JP7429313B2 - sliding bearing - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to sliding bearings.

Sliding bearings are used for various purposes, one of which is in seismic isolation devices that suppress the shaking of buildings during earthquakes.
Such a seismic isolation device includes, for example, a plurality of laminated rubbers, a plurality of sliding bearings, and an energy damping means, which are arranged between an upper structure that is a building and a lower structure that forms the foundation of the building. We are prepared.
The upper structure is horizontally movably supported by multiple laminated rubbers and multiple sliding bearings, and when a horizontal force is applied to the upper structure or the lower structure, the upper structure The structure is moved horizontally to prevent shaking caused by wind or earthquakes from directly transmitting to the superstructure.
Furthermore, when the upper structure is displaced in the horizontal direction, the laminated rubber urges the upper structure toward the original position in the horizontal direction by an elastic force corresponding to the horizontal displacement.
Energy attenuation means are used to attenuate seismic energy, and energy attenuation means include lead plugs that are inserted vertically into the center of the laminated rubber, oil dampers that are bridged between the upper structure and the lower structure, etc. is used.
Lead plugs attenuate seismic energy by plastic deformation due to horizontal movement of the upper structure, and oil dampers attenuate seismic energy through the viscous resistance of oil as the piston device expands and contracts. be.

Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2015-132300

Focusing on conventional sliding bearings, conventional sliding bearings are not limited to use in seismic isolation devices, and only perform the function of supporting the upper structure so that it can move in the horizontal direction.
The present invention has been devised in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a sliding bearing that has the function of movably supporting an upper structure in the horizontal direction and also has the function of attenuating energy. There is a particular thing.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention includes a downward sliding surface provided on an upper structure and an upward sliding surface provided on a lower structure, and the downward sliding surface and the upward sliding surface are provided. One of the sliding surfaces is smaller than the contour of the other sliding surface, the one sliding surface is located in the center of the other sliding surface, and the one sliding surface is located in the center of the other sliding surface, and is attached to the upper structure or the lower structure. When a horizontal force is applied, the one sliding surface is a sliding bearing that slides from the center part of the other sliding surface to the outer periphery thereof, and the one sliding surface is attracted to a magnet. The other sliding surface is made of a magnetic material with a small coefficient of friction, and the other sliding surface is made of a material that allows magnetic force to pass through and has a small coefficient of friction, and the other sliding surface generates a magnetic force with respect to the one sliding surface. A magnetic force generating section is provided, and a control section for controlling the magnetic force generated by the magnetic force generating section is provided.
Further, in the present invention, the contour of the center portion of the other sliding surface is larger than the contour of the one sliding surface, and the magnetic force generating section is provided at the outer peripheral portion of the other sliding surface. It is characterized by
Further, in the present invention, the magnetic force generating parts are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction on a virtual circumference centered on the center of the central part of the outer peripheral part at a location away from the other sliding surface. It is characterized by being configured by a coil annular array consisting of a plurality of coils.
Further, the present invention is characterized in that a plurality of the coil annular rows are provided with different radii from the center of the central portion.
Further, the present invention is characterized in that the magnetic force generating section is provided at the central portion of the other sliding surface.
Further, in the present invention, the magnetic force generating section is formed of a plurality of coils arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction on a virtual circumference centered on the center of the central section at a location away from the other sliding surface. It is characterized by being composed of an annular array of coils.
Further, the present invention is characterized in that the control of the magnetic force generating section by the control section in the outer circumferential section is such that the magnetic force increases as the distance from the center of the central section increases.
Further, the present invention is characterized in that the control unit controls the magnetic force generation unit such that the magnetic force increases as the amount of vibration of the upper structure or the lower structure increases.

According to the present invention, when a small horizontal force acts on the upper structure or the lower structure, one sliding surface moves at the center of the other sliding surface.
Furthermore, when a large horizontal force acts on the upper structure or the lower structure, a magnetic force is generated from the magnetic force generating section. This magnetic force acts as a force that attracts one sliding surface toward the other sliding surface, so one sliding surface receives resistance, and the energy is also attenuated by the sliding bearing.
That is, when a small horizontal force is applied to the upper structure or the lower structure, the sliding bearing of the present invention functions similarly to a conventional sliding bearing, and when a large horizontal force is applied to the upper structure or the lower structure. When a force is applied, the sliding bearing of the present invention not only functions like a conventional sliding bearing, but also exhibits an energy damping function.
In addition, if the contour of the center of the other sliding surface is made larger than the contour of one sliding surface, when a small horizontal force is applied to the upper structure or lower structure, the same , one sliding surface moves smoothly and quickly within the central contour of the other sliding surface.
In addition, the magnetic force generating part is formed into a coil ring consisting of a plurality of coils arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction on an imaginary circle centered on the center of the outer peripheral part at a location away from the other sliding surface. When configured in rows, magnetic force can be stably applied to one sliding surface from the outer periphery of the other sliding surface, regardless of the direction of the horizontal force acting on the upper structure or the lower structure. One sliding surface receives resistance more stably from the outer periphery of the other sliding surface, which is advantageous in attenuating energy by the sliding bearing.
Furthermore, by providing a plurality of coil annular arrays with different radii from the center of the other sliding surface, even if the amount of horizontal displacement of the upper structure or lower structure becomes large, it is possible to Since magnetic force can be stably applied from the outer periphery of the sliding surface to one sliding surface, one sliding surface receives resistance more stably from the outer periphery of the other sliding surface, and the sliding bearing This is advantageous in attenuating energy.
In addition, if the magnetic force generating part is provided at the center of the other sliding surface, the magnetic force can be applied to one sliding surface from both the center and the outer periphery of the other sliding surface. The sliding bearing receives resistance from both the center and the outer periphery of the sliding surface, which is advantageous in attenuating energy by the sliding bearing.
In addition, the magnetic force generating section provided in the center is a coil consisting of multiple coils arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction on a virtual circumference centered on the center of the center at a location away from the other sliding surface. When configured with an annular array, regardless of the direction of the horizontal force acting on the upper structure or the lower structure, magnetic force is more stably applied to one sliding surface from both the center and outer periphery of the other sliding surface. As a result, one sliding surface receives resistance more stably from both the central portion and the outer peripheral portion of the other sliding surface, which is advantageous in attenuating energy by the sliding bearing.
In addition, if the magnetic force generating section is controlled so that the magnetic force generated from the magnetic force generating section increases as the distance from the center of the central section increases on the outer periphery of the other sliding surface, the magnetic force generated by the magnetic force generating section will be increased in the horizontal direction of the upper structure or the lower structure. The larger the amount of displacement, the greater the resistance that one sliding surface receives from the outer periphery of the other sliding surface, which is advantageous for greatly attenuating energy by the sliding bearing.
Furthermore, if the magnetic force generation section is controlled so that the larger the amount of vibration of the upper structure or lower structure, the greater the magnetic force generated from the magnetic force generation section, the larger the amount of vibration of the upper structure or lower structure, the greater the magnetic force generated from the magnetic force generation section. This increases the resistance that one sliding surface receives from the other sliding surface, which is advantageous for greatly attenuating energy by the sliding bearing.

(A) is a side view of the sliding bearing of the first embodiment showing a cross-sectional view of the lower structure provided with the sliding member, and (B) is a plan view of the lower structure provided with the sliding member. . (A) is a side view of a sliding bearing of a second embodiment showing a cross-sectional view of a lower structure provided with a sliding member, and (B) is a plan view of the lower structure provided with a sliding member. . (A) is a side view of a sliding bearing of a third embodiment showing a cross-sectional view of a lower structure provided with a sliding member, and (B) is a plan view of the lower structure provided with a sliding member. .

(First embodiment)
EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Hereinafter, embodiments in which the sliding bearing of the present invention is applied to a seismic isolation device will be described with reference to the drawings.
First, a first embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
The seismic isolation device 10A includes, for example, a plurality of sliding bearings 16A disposed between an upper structure 12 that is a building and a lower structure 14 that forms the foundation of the building, and a plurality of laminated rubber (not shown). and energy attenuation means (not shown).
Each sliding support 16A includes a downward sliding surface 18 provided on the upper structure 12, an upward sliding surface 20 provided on the lower structure 14, a magnetic force generating section 22, and a control section 24. The plurality of sliding bearings 16A support the load of the upper structure 12 together with the laminated rubber via the sliding surfaces 18 and 20, and also support the upper structure 12 movably on the lower structure 14. .
The downward sliding surface 18 is smaller than the contour of the upward sliding surface 20, and the downward sliding surface 18 is located in the central portion 2002 of the upward sliding surface 20, and the downward sliding surface 18 is located at the central portion 2002 of the upward sliding surface 20, and is horizontal to the upper structure 12 or the lower structure 14. When a force is applied, the downward sliding surface 18 slides from the central portion 2002 of the upward sliding surface 20 toward the outer periphery 2004 around it.

The downward sliding surface 18 is provided on the lower surface of the leg 26 attached to the lower surface 1202 of the upper structure 12. In this embodiment, the leg portion 26 is made of a magnetic material that is attracted to a magnet, and the downward sliding surface 18 is formed to have a small coefficient of friction.
As such magnetic materials, various conventionally known metal materials that are attracted to magnets, such as iron and nickel alloys, can be used.
The leg portion 26 includes a flange 2602 that is attached to the lower surface 1202 of the upper structure 12 with bolts, and a column portion 2604 that projects from the center of the flange 2602.
The lower end surface of the pillar portion 2604 is formed into a flat and smooth downward sliding surface 18.

The upward sliding surface 20 is provided on the upper surface 1402 of the lower structure 14.
The lower structure 14 is made of concrete, and the upper surface 1402 of the lower structure 14 is provided with a recess 1404 that is circular in plan view, and the upward sliding surface 20 is constituted by the upper surface of the sliding member 28 attached to this recess 1404. The upward sliding surface 20 is formed to have a small coefficient of friction.
The sliding member 28 is made of a low-friction material that transmits magnetic force. Examples of the low-friction material that transmits magnetic force include various conventionally known synthetic resins, such as a synthetic resin material whose main component is polytetrafluoroethylene. Materials are available.
The upward sliding surface 20 is composed of a circular center part 2002 and an annular outer peripheral part 2004 located on the outer periphery thereof, and the central part 2002 of the upward sliding surface 20 is larger than the diameter of the downward sliding surface 18. formed by the diameter. Therefore, the contour of the central portion 2002 of the upward sliding surface 20 is larger than the contour of the downward sliding surface 18.

The magnetic force generating section 22 is provided on the upward sliding surface 20 and generates magnetic force against the downward sliding surface 18. In this embodiment, the magnetic force generating section 22 is provided on the outer periphery of the upward sliding surface 20. section 2004.
When the magnetic force generator 22 generates a magnetic force, the downward sliding surface 18 is attracted toward the upward sliding surface 20 by this magnetic force.
The magnetic force generating section 22 is made of a plurality of coils 30 arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction on a virtual circumference centered on the center of the central section 2002 of the outer peripheral section 2004 at a location away from the upward sliding surface 20. It is constituted by a coil annular array 32. Each coil 30 is an electromagnet that generates magnetic force when current is supplied from the control unit 24 . Further, the plurality of coils 30 are disposed embedded in the sliding member 28.
In this embodiment, a plurality of coil annular rows 32 are provided with different radii from the center of the central portion 2002, and the coil annular rows 32 include a first coil annular row 32A and a first coil annular row 32A. Two second coil annular rows 32B having a larger radius from the center of the central portion 2002 are provided.
Note that the number of coil annular rows 32 constituting the magnetic force generating section 22 is not limited to two rows, and may be one row or three or more rows.

The control section 24 controls the magnetic force generated by the magnetic force generation section 22.
The control unit 24 includes a microcomputer including a CPU, a storage unit, an interface circuit, and the like.
The storage unit stores a control program executed by the CPU.
Further, a plurality of coils 30 and sensors 34 are connected via an interface circuit.
The sensor 34 detects the amount of vibration (for example, acceleration) of the building in which the sliding bearing 16A is installed, that is, the upper structure 12 or the lower structure 14.
By executing the control program, the CPU controls the amount of current (current) to the coil 30 based on the detection result of the sensor 34, and controls the magnetic force generated against the downward sliding surface 18.
Specifically, vibrations of different magnitudes are divided into stages, and a table is stored in advance in the storage section in which the magnitude of vibration at each stage is associated with the amount of current applied to the plurality of coils 30 for each coil annular row 32. Remember it.
The CPU refers to a table based on the amount of vibration detected by the sensor 34 and energizes the coil 30 with the amount of electricity corresponding to the magnitude of the vibration.

In the present embodiment, the control unit 24 controls the magnetic force generating unit 22 so that the magnetic force generated from the magnetic force generating unit 22 gradually increases as the distance from the center of the central portion 2002 increases in the outer peripheral portion 2004. In other words, the control unit 24 controls the magnetic force generation unit 22 so that the magnetic force generated from the plurality of coils 30 for each coil annular row 32 gradually increases as the distance from the center of the central portion 2002 increases. That is, the magnetic force of the second coil annular array 32B is controlled to be larger than the magnetic force of the first coil annular array 32A.
Further, in the present embodiment, the magnetic force generation section 22 is controlled so that the magnetic force generated from the magnetic force generation section 22 is gradually increased as the amount of vibration of the upper structure 12 or the lower structure 14 detected by the sensor 34 increases. .
That is, as the distance from the center of the central portion 2002 increases in the outer circumferential portion 2004, the magnetic force generated from each coil annular array 32 is gradually increased, and as the amount of vibration of the upper structure 12 or the lower structure 14 increases, the magnetic force generated in each coil annular array increases. The magnetic force generating section 22 is controlled to gradually increase the magnetic force generated from the row 32.

Next, the effects of this embodiment will be explained.
When a small horizontal force is applied to the building due to wind or the like, the laminated rubber (not shown) is sheared and deformed, and the downward sliding surface 18 moves within the contour of the central portion 2002 of the upward sliding surface 20. .
Therefore, when a small horizontal force acts on the building, the shaking of the building due to the small horizontal force is suppressed.
In this case, since the amount of vibration detected by the sensor 34 is small, the control unit 24 does not cause the magnetic force generation unit 22 to generate magnetic force yet.

Further, when a large horizontal force is applied to the building due to an earthquake or the like, the laminated rubber (not shown) is sheared and deformed, and the downward sliding surface 18 is moved from the center part 2002 of the upward sliding surface 20 to the outer peripheral part 2004. At that time, the energy is attenuated by an energy attenuation means (not shown).
Furthermore, the control unit 24 generates a signal from the plurality of coils 30 of each annular coil array 32 provided on the outer circumferential portion 2004 of the upward sliding surface 20 according to the magnitude of the vibration amount detected by the sensor 34. Generates magnetic force.
This magnetic force acts as a force that attracts the downward sliding surface 18 toward the upward sliding surface 20, so the downward sliding surface 18 receives resistance from the outer circumference 2004, and the sliding bearing 16A also causes earthquake energy to be absorbed. is attenuated, and the shaking of buildings due to earthquakes is suppressed.
Therefore, when a large horizontal force acts on a building, a larger damping force is advantageous in suppressing the shaking of the building.
In addition, seismic energy is also attenuated by the sliding bearing 16A, and since the sliding bearing 16A bears part of the damping force of the seismic isolation device 10A, the lead plug can be used without changing the damping force required for the seismic isolation device 10A. Energy attenuation means such as oil dampers and oil dampers can be downsized, which is advantageous in downsizing the seismic isolation device 10A.

Note that the contour of the central portion 2002 of the upward sliding surface 20 and the contour of the downward sliding surface 18 may be formed to be the same; however, as in this embodiment, the central portion 2002 of the upward sliding surface 20 is formed with a larger diameter than the diameter of the downward sliding surface 18, in other words, if the outline of the central portion 2002 of the upward sliding surface 20 is formed to be larger than the outline of the downward sliding surface 18, it may be smaller due to wind etc. When a horizontal force is applied to the building, the downward sliding surface 18 moves smoothly and quickly within the contour of the central portion 2002 of the upward sliding surface 20, as in the prior art.
Therefore, when a small horizontal force due to wind or the like acts on a building, it is advantageous to quickly and efficiently suppress the shaking of the building.

In addition, in this embodiment, a plurality of coils 30 are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction on a virtual circumference centered on the center of the central portion 2002 of the outer peripheral portion 2004 at a location away from the upward sliding surface 20. Since the magnetic force can be stably applied from the outer circumferential portion 2004 to the downward sliding surface 18 regardless of the direction of the horizontal force acting on the building, the downward The sliding surface 18 receives resistance from the outer peripheral portion 2004 more stably, which is advantageous in attenuating seismic energy by the sliding bearing 16A and suppressing the shaking of the building due to an earthquake.
Further, in this embodiment, since the plurality of first coil annular rows 32A and second coil annular rows 32B are provided with different radii from the central portion 2002, the amount of horizontal displacement of the building is large. Even if the outer periphery 2004 is turned, the magnetic force can be stably applied to the downward sliding surface 18 from the outer periphery 2004, so the downward sliding surface 18 receives resistance more stably from the outer periphery 2004, and the sliding bearing 16A is advantageous in attenuating seismic energy and suppressing the shaking of buildings due to earthquakes.

Further, the magnetic force generating section 22 may be controlled by the control section 24 so that the magnetic force generated from the magnetic force generating section 22 is the same regardless of the distance from the center of the central portion 2002 of the upward sliding surface 20. As in this embodiment, when the magnetic force generating section 22 is controlled by the control section 24 so that the magnetic force increases as the distance from the center of the center section 2002 of the upward sliding surface 20 in the outer peripheral section 2004 increases, When a large horizontal force acts on a building, the farther the downward sliding surface 18 is from the center 2002 of the upward sliding surface 20, in other words, the greater the amount of horizontal displacement of the building. The more the upward sliding surface 20 receives from the outer circumferential portion 2004, the greater the resistance, which is advantageous for the sliding bearing 16A to greatly attenuate seismic energy.
Therefore, when a large horizontal force acts on a building, the larger damping force is more advantageous in suppressing the shaking of the building.

Further, the control unit 24 may control the magnetic force generation unit 22 so that the magnetic force generated from the magnetic force generation unit 22 remains the same regardless of the amount of vibration of the building detected by the sensor 34; As in the embodiment, when the control unit 24 controls the magnetic force generating unit 22 so that the magnetic force generated from the magnetic force generating unit 22 gradually increases as the amount of vibration of the building detected by the sensor 34 increases, the magnetic force generated by the magnetic force generating unit 22 becomes larger. When a horizontal force acts on a building, the greater the force acting on the building and the greater the amount of vibration detected by the sensor 34, the greater the resistance that the upward sliding surface 20 receives from the outer circumference 2004. The sliding bearing 16A is advantageous in greatly attenuating seismic energy.
Therefore, when a large horizontal force acts on a building, the larger damping force is more advantageous in suppressing the shaking of the building.

(Second embodiment)
Next, a second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 2.
In the following embodiments, parts and members similar to those in the first embodiment are given the same reference numerals, and their explanations are omitted, and different parts will be mainly explained.
The sliding bearing 16B of the seismic isolation device 10B according to the second embodiment is characterized in that, in addition to the first embodiment, a magnetic force generating section 22 is also provided in the central portion 2002 of the upward sliding surface 20. It is different from
The magnetic force generating parts 22 provided in the central part 2002 of the sliding surface 20 are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction on a virtual circle centered on the center of the central part 2002 at locations away from the upward sliding surface 20. It is constituted by a third coil annular row 32C consisting of a plurality of coils 30.
Moreover, the control of the magnetic force generation section 22 by the control section 24 is performed in the same manner as in the first embodiment.

According to the second embodiment, the same effects as the first embodiment can be achieved, and since the magnetic force generating section 22 is also provided in the center part 2002 of the upward sliding surface 20, Since magnetic force acts on the downward sliding surface 18 from both the central portion 2002 and the outer circumferential portion 2004 of the upward sliding surface 20, the downward sliding surface 18 acts from both the central portion 2002 and the outer peripheral portion 2004 of the upward sliding surface 20. Since it is subjected to resistance, the sliding bearing 16B is more advantageous in attenuating seismic energy and suppressing the shaking of the building due to an earthquake.
Further, the magnetic force generating section 22 provided in the central portion 2002 includes a plurality of magnetic force generating portions 22 arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction on a virtual circumference centered on the center of the central portion 2002 at a location away from the upward sliding surface 20. Since it is constituted by the third coil annular array 32C consisting of the coils 30, it is possible to stably apply the magnetic force to the downward sliding surface 18 from the central portion 2002, regardless of the direction of the horizontal force acting on the building. As a result, the downward sliding surface 18 receives resistance more stably from both the central portion 2002 and the outer peripheral portion 2004, and the sliding bearing 16B attenuates seismic energy and suppresses the shaking of the building due to an earthquake. It becomes even more advantageous.

(Third embodiment)
Next, a third embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
The third embodiment is a modification of the first embodiment, and a sliding support 16C of a seismic isolation device 10C according to the third embodiment has a plurality of coils 30 ( The first point is that the first and second coil annular rows 32A, 32B) are not disposed embedded in the sliding member 28, but are disposed at a location in the lower structure 14 located below the sliding member 28. This is different from the embodiment of .
That is, a circular recess 1410 centered on the center of the central portion 2002 is provided on the bottom surface of the recess 1404 .
The recess 1410 is formed to a depth that accommodates the entire length of the coil 30.
A disk-shaped coil holding member 36 is accommodated in the recess 1410, and the upper surface of the coil holding member 36 contacts the lower surface of the sliding member 28, and in this embodiment, is attached with an adhesive.
The coil holding member 36 is formed as a separate member from the sliding member 28, in other words, it is formed of a synthetic resin material that does not have a sliding member and is permeable to magnetic force, and various conventionally known synthetic resin materials can be used as such synthetic resin material. Various synthetic resin materials can be used.

The plurality of coils 30 are embedded in the coil holding member 36 and arranged as a first coil annular row 32A and a second coil annular row 32B. They are arranged side by side on two virtual circumferences with different radii centered on the center of the central portion 2002.
Therefore, the plurality of coils 30 are arranged at a location downwardly away from the sliding member 28 attached to the recess 1404, in other words, similarly to the first embodiment, at a location away from the upward sliding surface 20. It is located in
According to the third embodiment, the same effects as those of the first embodiment can be obtained, and the plurality of coils 30 are attached to a coil holding member 36 different from the sliding member 28. This is advantageous in that the sliding member 28 can be easily replaced when the sliding member 28 is worn out.

In this embodiment, a case has been described in which the legs 26 protrude from the upper structure 12, but the present invention is also applicable to a sliding bearing in which the legs 26 protrude from the lower structure 14. Furthermore, the sliding bearing of the present invention can be widely applied to sliding bearings of various structures such as spherical sliding bearings, and the application of the sliding bearing is not limited to seismic isolation devices, but can be widely applied to various applications.

12 Upper structure 14 Lower structure 16A, 16B, 16C Sliding support 18 Downward sliding surface (one sliding surface)
20 Upward sliding surface (other sliding surface)
2002 Central part 2004 Outer peripheral part 22 Magnetic force generating part 24 Control part 30 Coil 32 Coil annular array 34 Sensor

Claims (4)

A downward sliding surface formed of a magnetic material provided on the upper structure and attracted to a magnet , an upward sliding surface provided on the lower structure, and a magnetic force generating section provided on the upward sliding surface. a sliding bearing comprising;
a control unit that controls the magnetic force generated by the magnetic force generation unit;
a sensor connected to the control unit,
The sensor detects the amount of vibration of the upper structure or the lower structure,
The control unit is a seismic isolation device that controls magnetic force generated based on a detection result of the sensor. The seismic isolation device according to claim 1, wherein the control section causes the magnetic force generating section to generate magnetic force at times and not to generate magnetic force, depending on the amount of vibration detected by the sensor. The magnetic force generating section has a plurality of coils,
The seismic isolation device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the magnetic force generating section has a first coil annular row and a second coil annular row having a larger radius than the first coil annular row. The seismic isolation device according to claim 3, wherein the control unit controls the magnetic force such that the magnetic force generated from the second coil annular array is larger than the magnetic force generated from the first coil annular array.

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