JP7427867B2 - Worker placement device, worker placement method, and worker placement program - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a worker placement device and a worker placement method.

When performing relay production by multiple workers in assembly manufacturing processes such as those in the electronics and electrical industries, process design is performed to allocate the work steps each worker is responsible for. Generally, based on the standard working time (hereinafter referred to as ST) set for each work process, the work range is determined so that the work time balance of each process is as uniform as possible, and the work range is set for each process. Assign each worker accordingly.

However, since there are differences in the work skills of each worker, a difference occurs in the working time of each worker. As a result, there is a problem that the work time balance is disrupted when the process allocation is designed based on ST. For example, if a newcomer and a veteran are assigned processes next to each other, the newcomer will be slow and the veteran will have to wait. In order to solve this problem, a process allocation method that takes worker skills into consideration is being considered.

For example, Patent Document 1 is known as a document disclosing such a process allocation method. In Patent Document 1, the ST that can be digested within the same time is converted into a coefficient for each worker, and the amount of ST that can be expected to be digested when each worker is input is calculated. This makes it possible to design processes that take worker abilities into consideration.

Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2018-020600

However, since worker skills generally vary depending on the process, there is a problem in that the amount of work estimated based on comprehensively evaluated skills as in Patent Document 1 may not always be digestible. Furthermore, since the period for acquiring work skills differs for each worker, it is necessary to consider work skills from a short-term or long-term perspective.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a worker arrangement device that can design worker arrangement with high production efficiency.

In order to solve the above problems, the worker allocation device includes a work record storage means, a work time variation calculation means for each process, a worker process aptitude calculation means, and a worker allocation priority order setting means. The work record storage means stores the work records of workers in a plurality of processes on the production line. The process-by-process work time variation calculation means calculates the work time variation in each process for each process. The worker's process aptitude calculation means calculates the worker's process aptitude, which is the aptitude of each worker for each process. The worker assignment priority setting means sets a high worker assignment priority for assigning workers to processes with large variations in work time. Then, regarding workers to be assigned to a process having a high worker assignment priority, a high assignment priority is given to a worker who is highly suited for the process.

An advantage of the present invention is that it is possible to provide a worker arrangement device that can design worker arrangement with high production efficiency.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a worker placement device according to a first embodiment. 3 is a flowchart showing the operation of the worker placement device of the first embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows process priority calculation operation of a 2nd embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows proficiency level calculation operation of a 2nd embodiment. It is a table showing a specific example of priority determination according to the third embodiment. It is a graph showing a specific example of change in work proficiency level according to the third embodiment. 12 is a graph showing a specific example of calculation of expected work proficiency according to the third embodiment. 12 is a flowchart illustrating a worker's priority setting operation according to the third embodiment. 12 is a flowchart showing details of a worker's priority order setting operation according to the third embodiment.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. However, although the embodiments described below include technically preferable limitations for implementing the present invention, the scope of the invention is not limited to the following. Note that similar components in each drawing are given the same numbers, and descriptions thereof may be omitted.

(First embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a worker placement device according to this embodiment. The worker placement device is
It has a work performance storage means 1, a work time variation calculation means 2 for each process, a worker process aptitude calculation means 3, and a worker allocation priority setting means 4.

The work record storage means 1 stores the work records of workers in a plurality of processes on a production line. The work time variation calculation unit 2 for each process calculates the variation in work time for each process for each process. The worker's process aptitude calculation means 3 calculates the worker's process aptitude, which is the aptitude of each worker for each process. The worker assignment priority setting means 4 sets a high worker assignment priority for assigning workers to processes with large variations in work time. Then, regarding workers to be assigned to a process having a high worker assignment priority, a high assignment priority is given to a worker who is highly suited for the process.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing this operation. First, the variation in working time for each process is calculated based on the working results (S1). The variation can be evaluated using, for example, range, variance, or standard deviation. Note that the following explanation will be given using standard deviation as an example. Next, priorities are set for the processes to which workers are assigned in descending order of the variation in work time (S2). Next, the process suitability of the workers for each process is ranked based on the work performance (S3). Then, workers are assigned to the processes with the highest priority for worker assignment in descending order of suitability (S4).

Processes with large variations in work time are considered to have large differences in work time depending on the aptitude (skill) of the workers. In other words, if a worker with low aptitude is assigned to this process, the delay in the process will increase. On the other hand, in a process where the variation in work time is small, the work time does not change much whether a worker with high aptitude or a worker with low aptitude is assigned. Therefore, by assigning a worker who is highly suited to a process with large variations in work time, the overall work time can be shortened and high production efficiency can be obtained.

(Second embodiment)
In this embodiment, an operation for setting worker allocation priority for a process will be described. FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing this operation. First, the standard deviation of working time in each process is calculated (S101). Next, priorities are added to the processes in descending order of standard deviation (S102). Here, if there are no processes with the same priority, that is, with the same standard deviation (S103_No), the priority is determined and the process ends.

On the other hand, if there are processes with the same priority (S103_Yes), the process difficulty level of the target processes with the same priority is calculated (S104). Then, a higher priority is added in descending order of difficulty (S105). Here, if there is no process with the same process difficulty (S106_No), the priority is determined and the process ends.

On the other hand, if there are processes with the same process difficulty (S106_Yes), a higher priority is added to the process to be performed first (S107).

Next, a method of calculating the process difficulty level used in the above explanation will be explained. In this embodiment, it is assumed that the smaller the value of the process difficulty level, the fewer workers have time to spare compared to the standard work time for the process, that is, the work is more difficult for the workers. Then, the process difficulty level is calculated using the following formula. Here, let the worker number be i and the number of workers be m.
Process difficulty = Σ (ST - work time of worker i) / m ... (1)
Next, a specific example of process priority generation will be described. FIG. 4 is a table showing work performance on a certain production line. In the table, workers, processes, and working hours when the workers were in charge of the processes are entered. The vertical data in the table is the working time when each worker was in charge of a certain process. By using this vertical data, it is possible to evaluate the variation in work time in the process. Here we are calculating the standard deviation. Since the calculated standard deviation is in the order of process 2>process 4>process 3>process 5>process 1, the priority is also in this order.

As described above, according to this embodiment, the priority of the process for assigning workers can be determined smoothly.

(Third embodiment)
In this embodiment, a method of prioritizing workers will be described to determine which workers are assigned to processes with high priority.

First, we will explain the work proficiency levels of workers for each process at past points in time based on work performance. Here, the proficiency level is defined by the following formula.
Work proficiency = work time/ST (2)
That is, it is expressed by the working time required to perform the standard working time ST. Therefore, the smaller the value, the higher the work proficiency level.

As the number of tasks is repeated, the skill improves, the working time becomes shorter, and the work proficiency level decreases. Since skills differ from worker to worker, work proficiency also differs from worker to worker. FIG. 5 shows an example in which the horizontal axis represents work performance N and the vertical axis represents work proficiency. The work performance N can be expressed by, for example, the number of products produced or the period for considering worker assignment. Here, as an example, the work proficiency levels of three workers 1, 2, and 6 are displayed.

For new workers who have no work experience and whose work proficiency level is unknown, a standard model is created and used based on the work performance of the new worker.

As mentioned above, the work proficiency level increases as the work performance N increases, so based on the amount of change in the work proficiency level over a predetermined period in the past and the current work proficiency level, the expected proficiency level is calculated based on the amount of change in the work proficiency level in the past predetermined period and the current work proficiency level. degree can be estimated. The expected work proficiency level can be calculated as follows. The work proficiency level is determined when the work performance has passed by ΔN. Here, ΔN is the amount of change in work performance, and can be arbitrarily set depending on the number of products produced and the period for considering worker assignment.

First, calculate the expected work time. The formula for calculating expected work time is defined below. Here, the work time after proficiency is the work time when expected future work proficiency improvements are taken into account.
Expected working time = Average of (current working time + working time after proficiency) ・・・・・・(3)
Work time after proficiency = Current work time x {1 - (Current work proficiency level - Expected work proficiency level)}... (4)
A specific example of ΔN and expected work proficiency level is shown in FIG. In this example, worker 1 and worker 6 have almost the same current work proficiency level. However, it can be seen that worker 1's work proficiency level is expected to improve significantly, while worker 6's proficiency level is not expected to improve much. Therefore, it can be expected that the efficiency of this process will be improved if the worker 1 is in charge of this process.

Next, the operation of determining worker priorities will be explained. FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the operation for determining the priority order of workers.

First, the current work proficiency level of each worker for a process with a high priority to which the worker is assigned is calculated (S201). Next, the current level of work proficiency of the worker for each process is calculated from the work results (S202). Next, the expected proficiency level after a predetermined period of time is calculated based on the rate of change in the work proficiency level (S203). Then, the aptitudes of the workers are ranked in descending order of expected proficiency level (S204). As described above, it is possible to allocate a worker with a high level of work proficiency to a process with a high priority level.

When the priorities are determined as described above, the calculation results of the priorities may be the same. FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing the operation in that case. First, workers are prioritized in descending order of expected work proficiency for the process (S301). Here, if there is no worker with the same priority (S302_No), the priority is determined and the process ends. On the other hand, if there are workers with the same priority (S302_Yes), the expected work proficiency rankings of the target workers for the process with the next highest priority are calculated (S303). Then, the priority level of the worker with the lowest expected work proficiency level for the process with the next highest priority level is increased (S304). The reason is that it is the same no matter which worker is assigned to a process with a high priority, but if a worker with a low expected work proficiency level for the process is assigned to the next process, This is because the work efficiency of the process decreases. On the other hand, if a worker with a high expected work proficiency level for the process is assigned to the next process, the work efficiency of the next process will be increased. As a result, when the two processes are combined, the work efficiency can be increased by employing the above priority order determination method.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to accurately determine worker placement that increases production efficiency.

The scope of the present invention also includes a program that causes a computer to execute the processes of the first to third embodiments described above, and a recording medium that stores the program. As the recording medium, for example, a magnetic disk, magnetic tape, optical disk, magneto-optical disk, semiconductor memory, etc. can be used.

The present invention has been described above using the above-described embodiment as an exemplary example. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. That is, the present invention can apply various aspects that can be understood by those skilled in the art within the scope of the present invention.

1 Work performance storage means 2 Work time variation calculation means for each process 3 Worker process aptitude calculation means 4 Worker assignment priority setting means

Claims (6)

work performance storage means for storing work performance of workers in a plurality of processes of a production line in which a plurality of workers perform relay production;
Process-by-process work time variation calculation means for calculating the work time variation in each of the processes for each process;
Worker process aptitude calculation means for calculating a worker's process aptitude, which is the aptitude of each of the workers for each of the processes;
The worker assignment priority for assigning the worker to the process where the work time has a large variation is set high, and the worker assigned to the process with the high worker assignment priority is set for the process. and a worker assignment priority setting means for assigning a high assignment priority to workers with high aptitude,
The process aptitude calculation means for the workers ranks the process aptitudes based on work proficiency level representing work speed, and if there are workers who have the same rank in the process with a higher worker allocation priority, calculating the rank of the work proficiency of each of the workers for the process with the next highest priority, and increasing the priority of the worker with the lowest work proficiency for the process with the next highest priority ;
If there are processes with the same variation in work time, the worker allocation priority setting means calculates the difficulty level of each process based on the work performance, and determines whether the processes have the same difficulty level. In some cases, give a higher allocation priority to the process to be performed first.
A worker placement device characterized by: As the work proficiency level, an expected work proficiency level is used, which is the future work proficiency level predicted based on the amount of change in the work proficiency level in the past predetermined period of the worker and the current work proficiency level. The worker placement device according to claim 1 , characterized in that: The worker arrangement device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the variation in the working time is expressed by a standard deviation. The computer is
Memorizes the work performance of workers in multiple processes of a production line where multiple workers perform relay production,
Calculating the variation in working time in each of the steps for each step,
Calculating the process aptitude of each worker, which is the aptitude of each of the workers for each of the processes,
The worker assignment priority for assigning the worker to the process where the work time has a large variation is set high, and the worker assigned to the process with the high worker assignment priority is set for the process. A worker allocation method that assigns a high priority to workers with high aptitude,
The process aptitude is ranked by work proficiency level representing work speed, and if there are workers who have the same rank in the process with a higher worker assignment priority, the next priority of each worker is calculating the rank of the work proficiency for the process with a high priority, and giving a higher priority to the worker with a low work proficiency for the process with the next highest priority;
If there are processes with the same variation in work time, calculate the difficulty level of each process based on the work results, and if there is a process with the same difficulty level, calculate the process to be performed first. Add a high allocation priority to
A worker allocation method characterized by: The computer is
As the work proficiency level, the expected work proficiency level is the future work proficiency level predicted based on the amount of change in the work proficiency level in the past predetermined period of the worker and the current work proficiency level. The worker arrangement method according to claim 4 , characterized in that the method is used. a step of memorizing the work performance of workers in a plurality of processes of a production line in which a plurality of workers perform relay production;
calculating the variation in working time in each of the steps for each step;
calculating a worker's process aptitude, which is the aptitude of each of the workers for each of the processes;
The worker assignment priority for assigning the worker to the process where the work time has a large variation is set high, and the worker assigned to the process with the high worker assignment priority is set for the process. A worker assignment program that causes a computer to perform the steps of assigning a high priority to a worker with high aptitude, the worker assignment program comprising:
In the step of calculating the process aptitude of the workers, the process aptitude is ranked by the work proficiency level representing the work speed, and if there are workers who have the same rank in the process with a high worker assignment priority, , calculating the rank of the work proficiency of each of the workers for the process with the next highest priority, and increasing the priority of the worker with the lowest work proficiency for the process with the next highest priority ;
In the step of assigning a high priority to a worker, if there are processes with the same variation in work time, the difficulty level of each process is calculated based on the work performance, and the difficulty level of each process is determined to be the same. If there are any of the above steps, give a higher allocation priority to the step to be performed first.
A worker placement program characterized by:

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