JP7458936B2 - Heat exchange devices, molds, reflecting mirrors, gas-liquid heat exchangers, finned heat transfer tubes, nozzles, and turbine blades - Google Patents

Description

The present disclosure relates to heat exchange devices, molds, reflecting mirrors, gas-liquid heat exchangers, finned heat transfer tubes, nozzles, and turbine blades.

Heat exchange devices such as heat pipes are used to cool the heating element. Heat exchange devices such as heat pipes are used in various fields because they have high heat transport efficiency and do not require power. For example, Patent Document 1 describes a structure in which a heat pipe is applied inside a fan outlet guide vane of a gas turbine engine.

Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2016-205379

Since heat exchange devices are thus applied to devices in various fields, there is a demand for higher heat exchange efficiency.

The present disclosure has been made to solve the above problems, and aims to provide a heat exchange device, a mold, a reflecting mirror, a gas-liquid heat exchanger, a finned heat transfer tube, a nozzle, and a turbine blade that can further improve heat exchange efficiency.

In order to solve the above problems, a heat exchange device according to the present disclosure is provided with a phase-changeable working medium sealed therein, and a first heat exchange surface and a second heat exchange surface capable of exchanging heat with the outside. a first wall wick made of a porous body and arranged to cover the inside of the first heat exchange surface; and a first wall wick made of a porous body and covering the inside of the second heat exchange surface. A second wall wick is arranged to cover the second wall wick, and a plurality of columnar members made of a porous body are arranged in a three-dimensional lattice shape and are arranged across the first wall wick and the second wall wick. and a lattice-shaped wick , the device body having a first exterior portion formed at a position closer to an object to be cooled or heated, and a first exterior portion formed at a position closer to the object than the first exterior portion. and a second exterior part disposed at a far position from the first exterior part and facing away from the first exterior part, and the first heat exchange surface is arranged at an inner side in the first exterior part. The second heat exchange surface is an inner surface facing inward in the second exterior part, and the first wall wick, the second wall wick, and the lattice wick are three-dimensionally laminated. They are made of the same material using a modeling method .

The mold according to the present disclosure includes a first mold, a second mold forming a molding space filled with a melted material between the first mold, and the first mold and the second mold. The heat exchange device as described above is disposed in at least one of the two molds and is capable of exchanging heat with the material in the molding space through the first heat exchange surface.

The reflecting mirror according to the present disclosure is a reflecting mirror capable of reflecting laser light, and includes a mirror portion to which the laser beam is irradiated, a main body portion supporting the mirror portion, and disposed inside the main body portion, A heat exchange device as described above is provided, which is capable of exchanging heat with the mirror portion through the first heat exchange surface.

The gas-liquid heat exchanger according to the present disclosure includes a first pipe through which gas flows, a second pipe arranged at a position away from the first pipe and through which liquid flows, and the first pipe and the second pipe. and the first heat exchange surface allows heat exchange with the gas in the first tube, and the second heat exchange surface allows heat exchange with the liquid in the second tube. A heat exchange device such as the one shown in FIG.

The finned heat exchanger tube according to the present disclosure includes a heat exchanger tube main body in which a fluid flows, a fin extending from an outer circumferential surface of the heat exchanger tube main body, and a second heat exchanger tube disposed on the fin and facing the first heat exchange surface. A heat exchange device as described above, wherein a second heat exchange surface is disposed close to the heat exchange tube body, and the second heat exchange surface allows heat exchange with the fluid inside the heat exchange tube body. .

The nozzle according to the present disclosure includes a nozzle portion through which a high-temperature fluid flows, a nozzle body portion in which a cooling pipe connected to the nozzle portion and through which a cooling medium flows, and the first heat exchange surface. a heat exchange device as described above, which is capable of exchanging heat with the fluid flowing inside the nozzle portion, and capable of exchanging heat with the cooling medium inside the cooling pipe by the second heat exchange surface; Equipped with.

A turbine blade according to the present disclosure includes a blade body having a blade surface capable of contacting a high-temperature fluid, a cooling pipe disposed inside the blade body through which a cooling medium flows, and a cooling pipe disposed in the blade body and having a cooling medium flowing therethrough. A heat exchange device as described above, wherein one heat exchange surface is capable of exchanging heat with the fluid in contact with the blade surface, and the second heat exchange surface is capable of exchanging heat with the cooling medium in the cooling pipe. Be prepared.

According to the heat exchange device, mold, reflective mirror, gas-liquid heat exchanger, finned heat exchanger tube, nozzle, and turbine blade of the present disclosure, heat exchange efficiency can be further improved.

1 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a heat exchange device according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 3 is an enlarged view showing a lattice-like wick of the heat exchange device. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of a heat exchange device according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure. It is a sectional view showing the composition of the heat exchange device concerning the first modification of the second embodiment of this indication. It is a sectional view showing the composition of the heat exchange device concerning the second modification of the second embodiment of this indication. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a first application example of a heat exchange device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a second application example of the heat exchange device according to the embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a third application example of the heat exchange device according to the embodiment of the present disclosure. It is a figure which shows the modification of the 3rd application example of the heat exchange device based on embodiment of this indication. FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating a fourth application example of a heat exchange device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating a fifth application example of a heat exchange device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a sixth application example of the heat exchange device according to the embodiment of the present disclosure.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings, forms for implementing a heat exchange device according to the present disclosure, a mold equipped with the same, a reflecting mirror, a gas-liquid heat exchanger, a finned heat exchanger tube, a nozzle, and a turbine blade will be described. explain. However, the present disclosure is not limited only to these embodiments.

<First embodiment>
(Configuration of heat exchange device)
As shown in FIG. 1, the heat exchange device 1A mainly includes a device main body 10A, a wall wick 20A, and a lattice wick 30A. The heat exchange device 1A is arranged so that at least a portion of its outer peripheral surface faces the object P. Here, the object P is an object to be cooled or heated by the heat exchange device 1A. The objects P are, for example, fluids such as various gases and liquids, and members constituting various devices and devices that will be exemplified later as application examples. The heat exchange device 1A cools or heats the object P by exchanging heat between the object P and the working medium 4 sealed inside the device main body 10A.

(Device body configuration)
The device main body 10A has a hollow structure defining an internal space S in which a working medium 4 such as water is sealed. The device main body 10A is made of a metal material with high thermal conductivity, such as copper. In the present embodiment, the device main body 10A includes, for example, a first exterior portion 11 formed at a position close to the object P, a second exterior portion 12 located at a position far from the object P, have. The first exterior part 11 and the second exterior part 12 are arranged so as to be separated from each other and face each other. In this embodiment, an internal space S is formed between the first exterior part 11 and the second exterior part 12. The first exterior portion 11 is formed with a convex portion 11t that protrudes toward the object P. A concave portion 12s that is depressed toward the object P is formed in the second exterior portion 12. A cooling pipe 15 is arranged outside the second exterior part 12 in the device main body 10A. The cooling pipe 15 is of a reciprocating jet type and jets a cooling medium 5 such as water or oil at a lower temperature than the working medium 4 in the device main body 10A and the object P into the recess 12s. The cooling medium 5 ejected from the cooling pipe 15 is injected onto the outward facing surface of the second exterior portion 12 .

The device main body 10A has a first heat exchange surface 13A and a second heat exchange surface 14A inside thereof. The first heat exchange surface 13A is an inner surface of the first exterior portion 11 facing inward of the device main body 10A. The second heat exchange surface 14A is an inner surface of the second exterior portion 12 that faces inside the device main body 10A. The first heat exchange surface 13A is a smooth surface capable of exchanging heat with an external object P. The second heat exchange surface 14A is a smooth surface capable of exchanging heat with the cooling medium 5.

(Wall wick configuration)
The wall wick 20A is formed to cover the entire inner surface of the device body 10A. The wall wick 20A has a first wall wick 21A and a second wall wick 22A. The first wall wick 21A is arranged to cover the inside of the first heat exchange surface 13A. The first wall wick 21A is formed in a shape corresponding to the shape of the first heat exchange surface 13A and covers the first heat exchange surface 13A without any gaps. The second wall wick 22A is arranged to cover the inside of the second heat exchange surface 14A. The second wall wick 22A is formed in a shape corresponding to the shape of the second heat exchange surface 14A and covers the second heat exchange surface 14A without any gaps. The first wall wick 21A and the second wall wick 22A are each made of a metal porous body. A porous body is a member in which a plurality of fine voids are formed. When the working medium 4 is in a liquid state, it is possible for the working medium 4 to move within the porous body by capillary action using the voids. In this embodiment, the first wall wick 21A and the second wall wick 22A are formed of the same material by a three-dimensional additive manufacturing method. When the first wall wick 21A and the second wall wick 22A are formed by the three-dimensional additive manufacturing method, the arrangement of the molten particles can be adjusted in the process of melting and solidifying the metal powder, thereby making it possible to relatively easily make the pores porous with the size of the pores adjusted.

(Structure of lattice wick)
The lattice wick 30A is arranged across the first wall wick 21A and the second wall wick 22A within the device main body 10A. The lattice wick 30A is disposed within the device body 10A between the first wall wick 21A and the second wall wick 22A, and directly connects the first wall wick 21A and the second wall wick 22A. The lattice wick 30A is arranged to fill the entire internal space S within the device main body 10A defined between the first wall wick 21A and the second wall wick 22A.

As shown in FIG. 2, the lattice-like wick 30A is formed by arranging a plurality of columnar members 31 in a three-dimensional lattice shape. The columnar member 31 is made of a porous metal body. Each columnar member 31 extends linearly. The lattice-like wick 30A may be a regular three-dimensional lattice in which the direction and length of each columnar member 31 are specified, or an irregular three-dimensional wick in which the direction and length of each columnar member 31 are variously different. It may be originally in the form of a lattice. In the lattice-like wick 30A, a plurality of columnar members 31 are joined to each other at their intersections. As a result, the plurality of columnar members 31 are arranged in a three-dimensional lattice shape with gaps 32 between which gas can flow. Such a lattice-like wick 30A is formed by, for example, a three-dimensional additive manufacturing method using a 3D printer or the like. The lattice wick 30A of this embodiment is made of the same material as the first wall wick 21A and the second wall wick 22A.

(Action by heat exchange device)
As shown in FIG. 1, in this heat exchange device 1A, for example, a temperature higher than the working medium 4 is placed on the outside of the portion (first exterior portion 11) where the first heat exchange surface 13A of the device body 10A is arranged. When there is an object P, heat exchange with the external object P is performed on the first heat exchange surface 13A. In other words, the vicinity of the first heat exchange surface 13A becomes the evaporation section. The object P is cooled by heat exchange on the first heat exchange surface 13A. Through this heat exchange, heat is conducted from the object P and the first heat exchange surface 13A is heated. Due to the temperature rise of the first heat exchange surface 13A, the working medium 4 in the first wall wick 21A arranged to cover the inside of the first heat exchange surface 13A changes from a liquid phase to a gas phase, and steam 4S generated. The generated steam 4S flows from the first wall wick 21A toward the second wall wick 22A due to the vapor pressure difference within the device body 10A. At this time, the steam 4S quickly flows through the gaps 32 formed between the grids of the grid-like wick 30A.

A cooling medium 5 having a lower temperature than the working medium 4 exists outside the portion (second exterior portion 12) where the second heat exchange surface 14A is arranged. In other words, the vicinity of the second heat exchange surface 14A becomes a condensation section. Therefore, when the steam 4S reaches the vicinity of the second wall wick 22A, the working medium 4 (steam 4S) changes from the gas phase to the liquid phase by exchanging heat with the external cooling medium 5 on the second heat exchange surface 14A. The phase changes to The working medium 4 that has changed into a liquid phase is transmitted (absorbed) into the second wall wick 22A and the grid-like wick 30A in the vicinity of the second wall wick 22A by capillary action. The absorbed working medium 4 travels along the grid-like wick 30A and moves from the second wall wick 22A toward the first wall wick 21A due to capillary action.

(effect)
According to the above-described configuration, the lattice-like wick 30A is formed by arranging a plurality of columnar members 31 made of a porous material in a three-dimensional lattice shape. Therefore, gaps 32 (see FIG. 2) through which the steam 4S can pass are formed between the plurality of columnar members 31 (interstitial spaces). Therefore, the generated steam 4S quickly flows to the second wall wick 22A through the gaps 32 formed between the lattices of the lattice wick 30A. Thereby, the amount of movement (flow rate) of the steam 4S between the first wall wick 21A and the second wall wick 22A can be ensured. In addition, the amount of movement (flow rate) of the liquid phase working medium 4 between the second wall wick 22A and the first wall wick 21A is achieved by utilizing capillary phenomenon by the lattice-like wick 30A formed of a porous material. can be ensured. As a result, it becomes possible to increase the heat exchange efficiency in the heat exchange device 1A. In this way, the working medium 4 whose phase has changed due to heat exchange between the first heat exchange surface 13A and the second heat exchange surface 14A quickly moves through the lattice wick 30A.

In addition, in the heat exchange device 1A, the first wall wick 21A and the second wall wick 22A are formed of a porous body by a three-dimensional additive manufacturing method. Therefore, the first wall wick 21A and the second wall wick 22A can be easily formed to match the shapes of the first exterior part 11 and the second exterior part 12. Furthermore, since the lattice wick 30A is formed in a three-dimensional lattice shape from a porous body by a three-dimensional additive manufacturing method, the lattice wick 30A can be easily created to match the shape of the internal space S, which is the space between the first wall wick 21A and the second wall wick 22A. Therefore, regardless of the shape of the device main body 10A, the internal space S in the device main body 10A can be easily filled with the lattice wick 30A. In a general heat pipe, the shape of the wick placed inside is limited, so that the shape that can be formed may be limited. However, by forming the wick from a porous body by a three-dimensional additive manufacturing method, the heat exchange device 1A can be formed in any shape, including a complex shape.

In addition, the working medium 4 that has undergone a phase change due to heat exchange moves in various directions through the plurality of columnar members 31 themselves that constitute the lattice wick 30A and the gaps 32 between the plurality of columnar members 31. Specifically, when a high-temperature spot occurs in the heat exchange device 1A, the amount of evaporation of the working medium 4 at that spot increases. For example, when the first heat exchange surface 13A becomes hot, the amount of evaporation of the working medium 4 near the first heat exchange surface 13A increases. As a result, the amount of heat absorbed by the first heat exchange surface 13A increases, and the cooling of the first heat exchange surface 13A that has become hot is promoted. By promoting the cooling of the first heat exchange surface 13A, the temperature is uniformized as a whole in the heat exchange device 1A. At this time, the working medium 4 in the gas phase that has become steam 4S due to the phase change caused by heat exchange moves quickly from the high-temperature spot through the gaps 32, so that the high-temperature spot is efficiently uniformized in temperature. In addition, even if the generated steam 4S moves, the liquid-phase working medium 4 is sequentially supplied by capillary action through the columnar members 31 themselves, which are porous bodies. In high-temperature areas, the amount of working medium 4 in liquid phase decreases as the amount of working medium 4 evaporates increases. However, because the liquid-phase working medium 4 can be supplied through the columnar members 31, it is possible to prevent the amount of working medium 4 held in the high-temperature areas from decreasing excessively. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the working medium 4 from running out in the high-temperature areas.

Moreover, the grid-like wick 30A is arranged so as to fill the entire internal space S defined between the first wall wick 21A and the second wall wick 22A. Thereby, the working medium 4 in the gas phase or liquid phase moves more efficiently between the first wall wick 21A and the second wall wick 22A. Therefore, when the temperature becomes low or high at any position of the first wall wick 21A and the second wall wick 22A, the working medium 4 in the gas phase or liquid phase quickly spreads to that position, and heat exchange is performed. It will be done. In other words, heat exchange is quickly performed, and a location in the device main body 10A that has become low or high temperature can be quickly heated or cooled. Thereby, the temperature of the heat exchange device 1A is equalized.

Further, the heat exchange device 1A can not only cool the object P but also heat the object P. In such a case, the heat exchange device 1A uses a heating medium having a higher temperature than the object P instead of the cooling medium 5 on the outside of the part of the device main body 10A where the second heat exchange surface 14A is arranged. Inject. Thereby, heat exchange with the outside is performed on the second heat exchange surface 14A, and the phase of the working medium 4 changes from the liquid phase to the gas phase. The working medium 4 (steam 4S) that has changed into a gas phase moves from the second wall wick 22A to the first wall wick 21A through the gaps 32 of the grid wick 30A. In the first wall wick 21A, the working medium 4 undergoes a phase change from a gas phase to a liquid phase by heat exchange with the outside at the first heat exchange surface 13A. The external object P is heated by the heat exchange on the first heat exchange surface 13A. Also in this case, the gas phase (steam 4S) and liquid phase working medium 4 are efficiently moved by the grid-like wick 30A. As a result, the heat exchange device 1A can heat uniformly and rapidly to equalize the temperature.

In addition, the porous body forming the first wall wick 21A and the second wall wick 22A may be, for example, a wire mesh or a sintered metal. In addition, the first wall wick 21A and the second wall wick 22A may be formed by arranging multiple columnar members 31 in a three-dimensional lattice shape by a three-dimensional additive manufacturing method, similar to the lattice wick 30A. In other words, the first wall wick 21A and the second wall wick 22A may be a porous body having a different shape from the lattice wick 30A, or may be a porous body having the same shape.

Moreover, the grid-like wick 30A is not limited to a structure in which it is directly connected to the first wall wick 21A and the second wall wick 22A. The lattice wick 30A only needs to extend to the vicinity of the first wall wick 21A and the second wall wick 22A. Therefore, the grid-like wick 30A may be formed with a minute gap between the first wall wick 21A and the second wall wick 22A, and may be indirectly connected to the first wall wick 21A and the second wall wick 22A through other wicks. You can leave it there.

Furthermore, the grid-like wick 30A is not limited to being arranged so as to fill the entire interior space S between the first wall wick 21A and the second wall wick 22A. For example, the lattice-like wick 30A may have a structure in which the first wall wick 21A and the second wall wick 22A are connected to each other with a space between them, forming a columnar shape like a bridge in the internal space S.

In the first embodiment, the first heat exchange surface 13A of the heat exchange device 1A is formed in a convex shape, and the second heat exchange surface 14A is formed by a concave portion 12s, but the shape is not limited to this. The first heat exchange surface 13A and the second heat exchange surface 14A may be formed in any shape.

Second Embodiment
Next, a second embodiment of the heat exchange device according to the present disclosure will be described. In the second embodiment described below, components common to the first embodiment will be denoted by the same reference numerals in the drawings, and descriptions thereof will be omitted.

(Configuration of heat exchange device)
As shown in FIG. 3, the heat exchange device 1B of the second embodiment constitutes a heat pipe. The heat exchange device 1B mainly includes a device body 10B, a wall wick 20B, and a lattice wick 30B.

(Device body configuration)
The device main body 10B has a hollow structure defining an internal space S in which the working medium 4 is sealed. The device body 10B extends to connect the first end 1s and the second end 1t. The device main body 10B is formed in a hollow cylindrical shape extending from the first end 1s to the second end 1t, and both ends (the first end 1s and the second end 1t) in the stretching direction are closed. The device main body 10B may extend so as to linearly connect the first end 1s and the second end 1t, or may be curved as appropriate between the first end 1s and the second end 1t. , refraction, etc. The first end 1s of the device body 10B is arranged to face the object P. The second end lt of the device main body 10B is arranged at a position away from a position where it directly contacts the object P. Therefore, the second end part It of the device main body 10B may be arranged at a position facing the cooling medium, for example. The device body 10B is made of a metal material with high thermal conductivity, such as copper.

The device main body 10B has a first heat exchange surface 13B and a second heat exchange surface 14B inside thereof. The first heat exchange surface 13B is a surface facing inward of the device body 10B in a region including the first end 1s of the device body 10B. The first heat exchange surface 13B is capable of exchanging heat with the object P. The second heat exchange surface 14B is formed inside the device body 10B in a region including the second end 1t of the device body 10B. That is, the second heat exchange surface 14B is arranged at a position away from the first heat exchange surface 13B. The second heat exchange surface 14B is capable of exchanging heat with the cooling medium and the atmosphere at a position away from the object P.

(Wall wick configuration)
The wall wick 20B is formed to cover the entire inner surface of the device body 10B. The wall wick 20B includes a first wall wick 21B, a second wall wick 22B, and a third wall wick 23. The first wall wick 21B is arranged to cover the first heat exchange surface 13B from the inside. The second wall wick 22B is arranged to cover the second heat exchange surface 14B from the inside. The third wall wick 23 is arranged between the first heat exchange surface 13B and the second heat exchange surface 14B so as to cover the inner surface of the device body 10B from the inside. That is, the third wall wick 23 is arranged to connect the first wall wick 21B and the second wall wick 22B. The first wall wick 21B, the second wall wick 22B, and the third wall wick 23 are made of a metal porous body similarly to the first embodiment. The first wall wick 21B, the second wall wick 22B, and the third wall wick 23 are made of the same material by three-dimensional additive manufacturing.

(Structure of lattice wick)
The lattice-like wick 30B is arranged between the first wall wick 21B and the second wall wick 22B in the device main body 10B, and connects the first wall wick 21B and the second wall wick 22B. The lattice wick 30B is not connected to the third wall wick 23. The lattice wick 30B of the second embodiment includes a first lattice wick 33 and a second lattice wick 34.

The first lattice-like wick 33 has a first area A1 where the first wall wick 21B is arranged in the device body 10B and a second area A2 where the second wall wick 22B is arranged in the device body 10B. It extends like a knot. The first lattice-like wick 33 of this embodiment is arranged at the center of the device body 10B. The first lattice-like wick 33 extends linearly in a columnar manner in the direction connecting the first end 1s and the second end 1t of the device main body 10B.

Note that the first lattice wick 33 is not limited to a structure in which it is directly connected to the first wall wick 21B or the second wall wick 22B. If the first lattice wick 33 extends from the first area A1 to the second area A2, it has a structure in which it is only indirectly connected to the first wall wick 21B and the second wall wick 22B (first wall wick 21B or a structure in which it does not contact the second wall wick 22B).

The second lattice-like wick 34 is arranged independently in each of the first area A1 and the second area A2. The evaporation side second lattice wick 341 arranged in the first region A1 connects the first wall wick 21B and the first lattice wick 33. The condensation side second lattice wick 342 arranged in the second region A2 connects the second wall wick 22B and the first lattice wick 33. A plurality of second evaporation side lattice wicks 341 and a plurality of second condensation side lattice wicks 342 are each arranged. The number of the second lattice-like wicks 341 on the evaporation side and the second lattice-like wicks 342 on the condensation side may be the same, or one may be larger than the other. Each of the second lattice wicks 34 (evaporation side second lattice wick 341 and condensation side second lattice wick 342) has a cross-sectional area perpendicular to the stretching direction of the first lattice wick 33. smaller than the cross-sectional area. In other words, each second lattice-like wick 34 is formed into a thin and small branch shape with respect to the thick trunk-like first lattice-like wick 33.

The first lattice wick 33 and the second lattice wick 34 constituting the lattice wick 30B are each formed by a plurality of columnar members 31 arranged in a three-dimensional lattice shape, as shown in FIG. . The columnar member 31 is made of a metal porous body formed by a three-dimensional additive manufacturing method. Note that the first lattice-like wick 33 and the second lattice-like wick 34 may be porous bodies formed under the same conditions, or may be porous bodies formed under different conditions. That is, the first lattice-like wick 33 and the second lattice-like wick 34 may have different sizes and amounts of gaps 32 from each other. Furthermore, the first lattice-like wick 33 and the second lattice-like wick 34 may have the same or different porosity of their porous bodies, for example.

(Action by heat exchange device)
In this heat exchange device 1B, for example, a temperature higher than the working medium 4 is placed on the outside (around the first end 1s) of the portion (first region A1) where the first heat exchange surface 13B of the device body 10B is arranged. When there is an object P, heat exchange with the external object P is performed on the first heat exchange surface 13B. In other words, the first region A1 becomes the evaporation section. The object P is cooled by heat exchange on the first heat exchange surface 13B. Through the heat exchange, heat is conducted from the object P and the first heat exchange surface 13B is heated. Due to the temperature rise of the first heat exchange surface 13B, the working medium 4 in the first wall wick 21B arranged to cover the inside of the first heat exchange surface 13B changes from a liquid phase to a gas phase, and steam 4S generated. The generated steam 4S flows from the first wall wick 21B toward the second wall wick 22B due to the vapor pressure difference within the device body 10B. The steam 4S passes through the gaps 32 formed between the lattices of the evaporation side second lattice wick 341 and the first lattice wick 33, exits into the device main body 10B, and promptly flows toward the second wall wick 22B. It flows.

When the steam 4S reaches the part (second area A2) where the second wall wick 22B is arranged, heat exchange with the outside is performed on the second heat exchange surface 14B. In other words, the second region A2 becomes the condensation section. Due to this heat exchange, the working medium 4 (steam 4S) undergoes a phase change from a gas phase to a liquid phase in the second region A2. The working medium 4 that has changed into a liquid phase is transmitted (absorbed) into the second wall wick 22B, the first lattice wick 33 near the second wall wick 22B, and the second lattice wick 342 on the condensation side by capillary action. ). The absorbed working medium 4 is sent from the second wall wick 22B to the condensing side second lattice wick 342 to the first lattice wick 33 by capillary action, and from the second wall wick 22B to the first wall wick 21B. move towards.

(effect)
According to the above-described configuration, the first lattice-like wick 33 and the second lattice-like wick 34 are formed by arranging a plurality of columnar members 31 made of a porous material in a three-dimensional lattice shape. Therefore, similarly to the first embodiment, the amount of movement (flow rate) of the working medium 4 can be ensured between the first wall wick 21B and the second wall wick 22B. As a result, it becomes possible to increase the heat exchange efficiency in the heat exchange device 1B.

In addition, the lattice-like wick 30B includes a first lattice-like wick 33 extending to connect the first area A1 and the second area A2, a first wall wick 21B, a second wall wick 22B, and the first lattice-like wick 33. are connected. A second lattice-like wick 34 having a smaller cross-sectional area than the first lattice-like wick 33 is further included. The cross-sectional area of the first lattice-like wick 33 is larger than that of the second lattice-like wick 34. Therefore, the amount (flow rate) of the liquid phase working medium 4 that moves from the second wall wick 22B to the first wall wick 21B through the first lattice wick 33 can be increased. Thereby, it is possible to prevent the working medium 4 supplied to the first wall wick 21B from being depleted.

Furthermore, the first area A1 and the second area A2 are not filled with the first lattice-shaped wick 33, but a plurality of second lattice-shaped wicks 34 are formed. Therefore, spaces are formed between the plurality of second lattice-like wicks 34 in the first region A1 and the second region A2. This space allows the flow of the steam 4S to be ensured. Furthermore, in the area facing the third wall wick 23 between the first area A1 and the second area A2, nothing other than the first lattice-like wick 33 is formed, and a large space is formed. Thereby, it is possible to ensure a rapid flow of the gas phase working medium 4 between the first lattice-like wick 33 and the second wall surface wick 22B.

Note that the heat exchange device 1B can not only cool the object P but also heat the object P, similarly to the first embodiment.

(First modification of second embodiment)
In addition to the configuration of the grid-like wick 30B shown in the second embodiment, a buffer wick as shown below may be further provided. As shown in FIG. 4, the lattice wick 30C of the heat exchange device 1C is arranged across the first wall wick 21B and the second wall wick 22B within the device body 10B. The lattice wick 30C includes a first lattice wick 33, a second lattice wick 34, and a buffer wick 35.

The buffer wick 35 is arranged in the first area A1. The buffer wick 35 is connected to the end of the first lattice wick 33 in the first area A1. The buffer wick 35 connects the first lattice wick 33 and the second lattice wick 34 . In this embodiment, the buffer wick 35 is formed, for example, in a spherical shape. The buffer wick 35 has a larger cross-sectional area than the end portions of the first lattice-like wick 33 and the cross-sectional areas of the second lattice-like wick 34 perpendicular to the extending direction. As a result, a larger amount of the liquid phase working medium 4 that has moved from the second wall wick 22B through the first lattice wick 33 is retained in the buffer wick 35 than if it remained at the end of the first lattice wick 33. Therefore, the amount of working medium 4 supplied to the first wall wick 21B through the second lattice wick 34 can be increased by the buffer wick 35. As a result, depletion of the working medium 4 supplied to the first wall wick 21B can be more effectively suppressed.

The buffer wick 35 is not limited to being disposed only in the first region A1. The buffer wick 35 may be disposed in at least one of the first region A1 and the second region A2. In other words, the buffer wick 35 may be disposed only in the second region A2, or may be disposed in both the first region A1 and the second region A2.

(Second Modification of Second Embodiment)
The shape of the buffer wick is not limited to a single sphere. As shown in FIG. 5, the buffer wick 36 of the second modified example includes a spherical first buffer wick 361 and a ring-shaped second buffer wick 362. The first buffer wick 361 and the second buffer wick 362 are disposed in the middle of the branch-shaped second lattice wick 34. In this modified example, the first buffer wick 361 is connected to a plurality of second lattice wicks 34 connected to the first lattice wick 33. The second buffer wick 362 is connected to a plurality of second lattice wicks 34 connected to the first wall wick 21A. The first buffer wick 361 and the second buffer wick 362 have a cross-sectional area larger than the cross-sectional area perpendicular to the extension direction of the second lattice wick 34. The first buffer wick 361 and the second buffer wick 362 have a cross-sectional area larger than the cross-sectional area of the end of the first lattice wick 33 as a whole. Such a buffer wick 36 can also increase the amount of working medium 4 supplied to the first wall surface wick 21B.

The heat exchange devices 1A to 1D described above can be used in various applications as shown below. In each of the application examples below, the heat exchange device 1A shown in the first embodiment above will be used as an example, but the heat exchange devices 1B to 1D described above may be used instead of the heat exchange device 1A.

[First application example]
As shown in FIG. 6, the heat exchange device 1A is applied to a mold 50 used for die casting or resin molding. The mold 50 includes a first mold 51, a second mold 52, and a heat exchange device 1A. The second mold 52 and the first mold 51 form a molding space 53 in which the melted material 200 is filled. Examples of the material 200 include resin and metal.

The heat exchange device 1A is disposed in at least one of the first mold 51 and the second mold 52. In this application example, the heat exchange device 1A is disposed inside the second mold 52. The device body 10A of the heat exchange device 1A forms the mold surface (the surface forming the molding space 53) of the second mold 52. The first heat exchange surface 13A is disposed on the back side of the mold surface of the second mold 52. The first heat exchange surface 13A is capable of heat exchange with the high-temperature material 200 filled in the molding space 53 in the second mold 52. In addition, a cooling pipe 55 through which the cooling medium 5 is supplied is embedded in the second mold 52. The device body 10A covers the outer peripheral surface of the cooling pipe 55. The second heat exchange surface 14A is capable of heat exchange with the cooling medium 5 flowing in the cooling pipe 55. The lattice wick 30A is arranged across the first wall wick 21A arranged to cover the first heat exchange surface 13A and the second wall wick 22A arranged to cover the second heat exchange surface 14A. In other words, the lattice wick 30A is arranged to fill the space inside the second mold 52. In the first application example, the first wall wick 21A, the second wall wick 22A, and the lattice wick 30A are formed by arranging multiple columnar members 31 in a three-dimensional lattice pattern using the same material by a three-dimensional additive manufacturing method.

(effect)
In the mold 50 having the above configuration, by using the heat exchange device 1A, the second mold 52 can have a function like a heat sink having a complicated shape. As a result, when solidifying the melted material 200, heat exchange is performed with the material 200 (object P) on the first heat exchange surface 13A. This heat exchange allows the material 200 to cool uniformly and rapidly.

Specifically, due to the heat exchange on the first heat exchange surface 13A, the working medium 4 in the first wall wick 21A undergoes a phase change from a liquid phase to a gas phase, passes through the gaps in the lattice wick 30A, and enters the first wall wick 21A. It moves toward the two-walled wick 22A. The working medium 4 that has moved to the second wall wick 22A exchanges heat with the cooling medium 5 in the cooling pipe 55 on the second heat exchange surface 14A, changing its phase from a gas phase to a liquid phase. The phase-changed working medium 4 returns to the first wall wick 21A on the molding space 53 side through the grid-like wick 30A. Furthermore, it becomes possible to cool the mold 50 with higher heat exchange efficiency. As a result, the material 200 in the molding space 53 can be cooled uniformly and rapidly, and the structure of the solidified material 200 can be stabilized and seizure can be prevented. Moreover, since the material 200 can be efficiently cooled, the production efficiency of products can be increased.

In addition, the inside of the second mold 52 is not hollow, but is filled with the lattice wick 30A, ensuring the necessary strength of the mold.

[Second application example]
As shown in FIG. 7, the heat exchange device 1A is applied to a reflective mirror 60. The reflective mirror 60 is included in an optical device that uses the laser beam 300, such as a laser processing machine, for example. The reflecting mirror 60 is capable of reflecting the laser beam 300. The reflective mirror 60 includes a mirror section 61, a main body section 62, and a heat exchange device 1A. The mirror portion 61 is irradiated with laser light 300 . The main body part 62 supports the mirror part 61. The main body part 62 is fixed to the back side of the mirror part 61.

The heat exchange device 1A is arranged inside the main body part 62. The first heat exchange surface 13A of the heat exchange device 1A is arranged on the back side of the mirror section 61. The first heat exchange surface 13A is capable of exchanging heat with the mirror portion 61. A cooling pipe 65 to which the cooling medium 5 is supplied is embedded in the main body 62 . The second heat exchange surface 14A is arranged to cover the cooling pipe 65. The second heat exchange surface 14A is capable of exchanging heat with the cooling medium 5 flowing within the cooling pipe 65. The lattice wick 30A is arranged across a first wall wick 21A arranged to cover the first heat exchange surface 13A and a second wall wick 22A arranged to cover the second heat exchange surface 14A. . That is, the grid-like wick 30A is arranged so as to fill the space inside the main body part 62. In the second application example, the first wall wick 21A, the second wall wick 22A, and the lattice wick 30A are made of the same material by three-dimensional additive manufacturing, and the plurality of columnar members 31 are formed into a three-dimensional lattice. It is formed by arranging it in a shape.

(Action and Effect)
In the reflection mirror 60 having the above configuration, a function like a complex-shaped heat sink can be provided inside the main body 62. As a result, heat exchange occurs between the heated mirror 61 (object P) and the first heat exchange surface 13A by irradiation with the laser light 300. This allows the mirror 61 to be cooled uniformly and quickly. There is a risk of thermal deformation occurring due to local overheating in the mirror 61 irradiated with the laser light 300. If thermal deformation occurs in the mirror 61, the laser focus will shift, and the accuracy of the optical device using the laser light 300 will be greatly deteriorated. However, by using the heat exchange device 1A, it is possible to cool the mirror 61 with higher heat exchange efficiency. This makes it possible to suppress thermal deformation of the mirror 61 due to heat input from the laser light 300.

Further, as a structure for cooling the reflecting mirror 60, a structure is known in which a cooling flow path is formed inside the main body part 62 and high-pressure cooling water is injected to the back side of the mirror part 61 to cool it. When compared with such a structure that uses cooling water, in the structure that uses the heat exchange device 1A, the mirror portion 61 is not deformed by the cooling water. Therefore, the life of the reflecting mirror 60 can be improved.

[Third application example]
As shown in FIG. 8, the heat exchange device 1A is applied to a gas-liquid heat exchanger 70. The gas-liquid heat exchanger 70 includes a first pipe 71, a second pipe 72, and a heat exchange device 1A. Gas flows through the first pipe 71. The second pipe 72 is located at a position apart from the first pipe 71. A liquid flows through the second pipe 72 . The gas-liquid heat exchanger 70 exchanges heat between a first pipe 71 and a second pipe 72.

The heat exchange device 1A is arranged between the first tube 71 and the second tube 72. The first heat exchange surface 13A covers the first tube 71. The second heat exchange surface 14A covers the second tube 72. The first heat exchange surface 13A is capable of exchanging heat with the gas within the first pipe 71. The second heat exchange surface 14A is capable of exchanging heat with the liquid within the second pipe 72. The lattice wick 30A is arranged across a first wall wick 21A arranged to cover the first pipe 71 and a second wall wick 22A arranged so as to cover the second pipe 72. That is, the grid-like wick 30A is arranged so as to fill the space between the first pipe 71 and the second pipe 72. Further, in the third application example, the first wall wick 21A, the second wall wick 22A, and the lattice wick 30A are made of the same material by three-dimensional additive manufacturing, and the plurality of columnar members 31 are formed into a three-dimensional lattice. It is formed by arranging it in a shape.

(effect)
In the gas-liquid heat exchanger 70 having the above configuration, by using the heat exchange device 1A, a complex-shaped heat sink-like function can be provided between the first pipe 71 and the second pipe 72. . As a result, heat exchange occurs between the gas in the first tube 71 and the liquid in the second tube 72 via the grid-like wick 30A. Therefore, it becomes possible to perform heat exchange with higher heat exchange efficiency in the gas-liquid heat exchanger 70.

Further, by filling the gap between the first tube 71 and the second tube 72 with the grid-like wick 30A, the strength of the first tube 71 and the second tube 72 can be improved. Generally, in the first pipe 71 through which gas flows, the heat transfer coefficient tends to be lower than that in the second pipe 72 through which liquid flows, so the first pipe 71 is enlarged to ensure a heat transfer area. There is a need. However, the gas used in the gas-liquid heat exchanger 70 is often at high pressure. As a result, in the case of a shell-and-tube type gas-liquid heat exchanger, if fins are formed around the first tube 71 to secure a heat transfer area, it becomes necessary to prepare a pressure vessel. Put it away. Furthermore, in the case of a plate-fin type gas-liquid heat exchanger, the size of the device may increase because it has a structure that can withstand high pressure. However, by improving the strength of the first tube 71 and the second tube 72 using the lattice wick 30A, the heat transfer area ratio of the first tube 71 and the second tube 72 can be freely changed, but the overall It is possible to suppress the size and ensure pressure resistance.

In addition, since the first pipe 71 and the second pipe 72 are covered with the grid-like wick 30A, even if the first pipe 71 or the second pipe 72 is damaged, gas or fluid will not flow into the gas-liquid heat exchanger 70. It is possible to prevent them from leaking outside or coming into contact with each other.

Note that, as shown in FIG. 9, the first pipe 71 and the second pipe 72 are not limited to being arranged parallel to each other. For example, the second tube 72 may be arranged around the first tube 71 so as to spirally wrap around the first tube 71. In this case, the grid-like wick 30A is arranged between the first pipe 71 and the second pipe 72 by being arranged so as to cover the entire first pipe 71 and the second pipe 72.

[Fourth application example]
As shown in FIG. 10, the heat exchange device 1A is applied to a finned heat exchanger tube 80. The finned heat exchanger tube 80 includes a heat exchanger tube main body 81, fins 82, and a heat exchange device 1A. A fluid flows inside the heat exchanger tube main body 81 . The fins 82 extend radially outward from the outer peripheral surface of the heat exchanger tube main body 81.

The heat exchange device 1A is arranged on the fin 82. The fins 82 have a hollow structure. A heat exchange device 1A is arranged inside the fin 82. The first heat exchange surface 13A is formed on the outer peripheral end side of the fin 82. The second heat exchange surface 14A is arranged in the fin 82 at a position close to the heat exchanger tube main body 81. The first heat exchange surface 13A is capable of exchanging heat with the fluid outside the fins 82. The second heat exchange surface 14A is capable of exchanging heat with the fluid inside the heat exchanger tube body 81. The lattice wick 30A is arranged across a first wall wick 21A arranged to cover the first heat exchange surface 13A and a second wall wick 22A arranged to cover the second heat exchange surface 14A. . That is, the grid-like wick 30A is arranged so as to fill the inside of the fin 82 having a hollow structure. In addition, in the fourth application example, the first wall wick 21A, the second wall wick 22A, and the lattice wick 30A are made of the same material by three-dimensional additive manufacturing, and the plurality of columnar members 31 are formed into a three-dimensional lattice. It is formed by arranging it in a shape.

(Action and Effect)
In the finned heat transfer tube 80 configured as described above, by using the heat exchange device 1A, it is possible to provide the inside of the fins 82 with a function similar to a complexly shaped heat sink. As a result, heat is exchanged between the fins 82 and the heat transfer tube body 81 via the lattice-shaped wick 30A. Therefore, the finned heat transfer tube 80 can exchange heat with higher heat exchange efficiency.

In addition, in the finned heat transfer tube 80, the further away from the heat transfer tube body 81 and closer to the tip of the fin 82, the greater the temperature difference with the fluid inside the heat transfer tube body 81, and the less effective the fin 82 is in increasing the heat transfer area. However, by disposing the lattice wick 30A inside the fin 82, the temperature of the fin 82 as a whole is made uniform. As a result, the temperature difference between the tip and base of the fin 82 is reduced, and efficiency can be improved. Furthermore, by being filled with the lattice wick 30A, the strength of the fin 82 is improved. As a result, the height of the fin 82 can be increased, and the heat transfer area can be further increased.

[Fifth application example]
As shown in FIG. 11, the heat exchange device 1A is applied to a nozzle 90. The nozzle 90 injects, for example, fuel such as gasoline or diesel oil, or high-temperature fluid such as burner gas. The nozzle 90 includes a nozzle section 91, a nozzle main body section 92, and a heat exchange device 1A. A high temperature fluid flows through the nozzle portion 91 . The nozzle portion 91 spouts fluid from a nozzle tip 93 at the tip. The nozzle body portion 92 is connected to the base end portion of the nozzle portion 91 . A cooling pipe 95 through which the cooling medium 5 flows is arranged inside the nozzle body 92 .

The first heat exchange surface 13A of the heat exchange device 1A is formed inside the nozzle tip 93 at the tip of the nozzle portion 91. The first heat exchange surface 13A is capable of exchanging heat with the high temperature fluid ejected from the nozzle tip 93. The second heat exchange surface 14A covers the cooling pipe 95. The second heat exchange surface 14A is capable of exchanging heat with the cooling medium 5 in the cooling pipe 95. The lattice wick 30A is arranged across a first wall wick 21A arranged to cover the first heat exchange surface 13A and a second wall wick 22A arranged to cover the second heat exchange surface 14A. . That is, the grid-like wick 30A is arranged so as to fill the space inside the nozzle part 91. In addition, in the fifth application example, the first wall wick 21A, the second wall wick 22A, and the lattice wick 30A are made of the same material by three-dimensional additive manufacturing, and the plurality of columnar members 31 are formed into a three-dimensional lattice. It is formed by arranging it in a shape.

(effect)
In the nozzle 90 having the above configuration, the inside of the nozzle portion 91 can have a function like a heat sink having a complicated shape. As a result, heat is exchanged between the nozzle tip 93 and the cooling medium 5 in the cooling pipe 95 via the grid-like wick 30A. Therefore, it becomes possible to cool the nozzle 90 with higher heat exchange efficiency.

In general, the higher the temperature of the fluid being sprayed from the nozzle 90, the more important it is to prevent deterioration of spray performance due to thermal deformation of the nozzle tip 93. However, in the structure of the fifth application example, the lattice wick 30A makes it possible to cool the nozzle 90 with higher heat exchange efficiency without forming a complex cooling flow path inside the nozzle part 91. In addition, by making the cooling medium 5 in the cooling pipe 95 the fluid sprayed by the nozzle 90, it is also possible to preheat the fluid to be sprayed while cooling the nozzle 90.

[Sixth application example]
As shown in FIG. 12, the heat exchange device 1A is applied to a turbine blade 100. The turbine blade 100 is arranged in, for example, a gas turbine or a steam turbine. The turbine blade 100 includes a blade body 101, a cooling pipe 105, and a heat exchange device 1A. The blade body 101 has a blade surface 102 that comes into contact with a high-temperature fluid such as combustion gas or steam. The cooling pipe 105 is arranged near the base end inside the wing body 101 . The cooling medium 5 flows through the cooling pipe 105 .

The first heat exchange surface 13A of the heat exchange device 1A is formed inside the blade body 101 so as to be parallel to the blade surface 102. The first heat exchange surface 13A is capable of exchanging heat with the high temperature fluid that contacts the blade surface 102. The second heat exchange surface 14A covers the cooling pipe 105. The second heat exchange surface 14A is capable of exchanging heat with the cooling medium 5 in the cooling pipe 105. The lattice wick 30A is arranged across a first wall wick 21A arranged to cover the first heat exchange surface 13A and a second wall wick 22A arranged to cover the second heat exchange surface 14A. . That is, the grid-like wick 30A is arranged so as to fill the inside of the wing body 101. In addition, in the sixth application example, the first wall wick 21A, the second wall wick 22A, and the lattice wick 30A are made of the same material by three-dimensional additive manufacturing, and the plurality of columnar members 31 are formed into a three-dimensional lattice. It is formed by arranging it in a shape.

(effect)
In the turbine blade 100 having the above configuration, by using the heat exchange device 1A, the inside of the blade body 101 can have a function similar to a complex-shaped heat sink. As a result, heat is exchanged between the blade surface 102 and the cooling medium 5 in the cooling pipe 105 via the grid-like wick 30A. Therefore, in the turbine blade 100, it becomes possible to cool the blade body 101 with higher heat exchange efficiency.

Further, by forming the turbine blade 100 itself using a three-dimensional additive manufacturing method, the blade body 101 and the heat exchange device 1A can be integrally formed at the same time. Furthermore, since the cooling pipe 105 is disposed near the base end inside the blade body 101, when the turbine blade 100 is a rotor blade, the working medium 4 condensed near the cooling pipe 105 due to centrifugal force. is sent toward the tip of the wing body 101. As a result, a large amount of the liquid phase working medium 4 can be sent to the tip of the blade body 101, exceeding the heat transport limit of the lattice wick 30A itself. This makes it possible to cool the blade body 101 with even higher heat exchange efficiency.

(Other embodiments)
Although the embodiment of the present disclosure has been described above in detail with reference to the drawings, the specific configuration is not limited to this embodiment, and includes design changes within the scope of the gist of the present disclosure. .

<Additional notes>
The heat exchange devices 1A to 1D described in each embodiment, the mold 50 equipped with the same, the reflective mirror 60, the gas-liquid heat exchanger 70, the finned heat exchanger tube 80, the nozzle 90, and the turbine blade 100 are, for example, as follows. It is understood as follows.

(1) The heat exchange devices 1A to 1D according to the first aspect have first heat exchange surfaces 13A, 13B inside which can exchange heat with the outside, and second heat exchange surfaces 13A and 13B that are capable of exchanging heat with the outside. A device main body 10A on which exchange surfaces 14A and 14B are formed, first wall wicks 21A and 21B made of a porous body and arranged to cover the insides of the first heat exchange surfaces 13A and 13B, and a porous second wall wicks 22A, 22B which are composed of a body and arranged to cover the insides of the second heat exchange surfaces 14A, 14B; the first wall wicks 21A, 21B; and the second wall wicks 22A, 22B. A lattice-like wick 30A is provided, which is formed by arranging a plurality of columnar members 31 made of a porous material in a three-dimensional lattice shape.

Examples of the object P include various gases, liquids, and members constituting various devices, devices, and the like.

In each of the heat exchange devices 1A to 1D, a lattice wick 30A is formed by arranging a plurality of columnar members 31 made of a porous material in a three-dimensional lattice shape. Therefore, gaps 32 (see FIG. 2) through which the gas-phase working medium 4 can pass are formed between the plurality of columnar members 31 (interstitial spaces). Therefore, the gas phase working medium 4 quickly flows to the second wall wick 22A through the gaps 32 formed between the lattices of the lattice-like wick 30A. Thereby, the amount of movement (flow rate) of the gas phase working medium 4 between the first wall wick 21A and the second wall wick 22A can be secured. In addition, the amount of movement (flow rate) of the liquid phase working medium 4 between the second wall wick 22A and the first wall wick 21A is achieved by utilizing capillary phenomenon by the lattice-like wick 30A formed of a porous material. can be ensured. As a result, it becomes possible to increase the heat exchange efficiency in the heat exchange device 1A.

(2) A heat exchange device 1A according to a second aspect is the heat exchange device 1A of (1), in which the lattice wick 30A is between the first wall wick 21A and the second wall wick 22A. They are arranged so as to fill the entire space defined by.

Thereby, the working medium 4 in the gas phase or liquid phase moves more efficiently between the first wall wick 21A and the second wall wick 22A. Therefore, when the temperature becomes low or high at any position of the first wall wick 21A and the second wall wick 22A, the working medium 4 in the gas phase or liquid phase quickly spreads to that position, and heat exchange is performed. It will be done. In other words, heat exchange is quickly performed, and a location in the device main body 10A that has become low or high temperature can be quickly heated or cooled.

(3) The heat exchange devices 1B to 1D according to the third aspect are the heat exchange devices 1B to 1D according to (1) or (2), in which the lattice-like wick 30B is located inside the device main body 10B. a first lattice-like wick 33 extending to connect a first region A1 where one wall wick 21B is arranged and a second region A2 where the second wall wick 22B is arranged within the device main body 10B; Further comprising a second lattice wick 34 connecting the first wall wick 21B or the second wall wick 22B and the first lattice wick 33 and having a smaller cross-sectional area than the first lattice wick 33. .

Thereby, the amount (flow rate) of the liquid phase working medium 4 that moves between the second wall wick 22B and the first wall wick 21B through the first lattice wick 33 can be increased. Thereby, it is possible to prevent the working medium 4 supplied to the first wall wick 21B or the second wall wick 22B from being depleted. Furthermore, the first area A1 and the second area A2 are not filled with the first lattice wick 33, and the second lattice wick 34 is formed. Therefore, a space is formed around the second lattice-shaped wick 34 in the first area A1 and the second area A2. This space allows the flow of the steam 4S to be ensured. Thereby, a rapid flow of the gas phase working medium 4 between the first lattice wick 33 and the first wall wick 21B and the second wall wick 22B can be ensured.

(4) The heat exchange devices 1C, 1D according to the fourth aspect are the heat exchange devices 1C, 1D according to (3), in which the lattice-like wicks 30C, 30D are arranged in the first area A1 or the second area. It further includes buffer wicks 35 and 36 connected to the second lattice-like wick 34 at A2 and having a larger cross-sectional area than the second lattice-like wick 34.

Thereby, the amount of the working medium 4 supplied by the buffer wick 35 to the first wall wick 21B and the second wall wick 22B through the second lattice wick 34 can be increased. As a result, depletion of the working medium 4 supplied to the first wall wick 21B can be more effectively suppressed.

(5) The mold 50 according to the fifth aspect includes a first mold 51, a second mold 52 that forms a molding space 53 between the first mold 51 and the second mold 52 into which a molten material 200 is filled, and a heat exchange device 1A-1D of any one of (1) to (4) that is arranged on at least one of the first mold 51 and the second mold 52 and is capable of exchanging heat with the material 200 in the molding space 53 by the first heat exchange surfaces 13A and 13B.

Thereby, when the melted material 200 is solidified by the heat exchange devices 1A to 1D, heat exchange is performed with the material 200 on the first heat exchange surface 13A. This heat exchange allows the material 200 to cool uniformly and rapidly. Therefore, it becomes possible to cool the mold 50 with higher heat exchange efficiency.

(6) The reflective mirror 60 according to the sixth aspect is a reflective mirror 60 that can reflect the laser beam 300, and includes a mirror portion 61 to which the laser beam 300 is irradiated, and a main body portion that supports the mirror portion 61. 62, and a heat exchange device 1A according to any one of (1) to (4), which is arranged inside the main body part 62 and is capable of exchanging heat with the mirror part 61 by the first heat exchange surfaces 13A and 13B. ~1D.

This allows the heat exchange devices 1A to 1D to cool the mirror portion 61 with higher heat exchange efficiency. This makes it possible to prevent the mirror portion 61 from being thermally deformed by the heat input from the laser light 300.

(7) The gas-liquid heat exchanger 70 according to the seventh aspect includes a first pipe 71 through which gas flows, and a second pipe 72 which is disposed at a position away from the first pipe 71 and through which liquid flows. It is arranged between the first tube 71 and the second tube 72, and is capable of exchanging heat with the gas in the first tube 71 by the first heat exchange surfaces 13A and 13B, and the second heat exchange surface 14A and 14B, any one of the heat exchange devices 1A to 1D of (1) to (4) is provided, which is capable of exchanging heat with the liquid in the second pipe 72.

Thereby, heat exchange is performed between the gas in the first tube 71 and the liquid in the second tube 72 via the grid-like wick 30A. Therefore, it becomes possible to perform heat exchange with higher heat exchange efficiency in the gas-liquid heat exchanger 70.

(8) The finned heat transfer tube 80 according to the eighth aspect comprises a heat transfer tube body 81 through which a fluid flows, a fin 82 extending from the outer peripheral surface of the heat transfer tube body 81, and a heat exchange device 1A-1D of any one of (1) to (4) arranged on the fin 82, in which the second heat exchange surfaces 14A, 14B are arranged in a position closer to the heat transfer tube body 81 than the first heat exchange surfaces 13A, 13B, and the second heat exchange surfaces 14A, 14B are capable of exchanging heat with the fluid inside the heat transfer tube body 81.

Thereby, heat exchange is performed between the fins 82 and the heat exchanger tube body 81 via the lattice wick 30A. Therefore, it becomes possible to exchange heat with higher heat exchange efficiency using the finned heat exchanger tube 80.

(9) The nozzle 90 according to the ninth aspect includes a nozzle portion 91 through which a high-temperature fluid flows, and a cooling pipe 95 connected to the nozzle portion 91 through which the cooling medium 5 flows. The main body portion 92 and the first heat exchange surfaces 13A and 13B enable heat exchange with the fluid flowing inside the nozzle portion 91, and the second heat exchange surfaces 14A and 14B allow heat exchange with the fluid flowing inside the cooling pipe 95. It includes any one of the heat exchange devices 1A to 1D of (1) to (4) capable of exchanging heat with the cooling medium 5.

Thereby, heat exchange is performed between the nozzle tip 93 and the cooling medium 5 in the cooling pipe 95 via the grid-like wick 30A. Therefore, it becomes possible to cool the nozzle 90 with higher heat exchange efficiency.

(10) The turbine blade 100 according to the tenth aspect includes a blade body 101 having a blade surface 102 that can come into contact with a high-temperature fluid, and a cooling pipe 105 disposed inside the blade body 101 and through which the cooling medium 5 flows. The first heat exchange surfaces 13A and 13B enable heat exchange with the fluid in contact with the blade surface 102, and the second heat exchange surfaces 14A and 14B allow heat exchange with the fluid in the cooling pipe 105. The heat exchange device 1A to 1D of any one of (1) to (4) is capable of exchanging heat with the cooling medium 5.

Thereby, heat is exchanged between the blade surface 102 and the cooling medium 5 in the cooling pipe 105 via the grid-like wick 30A. Therefore, in the turbine blade 100, it becomes possible to cool the blade body 101 with higher heat exchange efficiency.

1A to 1D...Heat exchange device 4...Working medium 4S...Steam 5...Cooling medium 10A, 10B...Device body S...Internal space 1s...First end 1t...Second end 11...First exterior portion 11t...Convex portion 12...Second exterior portion 12s...Recesses 13A, 13B...First heat exchange surfaces 14A, 14B...Second heat exchange surfaces 15, 15B...Cooling pipes 20A, 20B...Wall wicks 21A, 21B...First wall wicks 22A, 22B ...Second wall wick 23...Third wall wick 30A to 30D...Lattice wick 31...Column member 32...Gap 33...First lattice wick 34...Second lattice wick 341...Evaporation side second lattice wick 342... Condensation side second lattice wick 35, 36...Buffer wick 361...First buffer wick 362...Second buffer wick 50...Mold 51...First mold 52...Second mold 53...Molding space 55...Cooling pipe 60 ... Reflection mirror 61 ... Mirror section 62 ... Main body section 65 ... Cooling tube 70 ... Gas-liquid heat exchanger 71 ... First tube 72 ... Second pipe 80 ... Fined heat transfer tube 81 ... Heat transfer tube main body 82 ... Fin 90 ... Nozzle 91 ...Nozzle part 92...Nozzle body part 93...Nozzle tip 95...Cooling pipe 100...Turbine blade 101...Blade body 102...Blade surface 105...Cooling pipe 200...Material 300...Laser beam A1...First area A2...Second area P …Object

Claims (10)

A device body in which a phase-changing working medium is enclosed, and a first heat exchange surface and a second heat exchange surface capable of exchanging heat with the outside are formed inside;
a first wall wick made of a porous body and arranged to cover the inside of the first heat exchange surface;
a second wall wick made of a porous body and arranged to cover the inside of the second heat exchange surface;
a lattice-like wick that is disposed across the first wall wick and the second wall wick and is formed by arranging a plurality of columnar members made of a porous body in a three-dimensional lattice shape;
Equipped with
The device main body is
a first exterior portion formed at a position close to the object to be cooled or heated;
a second exterior part disposed at a position farther from the object than the first exterior part, and a second exterior part disposed so as to face away from the first exterior part;
The first heat exchange surface is an inner surface facing inward in the first exterior part,
The second heat exchange surface is an inner surface facing inward in the second exterior part,
The first wall wick, the second wall wick, and the lattice wick are formed of the same material by three-dimensional additive manufacturing . The heat exchange device according to claim 1, wherein the lattice wick is arranged to fill the entire space defined between the first wall wick and the second wall wick. The lattice-like wick extends to connect a first area in the device body where the first wall wick is arranged and a second area where the second wall wick is arranged in the device body. a first lattice wick;
a second lattice-like wick connecting the first wall wick or the second wall wick and the first lattice-like wick and having a smaller cross-sectional area than the first lattice-like wick;
The heat exchange device according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising: The thermal heating device according to claim 3, wherein the lattice wick further comprises a buffer wick connected to the second lattice wick in the first region or the second region and having a larger cross-sectional area than the second lattice wick. replacement device. The first mold,
a second mold forming a molding space filled with the melted material between the second mold and the first mold;
5. Any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the material is disposed in at least one of the first mold and the second mold, and is capable of exchanging heat with the material in the molding space through the first heat exchange surface. and the heat exchange device described in
A mold with. A reflective mirror capable of reflecting laser light,
a mirror portion to which the laser beam is irradiated;
a main body portion that supports the mirror portion;
The heat exchange device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the heat exchange device is disposed inside the main body part and is capable of exchanging heat with the mirror part by the first heat exchange surface.
A reflective mirror with a A first pipe through which gas flows;
a second pipe arranged at a position remote from the first pipe and through which liquid flows;
disposed between the first tube and the second tube, the first heat exchange surface allows heat exchange with the gas in the first tube, and the second heat exchange surface allows the gas in the second tube to exchange heat with the gas in the second tube. The heat exchange device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is capable of exchanging heat with a liquid;
A gas-liquid heat exchanger equipped with a heat exchanger tube body in which a fluid flows;
fins extending from the outer peripheral surface of the heat exchanger tube body;
The second heat exchange surface is disposed on the fin, and the second heat exchange surface is disposed at a position close to the heat exchanger tube body with respect to the first heat exchange surface, and the second heat exchange surface allows the fluid inside the heat exchanger tube body to A finned heat exchanger tube comprising: the heat exchange device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is capable of heat exchange. a nozzle portion through which a high-temperature fluid flows;
a nozzle body portion having a cooling pipe disposed therein, the cooling pipe being connected to the nozzle portion and through which a cooling medium flows;
The heat exchange device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the first heat exchange surface is capable of exchanging heat with a fluid flowing inside the nozzle portion, and the second heat exchange surface is capable of exchanging heat with the cooling medium inside the cooling pipe;
A nozzle comprising: a wing body having a wing surface capable of contacting high-temperature fluid;
a cooling pipe arranged inside the wing body and through which a cooling medium flows;
A claim in which the airfoil is disposed on the wing body, the first heat exchange surface allows heat exchange with the fluid in contact with the wing surface, and the second heat exchange surface allows heat exchange with the cooling medium in the cooling pipe. The heat exchange device according to any one of Items 1 to 4,
A turbine blade equipped with.

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