JP7460094B2 - 子宮頸がんの治療方法 - Google Patents
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Description
別途表示されない限り、または文脈から暗示されない限り、下記の用語および語句は、以下に提供された意味を含む。明示的に別途表示されないか、または文脈からあらわれない限り、下記の用語および語句は、それが属する技術分野において獲得した意味を排除しない。本願に提供された態様の範疇が請求範囲のみによって限定されるので、定義は、特定具現例を記述する目的で提供され、本願に提供された態様を制限しようとする意図ではない。別途定義されない限り、本願において使用されたすべての技術的および科学的用語は、本願に提供された態様の属する技術分野における通常の知識を有する者によって一般的に理解されるような意味を有する。
GX-188の組成物は、注射によって非経口で、例えば、皮下に、皮内に、皮膚内に、皮膚下にまたは筋肉内に投与されうる。本願において使用される用語「GX-188組成物」、「GX-188の組成物」、「GX-188剤形」および「GX-188含有剤形」は、配列番号9または15の配列を含むポリヌクレオチド 構成物または配列番号9または配列番号15に対して約85%以上、約86%以上、約87%以上、約88%以上、約89%以上、約89%以上、約90%以上、約91%以上、約92%以上、約93%以上、約94%以上、約95%以上、約96%以上、約97%以上、約98%以上、または約99%以上の配列同一性を有するそれの変異体を含む組成物または剤形を示す。
GX-188Eおよび抗PD1抗体を使用した併用療法の子宮頸がんに及ぼす抗腫瘍効能を動物モデルで評価した。HPV類型16のE7を発現するように形質転換されたC57BL/6マウス肺上皮細胞からの細胞株であるTC-1細胞をGX-188効能評価用動物モデルの生産のための細胞株として選択した。
GX-188E(配列番号15)は、HPV16/18 E6/E7をコード化するHPV治療DNAワクチンである。12人の前がん患者をGX-188Eで免疫化し、I相の9人の患者のうち7人およびII相の52人の患者のうち35人がワクチン接種後36週内に子宮頸部病変の退行を示した。臨床的利益は、GX-188Eワクチン接種による向上したHPV特異的IFN-γ反応と関連があった。前がん患者における概念の臨床的証明を勘案して、本発明者らは、子宮頸がん患者で、GX-188Eワクチン接種がHPV特異的T細胞の頻度を増加させることによってチェックポイント阻害剤に対する臨床応答者の割合を増加させると推測した。
研究は、前向き、非盲検、II相研究であった。プロトコルは、各研究サイトで機関監査委員会または倫理委員会によって承認を受け、各患者から書面同意書を受けた。研究をヘルシンキ宣言およびすべての適用される法律によって行った。
GX-188Eを三角筋または外側広筋のうちいずれか1つに筋肉内に2mgを投与した後、直ちに1、2、4、7、13、および19週目に共局在電気穿孔(TriGrid Delivery System,Ichor medical systems,Inc.)を行って、46週目に1つの選択的用量を投与した。ペムブロリズマブを標準臨床および機関慣行に基づいて、すべての過程および評価が完了した後、それぞれ3週治療周期の1日目に静脈内注入を使用して投与した。
患者を略9週ごとに反応に対して放射線学的に評価した(RECIST v1.1およびiRECISTの両方によって)、研究用生成物の安全性を、実験室テスト結果および身体検査結果を記録し、報告し、分析することによって評価し、それは、患者の基底疾患、有害反応、および活力兆候を考慮した。患者が経験した有害事象(AE)、例えば、薬物毒性を包括的に評価した。研究者らは、米国国立がん研究所による有害事象に対する共通用語基準(CTCAE v4.03)に基づいてAEの重症度を評価した。
少なくとも1つの用量の研究用治療を受けたすべての患者を安全性集団に含ませ、安全性プロファイルについて分析した。AEをMedDRA有害事象辞書によってコード化した。結果を表で作成し、それらの頻度、影響を受けた臓器システム、および研究治療との関係を調査した。最良総合反応率を含む効能結果を技術統計を使用して分析した。客観的反応をRECIST v1.1および免疫治療剤に対する固形腫瘍反応評価基準(iRECIST)によって評価した。客観的反応(PRまたはCR)、安定疾患(SD)、および疾患進行(PD)のすべての測定に対して確証スキャンを獲得した。
54人の患者を登録させ、48人の患者を安全性について評価した(図3)。45日の治療を受けない3人の患者は、プロトコルによるGX-188Eワクチン接種に対する反応評価に対して不適格であると見なした。したがって、48人の患者を治療効能について評価した。GX-188Eおよびペムブロリズマブ組み合わせを受けた患者の基準線特徴を図4に示し、組織学およびHPV類型を除いて、以前に報告されたペムブロリズマブ単一療法で治療されたものと類似していた。
TRAE:治療関連有害事象;
BOR:最良総合反応;
DOR:反応期間;
CR:完全反応;
PR:部分反応;
SD:安定疾患;
PD:進行性疾患;
NE:評価不可能;
DCR:疾患制御率;
PD-L1:プログラム死リガンド1;
SCC:扁平上皮細胞がん;および
AC:腺がん。
臨床研究結果は、ペムブロリズマブと組み合わせたHPVワクチン接種が再発性/進行性、手術不可能な、転移性子宮頸がん患者で効果的な抗腫瘍反応を誘導したことを示した。臨床利益は有望であった(全体患者で33.3%BORR、PD-L1陽性患者で41.7%BORR)。本発明者らの知っている限り、これは、再発性/進行性子宮頸がん患者に対してがんワクチンとチェックポイント阻害剤を使用する併用療法に対する最初の報告である。腫瘍抗原特異的T細胞ががんワクチンによって誘導された後に、それは、腫瘍組織に移動し、浸潤して、冷たい腫瘍を熱い腫瘍に(cold to hot tumor)転換させる。腫瘍浸潤リンパ球(TIL)は、IFN-γを分泌し、それは、免疫攻撃に対する適応抵抗メカニズムとして、腫瘍細胞からPD-L1の発現を誘導する。チェックポイント阻害剤が消耗したTILの腫瘍細胞溶解性機能を活性化することによって抗腫瘍反応を誘導するので、腫瘍特異的TILの存在は、チェックポイント阻害剤に対する抗腫瘍反応の先行条件である。チェックポイント阻害剤に対する相対的に乏しい臨床反応とのTILおよびPD-L1陰性性の不在の相関関係によって証明された通り、PD-L1陰性性を有する非免疫原性の冷たい腫瘍は、TILおよびPD-L1発現を増加させるためにさらなる戦略を必要とすると示唆される。
特定の実施形態では、例えば以下の項目が提供される。
(項目1)
ヒト乳頭腫ウイルス(HPV)誘導がんを予防または治療するためのヒト乳頭腫ウイルス(HPV)ワクチンおよびチェックポイント阻害剤を含む製薬学的組成物。
(項目2)
HPVワクチンは、配列番号15のポリヌクレオチドまたは配列番号15に対して85%以上の配列同一性を有する機能性変異体を含むHPVワクチンを含む、項目1に記載の製薬学的組成物。
(項目3)
HPVワクチンの用量は、0.5mg~5mgである、項目2に記載の製薬学的組成物。
(項目4)
HPVワクチンは、筋肉内注射用である、項目2に記載の製薬学的組成物。
(項目5)
チェックポイント阻害剤は、プログラム死(PD)-1/PD-L1阻害剤である、項目1に記載の製薬学的組成物。
(項目6)
チェックポイント阻害剤は、抗PD-1抗体または抗PD-1L抗体である、項目1に記載の製薬学的組成物。
(項目7)
チェックポイント阻害剤は、ペムブロリズマブ、ニボルマブ、アテゾリズマブ、アベルマブ、デュルバルマブ、セミプリマブ、およびそれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される、項目1に記載の製薬学的組成物。
(項目8)
チェックポイント阻害剤の用量は、50mg~500mgである、項目5に記載の製薬学的組成物。
(項目9)
チェックポイント阻害剤は、静脈内注射用である、項目5に記載の製薬学的組成物。
(項目10)
HPVワクチンおよびチェックポイント阻害剤は、複数回投与される、項目1に記載の製薬学的組成物。
(項目11)
HPVワクチンおよびチェックポイント阻害剤は、同時に、別々に、または順次に投与される、項目1に記載の製薬学的組成物。
(項目12)
HPVワクチンは、1、2、4、7、13、および19週目に、およびさらに選択的に46週目に投与される、項目1に記載の製薬学的組成物。
(項目13)
チェックポイント阻害剤は、3週間隔で投与される、項目1に記載の製薬学的組成物。
(項目14)
HPV誘導がんは、子宮頸がんである、項目1に記載の製薬学的組成物。
(項目15)
子宮頸がんは、扁平上皮細胞がんまたは腺がんである、項目14に記載の製薬学的組成物。
(項目16)
HPV誘導がんは、転移性、再発性、または進行性がんであり、対象体は、抗がん治療を受けたことがあるか、受けている、項目1に記載の製薬学的組成物。
(項目17)
HPVは、HPV16、HPV18、またはそれらの組み合わせである、項目1に記
載の製薬学的組成物。
(項目18)
HPV誘導がんを予防または治療するための対象体は、PD-L1陽性またはPD-L1陰性である、項目1に記載の製薬学的組成物。
(項目19)
HPVは、HPV16であり;HPV誘導がんを予防または治療するための対象体は、PD-L1陽性である、項目1に記載の製薬学的組成物。
(項目20)
HPV誘導がんは、扁平上皮細胞がんである子宮頸がんであり;HPVは、HPV16であり;および/またはHPV誘導がんを予防または治療するための対象体は、PD-L1陽性である、項目1に記載の製薬学的組成物。
(項目21)
ヒト乳頭腫ウイルス(HPV)誘導がんを予防または治療するための医薬の製造における(a)ヒト乳頭腫ウイルス(HPV)ワクチン;および(b)チェックポイント阻害剤を含む製薬学的組成物の用途。
Claims (17)
- 子宮頸がんを予防または治療するための製薬学的組成物であって、ヒト乳頭腫ウイルス(HPV)ワクチンおよびチェックポイント阻害剤を含み、
前記HPVワクチンは、配列番号15のポリヌクレオチドまたは配列番号15に対して95%以上の配列同一性を有する変異体を含むHPVワクチンを含み、
前記変異体が、細胞免疫反応を誘導し、
前記チェックポイント阻害剤が、抗PD-1抗体である、製薬学的組成物。 - 前記HPVワクチンの用量は、0.5mg~5mgである、請求項1に記載の製薬学的組成物。
- 前記HPVワクチンは、筋肉内注射用である、請求項1に記載の製薬学的組成物。
- 前記チェックポイント阻害剤は、ペムブロリズマブ、ニボルマブ、アテゾリズマブ、アベルマブ、デュルバルマブ、セミプリマブ、およびそれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される、請求項1に記載の製薬学的組成物。
- 前記HPVワクチンは、配列番号15のポリヌクレオチドまたは配列番号15に対して95%以上の配列同一性を有する変異体を含むHPVワクチンを含み、
前記変異体が、細胞免疫応答を誘導し、
前記チェックポイント阻害剤は、ペムブロリズマブである、請求項1に記載の製薬学的組成物。 - 前記チェックポイント阻害剤の用量は、50mg~500mgである、請求項1に記載の製薬学的組成物。
- 前記チェックポイント阻害剤は、静脈内注射用である、請求項1に記載の製薬学的組成物。
- 前記HPVワクチンおよび前記チェックポイント阻害剤は、複数回投与される、請求項1に記載の製薬学的組成物。
- 前記HPVワクチンおよび前記チェックポイント阻害剤は、同時に、別々に、または順次に投与される、請求項1に記載の製薬学的組成物。
- 前記HPVワクチンは、1、2、4、7、13、および19週目に、およびさらに選択的に46週目に投与される、請求項1に記載の製薬学的組成物。
- 前記チェックポイント阻害剤は、3週間隔で投与される、請求項1に記載の製薬学的組成物。
- 前記子宮頸がんは、扁平上皮細胞がんまたは腺がんである、請求項11に記載の製薬学的組成物。
- 前記子宮頸がんは、転移性、再発性、または進行性がんであり、前記子宮頸がんを予防または治療するための対象体は、抗がん治療を受けたことがあるか、受けている、請求項1に記載の製薬学的組成物。
- 前記HPVは、HPV16、HPV18、またはそれらの組み合わせである、請求項1に記載の製薬学的組成物。
- 前記子宮頸がんを予防または治療するための対象体は、PD-L1陽性またはPD-L1陰性である、請求項1に記載の製薬学的組成物。
- 前記HPVは、HPV16であり;前記子宮頸がんを予防または治療するための対象体は、PD-L1陽性である、請求項1に記載の製薬学的組成物。
- 前記子宮頸がんは、扁平上皮細胞がんである子宮頸がんであり;前記HPVは、HPV16であり;および/または前記子宮頸がんを予防または治療するための対象体は、PD-L1陽性である、請求項1に記載の製薬学的組成物。
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JP2023522989A (ja) | 2023-06-01 |
MX2022013063A (es) | 2022-12-08 |
EP4138900A1 (en) | 2023-03-01 |
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BR112022021284A2 (pt) | 2022-12-06 |
KR20220109444A (ko) | 2022-08-04 |
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ZA202211410B (en) | 2024-02-28 |
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