JP7447839B2 - 尿素水供給システム - Google Patents
尿素水供給システム Download PDFInfo
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- JP7447839B2 JP7447839B2 JP2021018269A JP2021018269A JP7447839B2 JP 7447839 B2 JP7447839 B2 JP 7447839B2 JP 2021018269 A JP2021018269 A JP 2021018269A JP 2021018269 A JP2021018269 A JP 2021018269A JP 7447839 B2 JP7447839 B2 JP 7447839B2
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- WTHDKMILWLGDKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N urea;hydrate Chemical compound O.NC(N)=O WTHDKMILWLGDKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 302
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 41
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 6
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims 6
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 13
- 238000005429 filling process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010531 catalytic reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000069 nitrogen hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
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- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
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- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
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- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
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- F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
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- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
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- F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
- F01N13/0093—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series the purifying devices are of the same type
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- B01D2251/00—Reactants
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- B01D2251/206—Ammonium compounds
- B01D2251/2067—Urea
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2255/00—Catalysts
- B01D2255/90—Physical characteristics of catalysts
- B01D2255/904—Multiple catalysts
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- B01D2255/9045—Multiple catalysts in parallel
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- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/9409—Nitrogen oxides
- B01D53/9431—Processes characterised by a specific device
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- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
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- F01N2560/00—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics
- F01N2560/08—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics the means being a pressure sensor
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- F01N2610/02—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being ammonia or urea
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- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/14—Arrangements for the supply of substances, e.g. conduits
- F01N2610/1406—Storage means for substances, e.g. tanks or reservoirs
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- F01N2610/1433—Pumps
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- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
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- F01N2610/1453—Sprayers or atomisers; Arrangement thereof in the exhaust apparatus
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- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/14—Arrangements for the supply of substances, e.g. conduits
- F01N2610/1453—Sprayers or atomisers; Arrangement thereof in the exhaust apparatus
- F01N2610/146—Control thereof, e.g. control of injectors or injection valves
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- F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
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- F01N2900/1806—Properties of reducing agent or dosing system
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Description
図1に示すように、車両の尿素水供給システム100は、車両に搭載され、車両の排気浄化装置200に適用される。車両は、内燃機関10及び内燃機関10の排気通路20を備える。内燃機関10は、ディーゼルエンジンであっても、ガソリンエンジンであってもよい。
第1実施形態の尿素水供給システム100は、その構成の一部を変更してもよい。ここで、第2実施形態の尿素水供給システム100について説明する。この第2実施形態では、基本構成として、第1実施形態のものを例に説明する。
上記実施形態の構成の一部を、以下のように変更してもよい。
Claims (8)
- 内燃機関(10)の排気通路(20)に設けられ、アンモニアを用いて排気中の窒素酸化物を浄化させる選択還元型の第1の触媒(21)と、第2の触媒(22)とを有する排気浄化装置(200)に用いられ、前記排気通路にアンモニアを生成するための尿素水を供給する尿素水供給システム(100)において、
前記排気通路における前記第1の触媒の上流側に、前記尿素水を供給する第1供給弁(11)と、
前記排気通路における前記第2の触媒の上流側に、前記尿素水を供給する第2供給弁(12)と、
前記尿素水を貯留する尿素水タンク(13)と、
前記尿素水タンクと、前記第1供給弁及び前記第2供給弁のそれぞれとを繋ぐように設けられ、前記尿素水が通過する供給通路(14)と、
前記尿素水タンクから前記供給通路に前記尿素水を圧送するポンプ(15)と、
前記尿素水の圧力値を検出する圧力検出部(16)と、
前記ポンプの駆動制御と前記第1供給弁及び前記第2供給弁の開閉制御とを実施する制御部(30)と、を備え、
前記供給通路は、途中で分岐しており、前記尿素水タンクから分岐点(P1)までに設けられる共通通路(14a)と、前記分岐点から前記第1供給弁までに設けられる第1供給通路(14b)と、前記分岐点から前記第2供給弁までに設けられる第2供給通路(14c)と、を有し、
前記第1供給通路の容積は、前記第2供給通路の容積よりも大きく構成されており、
前記制御部は、前記第2供給弁を閉弁させたまま前記第1供給弁を開弁させるとともに、前記尿素水を圧送するように前記ポンプを駆動させることにより、前記供給通路への尿素水の充填を開始し、その後、前記圧力検出部により検出された圧力値に基づいて、前記第1供給通路内への前記尿素水の充填完了を判定し、前記第1供給弁を閉弁させるものであって、
前記制御部は、前記第1供給弁を閉弁させた後、所定時間の経過後に、前記第2供給弁を開弁させ、前記第2供給通路内への尿素水の充填を開始させる尿素水供給システム。 - 前記所定時間は、前記第1供給通路と前記第2供給通路との容量差に基づいて設定されている請求項1に記載の尿素水供給システム。
- 前記所定時間は、前記尿素水の温度に応じて変更される請求項1又は2に記載の尿素水供給システム。
- 前記制御部は、前記第1供給弁の開弁後、前記圧力検出部により検出された前記尿素水の圧力値が第1閾値(Th1)以上の場合、前記第1供給弁を閉弁させ、前記第2供給弁の開弁後、前記圧力検出部により検出された前記尿素水の圧力値が第2閾値(Th2)より大きい場合、前記第2供給弁を閉弁させるように構成されており、
前記第2閾値は、前記第1閾値以上の値である請求項1~3のうちいずれか1項に記載の尿素水供給システム。 - 内燃機関(10)の排気通路(20)に設けられ、アンモニアを用いて排気中の窒素酸化物を浄化させる選択還元型の第1の触媒(21)と、第2の触媒(22)とを有する排気浄化装置(200)に用いられ、前記排気通路にアンモニアを生成するための尿素水を供給する尿素水供給システム(100)において、
前記排気通路における前記第1の触媒の上流側に、前記尿素水を供給する第1供給弁(11)と、
前記排気通路における前記第2の触媒の上流側に、前記尿素水を供給する第2供給弁(12)と、
前記尿素水を貯留する尿素水タンク(13)と、
前記尿素水タンクと、前記第1供給弁及び前記第2供給弁のそれぞれとを繋ぐように設けられ、前記尿素水が通過する供給通路(14)と、
前記尿素水タンクから前記供給通路に前記尿素水を圧送するポンプ(15)と、
前記尿素水の圧力値を検出する圧力検出部(16)と、
前記ポンプの駆動制御と前記第1供給弁及び前記第2供給弁の開閉制御とを実施する制御部(30)と、を備え、
前記供給通路は、途中で分岐しており、前記尿素水タンクから分岐点(P1)までに設けられる共通通路(14a)と、前記分岐点から前記第1供給弁までに設けられる第1供給通路(14b)と、前記分岐点から前記第2供給弁までに設けられる第2供給通路(14c)と、を有し、
前記第1供給通路の容積は、前記第2供給通路の容積よりも大きく構成されており、
前記制御部は、前記第2供給弁を閉弁させたまま前記第1供給弁を開弁させるとともに、前記尿素水を圧送するように前記ポンプを駆動させることにより、前記供給通路への尿素水の充填を開始し、その後、前記圧力検出部により検出された圧力値に基づいて、前記第1供給通路内への前記尿素水の充填完了を判定し、前記第1供給弁を閉弁させるものであって、
前記制御部は、前記第1供給弁の開弁後、前記圧力検出部により検出された前記尿素水の圧力値が第1閾値(Th1)以上の場合、前記第1供給弁を閉弁させ、前記第2供給弁の開弁後、前記圧力検出部により検出された前記尿素水の圧力値が第2閾値(Th2)より大きい場合、前記第2供給弁を閉弁させるように構成されており、
前記第2閾値は、前記第1閾値以上の値である尿素水供給システム。 - 前記制御部は、前記第1供給弁の開弁後、前記圧力検出部により検出された前記尿素水の圧力変動量が第1閾値(Th11)以上の場合、前記第1供給弁を閉弁させ、前記第2供給弁の開弁後、前記圧力検出部により検出された前記尿素水の圧力変動量が第2閾値(Th12)より大きい場合、前記第2供給弁を閉弁させるように構成されており、
前記第2閾値は、前記第1閾値よりも大きい値である請求項1~3のうちいずれか1項に記載の尿素水供給システム。 - 内燃機関(10)の排気通路(20)に設けられ、アンモニアを用いて排気中の窒素酸化物を浄化させる選択還元型の第1の触媒(21)と、第2の触媒(22)とを有する排気浄化装置(200)に用いられ、前記排気通路にアンモニアを生成するための尿素水を供給する尿素水供給システム(100)において、
前記排気通路における前記第1の触媒の上流側に、前記尿素水を供給する第1供給弁(11)と、
前記排気通路における前記第2の触媒の上流側に、前記尿素水を供給する第2供給弁(12)と、
前記尿素水を貯留する尿素水タンク(13)と、
前記尿素水タンクと、前記第1供給弁及び前記第2供給弁のそれぞれとを繋ぐように設けられ、前記尿素水が通過する供給通路(14)と、
前記尿素水タンクから前記供給通路に前記尿素水を圧送するポンプ(15)と、
前記尿素水の圧力値を検出する圧力検出部(16)と、
前記ポンプの駆動制御と前記第1供給弁及び前記第2供給弁の開閉制御とを実施する制御部(30)と、を備え、
前記供給通路は、途中で分岐しており、前記尿素水タンクから分岐点(P1)までに設けられる共通通路(14a)と、前記分岐点から前記第1供給弁までに設けられる第1供給通路(14b)と、前記分岐点から前記第2供給弁までに設けられる第2供給通路(14c)と、を有し、
前記第1供給通路の容積は、前記第2供給通路の容積よりも大きく構成されており、
前記制御部は、前記第2供給弁を閉弁させたまま前記第1供給弁を開弁させるとともに、前記尿素水を圧送するように前記ポンプを駆動させることにより、前記供給通路への尿素水の充填を開始し、その後、前記圧力検出部により検出された圧力値に基づいて、前記第1供給通路内への前記尿素水の充填完了を判定し、前記第1供給弁を閉弁させるものであって、
前記制御部は、前記第1供給弁の開弁後、前記圧力検出部により検出された前記尿素水の圧力変動量が第1閾値(Th11)以上の場合、前記第1供給弁を閉弁させ、前記第2供給弁の開弁後、前記圧力検出部により検出された前記尿素水の圧力変動量が第2閾値(Th12)より大きい場合、前記第2供給弁を閉弁させるように構成されており、
前記第2閾値は、前記第1閾値よりも大きい値である尿素水供給システム。 - 前記第1閾値及び前記第2閾値のうち少なくともいずれか一方は、前記尿素水の温度及び前記尿素水の濃度のうち少なくともいずれか一方の値に応じて変更される請求項4~7のうちいずれか1項に記載の尿素水供給システム。
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