JP7450008B2 - エンドソーム切断可能なリンカー - Google Patents
エンドソーム切断可能なリンカー Download PDFInfo
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- JP7450008B2 JP7450008B2 JP2022185398A JP2022185398A JP7450008B2 JP 7450008 B2 JP7450008 B2 JP 7450008B2 JP 2022185398 A JP2022185398 A JP 2022185398A JP 2022185398 A JP2022185398 A JP 2022185398A JP 7450008 B2 JP7450008 B2 JP 7450008B2
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- sirna
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- OGWKCGZFUXNPDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N vincristine Natural products C1C(CC)(O)CC(CC2(C(=O)OC)C=3C(=CC4=C(C56C(C(C(OC(C)=O)C7(CC)C=CCN(C67)CC5)(O)C(=O)OC)N4C=O)C=3)OC)CN1CCC1=C2NC2=CC=CC=C12 OGWKCGZFUXNPDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003612 virological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019156 vitamin B Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011720 vitamin B Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019168 vitamin K Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011712 vitamin K Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003721 vitamin K derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003722 vitamin derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940046010 vitamin k Drugs 0.000 description 1
- SFVVQRJOGUKCEG-OPQSFPLASA-N β-MSH Chemical compound C1C[C@@H](O)[C@H]2C(COC(=O)[C@@](O)([C@@H](C)O)C(C)C)=CCN21 SFVVQRJOGUKCEG-OPQSFPLASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003952 β-lactams Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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Description
当業者であれば、20~23、特に21塩基対の二重螺旋構造を含む二本鎖オリゴヌクレオチドがRNA干渉を誘導するのに特に有効であるとして認められていることは十分認識している(Elbashir et al.,EMBO 2001,20:6877-6888)。しかしながら、他に、これより短い又は長い二本鎖オリゴヌクレオチドも有効となり得ることが見出されている。
(a)以下を有するセンス鎖:
(i)21ヌクレオチドの長さ;
(ii)3’末端に結合されたASGPRリガンドであって、三価分岐状リンカーを介して結合された3つのGalNAc誘導体を含むASGPRリガンド;及び
(iii)1、3、5、7、9~11、13、17、19及び21位における2’-F修飾並びに2、4、6、8、12、14~16、18及び20位における2’-OMe修飾(5’末端から数えて);並びに
(b)以下を有するアンチセンス鎖:
(i)23ヌクレオチドの長さ;
(ii)1、3、5、9、11~13、15、17、19、21及び23位における2’-OMe修飾並びに2、4、6~8、10、14、16、18、20及び22位における2’F修飾(5’末端から数えて);及び
(iii)ヌクレオチド位置21及び22間並びにヌクレオチド位置22及び23間(5’末端から数えて)のホスホロチオエートヌクレオチド間結合
を含み、ここで、dsRNA剤は、アンチセンス鎖の3’末端に2つのヌクレオチド突出部及びアンチセンス鎖の5’末端に平滑末端を有する。
(a)以下を有するセンス鎖:
(i)21ヌクレオチドの長さ;
(ii)3’末端に結合されたASGPRリガンドであって、三価分岐状リンカーを介して結合された3つのGalNAc誘導体を含むASGPRリガンド;
(iii)1、3、5、7、9~11、13、15、17、19及び21位における2’-F修飾並びに2、4、6、8、12、14、16、18及び20位における2’-OMe修飾(5’末端から数えて);及び
(iv)ヌクレオチド位置1及び2間並びにヌクレオチド位置2及び3間(5’末端から数えて)のホスホロチオエートヌクレオチド間結合;並びに
(b)以下を有するアンチセンス鎖:
(i)23ヌクレオチドの長さ;
(ii)1、3、5、7、9、11~13、15、17、19及び21~23位における2’-OMe修飾並びに2、4、6、8、10、14、16、18及び20位における2’F修飾(5’末端から数えて);及び
(iii)ヌクレオチド位置1及び2間、ヌクレオチド位置2及び3間、ヌクレオチド位置21及び22間並びにヌクレオチド位置22及び23間(5’末端から数えて)のホスホロチオエートヌクレオチド間結合
を含み、ここで、dsRNA剤は、アンチセンス鎖の3’末端に2つのヌクレオチド突出部及びアンチセンス鎖の5’末端に平滑末端を有する。
(a)以下を有するセンス鎖:
(i)21ヌクレオチドの長さ;
(ii)3’末端に結合されたASGPRリガンドであって、三価分岐状リンカーを介して結合された3つのGalNAc誘導体を含むASGPRリガンド;
(iii)1~6、8、10及び12~21位における2’-OMe修飾、7及び9位における2’-F修飾並びに11位におけるデソキシ-ヌクレオチド(例えば、dT)(5’末端から数えて);及び
(iv)ヌクレオチド位置1及び~2間並びにヌクレオチド位置2及び3間(5’末端から数えて)のホスホロチオエートヌクレオチド間結合;並びに
(b)以下を有するアンチセンス鎖:
(i)23ヌクレオチドの長さ;
(ii)1、3、7、9、11、13、15、17及び19~23位における2’-OMe修飾並びに2、4~6、8、10、12、14、16及び18位における2’-F修飾(5’末端から数えて);及び
(iii)ヌクレオチド位置1及び2間、ヌクレオチド位置2及び3間、ヌクレオチド位置21及び22間並びにヌクレオチド位置22及び23間(5’末端から数えて)のホスホロチオエートヌクレオチド間結合
を含み、ここで、dsRNA剤は、アンチセンス鎖の3’末端に2つのヌクレオチド突出部及びアンチセンス鎖の5’末端に平滑末端を有する。
(a)以下を有するセンス鎖:
(i)21ヌクレオチドの長さ;
(ii)3’末端に結合されたASGPRリガンドであって、三価分岐状リンカーを介して結合された3つのGalNAc誘導体を含むASGPRリガンド;
(iii)1~6、8、10、12、14及び16~21位における2’-OMe修飾並びに7、9、11、13及び15位における2’-F修飾;及び
(iv)ヌクレオチド位置1及び2間並びにヌクレオチド位置2及び3間(5’末端から数えて)のホスホロチオエートヌクレオチド間結合;並びに
(b)以下を有するアンチセンス鎖:
(i)23ヌクレオチドの長さ;
(ii)1、5、7、9、11、13、15、17、19及び21~23位における2’-OMe修飾並びに2~4、6、8、10、12、14、16、18及び20位における2’-F修飾(5’末端から数えて);及び
(iii)ヌクレオチド位置1及び2間、ヌクレオチド位置2及び3間、ヌクレオチド位置21及び22間並びにヌクレオチド位置22及び23間(5’末端から数えて)のホスホロチオエートヌクレオチド間結合
を含み、ここで、dsRNA剤は、アンチセンス鎖の3’末端に2つのヌクレオチド突出部及びアンチセンス鎖の5’末端に平滑末端を有する。
(a)以下を有するセンス鎖:
(i)21ヌクレオチドの長さ;
(ii)3’末端に結合されたASGPRリガンドであって、三価分岐状リンカーを介して結合された3つのGalNAc誘導体を含むASGPRリガンド;
(iii)1~9及び12~21位における2’-OMe修飾並びに10及び11位における2’-F修飾;及び
(iv)ヌクレオチド位置1及び2間並びにヌクレオチド位置2及び3間(5’末端から数えて)のホスホロチオエートヌクレオチド間結合;並びに
(b)以下を有するアンチセンス鎖:
(i)23ヌクレオチドの長さ;
(ii)1、3、5、7、9、11~13、15、17、19及び21~23位における2’-OMe修飾並びに2、4、6、8、10、14、16、18及び20位における2’-F修飾(5’末端から数えて);及び
(iii)ヌクレオチド位置1及び2間、ヌクレオチド位置2及び3間、ヌクレオチド位置21及び22間並びにヌクレオチド位置22及び23間(5’末端から数えて)のホスホロチオエートヌクレオチド間結合
を含み、ここで、dsRNA剤は、アンチセンス鎖の3’末端に2つのヌクレオチド突出部及びアンチセンス鎖の5’末端に平滑末端を有する。
(a)以下を有するセンス鎖:
(i)21ヌクレオチドの長さ;
(ii)3’末端に結合されたASGPRリガンドであって、三価分岐状リンカーを介して結合された3つのGalNAc誘導体を含むASGPRリガンド;
(iii)1、3、5、7、9~11及び13位における2’-F修飾並びに2、4、6、8、12及び14~21位における2’-OMe修飾;及び
(iv)ヌクレオチド位置1及び2間並びにヌクレオチド位置2及び3間(5’末端から数えて)のホスホロチオエートヌクレオチド間結合;並びに
(b)以下を有するアンチセンス鎖:
(i)23ヌクレオチドの長さ;
(ii)1、3、5~7、9、11~13、15、17~19及び21~23位における2’-OMe修飾並びに2、4、8、10、14、16及び20位における2’-F修飾(5’末端から数えて);及び
(iii)ヌクレオチド位置1及び2間、ヌクレオチド位置2及び3間、ヌクレオチド位置21及び22間並びにヌクレオチド位置22及び23間(5’末端から数えて)のホスホロチオエートヌクレオチド間結合
を含み、ここで、dsRNA剤は、アンチセンス鎖の3’末端に2つのヌクレオチド突出部及びアンチセンス鎖の5’末端に平滑末端を有する。
(a)以下を有するセンス鎖:
(i)21ヌクレオチドの長さ;
(ii)3’末端に結合されたASGPRリガンドであって、三価分岐状リンカーを介して結合された3つのGalNAc誘導体を含むASGPRリガンド;
(iii)1、2、4、6、8、12、14、15、17及び19~21位における2’-OMe修飾並びに3、5、7、9~11、13、16及び18位における2’-F修飾;及び
(iv)ヌクレオチド位置1及び2間並びにヌクレオチド位置2及び3間(5’末端から数えて)のホスホロチオエートヌクレオチド間結合;並びに
(b)以下を有するアンチセンス鎖:
(i)25ヌクレオチドの長さ;
(ii)1、4、6、7、9、11~13、15、17及び19~23位における2’-OMe修飾、2、3、5、8、10、14、16及び18位における2’-F修飾並びに24及び25位におけるデソキシ-ヌクレオチド(例えば、dT)(5’末端から数えて);及び
(iii)ヌクレオチド位置1及び2間、ヌクレオチド位置2及び3間、ヌクレオチド位置21及び22間並びにヌクレオチド位置22及び23間(5’末端から数えて)のホスホロチオエートヌクレオチド間結合
を含み、ここで、dsRNA剤は、アンチセンス鎖の3’末端に4つのヌクレオチド突出部及びアンチセンス鎖の5’末端に平滑末端を有する。
(a)以下を有するセンス鎖:
(i)21ヌクレオチドの長さ;
(ii)3’末端に結合されたASGPRリガンドであって、三価分岐状リンカーを介して結合された3つのGalNAc誘導体を含むASGPRリガンド;
(iii)1~6、8及び12~21位における2’-OMe修飾並びに7及び9~11位における2’-F修飾;及び
(iv)ヌクレオチド位置1及び2間並びにヌクレオチド位置2及び3間(5’末端から数えて)のホスホロチオエートヌクレオチド間結合;並びに
(b)以下を有するアンチセンス鎖:
(i)23ヌクレオチドの長さ;
(ii)1、3~5、7、8、10~13、15及び17~23位における2’-OMe修飾並びに2、6、9、14及び16位における2’-F修飾(5’末端から数えて);及び
(iii)ヌクレオチド位置1及び2間、ヌクレオチド位置2及び3間、ヌクレオチド位置21及び22間並びにヌクレオチド位置22及び23間(5’末端から数えて)のホスホロチオエートヌクレオチド間結合
を含み、ここで、dsRNA剤は、アンチセンス鎖の3’末端に2つのヌクレオチド突出部及びアンチセンス鎖の5’末端に平滑末端を有する。
(a)以下を有するセンス鎖:
(i)21ヌクレオチドの長さ;
(ii)3’末端に結合されたASGPRリガンドであって、三価分岐状リンカーを介して結合された3つのGalNAc誘導体を含むASGPRリガンド;
(iii)1~6、8及び12~21位における2’-OMe修飾並びに7及び9~11位における2’-F修飾;及び
(iv)ヌクレオチド位置1及び2間並びにヌクレオチド位置2及び3間(5’末端から数えて)のホスホロチオエートヌクレオチド間結合;並びに
(b)以下を有するアンチセンス鎖:
(i)23ヌクレオチドの長さ;
(ii)1、3~5、7、10~13、15及び17~23位における2’-OMe修飾並びに2、6、8、9、14及び16位における2’-F修飾(5’末端から数えて);及び
(iii)ヌクレオチド位置1及び2間、ヌクレオチド位置2及び3間、ヌクレオチド位置21及び22間並びにヌクレオチド位置22及び23間(5’末端から数えて)のホスホロチオエートヌクレオチド間結合
を含み、ここで、dsRNA剤は、アンチセンス鎖の3’末端に2つのヌクレオチド突出部及びアンチセンス鎖の5’末端に平滑末端を有する。
(a)以下を有するセンス鎖:
(i)19ヌクレオチドの長さ;
(ii)3’末端に結合されたASGPRリガンドであって、三価分岐状リンカーを介して結合された3つのGalNAc誘導体を含むASGPRリガンド;
(iii)1~4、6及び10~19位における2’-OMe修飾並びに5及び7~9位における2’-F修飾;及び
(iv)ヌクレオチド位置1及び2間並びにヌクレオチド位置2及び3間(5’末端から数えて)のホスホロチオエートヌクレオチド間結合;並びに
(b)以下を有するアンチセンス鎖:
(i)21ヌクレオチドの長さ;
(ii)1、3~5、7、10~13、15及び17~21位における2’-OMe修飾並びに2、6、8、9、14及び16位における2’-F修飾(5’末端から数えて);及び
(iii)ヌクレオチド位置1及び2間、ヌクレオチド位置2及び3間、ヌクレオチド位置19及び20間並びにヌクレオチド位置20及び21間(5’末端から数えて)のホスホロチオエートヌクレオチド間結合
を含み、ここで、dsRNA剤は、アンチセンス鎖の3’末端に2つのヌクレオチド突出部及びアンチセンス鎖の5’末端に平滑末端を有する。
オリゴ3’-AGGT
二重鎖5’-AGCT
二重鎖3’-TCGA
一態様では、多標的分子が本明細書において提供される。概して、多標的分子は、互いに共有結合又は非共有結合された少なくとも2つの核酸ベースのエフェクター分子を含む。限定なしに、標的の遺伝子発現を調節することが可能な任意の核酸ベースのエフェクター分子は、本明細書に開示する多標的分子に含まれ得る。
別の態様では、本明細書に記載する切断可能なリンカーを介してリガンドとコンジュゲートされた1つのエフェクター分子を含むコンジュゲートが本明細書において提供される。限定なしに、エフェクター分子は、二本鎖及び一本鎖RNA干渉剤(siRNA及びshRNA並びに本明細書においてdsRNA剤と呼ばれるものなど)、アンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチド、マイクロRNA、抗マイクロRNA又は抗mir、スーパーmir、アンタゴmir、リボザイム、三重鎖形成性オリゴヌクレオチド、デコイオリゴヌクレオチド、RNA活性化因子、U1アダプター及びCRISPR CasのガイドRNA(gRNA)からなる群から選択され得る。一部の実施形態では、エフェクター分子は、siRNAである。
概して、リガンドは、限定しないが、薬力学、薬物動態、結合、吸収、細胞分布、細胞取り込み、電荷及びクリアランスを含む結合された分子(例えば、多標的分子、エフェクター分子又はエンドソーム作用剤)の1つ又は複数の特性を修飾する。リガンドは、化学分野で常用的に使用されており、親化合物に直接又は任意選択の連結部分若しくは結合基を介して連結される。リガンドの好ましいリストは、限定しないが、挿入剤、リポータ分子、ポリアミン、ポリアミド、ポリエチレングリコール、チオエーテル、ポリエーテル、コレステロール、チオコレステロール、コール酸部分、葉酸塩、脂質、リン脂質、ビオチン、フェナジン、フェナントリジン、アントラキノン、アダマンタン、アクリジン、フルオレセイン、ローダミン、クマリン及び染料を含む。
LGは、それぞれの存在について独立に、リガンド、例えば炭水化物、例えば単糖、二糖、三糖、四糖、多糖であり;
Z’、Z’’、Z’’’及びZ’’’’は、それぞれの存在についてそれぞれ独立に、O又はSである。
q2A、q2B、q3A、q3B、q4A、q4B、q5A、q5B及びq5Cは、それぞれの存在について独立に、0~20を表し、反復単位は、同じか又は異なり得;
Q及びQ’は、それぞれの存在について独立に、非存在、-(P7-Q7-R7)p-T7-又は-T7-Q7-T7’-B-T8’-Q8-T8であり;
P2A、P2B、P3A、P3B、P4A、P4B、P5A、P5B、P5C、P7、T2A、T2B、T3A、T3B、T4A、T4B、T4A、T5B、T5C、T7、T7’、T8及びT8’は、それぞれの存在についてそれぞれ独立に、非存在、CO、NH、O、S、OC(O)、NHC(O)、CH2、CH2NH又はCH2Oであり;
Bは、-CH2-N(BL)-CH2-であり;
BLは、-TB-QB-TB’-Rxであり;
Q2A、Q2B、Q3A、Q3B、Q4A、Q4B、Q5A、Q5B、Q5C、Q7、Q8及びQBは、それぞれの存在について独立に、非存在、アルキレン、置換アルキレンであり、1つ又は複数のメチレンは、O、S、S(O)、SO2、N(RN)、C(R’)=C(R’)、C≡C又はC(O)の1つ又は複数によって分断若しくは終結することができ;
TB及びTB’は、それぞれの存在についてそれぞれ独立に、非存在、CO、NH、O、S、OC(O)、OC(O)O、NHC(O)、NHC(O)NH、NHC(O)O、CH2、CH2NH又はCH2Oであり;
Rxは、親油性物質(例えば、コレステロール、コール酸、アダマンタン酢酸、1-ピレン酪酸、ジヒドロテストステロン、1,3-ビス-O(ヘキサデシル)グリセロール、ゲラニルオキシヘキシル基、ヘキサデシルグリセロール、ボルネオール、メントール、1,3-プロパンジオール、ヘプタデシル基、パルミチン酸、ミリスチン酸,O3-(オレオイル)リトコール酸、O3-(オレオイル)コレン酸、ジメトキシトリチル又はフェノキサジン)、ビタミン(例えば、葉酸塩、ビタミンA、ビタミンE、ビオチン、ピリドキサール)、ペプチド、炭水化物(例えば、単糖、二糖、三糖、四糖、オリゴ糖、多糖)、エンドソーム溶解性成分、ステロイド(例えば、ウバオール、ヘシゲニン、ジオスゲニン)、テルペン(例えば、トリテルペン、例えばサルササポゲニン、フリーデリン、エピフリーデラノール誘導体化リトコール酸)又はカチオン性脂質であり;
R1、R2、R2A、R2B、R3A、R3B、R4A、R4B、R5A、R5B、R5C、R7は、それぞれの存在についてそれぞれ独立に、非存在、NH、O、S、CH2、C(O)O、C(O)NH、NHCH(Ra)C(O)、-C(O)-CH(Ra)-NH-、CO、CH=N-O、
L1、L2A、L2B、L3A、L3B、L4A、L4B、L5A、L5B及びL5Cは、それぞれの存在についてそれぞれ独立に、炭水化物、例えば単糖、二糖、三糖、四糖、オリゴ糖及び多糖であり;
R’及びR’’は、それぞれ独立に、H、C1~C6アルキル、OH、SH又はN(RN)2であり;
RNは、それぞれの存在について独立に、H、メチル、エチル、プロピル、イソプロピル、ブチル又はベンジルであり;
Raは、H又はアミノ酸側鎖であり;
Z’、Z’’、Z’’’及びZ’’’’は、それぞれの存在についてそれぞれ独立に、O又はSであり;
pは、それぞれの存在について独立に、0~20を表す。
限定なしに、エフェクター分子の標的遺伝子として、限定しないが、不要な細胞増殖を促進する遺伝子、増殖因子遺伝子、増殖因子受容体遺伝子、遺伝子発現キナーゼ、アダプタータンパク質遺伝子、Gタンパク質スーパーファミリー分子をコードする遺伝子、転写因子をコードする遺伝子、血管新生を媒介する遺伝子、ウイルス遺伝子、ウイルス複製に必要な遺伝子、ウイルス機能を媒介する細胞遺伝子、細菌性病原体の遺伝子、アメーバ性病原体の遺伝子、寄生体病原体の遺伝子、真菌性病原体の遺伝子、不要な免疫応答を媒介する遺伝子、痛みのプロセシングを媒介する遺伝子、神経疾患を媒介する遺伝子、ヘテロ接合性の喪失を特徴とする細胞に見出される対立遺伝子又は多型遺伝子の1つの対立遺伝子が挙げられる。
エフェクター分子又は多標的分子は、本明細書に記載する少なくとも1つの核酸修飾を含み得る。例えば、修飾ヌクレオシド間結合、修飾核酸塩基、修飾糖及びこれらの任意の組合せからなる群から選択される少なくとも1つの修飾である。限定なしに、このような修飾は、エフェクター分子又は多標的分子中のいずれかの箇所に存在し得る。例えば、修飾は、エフェクター分子又は多標的分子の2つのエフェクター分子を連結するリンカーの1つに存在し得る。
xは、0、1又は2であり;
nは、1、2、3又は4であり;
各R1及びR2は、独立に、H、保護基、ヒドロキシル、C1~C12アルキル、置換C1~C12アルキル、C2~C12アルケニル、置換C2~C12アルケニル、C2~C12アルキニル、置換C2~C12アルキニル、C5~C20アリール、置換C5~C20アリール、複素環式ラジカル、置換複素環式ラジカル、ヘテロアリール、置換ヘテロアリール、C5~C7脂環式ラジカル、置換C5~C7脂環式ラジカル、ハロゲン、OJ1、NJ1J2、SJ1、N3、COOJ1、アシル(C(=O)-H)、置換アシル、CN、スルホニル(S(=O)2-J1)又はスルホキシル(S(=O)-J1)であり;
各J1及びJ2は、独立に、H、C1~C12アルキル、置換C1~C12アルキル、C2~C12アルケニル、置換C2~C12アルケニル、C2~C12アルキニル、置換C2~C12アルキニル、C5~C20アリール、置換C5~C20アリール、アシル(C(=O)-H)、置換アシル、複素環式ラジカル、置換複素環式ラジカル、C1~C12アミノアルキル、置換C1~C12アミノアルキル又は保護基である。
Bxは、複素環式塩基部分であり;
T1は、H又はヒドロキシル保護基であり;
T2は、H、ヒドロキシル保護基又は反応性リン基であり;
Zは、C1~C6アルキル、C2~C6アルケニル、C2~C6アルキニル、置換C1~C6アルキル、置換C2~C6アルケニル、置換C2~C6アルキニル、アシル、置換アシル又は置換アミドである。
Bxは、複素環式塩基部分であり;
T3は、H、ヒドロキシル保護基、連結したコンジュゲート基又はヌクレオシド、ヌクレオチド、オリゴヌクレオシド、オリゴヌクレオチド、モノマーサブユニット若しくはオリゴマー化合物に結合したヌクレオシド間結合基であり;
T4は、H、ヒドロキシル保護基、連結したコンジュゲート基又はヌクレオシド、ヌクレオチド、オリゴヌクレオシド、オリゴヌクレオチド、モノマーサブユニット若しくはオリゴマー化合物に結合したヌクレオシド間結合基であり;
ここで、T3及びT4の少なくとも1つは、ヌクレオシド、ヌクレオチド、オリゴヌクレオシド、オリゴヌクレオチド、モノマーサブユニット若しくはオリゴマー化合物に結合したヌクレオシド間結合基であり;
Zは、C1~C6アルキル、C2~C6アルケニル、C2~C6アルキニル、置換C1~C6アルキル、置換C2~C6アルケニル、置換C2~C6アルキニル、アシル、置換アシル又は置換アミドである。
の少なくとも1つ(例えば、1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12、13、14、15又はそれを上回る)の(S)-cEtモノマーを含む。
本明細書には、モノマー(限定しないが、修飾及び非修飾ヌクレオシド及びヌクレオチドを含む)を互いに連結し、それによってオリゴマー化合物、例えばオリゴヌクレオチドを形成する結合基を記載する。こうした結合基は、糖間結合とも呼ばれる。2つの主要なクラスの結合基は、リン原子の存在又は非存在によって区別される。代表的なリン含有結合として、限定しないが、リン酸ジエステル(P=O)、リン酸トリエステル、ホスホン酸メチル、ホスホロアミデート及びホスホロチオエート(P=S)が挙げられる。代表的な非リン含有結合基として、限定しないが、メチレンメチルイミノ(-CH2-N(CH3)-O-CH2-)、チオジエステル(-O-C(O)-S-)、チオノカルバメート(-O-C(O)(NH)-S-);シロキサン(-O-Si(H)2-O-);及びN,N’-ジメチルヒドラジン(-CH2-N(CH3)-N(CH3)-)が挙げられる。天然のリン酸ジエステル結合と比較して、修飾された結合は、オリゴヌクレオチドのヌクレアーゼ耐性を改変、典型的には増大させるために使用することができる。いくつかの実施形態では、キラル原子を有する結合は、個別の鏡像体として、ラセミ混合物として調製することができる。代表的なキラル結合として、限定しないが、ホスホン酸アルキル及びホスホロチオエートが挙げられる。リン含有及び非リン含有結合の調製方法は、当業者に周知である。
(2’-F)-(PS)-(2’-OMe)-(PO)
である。
ABA;
ABBA;
AABA;
AABBAA;
ABBABB;
AABAAB;
ABBABAABB;
ABABAA;
AABABAB;
ABABAA;
ABBAABBABABAA;
BABBAABBABABAA;又は
ABABBAABBABABAA;
のいずれかの1つ又は複数の領域を含み得、ここで、Aは、第1タイプのヌクレオシドであり、Bは、第2タイプのヌクレオシドである。いくつかの実施形態では、A及びBは、それぞれ2’-F、2’-OMe、LNA、DNA及びMOEから選択される。
いくつかの実施形態では、多標的分子中のオリゴヌクレオチドは、2-2-3モチーフを有する領域を含む。このような領域は、下記のモチーフ:
5’-(E)w-(A)2-(B)x-(A)2-(C)y-(A)3-(D)z
を含み、式中、
Aは、第1タイプの修飾ヌクレオシドであり;
B、C、D及びEは、Aと異なる修飾がなされたヌクレオシドであるが、B、C、D及びEは、互いに同じ又は異なる修飾を有し得;
w及びzは、0~15であり;
x及びyは、1~15である。
前述したモチーフ及び修飾のいくつかを組み合わせ得ることが理解されるべきである。モチーフは、少数のヌクレオチドのみを含み得ることから、特定のオリゴヌクレオチドは、2つ以上のモチーフを含むことができる。非限定的な例として、いくつかの実施形態では、多標的分子中のオリゴヌクレオチドは、LNA、ホスホロチオエート結合、2’-OMe、コンジュゲートリガンドから選択される2つ以上のヌクレオチドモチーフを有し得る。
(a)5’-ホスホロチオエート又は5’-ホスホロジチオエート;
(b)5’末端のヌクレオチド1及び2のカチオン性修飾、ここで、カチオン性修飾は、ピリミジンのC5位及びプリンのC2、C6、C8、環外N2若しくは環外N6に位置する;
(c)5’末端の最初の2つの末端ヌクレオチドにおける少なくとも1つのGクランプヌクレオチド及びカチオン性修飾を有する他のヌクレオチド、ここで、カチオン性修飾は、ピリミジンのC5位又はプリンのC2、C6、C8、環外N2若しくは環外N6位に位置する;
(d)核酸塩基修飾を含む少なくとも1つの2’-F修飾ヌクレオチド;
(e)核酸塩基修飾を含む少なくとも1つのgem-2’-O-メチル/2’-F修飾ヌクレオチド、好ましくはメチル置換基は、上方配置、例えばアラビノース配置にある;
(f)3’末端の5’-PuPu-3’ジヌクレオチド、ここで、いずれのヌクレオチドも、米国特許出願公開第20130130378号明細書(その内容は、全体として参照により本明細書に組み込まれる)に記載のように2’位に修飾MOEを含む;
(g)5’末端の5’-PuPu-3’ジヌクレオチド、ここで、いずれのヌクレオチドも、米国特許出願公開第20130130378号明細書に記載のように2’位に修飾MOEを含む;
(h)米国特許出願公開第20130130378号明細書に記載のように2’位に修飾MOEを含む、5’末端のヌクレオチド;
(i)3’-F修飾を有する5’末端のヌクレオチド;
(j)4’-置換基を含む5’末端ヌクレオチド;
(k)O4’修飾を含む5’末端ヌクレオチド;
(l)4’-置換基を含む3’末端ヌクレオチド;及び
(m)これらの組合せ。
修飾及び非修飾ヌクレオシド及びヌクレオチドのオリゴマー化は、DNA(Protocols for Oligonucleotides and Analogs,Ed.Agrawal(1993),Humana Press)及び/又はRNA(Scaringe,Methods(2001),23,206-217.Gait et al.,Applications of Chemically synthesized RNA in RNA:Protein Interactions,Ed.Smith(1998),1-36.Gallo et al.,Tetrahedron(2001),57,5707-5713)についての文献に記載の手順に従って、常用的に実施することができる。
リガンド又は多標的分子とコンジュゲートされたエフェクター分子は、医薬組成物又は製剤の調製のために、薬学的に許容される活性及び/又は不活性物質と混合することができる。医薬組成物の製剤化のための組成物及び方法は、限定しないが、投与経路、疾患の程度又は投与しようとする用量などのいくつかの基準に左右される。
いくつかの事例では、遺伝子発現を調節することが可能なオリゴヌクレオチドは、研究ツールとして使用されている。例えば、特定の遺伝子産物の機能を調べている研究者らは、細胞又は動物に存在するその遺伝子産物の量を低減するオリゴヌクレオチドを設計し、細胞又は動物における表現型変化を観察することができる。いくつかの実施形態では、本発明は、細胞又は動物における2つの異なる標的の量を低減するための方法を提供する。一部の実施形態では、2つの異なる標的は、2つの異なる遺伝子又は遺伝子産物であり得る。一部の実施形態では、2つの異なる標的は、同じ遺伝子又は遺伝子産物であり得る。いくつかの実施形態では、試験者らは、タンパク質又は非翻訳核酸を特性決定するために、こうした技術を使用することができる。いくつかの実施形態では、遺伝子産物及び/又はいくつかの細胞機能の動力学及び/又はターンオーバを調べるために、こうした実験を使用する。一部の実施形態では、異なる遺伝子又は遺伝子産物間の関係又は相互関係を調べるために、こうした実験を使用する。
いくつかの実施形態では、本発明は、1種又は複数の多標的分子を含むキットを提供する。いくつかの実施形態では、こうしたキットは、治療用途のために意図される。いくつかの実施形態では、こうしたキットは、研究用途のために意図される。
具体的な定義が記載されていない限り、本明細書に記載の分析化学、合成有機化学、並びに医学及び薬化学に関連して使用される名称、並びにそれらの手順及び技術は、当技術分野でよく知られ、且つ一般に使用されているものである。化学合成及び化学分析のために標準的技術を使用することができる。いくつかのこうした技術及び手順は、例えば、“Carbohydrate Modifications in Antisense Research”Edited by Sangvi and Cook,American Chemical Society,Washington D.C.,1994;“Remington’s Pharmaceutical Sciences”,Mack Publishing Co.,Easton,Pa.,18th edition,1990;及び“Antisense Drug Technology,Principles,Strategies,and Applications”Edited by Stanley T.Crooke,CRC Press,Boca Raton,Fla.;及びSambrook et al.,“Molecular Cloning,A laboratory Manual”,2nd Edition,Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press,1989に見出すことができ、これらは、あらゆる目的のために参照により本明細書に組み込まれる。認められる限り、本開示で言及される全ての特許、出願、公開出願並びに他の刊行物及び他のデータは、その全体が参照により本明細書に組み込まれる。
ビス(siRNA)多重鎖を非変性10%Criterion TBEゲル中で電気泳動移動度シフトアッセイによってリンカーの安定性について評価した。ビス-siRNAサンプルをPBS中2μMで調製し、次に基質中で0.1μMに希釈した。基質は、(a)スプラーグドーリー(S.D.)ラット又はカニクイザル血漿(リチウムヘパリン中、Bioreclamation)(b)20mMのクエン酸Na緩衝液pH4.5中で1:2に希釈された雄雌混合(Mixed Gender)ラット肝トリトソーム(Xenotech)又は(c)50mMのトリス、5mMのMgCl2、pH7.4中で1:10に希釈された、雌S.D.ラット肝サイトゾル又は雄雌混合カニクイザル肝サイトゾル(10mg/mLとして供給される、Xenotech)のいずれかであった。ビス-siRNA/基質混合物に2単位のヘパリンを加えた。次に、サンプルを0又は24時間にわたって37℃でインキュベートした。インキュベーションの最後に25mMのEDTAを加えて、反応をクエンチした。サンプルを-80℃で貯蔵した。
・ゲル:10%のTBE、Criterion、Cat.#345-0053
・*最近、10%のTBE、Novex、Cat.#EC62755BOXに変更した。
・ラット血漿(リチウムヘパリン)、Bioreclamation、Cat.#RATLLIHP
・スプラーグドーリー(SD)ラット肝トリトソーム、Xenotech、Cat.#R0610.LT、チロキサポール処理された、雄雌混合、60匹のプール
・ラット肝サイトゾル、雌、IGSスプラーグドーリー、115匹のプール、Xenotech、Cat.#R1500.C、10mg/mLで1mLとして供給される
・10倍のPBS緩衝液pH7.4、Ambion、Cat.#AM9625(1倍に希釈される)
・ヘパリン1000U/mL、Sagent
・EDTA 500mM(50mMに希釈される)
・10bpのDNAラダー、Life Technologies、Cat.#10488-019
・BlueJuice(商標)Gel Loading Buffer(10倍)-ブロモフェノールブルー、Life Technologies、Cat.#10816-015
○54%(w/v)のスクロース、10mMのトリス-HCl(pH6.5)、10mMのEDTA、0.3%(w/v)のブロモフェノールブルーから構成される。
・10×TBE(トリス/ホウ酸/EDTA)、BioRad Labs、Cat.#171-0070
・TrackIt 6×Cyan/Orange Loading Buffer、Life Technologies、Cat.#10482-028
○30%(w/v)のグリセロール、60mMのトリス-HCl(pH7.5)、60mMのEDTA、.36%(w/v)のXCFF及び2.4%(w/v)のOrange Gから構成される。
・SYBR Gold、Life Technologies、Cat.#S11494、10,000倍ストック
・Image Labソフトウェアと共にGel Doc(商標)XR+ Imaging System、BioRad
AD-77748.1(dA及びdT20量体の二重鎖)
2つの二重鎖:FVII(AD-68269)及びTTR(AD-69228)の混合物。
1.サンプルを1×PBS中で2μMに希釈する。
2.PCRチューブ中で1μLのsiRNAを19μLの基質に加える。
a.トリトソームについて、まず20mMのクエン酸Na緩衝液pH4.5中で1:2に希釈する。
b.サイトゾルについて、まず50mMのトリス、5mMのMgCl2、pH7.4中で10倍に希釈する。
3.2μLのヘパリンを加える。
a.血漿について、このステップを省略することができる(ヘパリンが既に仕込まれている)
4.0時間、4時間又は24時間にわたって37℃でインキュベートする。
5.インキュベーションの最後に20μLの50mMのEDTAを加える。
6.8.6μLのシアン/オレンジ色のローディング色素をチューブに加える。
7.ラダーを調製する。4μLの10bpのラダー、4μLのBlueJuice及び41μLのDI H2Oを希釈する。
8.希釈されたサンプルを沈降させる。
9.10%のTBEゲル上で電気泳動する(100V、4℃で2時間)。
a.ラダーのために5μLを充填する。
b.各ビス(siRNA)サンプルのために12μLを充填する。
10.室温で10分間にわたって50mLの1×TBE及び5μLのSYBR Gold中で染色する。
11.1×TBE中で洗浄し、読み取る。
最後に、本発明の好ましい実施態様を項分け記載する。
少なくとも2つのエフェクター分子を含む多標的分子であって、前記エフェクター分子は、エンドソーム切断可能なリンカー又はプロテアーゼ切断可能なリンカーを介して一緒に連結され、前記リンカーは、炭水化物リンカーであり、前記リンカーは、血液若しくは血清(又は細胞外条件を模倣するように選択されたインビトロ条件下)と比較して、細胞内(又は細胞内条件を模倣するように選択されたインビトロ条件下)で少なくとも1.25倍速く切断される、多標的分子。
少なくとも1つのリガンドは、前記多標的分子とコンジュゲートされる、実施態様1に記載の多標的分子。
前記エフェクター分子は、独立に、siRNA、shRNA、アンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチド、マイクロRNA、抗マイクロRNA又は抗mir、スーパーmir、アンタゴmir、リボザイム、三重鎖形成性オリゴヌクレオチド、デコイオリゴヌクレオチド、スプライススイッチングオリゴヌクレオチド、免疫刺激オリゴヌクレオチド、RNA活性化因子、U1アダプター、CRISPR Cas及びこれらの任意の組合せからなる群から選択される、実施態様1に記載の多標的分子。
前記エフェクター分子が一緒に連結されていない場合と比べてそれぞれ少なくとも75%だけ少なくとも2つの標的核酸の遺伝子発現を調節する、実施態様1に記載の多標的分子。
前記少なくとも2つのエフェクター分子の1つは、第1の標的核酸の遺伝子発現を調節し、及び前記少なくとも2つのエフェクター分子のもう1つは、第2の核酸の遺伝子発現を調節する、実施態様4に記載の多標的分子。
前記第1の標的核酸及び前記第2の標的核酸は、同じである、実施態様5に記載の多標的分子。
前記第1の標的核酸及び前記第2の標的核酸は、同じヌクレオチド配列をターゲティングする、実施態様6に記載の多標的分子。
前記リガンドは、前記少なくとも2つのエフェクター分子の1つの3’末端においてコンジュゲートされる、実施態様1に記載の多標的分子。
前記リガンドは、前記少なくとも2つのエフェクター分子の1つの5’末端においてコンジュゲートされる、実施態様1に記載の多標的分子。
前記第1のエフェクター分子は、第1の二本鎖siRNA分子であり、及び前記第2のエフェクター分子は、第2の二本鎖siRNA分子である、実施態様1に記載の多標的分子。
前記第1のsiRNA分子のセンス鎖は、前記第2のsiRNA分子のセンス鎖に共有結合される、実施態様10に記載の多標的分子。
前記第1のsiRNA分子のセンス鎖は、前記第2のsiRNA分子のアンチセンス鎖に共有結合される、実施態様10に記載の多標的分子。
前記第1のsiRNA分子のアンチセンス鎖は、前記第2のsiRNA分子のアンチセンス鎖に共有結合される、実施態様10に記載の多標的分子。
前記第1及び第2のsiRNAは、独立に、前記第1のsiRNA及び前記第2のsiRNAが前記多標的分子の一部でない場合と比べて少なくとも70%だけそれらのそれぞれの標的核酸の遺伝子発現を調節する、実施態様10~13のいずれかに記載の多標的分子。
前記第1のsiRNAは、第1の標的核酸の遺伝子発現を調節し、及び前記第2のsiRNAは、第2の核酸の遺伝子発現を調節する、実施態様10~14のいずれかに記載の多標的分子。
前記第1の標的核酸及び前記第2の標的核酸は、同じである、実施態様15に記載の多標的分子。
前記第1のsiRNA及び前記第2のsiRNAは、同じ核酸配列をターゲティングする、実施態様16に記載の多標的分子。
前記リガンドは、前記センス鎖の1つとコンジュゲートされる、実施態様10~17のいずれかに記載の多標的分子。
前記リガンドは、前記センス鎖の1つの3’末端においてコンジュゲートされる、実施態様18に記載の多標的分子。
前記リガンドは、前記センス鎖の1つの5’末端においてコンジュゲートされる、実施態様19に記載の多標的分子。
前記リガンドは、前記アンチセンス鎖の1つの3’末端においてコンジュゲートされる、実施態様19に記載の多標的分子。
前記リガンドは、前記アンチセンス鎖の1つの5’末端においてコンジュゲートされる、実施態様19に記載の多標的分子。
修飾ヌクレオシド間結合、修飾核酸塩基、修飾糖及びこれらの任意の組合せからなる群から選択される少なくとも1つの修飾を含む、実施態様10~22のいずれかに記載の多標的分子。
前記少なくとも1つの修飾は、センス鎖又はアンチセンス鎖に含まれる、実施態様23に記載の多標的分子。
エンドソーム切断可能なリンカー又はプロテアーゼ切断可能なリンカーを介してリガンドに結合されたエフェクター分子を含むコンジュゲートであって、前記リンカーは、炭水化物リンカーであり、前記リンカーは、血液若しくは血清(又は細胞外条件を模倣するように選択されたインビトロ条件下)と比較して、細胞内(又は細胞内条件を模倣するように選択されたインビトロ条件下)で少なくとも1.25倍速く切断される、コンジュゲート。
前記エフェクター分子は、siRNA、shRNA、アンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチド、マイクロRNA、抗マイクロRNA又は抗mir、スーパーmir、アンタゴmir、リボザイム、三重鎖形成性オリゴヌクレオチド、デコイオリゴヌクレオチド、スプライススイッチングオリゴヌクレオチド、免疫刺激オリゴヌクレオチド、RNA活性化因子、U1アダプター及びCRISPR Casからなる群から選択される、実施態様26に記載のコンジュゲート。
エンドソーム切断可能なリンカー又はプロテアーゼ切断可能なリンカーを介してリガンドと結合されたエンドソーム作用剤を含むコンジュゲート。
前記リンカーは、図1~6に示されるリンカーから選択される、実施態様26~28のいずれかに記載のコンジュゲート。
図1~6に示されるリンカーから選択されるエンドソーム切断可能なリンカー又はプロテアーゼ切断可能なリンカーを含むプロドラッグ。
Claims (21)
- 少なくとも2つのエフェクター分子を含む分子であって、前記エフェクター分子は、エンドソーム切断可能なリンカーを介して一緒に連結され、
前記エフェクター分子は、独立して、siRNA、shRNA、アンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチド、マイクロRNA、抗マイクロRNA又は抗mir、スーパーmir、アンタゴmir、リボザイム、三重鎖形成性オリゴヌクレオチド、デコイオリゴヌクレオチド、スプライススイッチングオリゴヌクレオチド、免疫刺激オリゴヌクレオチド、RNA活性化因子、U1アダプター、及びこれらの任意の組合せからなる群から選択され、
前記エンドソーム切断可能なリンカーは、1つ又は複数の糖単位を含み、前記糖単位は下記のQ304:
- 前記エンドソーム切断可能なリンカーが2個以上の糖単位を含む、請求項1に記載の分子。
- 前記エンドソーム切断可能なリンカーが1~10個の糖単位を含む、請求項1に記載の分子。
- 前記エンドソーム切断可能なリンカーが2~10個の糖単位を含む、請求項1に記載の分子。
- 前記エンドソーム切断可能なリンカーが2、3、又は4個の糖単位を含む、請求項1に記載の分子。
- 前記糖単位がQ304である、請求項5に記載の分子。
- 前記エンドソーム切断可能なリンカーが、-Q304Q304-、-Q304Q304Q304-、又は-Q304Q304Q304Q304-を含む、請求項1に記載の分子。
- 少なくとも1つのリガンドが該分子とコンジュゲートしている、請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の分子。
- 前記リガンドが、前記少なくとも2つのエフェクター分子のうちの1つの3’末端においてコンジュゲートしている、請求項8に記載の分子。
- 前記リガンドが、前記少なくとも2つのエフェクター分子のうちの1つの5’末端においてコンジュゲートしている、請求項8に記載の分子。
- 前記エフェクター分子は、独立して、siRNA、shRNA、アンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチド、リボザイム及びこれらの任意の組合せからなる群から選択される、請求項1~10のいずれか一項に記載の分子。
- 前記少なくとも2つのエフェクター分子の1つは第1の標的核酸の遺伝子発現を調節し、かつ前記少なくとも2つのエフェクター分子のもう1つは、第2の標的核酸の遺伝子発現を調節する、請求項1~11のいずれか一項に記載の分子。
- 前記第1の標的核酸と前記第2の標的核酸が同じである、請求項12に記載の分子。
- 前記1つのエフェクター分子ともう1つのエフェクター分子とが同じヌクレオチド配列を標的にする、請求項13に記載の分子。
- 前記少なくとも2つのエフェクター分子の1つはセンス鎖及びアンチセンス鎖を含む第1の二本鎖siRNA分子であり、かつ前記少なくとも2つのエフェクター分子のもう1つはセンス鎖及びアンチセンス鎖を含む第2の二本鎖siRNA分子である、請求項1~14のいずれか一項に記載の分子。
- 前記第1のsiRNA分子のセンス鎖が、前記第2のsiRNA分子のセンス鎖に共有結合している、請求項15に記載の分子。
- 前記第1のsiRNA分子のセンス鎖が、前記第2のsiRNA分子のアンチセンス鎖に共有結合している、請求項15に記載の分子。
- 前記第1のsiRNA分子のアンチセンス鎖が、前記第2のsiRNA分子のアンチセンス鎖に共有結合している、請求項15に記載の分子。
- リガンドが前記センス鎖の1つとコンジュゲートしている、請求項15に記載の分子。
- リガンドが前記アンチセンス鎖の1つとコンジュゲートしている、請求項15に記載の分子。
- 修飾ヌクレオシド間結合、修飾核酸塩基、修飾糖及びこれらの任意の組合せからなる群から選択される少なくとも1つの修飾を含む、請求項15~20のいずれか一項に記載の分子。
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US20230257745A1 (en) | 2020-07-10 | 2023-08-17 | Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Circular siRNAs |
EP4367237A2 (en) | 2021-07-09 | 2024-05-15 | Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Bis-rnai compounds for cns delivery |
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JP2015502931A (ja) | 2011-11-18 | 2015-01-29 | アルナイラム ファーマシューティカルズ, インコーポレイテッドAlnylam Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | 修飾RNAi剤 |
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US20220177885A1 (en) | 2022-06-09 |
JP2024052946A (ja) | 2024-04-12 |
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CA3049133A1 (en) | 2018-07-26 |
WO2018136620A3 (en) | 2018-11-08 |
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US11286482B2 (en) | 2022-03-29 |
US20190330630A1 (en) | 2019-10-31 |
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