JP7463199B2 - Fittings - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to fittings that allow ventilation while reducing the amount of heat entering and leaving the room.

The building's indoor environment was controlled by air conditioning, but because a lot of heat was entering and leaving through the windows, which increased electricity costs, there was a need for something more economical.

In consideration of the above-mentioned circumstances, the present invention aims to provide a fixture that can reduce the amount of heat entering and leaving through windows and suppress the heating and cooling load.

The building fixture according to the invention described in claim 1 comprises an outer partition, an inner partition, and a flow straightener, and has an outdoor side ventilation section that connects from the outdoor space to the intermediate layer between the outer partition and the inner partition, and an indoor side ventilation section that connects from the indoor space to the intermediate layer, the flow straightener is provided in the intermediate layer, the inner partition has a light-transmitting screen section and a light-shielding screen section that has higher insulating properties than the light-transmitting screen section, the area ratio of the light-transmitting screen section to the light-shielding screen section can be freely changed, and is characterized in that air flows in one direction along the inner surface of the outer partition, turns around near the end of the intermediate layer and flows in the other direction along the outer surface of the inner partition, or air flows in one direction along the outer surface of the inner partition, turns around near the end of the intermediate layer and flows in the other direction along the inner surface of the outer partition.

The building fixture according to the invention described in claim 1 comprises an outer partition, an inner partition, and a flow straightener, and has an outdoor side ventilation section that connects from the outdoor space to the intermediate layer between the outer partition and the inner partition, and an indoor side ventilation section that connects from the indoor space to the intermediate layer, and the flow straightener is provided in the intermediate layer, and air flows in one direction along the inner surface of the outer partition, turns around near the end of the intermediate layer and flows in the other direction along the outer surface of the inner partition, or air flows in one direction along the outer surface of the inner partition, turns around near the end of the intermediate layer and flows in the other direction along the inner surface of the outer partition, thereby recovering heat escaping from inside the room to outside in winter, and recovering heat entering the room from outside in summer and discharging it outside, thereby reducing the flow of heat in and out through the window and suppressing the heating and cooling load. The inner partition has a translucent screen section and a light-shielding screen section which has better insulating properties than the light-transmitting screen section, and the area ratio between the light-transmitting screen section and the light-shielding screen section can be freely changed. For example, the area of the light-transmitting screen section can be increased during the daytime in winter to increase the amount of solar heat gained, and the area of the light-shielding screen section can be increased during the nighttime in winter to improve insulating performance, thereby further reducing the heating load.

FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a first embodiment of the fitting of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the fitting of the first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the fitting of the first embodiment, showing a state in which the intermediate partition is made up of only a translucent screen portion. FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the fitting of the first embodiment, showing a state in which the intermediate partition is made up of only the light-shielding screen portion. FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the fitting of the first embodiment, showing the state in which the intermediate partition body is retracted. FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a second embodiment of the fitting of the present invention. FIG. 11 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the fitting of the second embodiment, showing a state in which the intermediate partition body is made of only a translucent screen portion. FIG. 11 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the fitting of the second embodiment, showing a state in which the intermediate partition is made up of only the light-shielding screen portion. FIG. 11 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a third embodiment of the fitting of the present invention. FIG. 13 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the fitting of the third embodiment, showing a state in which the intermediate partition body is made of only a translucent screen portion. FIG. 13 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the fitting of the third embodiment, showing a state in which the intermediate partition is made up of only the light-shielding screen portion. FIG. 13 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the fitting of the third embodiment, showing the state in which the intermediate partition body is contracted. A vertical cross-sectional view showing a fourth embodiment of the building fixture of the present invention. FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of the fitting of the fourth embodiment. FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of the fitting of the fourth embodiment, showing a state in which the intermediate partition is made up of only a translucent screen portion. FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of the fitting of the fourth embodiment, showing a state in which the intermediate partition is made up of only the light-shielding screen portion. FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of the fitting of the fourth embodiment, showing the intermediate partition body in a retracted state. A vertical cross-sectional view showing a fifth embodiment of the building fixture of the present invention. FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of the fitting of the fifth embodiment. FIG. 13 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the fitting of the fifth embodiment, showing a state in which the inner partition body is made of only a translucent screen portion. A vertical cross-sectional view of the fitting of the fifth embodiment, showing a state in which the inner partition body is made up of only the shading screen portion. A vertical cross-sectional view of the fitting of the fifth embodiment, showing the inner partition body in a retracted state. A vertical cross-sectional view showing a sixth embodiment of the building fixture of the present invention. FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of the fitting of the sixth embodiment. FIG. 13 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the fitting of the sixth embodiment, showing a state in which the inner partition body is made of only a translucent screen portion. A vertical cross-sectional view of the fitting of the sixth embodiment, showing a state in which the inner partition body is made up of only a shading screen portion. A vertical cross-sectional view of the fitting of the sixth embodiment, showing the state in which the inner partition body is retracted. A vertical cross-sectional view showing a seventh embodiment of the building fixture of the present invention. FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of the fitting of the seventh embodiment. FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of the fitting of the seventh embodiment, showing a state in which the inner partition body is made of only a translucent screen portion. A cross-sectional view of the fitting of the seventh embodiment, showing the state in which the inner partition body is made up of only the shading screen portion. A cross-sectional view of the building fixture of the seventh embodiment, showing the inner partition body in a retracted state.

The following describes an embodiment of the present invention with reference to the drawings. Figures 1 to 5 show a first embodiment of the fitting of the present invention. As shown in Figures 1 and 2, this fitting comprises an outer partition body 1 installed on the outside of a window opening of a building, an inner partition body 2 installed on the inside of the window opening, and an intermediate partition body 3 installed in an intermediate layer 4 between the outer partition body 1 and the inner partition body 2.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the outer partition body 1 is a sliding window with a frame 10 fixed to the opening of the main body, and an outer screen 11a and an inner screen 11b that are housed in the frame 10 in a sliding manner so that they can be opened and closed freely. The outer screen 11a and the inner screen 11b are constructed by assembling an upper frame 12, a lower frame 13, a door end frame 14, and a joint frame 15, and fitting glass (single-pane glass) 16 inside. The upper frame 12 has a large number of vertically elongated slit-shaped ventilation holes 17a, 17b formed at intervals in the left-right direction on the exterior wall and the interior wall, and an exterior ventilation section 5 is provided that communicates with the intermediate layer 4 between the exterior partition body 1 and the intermediate partition body 3 from the outdoor space. A filter 18 is provided inside the exterior ventilation section 5 to prevent the intrusion of dust, pollen, etc.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the inner partition body 2 is a sliding window having an upper frame 20, a lower frame 21, and left and right vertical frames 22, 22 attached to the inner peripheral side surfaces of the four surrounding frames 19a, 19b, 19c, 19d, and an outer shoji 23a and an inner shoji 23b that are freely opened and closed in a sliding manner between the upper and lower frames 20, 21. The frames 20, 21, 22 and the frames of the shoji 23a, 23b are made of resin. The glass 24 of the shoji 23a, 23b is double-glazed. Since there are wooden frames 19a, 19b, 19c, 19d between the frame 10 of the outer partition body 1 and the frames 20, 21, 22 of the inner partition body 2, the outer partition body 1 and the inner partition body 2 are thermally separated.
The upper part of the upper frame 20 is provided with a ventilation brace 25. The ventilation brace 25 has a number of vent holes 26a, 26b on the exterior and interior facing surfaces, and an interior ventilation section 6 is provided that communicates with the interior space and the intermediate layer 4 between the interior partition body 2 and the intermediate partition body 3. A filter 27 is provided in the interior ventilation section 6 to prevent the intrusion of dust, pollen, etc.

1, the intermediate partition 3 is a vertically used double pleated screen in which a light-transmitting screen section 7 and a light-blocking screen section 8 are vertically connected. More specifically, the intermediate partition 3 has a main box 28 attached to the underside of the upper frame 19a, a lower cross rail 29, and a middle cross rail 30. Between the main box 28 and the middle cross rail 30, a light-transmitting screen section 7 made of lace fabric is provided, and between the middle cross rail 30 and the lower cross rail 29, a light-blocking screen section 8 made of light-blocking fabric with higher thermal insulation properties than the light-transmitting screen section 7 is provided. Both the light-transmitting screen section 7 and the light-blocking screen section 8 can be folded and unfolded in a pleated shape, and the area ratio between the light-transmitting screen section 7 and the light-blocking screen section 8 can be freely changed by operating the operation section 31 to move the middle horizontal rail 30 up and down, and as shown in Fig. 3, the light-blocking screen section 8 can be folded to leave only the light-transmitting screen section 7, or as shown in Fig. 4, the light-transmitting screen section 7 can be folded to leave only the light-blocking screen section 8. Moreover, as shown in Fig. 5, both the light-transmitting screen section 7 and the light-blocking screen section 8 can be folded.
The intermediate partition 3 can be used, for example, in the daytime by using only the light-transmitting screen portion 7 as shown in FIG. 3, which allows light and solar heat into the room while blocking views from outside to a certain extent, and at night by using only the light-shielding screen portion 8 as shown in FIG. 4, which blocks views from outside and improves the thermal insulation of the window.

In addition to the presence of resin frames 20, 21, 22 and an inner partition 2 made of frame and double-glazed glass 24, air flows between the indoors and outdoors through the outdoor ventilation section 5 of the outer partition 1, the intermediate layer 4, and the indoor ventilation section 6 of the inner partition 2, preventing heat transfer in the opposite direction to the air flow, thereby providing even greater insulating effects.
In the case of winter, the interior of the room is adjusted to negative pressure by a ventilation fan or the like, and air flows from the outside to the inside of the room through the fitting. The intermediate partition 3 may be in any of the following states: a state in which the light-transmitting screen portion 7 and the light-blocking screen portion 8 are arranged vertically as shown in Fig. 1, a state in which only the light-transmitting screen portion 7 is provided as shown in Fig. 3, a state in which only the light-blocking screen portion 8 is provided as shown in Fig. 4, or a state in which both the light-transmitting screen portion 7 and the light-blocking screen portion 8 are folded up (no screen) as shown in Fig. 5. A gap 32 is provided between the lower horizontal rail 29 and the lower frame 19b to ensure air flow. The arrows in Figs. 1, 3, 4, and 5 indicate the air flow.
The cold air (outside air) flowing in from the outdoor ventilation section 5 of the outer partition body 1 hits the intermediate partition body 3 and flows downward. The cold air then flows under the intermediate layer 4 by the cold draft, turns back, is warmed by the heat inside the room transmitted from the glass 24 of the inner partition body 2, and rises along the outdoor side surface of the inner partition body 2, during which the heat escaping from the glass 24 of the inner partition body 2 to the outside is collected by the air flow. In addition, when the window is exposed to sunlight, the air can obtain solar radiation heat while flowing through the intermediate layer 4 along the inner side surface of the outer partition body 1 and the outer side surface of the inner partition body 2 in this way. The warmed air then flows into the room through the indoor ventilation section 6 at the top of the inner partition body 2. When the air passes through the indoor ventilation section 6, the heat of the ventilation brace 25 and the upper frame 20, which have been warmed by the heat inside the room, is also collected by the air flow. By taking the warmed air into the room, the collected heat can be returned to the room.
In this way, the air flows in a detouring manner along the inside surface of the outer partition 1 and the outside surface of the inner partition 2 inside the intermediate layer 4, and the heat transferred from the inside to the outside is collected by the air flow and returned to the inside, so that there is almost no heat loss from the inside to the outside, and very high thermal insulation is obtained. In addition, since the outside air is warmed and brought into the room, people inside the room do not feel cold drafts and the heating efficiency is also good.

In summer, the indoor air pressure is adjusted to positive pressure by a ventilation fan or the like, and air flows from the indoors to the outdoors, in the opposite direction to winter. The indoor air coming out of the indoor ventilation section 6 of the inner partition body 2 flows downward when it hits the intermediate partition body 3. After that, since the indoor air is lower in temperature than the outdoors, it flows downward along the outer side of the inner partition body 2, turns around at the bottom of the intermediate layer 4, and rises along the indoor side of the glass 16 of the outer partition body 1 due to the heat of the glass 16 of the outer partition body 1, etc. During this time, the heat entering the room from the outdoors through the glass 16 of the outer partition body 1 is collected by the air flow. The air is then released to the outdoors through the outdoor ventilation section 5 of the outer partition body 1. When the air passes through the outdoor ventilation section 5, the heat entering the room through the upper frame 12 is collected by the air flow. Then, the air is released to the outdoors, and the heat collected from the glass 16 and the upper frame 12 is discharged to the outdoors. In this way, the heat transferred from the outside to the inside of the room is collected by the air flow and then discarded to the outside, preventing the transport of heat from the outside to the inside of the room, which is the opposite direction of the air outflow, providing excellent insulation and keeping the room cool.

The heat transmission coefficient and solar heat gain coefficient of the first embodiment were obtained by experiment in the case of no screen (see FIG. 5), only the light-transmitting screen portion 7 (see FIG. 3), and only the light-transmitting screen portion 8 (see FIG. 4). The heat transmission coefficient was measured in accordance with JIS A4710 "Test method for thermal insulation of fittings" under conditions of an outside temperature of 0°C, an indoor temperature of 20°C, and no solar radiation. The solar heat gain coefficient was measured in accordance with JIS A1493 "Measurement of solar heat gain coefficient" under conditions of an outside temperature of 30°C, an indoor temperature of 25°C, and solar radiation of 500 W/ ^m2 . The specifications of the fittings were as follows: outer partition 1 was made of aluminum sash single-pane glass, inner partition 2 was made of resin sash LowE double-pane glass, and intermediate partition 3 was made of a double pleated screen made of lace fabric and light-shielding fabric. The experimental results are shown in Table 1.

As shown in Table 1, the thermal conductivity is smaller when only the translucent screen portion 7 is used than when there is no screen, and the thermal conductivity is even smaller when only the shading screen portion 8 is used, which shows that the thermal insulation performance is improved. The solar heat gain coefficient is also largest when there is no screen, slightly smaller when only the translucent screen portion 7 is used, and significantly smaller when only the shading screen portion 8 is used. Therefore, a comfortable indoor environment can be obtained by appropriately using the translucent screen portion 7 and the shading screen portion 8, for example, by using only the translucent screen portion 7 during the daytime in winter to prioritize the acquisition of solar heat, and using only the shading screen portion 8 during the nighttime in winter to prioritize insulation.

6 to 8 show a second embodiment of the fitting of the present invention. As shown in Figs. 6 and 8, this fitting has a shading screen portion 8 of an intermediate partition 3 that is a honeycomb screen formed of shading fabric in the form of vertically connected hexagons. The rest of the fitting is the same as the first embodiment.
In the building fixture of this embodiment, the shading screen portion 8 of the intermediate partition 3 is made of a honeycomb screen, and when only the shading screen portion 8 is used (see Figure 8), the shading fabric is arranged double in the expected direction and an air layer 33 is formed inside, thereby further improving the insulation performance.

In addition, since the fittings of the present invention have ventilation sections 5, 6 on the outer partition 1 and inner partition 2, respectively, the sound insulation performance is reduced compared to a simple double-glazed window without the ventilation sections 5, 6. However, by installing a honeycomb screen (light-shielding screen section) 8 on the intermediate layer 4 as in this embodiment, the reduction in sound insulation performance can be suppressed. The honeycomb screen 8 may be provided in the center of the intermediate layer 4 in the projection direction, but by installing it close to the outer partition 1, the distance between the outdoor ventilation section 5 of the outer partition 1 and the honeycomb screen 8 is shortened, improving the sound insulation performance.

9 to 12 show a third embodiment of the fitting of the present invention. As shown in Fig. 9, in this embodiment, the intermediate partition 3 is a double roll screen in which a light-transmitting screen section 7 and a light-shielding screen section 8 are arranged side by side in the prospective direction.
The winding shaft 34a of the light-transmitting screen section 7 and the winding shaft 34b of the light-shielding screen section 8 are arranged vertically, and the gap between the two winding shafts 34a, 34b is blocked from the outside of the room with a cover material 35. The cover material 35 follows the change in diameter of the winding shaft 34a of the light-transmitting screen section 7 so that its tip is always in contact with the winding shaft 34a. This prevents air flowing in from the outdoor-side ventilation section 5 of the outer partition body 1 from passing between the two winding shafts 34a, 34b and taking a shortcut through the intermediate layer 4. Furthermore, the intermediate partition body 3 has a cover material 37 that blocks the gap between the main frame 36 and the winding shaft 34b of the light-shielding screen section 8 from the inside of the room, and the cover material 37 follows the change in diameter of the winding shaft 34b so that its tip is always in contact with the winding shaft 34b. This prevents air flowing out of the indoor ventilation section 6 of the inner partition body 2 from passing through the gap between the main frame 36 and the winding shaft 34b when air flows in the opposite direction to the arrow in the figure, and from taking a shortcut through the intermediate layer 4.
The light-transmitting screen portion 7 and the light-blocking screen portion 8 have bottom bars 38a, 38b at their lower ends, respectively, and the bottom bars 38a, 38b are attracted to each other by built-in magnets. This creates an air layer 33 between the light-transmitting screen portion 7 and the light-blocking screen portion 8, further improving the heat insulation performance.

As shown in FIG. 10, the intermediate partition 3 can be configured so that only the light-transmitting screen portion 7 is left by rolling up the light-transmitting screen portion 8, as shown in FIG. 11, so that only the light-transmitting screen portion 8 is left by rolling up the light-transmitting screen portion 7, or as shown in FIG. 12, so that both the light-transmitting screen portion 7 and the light-transmitting screen portion 8 are rolled up to leave no screen. In this way, by using the light-transmitting screen portion 7 and the light-transmitting screen portion 8 appropriately, the insulation performance and solar heat gain coefficient can be changed, as in the first and second embodiments.

13 to 17 show a fourth embodiment of the fitting of the present invention. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 14, the intermediate partition 3 is a horizontally used double pleated screen in which a light-transmitting screen section 7 and a light-shielding screen section 8 are connected to the left and right. More specifically, the intermediate partition 3 has a main box 28 attached to one vertical frame 19c, a pull handle frame 39 abutting against the other vertical frame 19d, and an intermediate vertical rail 40 provided between the main box 28 and the door end frame 39. The light-shielding screen section 8 made of light-shielding fabric is provided between the main box 28 and the intermediate vertical rail 40, and the light-transmitting screen section 7 made of light-transmitting fabric is provided between the intermediate vertical rail 40 and the pull handle frame 39. The light-transmitting screen portion 7 and the light-blocking screen portion 8 can be folded and unfolded in a pleated shape, and the area ratio between the light-transmitting screen portion 7 and the light-blocking screen portion 8 can be changed by moving the position of the intermediate vertical rail 40 left or right. The intermediate partition 3 can have only the light-transmitting screen portion 7 as shown in Fig. 15, or only the light-blocking screen portion 8 as shown in Fig. 16, or can have no screen by folding both the light-transmitting screen portion 7 and the light-blocking screen portion 8 as shown in Fig. 17.
The upper and lower ends of the light-transmitting screen portion 7 and the light-shielding screen portion 8 are guided by guide rails 41a, 41b, as shown in Fig. 13. The lower guide rail 41b has ventilation holes 42a, 42b formed in the exterior and interior walls, and is provided with a ventilation portion 43 communicating between the inside and outside of the room, so that the air flow can be turned back at the lower end of the intermediate layer 4.

In the fittings of this embodiment, as in the first embodiment, etc., air flows in a detouring manner along the inner surface of the outer partition 1 and the outer surface of the inner partition 2 through the intermediate layer 4, thereby reducing the amount of heat entering and leaving through the window while providing ventilation, thereby suppressing the heating and cooling load. In addition, by appropriately using the translucent screen portion 7 and the light-shielding screen portion 8 of the intermediate partition 3, the insulation performance and solar heat gain rate can be changed, which helps to achieve a comfortable indoor environment.

18 to 22 show a fifth embodiment of the fitting of the present invention. As shown in Fig. 18, the fitting of this embodiment has an inner partition body 2 as a vertically used double pleated screen in which a light-transmitting screen section 7 and a light-shielding screen section 8 are connected vertically.
The lower horizontal rail 29 of the inner partition 2 is in contact with the lower frame 19b, and airtightness is provided so that air does not leak between the lower horizontal rail 29 and the lower frame 19b. Also, as shown in Fig. 19, both left and right ends of the light-transmitting screen portion 7 and the light-blocking screen portion 8 are inserted into guide rails 44 attached along the vertical frames 19c and 19d, thereby providing airtightness so that air does not leak between the light-transmitting screen portion 7 and the light-blocking screen portion 8 and the vertical frames 19c and 19d. As shown in Fig. 18, the main box 28 of the inner partition 2 is attached to the upper frame 19a with brackets 45 (usually provided at two places, both left and right ends), and the gap between the upper frame 19a and the main box 28 serves as the indoor ventilation portion 6.
As shown in Fig. 20, the inner partition 2 can have only the light-transmitting screen portion 7 by folding the light-blocking screen portion 8, or as shown in Fig. 21, the light-transmitting screen portion 7 can be folded to have only the light-blocking screen portion 8. Also, as shown in Fig. 22, both the light-transmitting screen portion 7 and the light-blocking screen portion 8 can be folded to have no screen.

In the fitting of this embodiment, instead of providing an intermediate partition 3 in the intermediate layer 4 to ensure a bypass air flow along the inner surface of the outer partition 1 and the outer surface of the inner partition 2, a flow straightener 9 is provided in the intermediate layer 4 as shown in FIG. 18. The flow straightener 9 is made of a transparent resin plate or the like, and is hung down from the upper frame 19a using angled metal fittings 46.

As in the first embodiment, the fitting of this embodiment allows air to flow from the outside to the inside or from the inside to the outside along the inside surface of the outer partition 1 and the outside surface of the inner partition 2, thereby achieving high insulation performance and reducing the heating and cooling load. In addition, by appropriately switching between the light-transmitting screen portion 7 and the light-shielding screen portion 8 according to the time of day or season, the insulation performance and solar heat gain rate can be changed to create a comfortable indoor environment. By using a double pleated screen for the inner partition 2, an inner window is not required, which reduces costs.
The light-shielding screen portion 8 may be a honeycomb screen as in the second embodiment (see FIG. 6).

23 to 27 show a sixth embodiment of the fitting of the present invention. As shown in Fig. 23, the fitting of this embodiment is a double roll screen in which the inner partition body 2 is provided with a light-transmitting screen section 7 and a light-shielding screen section 8 arranged side by side in the prospective direction.
Bottom bars 38a, 38b provided at the lower ends of the light-transmitting screen portion 7 and the light-blocking screen portion 8 are in contact with the lower frame 19b to provide airtightness so that air does not leak between the light-transmitting screen portion 7 and the light-blocking screen portion 8 and the lower frame 19b. As shown in Fig. 24, both left and right ends of the light-transmitting screen portion 7 and the light-blocking screen portion 8 are inserted into guide rails 44 attached along the vertical frames 19c, 19d, thereby providing airtightness so that air does not leak between the light-transmitting screen portion 7 and the light-blocking screen portion 8 and the vertical frames 19c, 19d. As shown in Fig. 23, the main frame 36 of the inner partition 2 is attached to the upper frame 19a with brackets 45 (usually provided at two places, both left and right ends), and the gap between the upper frame 19a and the main frame 36 serves as the indoor ventilation portion 6.
As shown in Fig. 25, the inner partition 2 can have only the light-transmitting screen portion 7 by rolling up the light-shielding screen portion 8, or as shown in Fig. 26, the light-transmitting screen portion 7 can have only the light-shielding screen portion 8 by rolling up the light-transmitting screen portion 7. Also, as shown in Fig. 27, both the light-transmitting screen portion 7 and the light-shielding screen portion 8 can be rolled up to leave no screen.
The intermediate layer 4 is provided with a flow regulator 9, similarly to the fifth embodiment.

As with the first embodiment, the fittings of this embodiment allow air to flow from the outside to the inside, or from the inside to the outside, along the inside surface of the outer partition 1 and the outside surface of the inner partition 2, thereby achieving high insulation performance and reducing the heating and cooling load. In addition, by appropriately switching between the translucent screen section 7 and the light-shielding screen section 8 according to the time of day and season, the insulation performance and solar heat acquisition rate can be changed to create a comfortable indoor environment. By using a double roll screen for the inner partition 2, an inner window is no longer necessary, which reduces costs.

Figures 28 to 32 show a seventh embodiment of the fitting of the present invention. As shown in Figure 29, the fitting of this embodiment has an inner partition 2 as a horizontally used two-pleat screen in which a light-transmitting screen portion 7 and a light-blocking screen portion 8 are connected to the left and right. The inner partition 2 can freely change the area ratio of the light-transmitting screen portion 7 and the light-blocking screen portion 8 by moving the middle vertical rail 40 to the left and right, and can have only the light-transmitting screen portion 7 as shown in Figure 30, or only the light-blocking screen portion 8 as shown in Figure 31. Furthermore, as shown in Figure 32, both the light-transmitting screen portion 7 and the light-blocking screen portion 8 can be folded up to provide no screen.
The upper and lower ends of the light-transmitting screen portion 7 and the light-blocking screen portion 8 are guided by guide rails 41a, 41b as shown in Fig. 28. The upper guide rail 41a has vent holes 26a, 26b formed in the outdoor side wall and the indoor side wall, and is provided with an indoor side vent portion 6 communicating between the inside and outside of the room.
The intermediate layer 4 is provided with a flow regulator 9, similarly to the fifth embodiment.

As with the first embodiment, the fittings of this embodiment allow air to flow from the outside to the inside, or from the inside to the outside, along the inside surface of the outer partition 1 and the outside surface of the inner partition 2, thereby achieving high insulation performance and reducing the heating and cooling load. In addition, by appropriately switching between the translucent screen section 7 and the light-shielding screen section 8 according to the time of day and season, it is possible to change the insulation performance and solar heat acquisition rate and create a comfortable indoor environment. By using a double pleated screen for the inner partition 2, an inner window is not required, thereby reducing costs.

As described above, this fitting (first to fourth embodiments) comprises an outer partition 1, an intermediate partition 3, and an inner partition 2, and has an outdoor ventilation section 5 that connects from the outdoor space to the intermediate layer 4 between the outer partition 1 and the intermediate partition 3, and an indoor ventilation section 6 that connects from the indoor space to the intermediate layer 4 between the inner partition 2 and the intermediate partition 3. Air flows in one direction along the inner surface of the outer partition 1, turns around near the end of the intermediate layer 4, and flows in the other direction along the outer surface of the inner partition 2, or air flows in one direction along the outer surface of the inner partition 2, turns around near the end of the intermediate layer 4, and flows in the other direction along the inner surface of the outer partition 1. This makes it possible to collect heat escaping from the room to the outside in winter, and to collect heat entering the room from the outside in summer and discard it outside, thereby reducing the flow of heat in and out through the window and suppressing the heating and cooling load. The intermediate partition 3 has a translucent screen section 7 and a light-shielding screen section 8 that has better insulating properties than the translucent screen section 7, and the area ratio between the translucent screen section 7 and the light-shielding screen section 8 can be freely changed. For example, the area of the translucent screen section 7 can be increased during the day in winter to increase the amount of solar heat gained, and the area of the light-shielding screen section 8 can be increased during the night in winter to improve insulating performance, thereby further reducing the heating load.

This fitting (embodiments 5 to 7) also comprises an outer partition 1, an inner partition 2, and a flow straightener 9, and has an outdoor ventilation section 5 that connects from the outdoor space to the intermediate layer 4 between the outer partition 1 and the inner partition 2, and an indoor ventilation section 6 that connects from the indoor space to the intermediate layer 4. The flow straightener 9 is provided in the intermediate layer 4, and air flows in one direction along the inner surface of the outer partition 1, turns around near the end of the intermediate layer 4, and flows in the other direction along the outer surface of the inner partition 2, or air flows in one direction along the outer surface of the inner partition 2, turns around near the end of the intermediate layer 4, and flows in the other direction along the inner surface of the outer partition 1. This makes it possible to collect heat escaping from the room to the outside in winter, and to collect heat entering the room from the outside in summer and discard it outside, thereby reducing the flow of heat in and out through the window and suppressing the heating and cooling load. The inner partition 2 has a translucent screen portion 7 and a light-shielding screen portion 8 that has higher heat insulation than the translucent screen portion 7, and the area ratio between the translucent screen portion 7 and the light-shielding screen portion 8 can be freely changed. For example, the area of the translucent screen portion 7 can be increased during the day in winter to increase the amount of solar heat gained, and the area of the light-shielding screen portion 8 can be increased during the night in winter to improve heat insulation performance, thereby further reducing the heating load. Since an inner window is not required, costs can be reduced.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment. The outer partition and the inner partition are not limited to sliding windows, but may be any type of window, such as a pivot window, a sliding window, or a fixed window. The frames of the outer partition and the inner partition may be formed as one unit.
In the claims, "folding back near the end of the intermediate layer" includes, for example, when the frame of the outer partition body and the frame of the inner partition body are formed integrally, folding back either on the inner side of the frame or through the inside of the frame.
The outdoor ventilation section that connects the outdoor space to the middle layer, and the indoor ventilation section that connects the middle layer to the indoor space may be formed anywhere, for example, they may be provided in the vertical frame or lower frame, or the gap between the upper frame and the upper frame may be used as the ventilation section through which air flows in and out.
The outer partition may be anything that separates the outdoor space from the intermediate layer, and may be a glass sash, a shutter, a rain shutter, a roller screen, etc. The inner partition may be anything that separates the intermediate layer from the indoor space, and may be a glass sash, a curtain, a roller screen, a Japanese-style paper screen, etc.
The flow regulator must be capable of preventing the air flow from being impeded due to the collision of descending air and ascending air in the intermediate layer between the outer partition and the inner partition, and must be capable of forming a detouring air flow along the inner surface of the outer partition and the outer surface of the inner partition; its specific shape and material are not important.
The fittings of the present invention may be ones in which the air flows only from outside to inside, only from inside to outside, or ones in which the air flow direction can be changed depending on the season (i.e., air flows from outside to inside in winter and from inside to outside in summer).
The fixture of the present invention may be an existing window (outer partition) with an intermediate partition or a flow regulator and an inner partition later installed on the indoor side.

REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 Outer partition 2 Inner partition 3 Intermediate partition 4 Intermediate layer 5 Outdoor exterior ventilation section 6 Indoor interior ventilation section 7 Light-transmitting screen section 8 Light-shielding screen section 9 Flow regulator

Claims (1)

A fitting comprising an outer partition, an inner partition, and a flow regulator, an outdoor ventilation section that connects from the outdoor space to the intermediate layer between the outer partition and the inner partition, and an indoor ventilation section that connects from the indoor space to the intermediate layer, the flow regulator is provided in the intermediate layer, the inner partition has a light-transmitting screen section and a light-shielding screen section that has higher thermal insulation properties than the light-transmitting screen section, the area ratio of the light-transmitting screen section and the light-shielding screen section can be freely changed, and the air flows in one direction along the inner surface of the outer partition, turns around near the end of the intermediate layer, and flows in the other direction along the outer surface of the inner partition, or the air flows in one direction along the outer surface of the inner partition, turns around near the end of the intermediate layer, and flows in the other direction along the inner surface of the outer partition.

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