパラジウム(0)-クロロホルム付加体(45mg、0.04mmol)、およびN,N-ジメチルホルムアミド(22mL)を加えて80℃で19時間反応した。反応終了後、室温まで冷却した後に水を加えクロロホルムで2回抽出して、有機層を水洗した後に無水硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥した。次いで、ろ過・濃縮して得られた粗品をカラムクロマトグラフィー(シリカゲル、クロロホルム/ヘキサン=1/1~クロロホルム)で精製することで、2,6-ビス[5-(2-ヘキシルデシル)チオフェン-2-イル]-4,8-ジチオフェン-2-イル-ベンゾ[1,2-d;4,5-d’]ビスチアゾール(DTH-DBTH-HDTH)が1.01g、黄色固体として得られた(収率100%)。1H-NMR測定により、目的とする化合物が生成したことを確認した。
1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ 8.00 (dd, J = 4.0, 0.8 Hz, 2H), 7.58 (dd, J = 5.2, 0.8 Hz, 2H), 7.55 (d, J = 4.0 Hz, 2H), 7.27 (dd, J = 5.2, 4.0 Hz, 2H), 6.81 (d, J = 4.0 Hz, 2H), 2.81 (m, 4H), 1.72 (m, 2H), 1.34-1.25 (m, 48H), 0.89 (t, J = 6.4 Hz, 6H), 0.87 (t, J = 6.4 Hz, 12H).
(Synthesis Example 3)
Synthesis of 2,6-bis[5-(2-hexyldecyl)thiophen-2-yl]-4,8-dithiophen-2-yl-benzo[1,2-d;4,5-d']bisthiazole (DTH-DBTH-HDTH) 2,6-bis[5-(2-hexyldecyl)thiophen-2-yl]-4,8-diiodobenzo[1,2-d;4,5-d']bisthiazole (DI-DBTH-HDTH, 1.1 g, 1.04 mmol) obtained in Synthesis Example 2 above, tributylthiophen-2-yl-stannane (830 μL, 2.60 mmol), tris(2-furyl)phosphine (40 mg, 0.17 mmol), tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0)-chloroform adduct (45 mg, 0.04 mmol), and N,N-dimethylformamide (22 mL) were added to a 50 mL flask and reacted at 80° C. for 19 hours. After completion of the reaction, the mixture was cooled to room temperature, water was added, and the mixture was extracted twice with chloroform. The organic layer was washed with water and then dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate. Next, the crude product obtained after filtration and concentration was purified by column chromatography (silica gel, chloroform/hexane=1/1 to chloroform) to obtain 1.01 g of 2,6-bis[5-(2-hexyldecyl)thiophen-2-yl]-4,8-dithiophen-2-yl-benzo[1,2-d;4,5-d']bisthiazole (DTH-DBTH-HDTH) as a yellow solid (yield 100%). 1 H-NMR measurement confirmed that the target compound had been produced.
1H -NMR (400MHz, CDCl3 ): δ 8.00 (dd, J = 4.0, 0.8 Hz, 2H), 7.58 (dd, J = 5.2, 0.8 Hz, 2H), 7.55 (d, J = 4.0 Hz, 2H), 7.27 (dd, J = 5.2, 4.0 Hz, 2H), 6.81 (d, J = 4.0 Hz, 2H), 2.81 (m, 4H), 1.72 (m, 2H), 1.34-1.25 (m, 48H), 0.89 (t, J = 6.4 Hz, 6H), 0.87 (t, J = 6.4 Hz, 12H).
(合成例4)
2,6-ビス[5-(2-ヘキシルデシル)チオフェン-2-イル]-4,8-ビス(5-トリメチルスタンニルチオフェン-2-イル)-ベンゾ[1,2-d;4,5-d’]ビスチアゾール(DTH-DBTH-HDTH-DSM)の合成
30mLフラスコに、上記合成例3で得られた2,6-ビス[5-(2-ヘキシルデシル)チオフェン-2-イル]-4,8-ジチオフェン-2-イル-ベンゾ[1,2-d;4,5-d’]ビスチアゾール(DTH-DBTH-HDTH、700mg、0.72mmol)と、テトラヒドロフラン(14mL)を加え-50℃に冷却してリチウムジイソプロピルアミド(2M溶液、0.79mL、1.58mmol)を滴下して30分攪拌した。その後、トリメチルすずクロリド(1M溶液、16mL、1.58mmol)を加え室温に昇温して2時間攪拌した。反応終了後、水を加えトルエンで2回抽出して、有機層を水洗した後に無水硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥した。次いで、ろ過・濃縮して得られた粗品をGPC-HPLC(JAIGEL-1H、2H、クロロホルム)で精製することで、2,6-ビス[5-(2-ヘキシルデシル)チオフェン-2-イル]-4,8-ビス(5-トリメチルスタンニルチオフェン-2-イル)-ベンゾ[1,2-d;4,5-d’]ビスチアゾール(DTH-DBTH-HDTH-DSM)が518mg、黄色固体として得られた(収率55%)。1H-NMR測定により、目的とする化合物が生成したことを確認した。
1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ 8.16 (d, J = 3.6 Hz, 2H), 7.56 (d, J = 3.6 Hz, 2H), 7.37 (d, J = 3.6 Hz, 2H), 6.82 (d, J = 3.6 Hz, 2H), 2.82 (m, 4H), 1.71 (m, 2H), 1.35-1.25 (m, 48H), 0.88 (t, J = 6.4 Hz, 6H), 0.87 (t, J= 6.4 Hz, 6H), 0.47 (s, 18H).
(Synthesis Example 4)
Synthesis of 2,6-bis[5-(2-hexyldecyl)thiophen-2-yl]-4,8-bis(5-trimethylstannylthiophen-2-yl)-benzo[1,2-d;4,5-d']bisthiazole (DTH-DBTH-HDTH-DSM) Into a 30 mL flask, 2,6-bis[5-(2-hexyldecyl)thiophen-2-yl]-4,8-dithiophen-2-yl-benzo[1,2-d;4,5-d']bisthiazole (DTH-DBTH-HDTH, 700 mg, 0.72 mmol) obtained in Synthesis Example 3 and tetrahydrofuran (14 mL) were added, and the mixture was cooled to -50°C. Lithium diisopropylamide (2 M solution, 0.79 mL, 1.58 mmol) was added dropwise and stirred for 30 minutes. Then, trimethyltin chloride (1M solution, 16 mL, 1.58 mmol) was added, the mixture was warmed to room temperature, and stirred for 2 hours. After the reaction was completed, water was added and the mixture was extracted twice with toluene. The organic layer was washed with water and then dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate. The crude product obtained by filtration and concentration was purified by GPC-HPLC (JAIGEL-1H, 2H, chloroform) to obtain 518 mg of 2,6-bis[5-(2-hexyldecyl)thiophen-2-yl]-4,8-bis(5-trimethylstannylthiophen-2-yl)-benzo[1,2-d;4,5-d']bisthiazole (DTH-DBTH-HDTH-DSM) as a yellow solid (yield 55%). It was confirmed by 1 H-NMR measurement that the target compound was produced.
1H -NMR (400MHz, CDCl3 ): δ 8.16 (d, J = 3.6 Hz, 2H), 7.56 (d, J = 3.6 Hz, 2H), 7.37 (d, J = 3.6 Hz, 2H), 6.82 (d, J = 3.6 Hz, 2H), 2.82 (m, 4H), 1.71 (m, 2H), 1.35-1.25 (m, 48H), 0.88 (t, J = 6.4 Hz, 6H), 0.87 (t, J = 6.4 Hz, 6H), 0.47 (s, 18H).
(実施例1)
P-THDT-DBTH-EH-BTDの合成
20mLフラスコに、上記合成例4で得られた2,6-ビス[5-(2-ヘキシルデシル)チオフェン-2-イル]-4,8-ビス(5-トリメチルスタンニルチオフェン-2-イル)-ベンゾ[1,2-d;4,5-d’]ビスチアゾール(DTH-DBTH-HDTH-DSM、100mg、0.08mmol)と、Chem Shuttle社製の1,3-ジブロモ-5,7-ビス(2-エチルヘキシル)ベンゾ[1,2-c:4,5-c’]ジチオフェン-4,8-ジオン(EH-BTD-DB、47mg、0.08mmol)、トリス(ジベンジリデンアセトン)ジパラジウム(0)-クロロホルム付加体(3mg、2.9μmol)、トリス(2-メトキシフェニル)ホスフィン(5mg、13.3μmol)、およびクロロベンゼン(7mL)を加え130℃で24時間反応した。反応終了後、メタノール(50mL)に反応液を加えて析出した固体をろ取し、得られた固体をソックスレー洗浄(メタノール、アセトン、ヘキサン)した。次いで、クロロホルムを用いてソックスレー抽出し、P-THDT-DBTH-EH-BTDを90mg、黒色固体として得た(収率90%)。得られた黒色固体について、GPCを用いて分子量測定を行った結果、数平均分子量(Mn)は13800、重量平均分子量(Mw)は22900であった。
Example 1
Synthesis of P-THDT-DBTH-EH-BTD In a 20 mL flask, 2,6-bis[5-(2-hexyldecyl)thiophen-2-yl]-4,8-bis(5-trimethylstannylthiophen-2-yl)-benzo[1,2-d;4,5-d']bisthiazole (DTH-DBTH-HDTH-DSM, 100 mg, 0.08 mmol) obtained in Synthesis Example 4 and 100 mL of 1,2-dichloro-2,4-diphenyl-2,5-diphenyl-2,6-diphenyl-2,5 ... 1,3-dibromo-5,7-bis(2-ethylhexyl)benzo[1,2-c:4,5-c']dithiophene-4,8-dione (EH-BTD-DB, 47 mg, 0.08 mmol) manufactured by Shuttle, tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0)-chloroform adduct (3 mg, 2.9 μmol), tris(2-methoxyphenyl)phosphine (5 mg, 13.3 μmol), and chlorobenzene (7 mL) were added and reacted at 130°C for 24 hours. After the reaction was completed, the reaction solution was added to methanol (50 mL) and the precipitated solid was collected by filtration, and the obtained solid was washed with a Soxhlet (methanol, acetone, hexane). Then, Soxhlet extraction was performed using chloroform to obtain 90 mg of P-THDT-DBTH-EH-BTD as a black solid (yield 90%). The molecular weight of the obtained black solid was measured by GPC, and the number average molecular weight (Mn) was 13,800 and the weight average molecular weight (Mw) was 22,900.
(p型半導体化合物とn型半導体化合物との混合溶液1の作製)
p型半導体化合物として、上記実施例1で得られたP-THDT-DBTH-EH-BTDの構造を有する高分子化合物を用い、n型半導体化合物として、PC61BM(フェニルC61酪酸メチルエステル、フロンティアカーボン製、NS-E100H)を用い、p型半導体化合物とn型半導体化合物の質量比を1:1.5とし、ジフェニルエーテル(0.03mL/mL)と共にクロロベンゼンに溶解させた。p型半導体化合物とn型半導体化合物の合計濃度は2.0質量%とした。得られた溶液をホットスターラー上で100℃の温度にて2時間以上攪拌混合した。攪拌混合後の溶液を0.45μmのフィルターで濾過することにより、p型半導体化合物とn型半導体化合物との混合溶液1を作製した。
(Preparation of Mixed Solution 1 of p-type Semiconductor Compound and n-type Semiconductor Compound)
As the p-type semiconductor compound, the polymer compound having the structure of P-THDT-DBTH-EH-BTD obtained in Example 1 above was used, and as the n-type semiconductor compound, PC61BM (phenyl C61 butyric acid methyl ester, manufactured by Frontier Carbon, NS-E100H) was used, and the mass ratio of the p-type semiconductor compound to the n-type semiconductor compound was set to 1:1.5, and the mixture was dissolved in chlorobenzene together with diphenyl ether (0.03 mL/mL). The total concentration of the p-type semiconductor compound and the n-type semiconductor compound was set to 2.0 mass%. The obtained solution was stirred and mixed on a hot stirrer at a temperature of 100°C for 2 hours or more. The solution after stirring and mixing was filtered through a 0.45 μm filter to prepare a mixed solution 1 of the p-type semiconductor compound and the n-type semiconductor compound.
(実施例2)
P-THDT-DBTH-HD-BTIの合成
20mLフラスコに、2,6-ビス[5-(2-ヘキシルデシル)チオフェン-2-イル]-4,8-ビス(5-トリメチルスタンニルチオフェン-2-イル)-ベンゾ[1,2-d;4,5-d’]ビスチアゾール(DTH-DBTH-HDTH-DSM、70mg、0.05mmol)、2,8-ジブロモ-5-(2-ヘキシルデシル)-1,9-ジチア-5-アザ-シクロペンタ[e]アズレン-4,6-ジオン(HD-BTI-DB、34mg、0.05mmol)、トリス(ジベンジリデンアセトン)ジパラジウム(0)-クロロホルム付加体(2mg、2.2μmol)、トリス(2-メトキシフェニル)ホスフィン(3mg、8.7μmol)、およびクロロベンゼン(7mL)を加え130℃で24時間反応した。なお、上記HD-BTI-DBは、東京化成工業社製の「Dithieno[3,2-c:2’,3’-e]oxepine-4,6-dione(D4972)」を原料とし、Journal of the American Chemical Society,2012年出版、Vol.134、18427-18439頁に記載の方法に基づいて調製した。
Example 2
Synthesis of P-THDT-DBTH-HD-BTI In a 20 mL flask, 2,6-bis[5-(2-hexyldecyl)thiophen-2-yl]-4,8-bis(5-trimethylstannylthiophen-2-yl)-benzo[1,2-d;4,5-d']bisthiazole (DTH-DBTH-HDTH-DSM, 70 mg, 0.05 mmol), 2,8-dibromo-5-(2-hexyldecyl)-1,9-dithia-5-aza-cyclopenta[e]azulene-4,6-dione (HD-BTI-DB, 34 mg, 0.05 mmol), tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0)-chloroform adduct (2 mg, 2.2 μmol), tris(2-methoxyphenyl)phosphine (3 mg, 8.7 μmol), and chlorobenzene (7 mL) were added and reacted at 130° C. for 24 hours. The HD-BTI-DB was prepared using "Dithieno[3,2-c:2',3'-e]oxepine-4,6-dione (D4972)" manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. as a raw material, based on the method described in Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 134, pp. 18427-18439, published in 2012.
反応終了後、メタノール(20mL)に反応液を加えて析出した固体をろ取し、得られた固体をソックスレー洗浄(メタノール、アセトン、ヘキサン)した。次いで、クロロホルムを用いてソックスレー抽出し、P-THDT-DBTH-HD-BTIを67mg、黒色固体として得た(収率86%)。得られた黒色固体について、GPCを用いて分子量測定を行った結果、数平均分子量(Mn)は33500、重量平均分子量(Mw)は77400であった。After the reaction was completed, the reaction solution was added to methanol (20 mL) and the precipitated solid was filtered out and the resulting solid was washed with a Soxhlet filter (methanol, acetone, hexane). Next, Soxhlet extraction was performed using chloroform to obtain 67 mg of P-THDT-DBTH-HD-BTI as a black solid (yield 86%). The molecular weight of the resulting black solid was measured using GPC, and the number average molecular weight (Mn) was 33,500 and the weight average molecular weight (Mw) was 77,400.
(p型半導体化合物とn型半導体化合物との混合溶液2の作製)
p型半導体化合物として、上記実施例2で得られたP-THDT-DBTH-HD-BTIの構造を有する高分子化合物を用い、n型半導体化合物として、PC61BM(フェニルC61酪酸メチルエステル、フロンティアカーボン製、NS-E100H)を用い、p型半導体化合物とn型半導体化合物の質量比を1:1.5としてクロロベンゼンに溶解させた。p型半導体化合物とn型半導体化合物の合計濃度は2.0質量%とした。得られた溶液をホットスターラー上で100℃の温度にて2時間以上攪拌混合した。攪拌混合後の溶液を0.45μmのフィルターで濾過することにより、p型半導体化合物とn型半導体化合物との混合溶液2を作製した。
(Preparation of Mixed Solution 2 of p-type Semiconductor Compound and n-type Semiconductor Compound)
The polymer compound having the structure of P-THDT-DBTH-HD-BTI obtained in Example 2 was used as the p-type semiconductor compound, and PC61BM (phenyl C61 butyric acid methyl ester, manufactured by Frontier Carbon, NS-E100H) was used as the n-type semiconductor compound, and the mass ratio of the p-type semiconductor compound to the n-type semiconductor compound was 1:1.5, and the p-type semiconductor compound and the n-type semiconductor compound were dissolved in chlorobenzene. The total concentration of the p-type semiconductor compound and the n-type semiconductor compound was 2.0 mass%. The obtained solution was stirred and mixed on a hot stirrer at a temperature of 100°C for 2 hours or more. The solution after stirring and mixing was filtered through a 0.45 μm filter to prepare a mixed solution 2 of the p-type semiconductor compound and the n-type semiconductor compound.
(光電変換素子の作製)
電極となる酸化インジウムスズ(ITO)透明導電膜(カソード)がパターニングされたジオマテック社製のガラス基板を、アセトンによる超音波洗浄し、次いでエタノールによる超音波洗浄した後、窒素ブローで乾燥させた。乾燥したガラス基板にUV-オゾン処理を実施した後、電子輸送層を形成した。電子輸送層は、ガラス基板に、0.5M酢酸亜鉛・0.5Mアミノエタノール/2-メトキシエタノール溶液をスピンコーターで塗布(3000rpm、40秒)した後、175℃で30分間アニールして形成した。電子輸送層を形成したガラス基板をグローブボックス内に搬入し、不活性ガス雰囲気下でp型半導体化合物とn型半導体化合物との混合溶液1または混合溶液2をスピンコートし、ホットプレート上でアニール処理もしくは減圧乾燥を実施し、活性層を形成した。次に、蒸着機にて、ホール輸送層である酸化モリブデンを蒸着した。その後、電極(アノード)である銀を蒸着して逆型構成デバイスを作製した。
(Fabrication of photoelectric conversion element)
A glass substrate manufactured by Geomatec Co., Ltd. on which an indium tin oxide (ITO) transparent conductive film (cathode) was patterned as an electrode was ultrasonically cleaned with acetone, then ultrasonically cleaned with ethanol, and then dried with nitrogen blow. The dried glass substrate was subjected to UV-ozone treatment, and then an electron transport layer was formed. The electron transport layer was formed by applying a 0.5M zinc acetate/0.5M aminoethanol/2-methoxyethanol solution to the glass substrate with a spin coater (3000 rpm, 40 seconds), and then annealing at 175°C for 30 minutes. The glass substrate on which the electron transport layer was formed was carried into a glove box, and a mixed solution 1 or mixed solution 2 of a p-type semiconductor compound and an n-type semiconductor compound was spin-coated under an inert gas atmosphere, and annealing or reduced-pressure drying was performed on a hot plate to form an active layer. Next, molybdenum oxide, which is a hole transport layer, was evaporated using an evaporation machine. Then, silver, which is an electrode (anode), was evaporated to produce an inverted configuration device.
得られた逆型構成デバイスについて、光電変換素子の評価を下記手順でソーラーシミュレーターを用いて行った。The photoelectric conversion element of the obtained inverted configuration device was evaluated using a solar simulator according to the following procedure.
(光電変換素子の評価方法)
光電変換素子に0.05027mm角のメタルマスクを付け、照射光源としてソーラーシミュレーター(OTENTO-SUNIII、AM1.5Gフィルター、放射強度100mW/cm2、分光計器製)を用い、ソースメーター(ケイスレー社製,2400型)により、ITO電極と銀電極との間における電流-電圧特性を測定した。この測定結果から、短絡電流密度Jsc(mA/cm2)、開放電圧Voc(V)、曲線因子FF、Voc×FFの値、および光電変換効率η(%)を算出した。短絡電流密度Jscとは、電圧値が0Vのときの電流密度である。開放電圧Vocとは、電流値が0mA/cm2のときの電圧値である。曲線因子FFとは、内部抵抗を表すファクターであり、最大出力をPmaxとすると次式で表される。
FF=Pmax/(Voc×Jsc)
光電変換効率ηは、次式で表される。
η=Jsc×Voc×FF
(Method of evaluating photoelectric conversion element)
A metal mask of 0.05027 mm square was attached to the photoelectric conversion element, and a solar simulator (OTENTO-SUNIII, AM1.5G filter, radiation intensity 100 mW/cm 2 , manufactured by Bunkoukeiki Co., Ltd.) was used as an irradiation light source, and the current-voltage characteristics between the ITO electrode and the silver electrode were measured by a source meter (manufactured by Keithley, Model 2400). From the measurement results, the short-circuit current density Jsc (mA/cm 2 ), open-circuit voltage Voc (V), fill factor FF, the value of Voc×FF, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency η (%) were calculated. The short-circuit current density Jsc is the current density when the voltage value is 0 V. The open-circuit voltage Voc is the voltage value when the current value is 0 mA/cm 2. The fill factor FF is a factor representing the internal resistance, and is expressed by the following formula when the maximum output is Pmax.
FF=Pmax/(Voc×Jsc)
The photoelectric conversion efficiency η is expressed by the following formula.
η=Jsc×Voc×FF
その結果、上記混合溶液1を用いて作製した逆型構成デバイスは、Jsc(短絡電流密度)が5.31mA/cm2、Voc(開放電圧)が0.96V、FF(曲線因子)が0.60であり、Voc×FFの値は0.576であった。また、光電変換効率ηは3.06%であった。一方、上記混合溶液2を用いて作製した逆型構成デバイスは、Jsc(短絡電流密度)が10.26mA/cm2、Voc(開放電圧)が0.81V、FF(曲線因子)が0.70であり、Voc×FFの値は0.567であった。また、光電変換効率ηは5.82%であった。 As a result, the inverted configuration device fabricated using the above mixed solution 1 had a Jsc (short-circuit current density) of 5.31 mA/cm 2 , a Voc (open-circuit voltage) of 0.96 V, a FF (fill factor) of 0.60, and a Voc×FF value of 0.576. The photoelectric conversion efficiency η was 3.06%. On the other hand, the inverted configuration device fabricated using the above mixed solution 2 had a Jsc (short-circuit current density) of 10.26 mA/cm 2 , a Voc (open-circuit voltage) of 0.81 V, a FF (fill factor) of 0.70, and a Voc×FF value of 0.567. The photoelectric conversion efficiency η was 5.82%.
本発明の高分子化合物を含む有機半導体材料を有機電子デバイスに用いれば、有機電子デバイスの開放電圧(Voc)と曲線因子(FF)の積[Voc×FF]を大きくすることができるため、光電変換効率ηを高めることができる。従って有機薄膜太陽電池などの有機電子デバイスの光電変換効率ηを高めることができる。If an organic semiconductor material containing the polymer compound of the present invention is used in an organic electronic device, the product [Voc x FF] of the open circuit voltage (Voc) and the fill factor (FF) of the organic electronic device can be increased, thereby increasing the photoelectric conversion efficiency η. Therefore, the photoelectric conversion efficiency η of organic electronic devices such as organic thin-film solar cells can be increased.
Claims (8)
[式(1)中、T1、T2は、それぞれ独立に、炭化水素基またはオルガノシリル基で置換されていてもよいチオフェン環であるか、炭化水素基またはオルガノシリル基で置換されていてもよいチアゾール環であるか、炭化水素基、オルガノシリル基、アルコキシ基、チオアルコキシ基、トリフルオロメチル基、またはハロゲン原子で置換されていてもよいフェニル基を表す。
また、B1、B2は、それぞれ独立に、炭化水素基で置換されていてもよいチオフェン環であるか、炭化水素基で置換されていてもよいチアゾール環であるか、またはエチニレン基を表す。]
[式(2)中、Raは、Ra1または*-Ra2-O-Ra1を表す。Ra1は、炭素数6~30の炭化水素基を表し、Ra2は、炭素数1~5の炭化水素基を表し、*は結合手を表す。
また、Rbは、それぞれ独立に、水素原子、または炭素数1~5の炭化水素基を表す。]
[式(3)中、Rc、Rdは、それぞれ独立に、炭素数6~30の炭化水素基を表す。] A polymer compound characterized in that a benzobisthiazole structural unit represented by the following formula (1) and a bithiophene structural unit represented by the following formula (2) or a cyclohexadithiophenedione structural unit represented by the following formula (3) are arranged alternately.
[In formula (1), T 1 and T 2 each independently represent a thiophene ring which may be substituted with a hydrocarbon group or an organosilyl group, a thiazole ring which may be substituted with a hydrocarbon group or an organosilyl group, or a hydrocarbon group, an organosilyl group, an alkoxy group, a thioalkoxy group, a trifluoromethyl group, or a phenyl group which may be substituted with a halogen atom.
Furthermore, B 1 and B 2 each independently represent a thiophene ring which may be substituted with a hydrocarbon group, a thiazole ring which may be substituted with a hydrocarbon group, or an ethynylene group.]
In formula (2), R a represents R a1 or *-R a2 -O-R a1 . R a1 represents a hydrocarbon group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, R a2 represents a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and * represents a bond.
Each R b independently represents a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms.
[In formula (3), R c and R d each independently represent a hydrocarbon group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms.]
[式(t3)~式(t5)中、R 15 、R16は、それぞれ独立に、炭素数6~30の炭化水素基、または*-Si(R18)3で表される基を表す。
R17は、それぞれ独立に、炭素数6~30の炭化水素基、*-Si(R18)3、*-O-R19、*-S-R20、*-CF3、またはハロゲン原子を表す。
n1は1~3の整数、n2は1または2、n3は1~5の整数をそれぞれ表し、複数のR15は同一でも異なっていてもよく、複数のR16は同一でも異なっていてもよく、複数のR17は同一でも異なっていてもよい。
R18は、それぞれ独立に、炭素数1~20の脂肪族炭化水素基、または炭素数6~10の芳香族炭化水素基を表し、複数のR18は同一でも異なっていてもよい。
R19、R20は、それぞれ独立に、炭素数6~30の炭化水素基を表す。
*は、結合手を表す。] 2. The polymer compound according to claim 1, wherein T 1 and T 2 are each independently a group represented by any one of the following formulae (t 3 ) to (t5):
In formulae (t 3 ) to (t5) , R 15 and R 16 each independently represent a hydrocarbon group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms or a group represented by *-Si(R 18 ) 3 .
R 17 each independently represents a hydrocarbon group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, *-Si(R 18 ) 3 , *-O-R 19 , *-S-R 20 , *-CF 3 or a halogen atom.
n1 represents an integer of 1 to 3, n2 represents 1 or 2, and n3 represents an integer of 1 to 5; multiple R 15s may be the same or different, multiple R 16s may be the same or different, and multiple R 17s may be the same or different.
Each R 18 independently represents an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms or an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, and multiple R 18 may be the same or different.
R 19 and R 20 each independently represent a hydrocarbon group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms.
* represents a bond.
[式(b1)~式(b3)中、R21、R22は、それぞれ独立に、炭素数6~30の炭化水素基を表す。
n4は0~2の整数、n5は0または1を表し、複数のR21は同一でも異なっていてもよい。
*は、結合手を表し、左側の*は、ベンゾビスチアゾール構造単位のベンゼン環に結合する結合手を表す。] 3. The polymer compound according to claim 1, wherein B 1 and B 2 are each independently a group represented by any one of the following formulae (b1) to (b3):
In formulae (b1) to (b3), R 21 and R 22 each independently represent a hydrocarbon group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms.
n4 represents an integer of 0 to 2, n5 represents 0 or 1, and multiple R 21 may be the same or different.
* represents a bond, and the * on the left represents a bond bonded to the benzene ring of the benzobisthiazole structural unit.
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