JP7466368B2 - Deck replacement method - Google Patents

Description

This invention relates to a method for replacing decks on existing bridges and other structures (removing the existing deck and installing a new one in its place).

The deck slabs are made of precast concrete and are laid on top of the girders of the bridge to form the foundation of the road surface.
Such decks may need to be replaced (removal of the existing deck and installation of a new one) due to reasons such as corrosion of the internal reinforcing bars after years of use.

A method described in Patent Document 1 is known as a conventional deck replacement method.
The deck replacement machine used here comprises a self-propelled gate structure formed by connecting front and rear gate frames in the bridge axis direction, with the front and rear gate frames spanning the deck replacement position, two sets of rails arranged in parallel along the ceiling of the gate structure, and first and second lifting devices (chain blocks) suspended on each rail and movable.

The first lifting device is for transporting and installing the new deck slab, and the second lifting device is for removing and transporting the existing deck slab, and these devices can pass each other in opposite directions in the bridge axis direction while lifting the deck slab.
In addition, transport vehicles such as trailers are used to bring in the new deck slab and to transport the existing deck slab.

In the deck replacement method using the above deck replacement machine, it is possible to simultaneously transport the new deck from the delivery position (the position where it is lifted from the trailer) to the replacement position (the position where the new deck is lowered and installed) using the first lifting device, and to transport the existing deck from the replacement position (the position where the existing deck is lifted and removed) to the removal position (the position where it is lowered onto the trailer) using the second lifting device, so that the delivery and installation of the new deck and the removal and removal of the existing deck can be performed in parallel.

JP 2018-100564 A

In the deck replacement method described in Patent Document 1, the deck replacement machine straddles the deck installation position, and one of the gate-shaped frames is placed on the existing deck before removal, while the other gate-shaped frame is placed on the new deck immediately after installation.
This means that a large load will be placed on the newly constructed deck immediately after installation.

Generally, precast concrete decks are installed with a predetermined gap between them, and the internal reinforcing bars (anchoring joints) protrude from both decks into the gap. Therefore, the deck is completed by pouring concrete (mortar) into the gap.
For this reason, the deck immediately after installation is in an unfinished state, and it may not be desirable to apply the load of the deck replacement machine to it.

In addition, the deck replacement method described in Patent Document 1 requires two lifting devices for one deck replacement machine, and they also need to be able to pass each other, which creates the problem of a complex configuration for the deck replacement machine.

In view of the above situation, the present invention aims to provide a method for replacing decks that does not place a load on the newly installed deck immediately after installation and that can be implemented with a relatively simple configuration.

The deck replacement method according to the present invention is a deck replacement method in which a lifting and moving machine capable of lifting and moving a deck is used to perform replacement work sequentially in one traveling direction for a row of decks,
The lifting and moving machine moves on the row of existing decks and has a suspension point at a position protruding from the lifting and moving machine in a direction opposite to the proceeding direction of the replacement work,
The replacement work is as follows:
(1) an existing deck removal process in which the existing deck is lifted and removed by the lifting and moving machine;
(2) an existing deck removal process in which the lifting and moving machine lifts the existing deck and moves in the direction of travel of the replacement work, a transport vehicle for transporting the existing deck is positioned below the hanging point of the lifting and moving machine, and then the lifting and moving machine hoists the existing deck onto the transport vehicle for transporting the existing deck, and the transport vehicle for transporting the existing deck is loaded with the existing deck and removed;
(3) A new deck delivery process in which a transport vehicle for new deck delivery is positioned below the hanging point of the lifting machine, and then the lifting machine lifts the new deck from the transport vehicle for new deck delivery, and then the transport vehicle for new deck delivery exits;
(4) a new deck installation process in which the lifting and moving machine moves in a direction opposite to the proceeding direction of the replacement work to suspend and install a new deck;
including.
In the deck replacement method according to the present invention, after the transport vehicle for the new deck delivery is withdrawn in the new deck delivery step, the transport vehicle is made to wait ahead of the lifting and moving machine on the row of existing decks in the direction of travel of the replacement work, and the waiting transport vehicle is used as the transport vehicle for the existing deck delivery step in the next replacement work. The lifting and moving machine is supported on the row of existing decks at left and right grounding parts, and has a space between the left and right grounding parts through which the transport vehicle can pass. In the existing deck delivery step and/or the new deck delivery step, when the transport vehicle enters below the hanging point of the lifting and moving machine, the transport vehicle moves through the space between the left and right grounding parts of the lifting and moving machine.

According to the present invention, the lifting machine only moves on the existing deck, and does not apply a load to the newly constructed deck.
In addition, basically, it can be implemented with one lifting and moving machine, and there is only one suspension point, and there is no need to move the suspension point relative to the lifting and moving machine, so it can be implemented with a simple configuration and costs, etc. can be reduced.

A front view showing an example of construction work for a bridge to be replaced as an embodiment of the present invention. Plan and side views of the above example of construction Side view showing the procedure for replacing the deck Plan view showing the procedure for replacing the deck An explanatory diagram of deck replacement pattern when using two lifting and moving machines

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail.
Fig. 1 is a front view showing an example of bridge construction work to be performed on a bridge deck according to an embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 2 is (a) a plan view and (b) a side view of the same construction work.

When rebuilding a bridge by replacing the deck, the most important issue is minimizing social loss caused by traffic restrictions and other factors associated with the construction, since the target is a road that is in use. For this reason, the deck replacement in this embodiment is referred to as "half-section construction."

In other words, if the bridge to be replaced has two lanes A and B, with the deck 2 arranged in two rows on the main girder (bridge girder) 1 made of four parallel H-shaped steel beams, the deck replacement work is carried out on one side at a time, for example, lane A first, while general vehicles are allowed to pass on lane B during this time. In this case, a temporary protective fence 3 is installed in the middle (on the end of the deck of lane B).

FIG. 2 also shows a basic pattern of a deck replacement operation using one lifting and moving machine as one embodiment of the present invention.
That is, the lifting and moving machine 10 capable of lifting and moving the deck slabs is used to perform the replacement work for the row of deck slabs in one moving direction (the direction of the arrow in FIG. 2 ). In other words, the replacement work is performed sequentially from one end of the deck slab replacement area (row of existing deck slabs) to the other end.

The direction in which the deck replacement work proceeds (the direction of the arrow in Figure 2) is the basic direction of movement of the lifting machine 10. Therefore, when the lifting machine 10 moves to the left in Figure 2, it is called moving forward, and when it moves to the right, it is called moving backward. Also, the left side of the lifting machine 10 in Figure 2 is the front, and the right side in Figure 2 is the rear.

In addition, a transport vehicle 20 such as a trailer or truck is used to transport the existing deck removed by the lifting and moving machine 10 and to transport the new deck to be installed by the lifting and moving machine 10 .
In this case, during the deck replacement work on lane A, the transport vehicle 20 can travel on lane B, which is in use, to transport the existing deck and to transport the new deck.

Next, the lifting and moving machine 10 and the transport vehicle 20 used in the deck replacement work in this embodiment will be described in more detail with reference to Figures 1 and 2.

The lifting and moving machine 10 has a gate-shaped main body, is supported on the existing deck 2 by left and right ground contact parts (12), and has a space 13 between the left and right ground contact parts through which the transport vehicle 20 can pass.

In this embodiment, the left and right ground contact parts are formed by wheels 12. This allows the vehicle to run on the ground contact parts, and the ground contact parts can also serve as running parts.

The wheels 12 in this embodiment are raceways and run on a pair of rails 11 laid via steel sleepers (not shown) on the row of the existing deck 2. By using raceways in this way, the position of the lifting machine 10 and the position of the passage space 13 during replacement work can be stabilized.
However, this does not prevent the wheels 12 from being tire-type, thereby eliminating the need for rail laying work.

The lifting machine 10 also moves over the row of existing deck slabs 2 and has a suspension point (suspension device 15) at a position extending from the main body of the lifting machine 10 in the opposite direction (rearward) to the progress of the deck replacement work.
Therefore, the lifting machine 10 includes a girder 14 supported on the upper part of the main body and extending rearward, and a suspension device 15 provided on the tip side of the girder 14.

The lifting device 15 includes at least a sheave or wire payout section, and a power section such as a winch is linked to the lifting device 15 via a sheave or the like.

The lifting device 15 can lift the existing deck for removal, hoist the removed existing deck onto a transport vehicle for removal, lift the new deck from the transport vehicle for delivery, and hoist the new deck for installation.

Here, the lifting device 15 is supported by the girder 14, which extends to the rear of the lifting mobile machine 10, making it possible to perform the above-mentioned lifting and lowering operations without moving the lifting device 15 back and forth.

The transport vehicle 20 may be a tire-type trailer or a truck, etc., and may therefore be capable of traveling on public roads.
However, this does not preclude the use of a dedicated trolley.

Next, the procedure for replacing the deck in this embodiment will be described with reference to Figs.
Figure 3 is a side view showing the procedure for replacing the deck, and Figure 4 is a plan view showing the procedure for replacing the deck. Note that (a) to (h) in Figure 3 correspond to (a) to (h) in Figure 4. Also, in Figures 3 and 4, the rails 11 are omitted for simplicity of explanation. Also, the new deck is marked with the symbol "2N" in comparison with the existing deck 2.

In addition, in Figures 3 and 4, the deck replacement work progresses from the right end to the left. Therefore, to the right of the current deck replacement position in Figures 3 and 4 is the new deck 2N that has already been installed on the main girder 1, and to the left is the existing deck 2 before removal. Then, the existing deck 2 will be removed from the position adjacent to the most recently installed new deck 2N, and the new deck 2N will be installed in its place.

In Figures 3(a) and 4(a), the lifting machine 10 has moved to a position where the suspension point (suspension device 15) is above the deck replacement position on the existing deck 2, which is close to the existing deck removal position, i.e., the deck replacement position.

The lifting mobile machine 10 lifts the existing deck 2 from above the main girder 1 at the removal position of the existing deck, and removes it.
At this time, the transport vehicle 20 for carrying out the existing deck is empty and waiting in front of the lifting/moving machine 10 (to the left in the figure).

The steps in Figures 3(a) and 4(a) correspond to the existing deck removal step, in which the existing deck 2 is lifted and removed by the lifting machine 10.

Next, as shown in Figures 3(b) and 4(b), the lifting machine 10 moves forward to the delivery position while hoisting the removed existing deck 2. The transport vehicle 20 passes under the lifting machine 10 (through space) and enters and positions behind the lifting machine 10 (below the suspension point).
Then, the existing deck 2 removed by the lifting machine 10 is hoisted down onto the loading platform of the transport vehicle 20. During this hoisting down, the existing deck 2 is rotated 90° by hand or the like, using a surrender rope, and the longitudinal direction of the existing deck 2 is changed from the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis to the direction of the bridge axis. This allows the existing deck 2 removed by the lifting machine 10 to be handed over to the transport vehicle 20.

Next, as shown in Figures 3(c) and 4(c), the lifting machine 10 may move further forward from the deck transfer position. This allows the transport vehicle 20 to move forward from the deck receiving position in reverse, and then to exit by changing direction, etc. This allows the vehicle to return via the in-use lane B.

The lifting machine 10 may be left waiting at the deck transfer position in Figures 3(b) and 4(b) while the transport vehicle 20 backs up and exits by passing under the lifting machine 10 (through space), or the transport vehicle 20 may exit by moving forward without passing under the lifting machine 10 (through space).

The steps in Figures 3(b) and 4(b) to 3(c) and 4(c) correspond to the existing deck removal process, in which the lifting machine 10 lifts the existing deck 2 and moves in the direction of the replacement work, the transport vehicle 20 for removing the existing deck is positioned below the lifting point of the lifting machine 10, and then the lifting machine 10 hoists the existing deck 2 onto the transport vehicle 20, which then leaves the existing deck 2 on the transport vehicle 20.

After the transport vehicle 20 leaves carrying the existing deck 2, a new transport vehicle 20 comes along via lane B carrying the new deck 2N, as shown in FIG. 3(d) and FIG. 4(d).
The lifting machine 10 waits at the deck receiving position (same as the delivery position).
Then, the transport vehicle 20 passes under the lifting machine 10 (through the space for passage) and enters and positions itself behind the lifting machine 10 (the deck slab delivery position; dotted line position in the drawing).

In addition, while the lifting machine 10 is waiting at the position shown in Figures 3 (c) and 4 (c), the transport vehicle 20 carrying the new deck 2N may enter the deck transfer position first without passing under the lifting machine 10, and then the lifting machine 10 may be moved to the deck receiving position.

Next, as shown in Figures 3(e) and 4(e), the lifting machine 10 uses its lifting device to lift the new deck 2N from the platform of the transport vehicle 20. This allows the new deck 2N to be received from the transport vehicle 20.

Next, as shown in Figures 3(f) and 4(f), the empty transport vehicle 20 backs up and exits under the lifting machine 10 (through space) and waits in front of the lifting machine 10 (when it serves both as a transport vehicle for bringing in the new deck and a transport vehicle for removing the existing deck). Also, the transport vehicle 20 may exit by moving forward without passing under the lifting machine 10 (through space).

The steps in Figures 3(d) and 4(d) to 3(f) and 4(f) correspond to the new deck delivery step, in which the transport vehicle 20 for delivering the new deck is positioned below the suspension point of the lifting machine 10, the lifting machine 10 then lifts the new deck 2N from the transport vehicle 20, and then the transport vehicle 20 exits.

Next, as shown in Figures 3(g) and 4(g), the lifting machine 10, while suspending the new deck 2N to be installed, moves in the opposite direction to the proceeding direction of the replacement work, and moves to the installation position of the new deck, i.e., to a position on the existing deck 2 adjacent to the deck replacement position, where the suspension point (suspension device 15) is above the deck replacement position.

The lifting machine 10 suspends the new deck 2N onto the main girder 1 at the installation position of the new deck and installs it. During this suspension, the new deck 2N is rotated 90 degrees by hand or using a sling rope, etc., to change the longitudinal direction of the new deck 2N from the bridge axis direction to a direction perpendicular to the bridge axis. This allows the lifting machine 10 to correctly install the new deck 2N.

The steps in Figures 3(g) and 4(g) correspond to the new deck installation step, in which the lifting machine 10 moves in the opposite direction to the proceeding direction of the replacement work, suspending and installing the new deck 2N.

This completes one cycle of deck replacement (from removal of the existing deck at one replacement location to installation of the new deck), and we move on to the next deck replacement.
For this reason, as shown in Figures 3(h) and 4(h), the lifting machine 10 moves forward by the length of one deck slab, and, as in Figures 3(a) and 4(a), the next existing deck slab 2 is lifted from above the main girder 1 and removed.

In this way, the lifting machine 10 moves sequentially (one slab at a time) over the row of existing slabs 2 in the direction in which the slab replacement work is progressing, while repeating the steps in Figures 3(a) and 4(a) to 3(g) and 4(g), allowing the slab replacement work to proceed efficiently.

In addition, the transport vehicle 20 that is waiting after the delivery of the new deck in Figures 3(f) and 4(f) is used to transport the removed existing deck 2 in the next replacement work (i.e., in Figures 3(h) and 4(h)).

In other words, the transport vehicle 20 for carrying in the deck is allowed to leave empty after handing over the deck, and is then put on standby to be used as the transport vehicle 20 for carrying out the deck in the next replacement work. This allows the transport vehicle 20 to be operated efficiently.

In addition, in this embodiment, during the existing deck removal process, the orientation of the existing deck 2 is changed while the lifting mobile machine 10 is lifting the existing deck 2 before hoisting it down to the transport vehicle 20, and during the new deck installation process, the orientation of the new deck 2N is changed while the new deck 2N is lifted up before hoisting it down.
Since the orientation is changed while the object is being lifted in this manner, it is possible to change the orientation easily by human power or the like without using a large-scale device such as a turntable.

In addition, in this embodiment, the lifting machine 10 is supported on the row of the existing deck 2 at the left and right grounding parts, and has a space 13 between the left and right grounding parts through which the transport vehicle 20 can pass. During the existing deck removal process or the new deck delivery process, when the transport vehicle 20 enters below the suspension point of the lifting machine 10, the transport vehicle 20 passes through the space 13 between the left and right grounding parts of the lifting machine 10 and moves to a position or position below the lifting machine 10. This allows the transport vehicle 20 to easily enter.

In addition, in this embodiment, when the transport vehicle 20 exits from below the suspension point of the lifting machine 10 during the process of removing the existing deck or the process of bringing in the new deck, the lifting machine 10 is moved in the direction of progress of the replacement work from the position where the existing deck is handed over to the transport vehicle 20 or the position where the new deck is received from the transport vehicle 20, or moved forward of the transport vehicle 20, so that the transport vehicle 20 moves while avoiding the lifting machine 10. This allows the transport vehicle 20 to exit, particularly from the replacement work site, easily and freely.

In the above, as shown in Figure 5 (a), one lifting machine 10 is used to carry out the deck replacement work from one end of the deck replacement area (row of existing decks) to the other end. However, in order to shorten the construction period, it is also possible to use two lifting machines 10 and carry out the work in the following deck replacement pattern.

For example, as shown in FIG. 5(b), two lifting and moving machines 10A and 10B are used to perform the reassembly work in sequence from one arbitrary position (middle position) in the row of existing deck slabs 2 in opposite directions (moving away from each other).

Or, as shown in Figure 5 (c), two lifting and moving machines 10A and 10B are used to perform the reassembly work sequentially from any two positions (both end positions) in the row of the existing deck slab 2 to the intermediate position between them.

By adopting this method (replacement pattern), the deck replacement work can be carried out more efficiently.

It should be noted that the illustrated embodiments are merely schematic illustrations of the present invention, and it goes without saying that the present invention encompasses various improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the claims, in addition to those directly shown in the described embodiments.
The claims as originally filed were as follows:
[Claim 1]
A method for replacing a deck slab by using a lifting and moving machine capable of lifting and moving the deck slab, the method comprising the steps of:
The lifting and moving machine moves on the row of existing decks and has a suspension point at a position protruding from the lifting and moving machine in a direction opposite to the proceeding direction of the replacement work,
The replacement work is as follows:
(1) an existing deck removal process in which the existing deck is lifted and removed by the lifting and moving machine;
(2) an existing deck removal process in which the lifting and moving machine lifts the existing deck and moves in the direction of travel of the replacement work, a transport vehicle for removing the existing deck is positioned below the hanging point of the lifting and moving machine, and then the lifting and moving machine suspends the existing deck onto the transport vehicle, and the transport vehicle is removed with the existing deck loaded onto it;
(3) A new deck delivery process in which a transport vehicle for delivering a new deck is positioned below the hanging point of the lifting machine, and then the lifting machine lifts the new deck from the transport vehicle, and then the transport vehicle is removed;
(4) a new deck installation process in which the lifting and moving machine moves in a direction opposite to the proceeding direction of the replacement work to suspend and install a new deck;
A method for replacing a deck slab, comprising:
[Claim 2]
The lifting and moving machine is supported on the row of existing deck slabs at the left and right grounding portions, and has a space between the left and right grounding portions through which the transport vehicle can pass,
A deck replacement method as described in claim 1, wherein, during the existing deck removal process or the new deck removal process, when the transport vehicle enters below the suspension point of the lifting mobile machine, the transport vehicle moves through the space between the left and right ground contact portions of the lifting mobile machine.
[Claim 3]
A deck replacement method as described in claim 1 or claim 2, wherein, during the existing deck removal process or the new deck delivery process, when the transport vehicle exits from below the hanging point of the lifting mobile machine, the lifting mobile machine is moved in the direction of progress of the replacement work from a position where the existing deck is delivered to the transport vehicle or a position where the new deck is received from the transport vehicle, and the transport vehicle moves while avoiding the lifting mobile machine.
[Claim 4]
The deck replacement method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein two lifting and moving machines are used to perform replacement work in sequence in opposite directions from any one position in the row of existing decks.
[Claim 5]
The method for replacing the deck slab described in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein two lifting and moving machines are used to sequentially replace the existing deck slabs from any two positions in the row to the intermediate position between them.

1 Main girder 2 Deck (existing deck)
2N Newly constructed deck 3 Temporary protective fence 10, 10A, 10B Lifting machine 11 Rail 12 Wheels (left and right ground contact parts)
13 Pass-through space 14 Beam 15 Suspension device (suspension point)
20 Transport vehicles

Claims (2)

A method for replacing a deck slab by using a lifting and moving machine capable of lifting and moving the deck slab, the method comprising the steps of:
The lifting and moving machine moves on the row of existing decks and has a suspension point at a position protruding from the lifting and moving machine in a direction opposite to the proceeding direction of the replacement work,
The replacement work is as follows:
(1) an existing deck removal process in which the existing deck is lifted and removed by the lifting and moving machine;
(2) an existing deck removal process in which the lifting and moving machine lifts the existing deck and moves in the direction of travel of the replacement work, a transport vehicle for transporting the existing deck is positioned below the hanging point of the lifting and moving machine, and then the lifting and moving machine hoists the existing deck onto the transport vehicle for transporting the existing deck, and the transport vehicle for transporting the existing deck is loaded with the existing deck and removed;
(3) A new deck delivery process in which a transport vehicle for new deck delivery is positioned below the hanging point of the lifting machine, and then the lifting machine lifts the new deck from the transport vehicle for new deck delivery, and then the transport vehicle for new deck delivery exits;
(4) a new deck installation process in which the lifting and moving machine moves in a direction opposite to the proceeding direction of the replacement work to suspend and install a new deck;
Including,
In the new deck delivery step, after the transport vehicle for delivering the new deck is withdrawn, the transport vehicle is made to wait ahead of the lifting and moving machine on the row of existing decks in the direction of travel of the replacement work,
The waiting transport vehicle is used as a transport vehicle for carrying out the existing deck in the existing deck carrying out process in the next replacement work,
The lifting and moving machine is supported on the row of existing deck slabs at the left and right grounding portions, and has a space between the left and right grounding portions through which the transport vehicle can pass,
A deck replacement method in which, during the existing deck removal process and/or the new deck removal process, when the transport vehicle enters below the suspension point of the lifting mobile machine, the transport vehicle moves through the space between the left and right ground contact portions of the lifting mobile machine . The bridge to be replaced has a plurality of lanes including a first lane and a second lane,
While the deck replacement method is being performed in the first lane, general vehicles are allowed to pass in the second lane,
The deck replacement method according to claim 1 , wherein the transport vehicle travels on the second lane to transport the existing deck and to transport the new deck.