JP7436206B2 - 細菌感染症を処置する方法 - Google Patents
細菌感染症を処置する方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7436206B2 JP7436206B2 JP2019537269A JP2019537269A JP7436206B2 JP 7436206 B2 JP7436206 B2 JP 7436206B2 JP 2019537269 A JP2019537269 A JP 2019537269A JP 2019537269 A JP2019537269 A JP 2019537269A JP 7436206 B2 JP7436206 B2 JP 7436206B2
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- meropenem
- vaborbactam
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- 206010034674 peritonitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000002085 persistent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003285 pharmacodynamic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000144 pharmacologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- NONJJLVGHLVQQM-JHXYUMNGSA-N phenethicillin Chemical compound N([C@@H]1C(N2[C@H](C(C)(C)S[C@@H]21)C(O)=O)=O)C(=O)C(C)OC1=CC=CC=C1 NONJJLVGHLVQQM-JHXYUMNGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004894 pheneticillin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960003742 phenol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- BPLBGHOLXOTWMN-MBNYWOFBSA-N phenoxymethylpenicillin Chemical compound N([C@H]1[C@H]2SC([C@@H](N2C1=O)C(O)=O)(C)C)C(=O)COC1=CC=CC=C1 BPLBGHOLXOTWMN-MBNYWOFBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BBTOYUUSUQNIIY-ANPZCEIESA-N phenoxymethylpenicillin benzathine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C[NH2+]CC[NH2+]CC1=CC=CC=C1.N([C@H]1[C@H]2SC([C@@H](N2C1=O)C([O-])=O)(C)C)C(=O)COC1=CC=CC=C1.N([C@H]1[C@H]2SC([C@@H](N2C1=O)C([O-])=O)(C)C)C(=O)COC1=CC=CC=C1 BBTOYUUSUQNIIY-ANPZCEIESA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003342 pivampicillin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ZEMIJUDPLILVNQ-ZXFNITATSA-N pivampicillin Chemical compound C1([C@@H](N)C(=O)N[C@H]2[C@@H]3N(C2=O)[C@H](C(S3)(C)C)C(=O)OCOC(=O)C(C)(C)C)=CC=CC=C1 ZEMIJUDPLILVNQ-ZXFNITATSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004212 pivmecillinam Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920001983 poloxamer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 102000040430 polynucleotide Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108091033319 polynucleotide Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000002157 polynucleotide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000010482 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001184 polypeptide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004804 polysaccharides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000136 polysorbate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000053 polysorbate 80 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019422 polyvinyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 208000024896 potassium deficiency disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 159000000001 potassium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 150000003141 primary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 229940095783 procaine benzylpenicillin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000069 prophylactic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011321 prophylaxis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960003672 propicillin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- HOCWPKXKMNXINF-XQERAMJGSA-N propicillin Chemical compound N([C@@H]1C(N2[C@H](C(C)(C)S[C@@H]21)C(O)=O)=O)C(=O)C(CC)OC1=CC=CC=C1 HOCWPKXKMNXINF-XQERAMJGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019260 propionic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013772 propylene glycol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 229940007042 proteus vulgaris Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940107700 pyruvic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XFGOMLIRJYURLQ-GOKYHWASSA-N razupenem Chemical compound C=1([C@H](C)[C@@H]2[C@H](C(N2C=1C(O)=O)=O)[C@H](O)C)SC(SC=1)=NC=1C1=C[C@H](C)NC1 XFGOMLIRJYURLQ-GOKYHWASSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 150000003335 secondary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008159 sesame oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011803 sesame oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940007046 shigella dysenteriae Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940115939 shigella sonnei Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019812 sodium carboxymethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001027 sodium carboxymethylcellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000010267 sodium hydrogen sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- YNJORDSKPXMABC-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-hydroxypropane-2-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CC(C)(O)S([O-])(=O)=O YNJORDSKPXMABC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940037649 staphylococcus haemolyticus Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008223 sterile water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002784 stomach Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229940031000 streptococcus pneumoniae Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000007920 subcutaneous administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229960004932 sulbenicillin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229950000153 sulopenem Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003765 sweetening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012385 systemic delivery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960002780 talampicillin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- SOROUYSPFADXSN-SUWVAFIASA-N talampicillin Chemical compound C1([C@@H](N)C(=O)N[C@H]2[C@H]3SC([C@@H](N3C2=O)C(=O)OC2C3=CC=CC=C3C(=O)O2)(C)C)=CC=CC=C1 SOROUYSPFADXSN-SUWVAFIASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SNUDIPVBUUXCDG-QHSBEEBCSA-N tebipenem pivoxil Chemical compound C=1([C@H](C)[C@@H]2[C@H](C(N2C=1C(=O)OCOC(=O)C(C)(C)C)=O)[C@H](O)C)SC(C1)CN1C1=NCCS1 SNUDIPVBUUXCDG-QHSBEEBCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960001114 temocillin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- BVCKFLJARNKCSS-DWPRYXJFSA-N temocillin Chemical compound N([C@]1(OC)C(N2[C@H](C(C)(C)S[C@@H]21)C(O)=O)=O)C(=O)C(C(O)=O)C=1C=CSC=1 BVCKFLJARNKCSS-DWPRYXJFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940124597 therapeutic agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 206010043554 thrombocytopenia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229960004659 ticarcillin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- OHKOGUYZJXTSFX-KZFFXBSXSA-N ticarcillin Chemical compound C=1([C@@H](C(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@H]2[C@H]3SC([C@@H](N3C2=O)C(O)=O)(C)C)C=CSC=1 OHKOGUYZJXTSFX-KZFFXBSXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VAMSVIZLXJOLHZ-QWFSEIHXSA-N tigemonam Chemical compound O=C1N(OS(O)(=O)=O)C(C)(C)[C@@H]1NC(=O)C(=N/OCC(O)=O)\C1=CSC(N)=N1 VAMSVIZLXJOLHZ-QWFSEIHXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229950010206 tigemonam Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000000451 tissue damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000827 tissue damage Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229950003816 tomopenem Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000012929 tonicity agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012049 topical pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000010487 tragacanth Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000196 tragacanth Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940116362 tragacanth Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000013638 trimer Substances 0.000 description 1
- YFTHZRPMJXBUME-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripropylamine Chemical compound CCCN(CCC)CCC YFTHZRPMJXBUME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100000397 ulcer Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000002562 urinalysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001635 urinary tract Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 230000003519 ventilatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001018 virulence Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008673 vomiting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940126085 β‑Lactamase Inhibitor Drugs 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/38—Heterocyclic compounds having sulfur as a ring hetero atom
- A61K31/381—Heterocyclic compounds having sulfur as a ring hetero atom having five-membered rings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/69—Boron compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P13/00—Drugs for disorders of the urinary system
- A61P13/02—Drugs for disorders of the urinary system of urine or of the urinary tract, e.g. urine acidifiers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/40—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. sulpiride, succinimide, tolmetin, buflomedil
- A61K31/407—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. sulpiride, succinimide, tolmetin, buflomedil condensed with other heterocyclic ring systems, e.g. ketorolac, physostigmine
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
- A61K9/0019—Injectable compositions; Intramuscular, intravenous, arterial, subcutaneous administration; Compositions to be administered through the skin in an invasive manner
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P13/00—Drugs for disorders of the urinary system
- A61P13/12—Drugs for disorders of the urinary system of the kidneys
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
- A61P31/04—Antibacterial agents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2300/00—Mixtures or combinations of active ingredients, wherein at least one active ingredient is fully defined in groups A61K31/00 - A61K41/00
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Communicable Diseases (AREA)
- Oncology (AREA)
- Dermatology (AREA)
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- Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
- Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
Description
本出願は、2017年1月9日に出願した米国仮出願第62/444,238号、及び、2017年6月1日に出願した第62/513,936号の優先権の恩典を主張するものであり、両出願の全内容を、本明細書の一部を構成するものとして援用する。
本出願は、契約番号HHSO100201400002Cの下で、Department of Health and Human Servicesから拠出された、政府支援を受けて行った。我が政府は、本出願に対して一定の権利を有し得る。
本出願の実施形態は、治療剤としての抗菌化合物、組成物、それらの使用及び調製に関する。
[本発明1001]
その必要がある対象における複雑性尿路感染症(cUTI)または急性腎盂腎炎(AP)を処置または改善する方法であって、ある量のバボルバクタムまたはその薬学的に許容される塩と、ある量のメロペネムとの組み合わせを、前記対象に投与することを含む、前記方法。
[本発明1002]
前記対象が、cUTIに罹患している、本発明1001の方法。
[本発明1003]
前記対象が、APに罹患している、本発明1001の方法。
[本発明1004]
前記対象が、併発性菌血症にも罹患している、本発明1001~1003のいずれかの方法。
[本発明1005]
前記投与が、少なくとも5日間継続される、本発明1001~1004のいずれかの方法。
[本発明1006]
前記対象が、雌性である、本発明1001~1005のいずれかの方法。
[本発明1007]
前記対象が、40mL/分以上のクレアチニンクリアランス速度を有する、本発明1001~1006のいずれかの方法。
[本発明1008]
前記対象が、30mL/分以上のクレアチニンクリアランス速度を有する、本発明1001~1006のいずれかの方法。
[本発明1009]
前記対象が、3以上のチャールソン併存疾患スコアを有する、本発明1001~1008のいずれかの方法。
[本発明1010]
前記対象が、全身性炎症反応症候群(SIRS)を有する、本発明1001~1008のいずれかの方法。
[本発明1011]
cUTIまたはAPの処置において、ピペラシリンとタゾバクタムとの組み合わせで処置した対象と比較して、高い成功率をもたらす、本発明1001~1010のいずれかの方法。
[本発明1012]
その必要がある対象における複雑性尿路感染症(cUTI)または急性腎盂腎炎(AP)を処置または改善する方法であって、
cUTIまたはAPにも罹患している、全身性炎症反応症候群(SIRS)を有する対象を、処置のために選択すること、及び
ある量のバボルバクタムまたはその薬学的に許容される塩と、ある量のメロペネムとの組み合わせを、前記対象に投与すること
を含む、前記方法。
[本発明1013]
前記対象が、処置の時点で、以下のうちの1つまたは複数の特徴を有する、本発明1012の方法:
36℃未満もしくは38℃超の体温、90bpmを超える心拍数、20回/分を超える呼吸数、4.3kPa(32mmHg)未満の二酸化炭素の動脈分圧、12,000細胞/mm 3 超もしくは4,000細胞/mm 3 未満の白血球数、または10%超の未熟好中球の存在。
[本発明1014]
その必要がある対象における複雑性尿路感染症(cUTI)または急性腎盂腎炎(AP)を処置または改善する方法であって、
cUTIまたはAPにも罹患している、3以上のチャールソン併存疾患スコアを有する対象を、処置のために選択すること、及び
ある量のバボルバクタムまたはその薬学的に許容される塩と、ある量のメロペネムとの組み合わせを、前記対象に投与すること
を含む、前記方法。
[本発明1015]
前記対象が、併発性菌血症にも罹患している、本発明1012~1014のいずれかの方法。
[本発明1016]
前記投与が、少なくとも5日間継続される、本発明1012~1015のいずれかの方法。
[本発明1017]
前記対象が、40mL/分以上のクレアチニンクリアランス速度を有する、本発明1012~1016のいずれかの方法。
[本発明1018]
前記対象が、30mL/分以上のクレアチニンクリアランス速度を有する、本発明1012~1017のいずれかの方法。
[本発明1019]
cUTIまたはAPの処置において、ピペラシリンとタゾバクタムとの組み合わせで処置した対象と比較して、高い成功率をもたらす、本発明1012~1018のいずれかの方法。
[本発明1020]
前記cUTIまたはAPが、大腸菌(E.coli)、肺炎桿菌(K. pneumoniae)、エンテロコッカス・フェカリス(Enterococcus faecalis)、プロテウス・ミラビリス(Proteus mirabilis)、エンテロバクター・クロアカ種複合体(Enterobacter cloacae species complex)、及び緑膿菌(P.aeruginosa)、またはこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択されるベースライン病原体に起因している、本発明1001~1019のいずれかの方法。
[本発明1021]
その必要がある対象におけるカルバペネム耐性腸内細菌科(CRE)に起因する重篤な感染症を処置または改善する方法であって、
少なくとも7日間の抗生物質の静脈内処置を必要とするCRE感染症を有する対象を、処置のために選択すること、及び
ある量のバボルバクタムまたはその薬学的に許容される塩と、ある量のメロペネムとの組み合わせを、前記対象に投与すること
を含む、前記方法。
[本発明1022]
前記CRE感染症が、cUTI、AP、cIAI、HABP、VABP、及び菌血症、ならびにそれらの組み合わせからなる群より選択される、本発明1021の方法。
[本発明1023]
前記CRE感染の処置において、利用可能な最善の療法で処置した対象と比較して、有害事象が少ない、本発明1021または1022の方法。
[本発明1024]
前記CRE感染の処置において、利用可能な最善の療法で処置した対象と比較して、高い成功率をもたらす、本発明1021~1023のいずれかの方法。
[本発明1025]
前記利用可能な最善の療法が、シプロフロキサシン、ポリミキシンB、コリスチン、アミカシン、メロペネム、ゲンタマイシン、エルタペネム、チゲサイクリン、及びセフタジジム-アビバクタム、ならびにそれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される、本発明1023または1024の方法。
[本発明1026]
前記対象が、3以上のチャールソン併存疾患スコアを有する、本発明1021~1025のいずれかの方法。
[本発明1027]
前記対象が、5以上のチャールソン併存疾患スコアを有する、本発明1021~1026のいずれかの方法。
[本発明1028]
前記対象が、全身性炎症反応症候群(SIRS)を有する、本発明1021~1025のいずれかの方法。
[本発明1029]
バボルバクタムまたはその薬学的に許容される塩の前記量が、約2gである、本発明1001~1028のいずれかの方法。
[本発明1030]
メロペネムの前記量が、約2gである、本発明1001~1029のいずれかの方法。
[本発明1031]
前記組み合わせが、少なくとも1日1回投与される、本発明1001~1030のいずれかの方法。
[本発明1032]
前記組み合わせが、8時間毎に投与される、本発明1031の方法。
[本発明1033]
前記投与が、静脈内注入によるものである、本発明1001~1032のいずれかの方法。
[本発明1034]
前記静脈内注入が、約3時間で完了する、本発明1033の方法。
[本発明1035]
バボルバクタムまたはその薬学的に許容される塩が、メロペネムの前または後に投与される、本発明1001~1034のいずれかの方法。
[本発明1036]
バボルバクタムまたはその薬学的に許容される塩と、メロペネムとが、単一剤形中にある、本発明1001~1034のいずれかの方法。
[本発明1037]
抗菌剤、抗真菌剤、抗ウイルス剤、抗炎症剤、及び抗アレルギー剤、ならびにそれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される1つまたは複数の追加の薬物を投与することをさらに含む、本発明1001~1036のいずれかの方法。
メロペネム-バボルバクタムは、承認を受けたカルバペネムであるメロペネムと、新たな新規化学クラスのβラクタマーゼ阻害剤であるバボルバクタムとの、βラクタム系抗生物質の組み合わせである。メロペネムは、注射可能な広域スペクトルのカルバペネム系抗生物質であり、重症感染症の処置に20年以上にわたって世界中で使用されており、そして、有効性、安全性、及び忍容性が高いと考えられている。メロペネムの活性スペクトルには、数多くのグラム陽性細菌、グラム陰性細菌、及び嫌気性細菌が含まれている。バボルバクタムは、新たな新規化学クラスのβラクタマーゼ阻害剤であり、クラスAのセリンカルバペネマーゼ、特に、KPCの強力な阻害に最適化されている。バボルバクタムは、インビトロ、及び、感染症の前臨床モデルにおいて、KPC産生CREに対するカルバペネムの活性を回復させる。
本明細書で使用している一般的な基本略語を、以下のように定義する。
AE 有害事象
AP 急性腎盂腎炎
AUC 濃度-時間曲線下面積
BAT 利用可能な最善の療法
BMI 肥満度指数
BUN 血中尿素窒素
CI 信頼区間
cIAI 複雑性腹腔内感染症
CL クリアランス
Cmax 最大血漿中濃度
CrCl クレアチニンクリアランス
CRE カルバペネム耐性腸内細菌科
cUTI 複雑性尿路感染症
E.coli 大腸菌
EOIVT 静脈処置の終了
EOT 処置の終了
ESBL 拡大スペクトルβラクタマーゼ
h 時間
HABP 院内感染性細菌性肺炎
ITT 治療企図
IV 静脈内
K.pneumoniae 肺炎桿菌
KPC 肺炎桿菌カルバペネマーゼ
LCE 白血球エステラーゼ
LLN 正常下限
LTAC 長期急性期医療
ME 微生物学的評価可能
MIC 最小発育阻止濃度
Min 分
MITT 修正治療企図
m-MITT 微生物学的修正治療企図
M-V メロペネム-バボルバクタム
P 持続性
PaCO2 二酸化炭素の動脈分圧
PCS 潜在的臨床的有意性
PD 薬力学
PK 薬物動態
PMN 多形核白血球
P-T ピペラシリン/タゾバクタム
q8h 8時間毎に
q24h 24時間に1回
qd 毎日1回
SAE 重篤な有害事象
SD 標準偏差
SIRS 全身性炎症反応症候群
t1/2 半減期
TEAE 治療下で発現した有害事象
TOC 治癒試験
Tmax 最大血漿中濃度到達時間
ULN 正常上限
UTI 尿路感染症
VABP 人工呼吸器感染性細菌性肺炎
1:心筋梗塞、鬱血性心不全、末梢血管疾患、認知症、脳血管疾患、慢性肺疾患、結合組織病、潰瘍、慢性肝疾患、糖尿病。
2:片麻痺、中等度または重度の腎臓病、末梢臓器障害を伴う糖尿病、腫瘍、白血病、リンパ腫。
3:中等度または重度の肝疾患。
本開示の幾つかの実施形態は、尿路感染症(UTI)または急性腎盂腎炎(AP)を処置する方法であって、ある量のバボルバクタムまたはその薬学的に許容される塩と、ある量のメロペネムとの組み合わせを、その必要がある対象に投与することを含む方法に関する。
本明細書に記載したバボルバクタム及びカルバペネム系化合物のメロペネムを含む組成物は、様々な細菌感染症を処置するために使用することができる。幾つかの実施形態では、これらの組成物は、複雑性尿路感染症(cUTI)または急性腎盂腎炎(AP)など、これらに限定されないが、細菌感染症に起因する障害または病態を治療するために使用し得る。幾つかのさらなる実施形態では、これらの組成物は、重症グラム陰性感染症、例えば、cUTI/AP、複雑性腹腔内感染症(cIAI)、院内感染性細菌性肺炎(HABP)、人工呼吸器感染性細菌性肺炎(VABP)、及びカルバペネム耐性腸内細菌科(CRE)に起因することが疑われるまたはそれが分かっている菌血症などの、CREに起因する重度の感染症を処置するために使用し得る。バボルバクタムとメロペネムとの組み合わせで処置できる細菌感染症は、広範囲の細菌を含むことができる。微生物の例として、ブドウ球菌(Staphylococcus)、乳酸桿菌(Lactobacillus)、連鎖球菌(Streptococcus)、八連球菌(Sarcina)、エシェリキア(Escherichia)、エンテロバクター(Enterobacter)、クレブシエラ(Klebsiella)、シュードモナス(Pseudomonas)、アシネトバクター(Acinetobacter)、マイコバクテリウム(Mycobacterium)、プロテウス(Proteus)、カンピロバクター(Campylobacter)、シトロバクター(Citrobacter)、ナイセリア(Nisseria)、バチルス(Baccillus)、バクテロイデス(Bacteroides)、ペプトコッカス(Peptococcus)、クロストリジウム(Clostridium)、サルモネラ(Salmonella)、シゲラ(Shigella)、セラチア(Serratia)、ヘモフィルス(Haemophilus)、ブルセラ(Brucella)、及びその他の微生物など、グラム陽性細菌、グラム陰性細菌、好気性及び嫌気性細菌が挙げられる。
幾つかの実施形態は、(a)安全かつ治療有効量のバボルバクタム、またはその対応するエナンチオマー、ジアステレオ異性体、もしくは互変異性体、または薬学的に許容される塩、(b)メロペネム、及び(c)薬学的に許容される担体を含む、医薬組成物を含む。
幾つかの実施形態は、バボルバクタムとカルバペネム系抗菌剤のメロペネムとを含むキットを含む。幾つかの実施形態では、これらのキットは、静脈内投与のために使用する。
実施例1は、cUTIまたはAPを有する成人の処置における、ピペラシリン/タゾバクタムと比較した、メロペネム-バボルバクタムの有効性、安全性、及び忍容性についての第III相、多施設共同、二重盲検、二重ダミー、無作為化、並行群間試験の臨床試験の概要を示す。
治験に採用するにあたって、対象は、年齢が≧18歳の男性または女性であること、体重が≦185kgであること、対象のcUTIまたはAPが、少なくとも5日間のIV抗生物質による初期治療を要したこと、などの特定の基準を満たすことが必要であった。あらゆる留置型尿道カテーテルまたは器具類(腎瘻造設術用チューブ及び/または留置型ステントを含む)は、無作為化の前、または可及的速やかに、ただし、無作為化後12時間以内に、除去または交換(除去が、臨床的に許容できない場合)する。
AE=副作用、AP=急性腎盂腎炎、cUTI=複雑性尿路感染症、EOIVT=静脈的処置の終了、EOT=処置の終了、IV=静脈的、LFU=後期追跡調査、TOC=治癒試験。
FDAにおけるプライマリー有効性エンドポイントは、EOIVT診察時に、概ねの成功(臨床的治癒、または、ベースライン病原体を、<104CFU/mlにまで改善または根絶すること)を達成した、微生物学的修正治療企図(m-MITT)集団における対象の割合であった。EMAにおけるプライマリー有効性エンドポイントは、TOCの診察時に、根絶の微生物学的転帰(すなわち、<103CFU/mLにまで減少したベースライン細菌性病原体)を達成した、コプライマリーm-MITT集団及び微生物学的評価可能(ME)集団における対象の割合であった。両側95%CIの下限が-15%を超えていれば、FDAとEMAの両方のプライマリーエンドポイントについて非劣性である、と結論付けられる。
臨床的転帰(すなわち、治癒または改善)及び微生物学的転帰(根絶/推定根絶)の複合エンドポイントであるm-MITT集団におけるEOIVTでの全体的な成功は、FDAのプライマリー有効性エンドポイントについては、非劣性であった。メロペネム-バボルバクタム群(98.4%)の方が、ピペラシリン/タゾバクタム群(94.0%)よりも高い割合の対象において全体的な成功が認められ、治療差は4.5%、95%CIは(0.7%、9.1%)であった(表5A)。95%CIの下限は、予め指定された非劣性マージンの-15%より大きいので、メロペネム-バボルバクタムは、ピペラシリン/タゾバクタムよりも劣っていない。さらに、95%CIの下限はまた0%を超えているので、メロペネム-バボルバクタムは、ピペラシリン/タゾバクタムよりも優れている。
SIRS及びチャールソン併存疾患スコア
サブグループ(mITT集団)によるEOIVTでの超過成功率のフォレストプロットを、表6A及び6Bにまとめてある。メロペネム-バボルバクタム群及びピペラシリン/タゾバクタム群では、FDAのプライマリー有効性エンドポイントである、EOIVTでの全体的な成功について、年齢、性別、腎機能(各群に1名の対象しかいなかったため、CrClを<30mL/分としたことを除く)、糖尿病の状態、SIRSの状態、チャールソン併存疾患のスコア、及び地理的領域に基づくサブグループについて、一貫した治療効果が認められた。EOIVTでの全体的な成功率は、非菌血症の患者での双方の群で同様であった。
ベースラインの菌血症を有する対象の試験薬物曝露を表7にまとめており、また、m-MITT集団の菌血症を有する患者のベースライン特性を以下の表8に示す。このm-MITT群では、ベースライン時のM-V及びP-T対象の菌血症状態は類似しており、M-V群では併発性菌血症は、6.3%(12/192)であり、そして、P-T群では、8.2%(15/182)であった。菌血症を有する対象の大半は、APを有していた(M-V群で92%[11/12]、P-T群で、60%[9/15])。大腸菌は、菌血症患者の血液や尿の培養物に認められる最も一般的なベースライン病原体であった。m-MITT集団でのベースラインにて併発性菌血症を有する対象において示されたその他のベースライン病原体は、肺炎桿菌及びP.ミラビリス(P.Mirabilis)を含む。
曝露=試験薬の最終投与日-試験薬の初回投与日+1、暦日を使用する。
注記:IV投与は、11日目に行い得る。
M-V、メロペネム-バボルバクタム。P-T、ピペラシリン-タゾバクタム。
注記:血液培養由来のデータだけを掲載している。Nは、特定の抗菌剤で処置したベースラインの菌血症を有する対象において回収した分離株の数のことを指す。*分離株の数が1に等しい場合(N=1)、個々のMIC値を提供する。N=2の場合、当該中央MIC値を提供する。**2種以上の分離株を有するベースライン病原体について、範囲を記載する。
実施例2は、cUTI/AP、複雑性腹腔内感症症(cIAI)、院内感染性肺炎(HABP)、人工呼吸器感染性細菌性肺炎(VABP)、及び、カルバペネム耐性腸内細菌科(CRE)によって引き起こされることが疑われるまたはそれが分かっている菌血症などの、CREに起因する選択された重篤な感染症を有する対象における、メロペネム-バボルバクタム 対 利用可能な最善の療法(BAT)の第III相、多施設共同、無作為化、非盲検試験の臨床試験を説明する。
安全性パラメータとして、有害事象(AE)、臨床検査パラメータ(血液学、化学、及び尿検査)、バイタルサイン(血圧、心拍数、及び呼吸数)、心電図(ECG)、及びメロペネムラベルの警告表示と注意表示に記載されているAEに基づいたAEの特定の関心事項である、過敏症、発作、クロストリジウム・ディフィシル関連下痢(CDAD)などが挙げられる。
すべての適応症にわたる、cUTI/APの対象のみにおける、及び、菌血症の対象のみにおける、治験責任医師による感染の徴候及び症状の評価に基づいた、EOT及びTOCでの治癒の臨床転帰を有する対象の割合。
cUTI/APの対象のみにおける、及び、菌血症の対象のみにおける、Food and Drug Administration(FDA)、及び、European Medicines Agency(EMA)のコロニー形成単位(CFU)/mL基準(それぞれ、<104 CFU/尿1mL、及び、<103 CFU/尿1mL)の双方による、EOT及びTOCにて微生物学的根絶を示す対象の割合。
cUTI/APの対象のみにおける、及び、菌血症の対象のみにおける、EOT及びTOCにて臨床的治癒と微生物学的根絶との複合エンドポイントを示して、全体的な成功を達成した対象の割合。
28日目でのすべての死因での死亡率。このエンドポイントでは、HABP/VABP対象の死亡率データを、菌血症を有する対象のデータと組み合わせた。
合計で41名の対象を無作為化し、25名は、メロペネム-バボルバクタム群、16名は、BAT群であった。無作為化した41名の対象の内、39名は、少なくとも1回、治験薬の投与を受けた(MITT集団):23名は、メロペネム-バボルバクタム群、16名は、BAT群。このMITT集団におけるメロペネム-バボルバクタム群及びBAT群の39名の対象は、cUTIまたはAPを有する23名の対象(それぞれ、15名及び8名の対象)、菌血症を有する12名の対象(それぞれ、7名及び5名の対象)、HABP/VABPを有する5名の対象(それぞれ、3名及び2名の対象)、及び、cIAIを有する1名の対象(BAT)を含んでいた。これら対象の大多数が、メロペネム-バボルバクタム群(65.2%)及びBAT(68.8%)群で試験治療を完了した。
暫定的な解析では、メロペネム-バボルバクタムとBATとでは、それらのAEプロファイルは類似している。AEを有する対象の割合は、メロペネム-バボルバクタム群とBAT群とでは、同様であった(それぞれ、87.0%及び87.5%)。両群で最も多かったAEは、下痢及び敗血症/敗血症性ショックであった。下痢は、同程度の割合の対象で、メロペネム-バボルバクタム(13.0%)及びBAT群(18.8%)において報告があった。敗血症/敗血症性ショックの対象の割合は、BAT群(31.3%)と比較して、メロペネム-バボルバクタム群(8.7%)の方が低いとの報告があった。RIFLE基準で定義された急性腎障害は、メロペネム-バボルバクタム群の対象では認められなかったが、BAT群では2名の対象(12.5%)が該当した。
集団全体における治癒率は、EOTではBAT群と比較して、メロペネム-バボルバクタム群の方が高く、また、TOCでは両群で同様であった(表11を参照されたい)。全集団における28日目でのすべての死因での死亡率は、両群で同様であった。
1BAT群の対象の60%が、カルバペネムを含むレジメンで処置を受け、そして、50.0%が、コリスチンまたはポリミキシンBまたはアミノグリコシドを含むレジメンで処置を受けた。
Claims (14)
- ある量のバボルバクタムまたはその薬学的に許容される塩を含む、対象における複雑性尿路感染症(cUTI)または急性腎盂腎炎(AP)を処置または改善するための医薬組成物であって、ある量のメロペネムと組み合わせて前記対象に投与され、前記対象がcUTIまたはAPに罹患しており、前記対象が、3以上のチャールソン併存疾患スコアを有する、前記医薬組成物。
- 前記対象が、雌性である、請求項1に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記対象が、全身性炎症反応症候群(SIRS)を有する、請求項1~2のいずれか1項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記対象が全身性炎症反応症候群(SIRS)を有し、cUTIまたはAPにも罹患している、請求項1に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記対象が、処置の時点で、以下のうちの1つまたは複数の特徴を有する、請求項4に記載の医薬組成物:
36℃未満もしくは38℃超の体温、90bpmを超える心拍数、20回/分を超える呼吸数、4.3kPa(32mmHg)未満の二酸化炭素の動脈分圧、12,000細胞/mm3超もしくは4,000細胞/mm3未満の白血球数、または10%超の未熟好中球の存在。 - 前記対象が、併発性菌血症にも罹患している、請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の医薬組成物。
- バボルバクタムまたはその薬学的に許容される塩とメロペネムの投与が、少なくとも5日間継続される、請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記対象が、30mL/分以上、または40mL/分以上のクレアチニンクリアランス速度を有する、請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載の医薬組成物。
- cUTIまたはAPの処置において、ピペラシリンとタゾバクタムとの組み合わせで処置した対象と比較して、高い成功率をもたらす、請求項1~8のいずれか1項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記cUTIまたはAPが、大腸菌(E.coli)、肺炎桿菌(K. pneumoniae)、エンテロコッカス・フェカリス(Enterococcus faecalis)、プロテウス・ミラビリス(Proteus mirabilis)、エンテロバクター・クロアカ種複合体(Enterobacter cloacae species complex)、及び緑膿菌(P.aeruginosa)、またはこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択されるベースライン病原体に起因している、請求項1~9のいずれか1項に記載の医薬組成物。
- バボルバクタムもしくはその薬学的に許容される塩の前記量が、約2gである、並びに/またはメロペネムの前記量が、約2gである、並びに/またはバボルバクタムもしくはその薬学的に許容される塩およびメロペネムが少なくとも1日1回投与される、並びに/またはバボルバクタムもしくはその薬学的に許容される塩およびメロペネムが8時間毎に投与される、請求項1~10のいずれか1項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 静脈内注入によって投与され、任意で該静脈内注入が、約3時間で完了する、請求項1~11のいずれか1項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記医薬組成物がメロペネムの前または後に投与されるか、または前記医薬組成物がメロペネムをさらに含む、請求項1~12のいずれか1項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 抗菌剤、抗真菌剤、抗ウイルス剤、抗炎症剤、及び抗アレルギー剤、ならびにそれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される1つまたは複数の追加の薬物と組み合わせて投与される、請求項1~13のいずれか1項に記載の医薬組成物。
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