JP7413729B2 - Machine tools and machine tool control methods - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a machine tool and a method for controlling a machine tool.

Machine tools such as lathes process workpieces by feeding tools in predetermined directions. In this machine tool, in order to process a workpiece using two tools, it has been proposed to send the two tools by independent tool drive units (for example, see Patent Document 1). In the machine tool of Patent Document 1, numerical control is performed on the movement of the tool, and each operation command (each block) of the operation program (machining program) has a configuration that includes instruction values for the feed position and feed rate of the tool. Disclosed. In numerical control of machine tools, for example, if a motion command that is one block includes two feed positions (two coordinate values) such as the X direction and the Z direction, the coordinate value (two coordinate values) that is the composite of the two feed positions is Linear interpolation is performed to move the tool in a straight line toward X, Z).

Patent No. 5132842

When moving two tools, as in the machine tool described above, control becomes easier if the two tool drive units are operated according to one operation program (one block of operation commands). However, if one block of motion commands includes two feed positions for two tools, linear interpolation will be performed based on the two feed positions as described above, and machining with the two tools will start at the same time. Controlled to terminate at the same time. As a result, each of the two tools may deviate from the appropriate feed rate (suitable machining conditions) when machining the workpiece.

The present invention provides a machine tool and a machine tool capable of machining a workpiece while feeding two tools at appropriate speeds based on individual feed positions and feed speeds for each tool drive unit in a motion command that is one block. The purpose is to provide a control method for machine tools.

A machine tool according to an aspect of the present invention includes a first tool drive unit that sends a first tool for processing a workpiece, a second tool drive unit that sends a second tool for processing the workpiece, and a first tool drive unit that sends a second tool for processing the workpiece. and a control device for controlling operations of the first tool drive section and the second tool drive section, the control device configured to send a first command regarding the feed position of the first tool and the feed speed of the first tool to the first tool drive section; a command reception unit that receives an operation command, which is one block including a second command regarding the feed position of the second tool with respect to the tool drive unit and a second command regarding the feed speed of the second tool, and a first command from the operation command received by the command reception unit; a first command output unit that outputs the first command identified by the command identification unit to the first tool driving unit; and a second command identified by the command identification unit. a second command output section that outputs the second tool to the second tool driving section, and the operation command includes a machining operation on the workpiece by the first tool and a machining operation on the workpiece by the second tool.

The invention further includes a spindle that holds the workpiece, and the first tool drive section and the second tool drive section are adapted to feed the first tool and the second tool, respectively, to different positions of the workpiece held by the spindle. You can. Furthermore, the position at which the first tool is fed by the first tool drive section and the position at which the second tool is fed by the second tool drive section may be different. Further, the feed speed of the first tool by the first tool drive section and the feed speed of the second tool by the second tool drive section may be different.

A method for controlling a machine tool according to an aspect of the present invention includes a first tool drive section that sends a first tool for processing a workpiece, and a second tool drive section that sends a second tool for processing the workpiece. A method for controlling a machine tool, the method comprising: externally receiving a first command regarding a feed position of a first tool and a feed rate of the first tool to a first tool drive section; a feed position and a feed rate of a second tool to a second tool drive section; receiving a motion command that is one block including a second command regarding the feed rate of the second tool; identifying the first command and the second command from the motion command; and outputting a second command to the second tool drive unit, and the operation command includes a machining operation for the workpiece by the first tool and a machining operation for the workpiece by the second tool. including.

According to the machine tool and the control method for a machine tool according to aspects of the present invention, when an operation command that is one block including a first command and a second command is received, the first command and the second command are and a first command is output to the first tool drive section, and a second command is output to the second tool drive section. As a result, the first tool driving section processes the workpiece by feeding the first tool at the feeding position and feeding speed of the first tool based on the first command. Further, the second tool driving section processes the workpiece by feeding the second tool at a feeding position and a feeding speed of the second tool based on the second command. In this way, when machining a workpiece, the first tool drive section and the second tool drive section are controlled to the first tool and the second tool by the individual feed positions and feed speeds based on the first command and the second command, respectively. Since the workpiece is machined by feeding the two tools, the workpiece can be machined while feeding the two first tools and the second tool at appropriate feed rates.

The invention further includes a spindle that holds the workpiece, and each of the first tool drive section and the second tool drive section is configured to send the first tool and the second tool, respectively, to different positions of the workpiece held by the spindle. Since the two first tools and the second tool process different positions of the workpiece, the efficiency of machining the workpiece can be improved. In addition, in a configuration in which the feeding position of the first tool by the first tool driving section and the feeding position of the second tool by the second tool driving section are different, the two first tools and the second tool can accurately move the workpiece at different positions. Can be processed well. Furthermore, in a configuration in which the feed speed of the first tool by the first tool drive section and the feed speed of the second tool by the second tool drive section are different, the suitable feed speeds for the two first tools and the second tool are different. In this case, the workpiece can be machined while feeding the two first tools and the second tool at appropriate feed rates.

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an example of a lathe according to a first embodiment. 2 is a diagram showing an example of an operation command used to control the lathe shown in FIG. 1. FIG. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a functional block configuration of a control device. It is a flowchart which shows an example of operation of a control device. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a specific example of an operation program in the lathe according to the first embodiment. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an operation program in a lathe according to a comparative example. FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an example of a lathe according to a second embodiment. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a specific example of an operation program in a lathe according to a second embodiment.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to this form. Further, in order to explain the embodiments in the drawings, the scale is appropriately changed, such as by enlarging or emphasizing a part, and the shape or size may differ from the actual product. Further, the main parts of the lathes (machine tools) 100 and 100A in the drawings are shown. In each figure, directions in the figure will be explained using an XYZ coordinate system. In this XYZ coordinate system, the direction of the rotation axis 11 of the main shaft 10 along the horizontal plane is expressed as the Z direction, and the vertical direction perpendicular to the horizontal plane is expressed as the X direction. Further, although not shown, the direction along the horizontal plane and orthogonal to the Z direction is defined as the Y direction. The X direction and the Z direction will be explained assuming that the direction indicated by the arrow in the figure is the + direction, and the direction opposite to the direction of the arrow is the - direction.

[First embodiment]
A first embodiment will be described. FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an example of a lathe 100 according to the first embodiment. The lathe (machine tool) 100 includes a main spindle 10, a tool rest 20, and a control device 50, as shown in FIG. The main shaft 10 is rotatably supported by a bearing (not shown) provided in the lathe 100 around a rotating shaft 11 along a horizontal axis direction (Z direction). The main shaft 10 is rotationally driven around a rotating shaft 11 by a motor (not shown) provided in the lathe 100. The main spindle 10 is provided with a main spindle chuck (not shown) for holding the workpiece 1 . The main shaft chuck has, for example, three claws arranged around the rotating shaft 11, and each claw is provided so as to be movable in radial directions about the rotating shaft 11. The main spindle 10 rotates the workpiece 1 around the rotating shaft 11 by being rotationally driven while being held by the main spindle chuck.

The tool rest 20 includes a first tool rest 21 , a second tool rest 22 , a first tool drive section 23 , and a second tool drive section 24 . The first tool post 21 holds a first tool 41 that processes the workpiece 1 held by the spindle 10. The first tool 41 is detachably held at a predetermined position on the first tool rest 21 by a holder (not shown) provided in the first tool rest 21 . The first tool rest 21 may have a form capable of holding a plurality of first tools 41, such as a turret-like tool rest or a comb-like tool rest, for example. In this case, the first tool 41 used for machining the workpiece 1 is selected from among the plurality of first tools 41 and used.

The first tool drive unit 23 sends the first tool rest 21 in the X direction to the workpiece 1 held by the main spindle 10. By moving the first tool post 21 in the X direction, the workpiece 1 held by the main shaft 10 and rotating is machined in the X direction by the first tool 41. The first tool drive unit 23 uses, for example, a configuration using an electric motor and a ball screw mechanism. In the present embodiment, the first tool drive unit 23 moves the first tool rest 21 in the X direction, but is not limited to this form. For example, the first tool drive section 23 moves the first tool rest 21 in the and Z direction), each direction of the Z direction, or a direction in which these directions are combined.

The second tool rest 22 holds a second tool 42 that processes the workpiece 1 held by the main spindle 10. The second tool 42 is detachably held at a predetermined position on the second tool rest 22 by a holder (not shown) provided in the second tool rest 22 . The second tool rest 22 may have a form capable of holding a plurality of second tools 42, such as a turret-like tool rest or a comb-like tool rest, for example. In this case, the second tool 42 used for machining the workpiece 1 is selected from among the plurality of second tools 42 and used.

The second tool drive unit 24 sends the second tool rest 22 in the Z direction to the workpiece 1 held by the main spindle 10. By moving the second tool post 22 in the Z direction, the workpiece 1 held by the main spindle 10 and rotating is processed in the Z direction by the second tool 42. The second tool drive section 24 uses, for example, a configuration using an electric motor and a ball screw mechanism. In the present embodiment, the second tool drive unit 24 moves the second tool rest 22 in the Z direction, but is not limited to this form. For example, the second tool drive unit 24 moves the second tool rest 22 in the The data may be sent in each direction or in a combined direction of these directions.

The first tool rest 21 and the second tool rest 22 are provided at different positions in the lathe 100. Therefore, the first tool 41 of the first tool rest 21 and the second tool 42 of the second tool rest 22 perform processing on different positions of the workpiece 1. Further, the first tool 41 and the second tool 42 process the workpiece 1 while moving in different directions (X direction, Z direction) by the first tool drive section 23 and the second tool drive section 24, respectively. That is, the feeding position (coordinate values) of the first tool 41 by the first tool driving section 23 and the feeding position (coordinate values) of the second tool 42 by the second tool driving section 24 are different from each other. Note that the processing on the workpiece 1 is not limited to rotating the main shaft 10 around the rotating shaft 11. The workpiece 1 may be held by the spindle 10 and processed by the first tool 41 or the like without being rotated. In this case, as the first tool 41 etc., a rotary tool such as a drill, tap, end mill, milling cutter, etc. is used, for example.

The control device 50 controls the operations of the first tool drive section 23 and the second tool drive section 24. The control device 50 is a computer device that includes, for example, a CPU (central processing unit), a storage device, a communication device, etc., and processes various information. The control device 50 processes, for example, various types of information (data), stores information, inputs and outputs information, communicates (transmits and receives) information, and the like. The control device 50 controls the operations of the first tool drive section 23 and the second tool drive section 24 based on, for example, an operation command 70 included in an operation program 60 received from the outside. The operation program 60 may be input into the control device 50 by an operator, for example, or may be sent to the control device 50 from another control device via communication or the like. That is, the operation program 60 may be sent to the control device 50 from another device (from the outside), or may be stored in advance inside the control device 50 (for example, in the program storage unit 32 described later). .

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of operation commands used to control the lathe 100. The operation program 60 is configured by including a plurality of operation commands 70. FIG. 2 shows an operation command 70, which is one block in the operation program 60. This block is a unit that is simultaneously processed by the control device 50, for example. The control device 50 causes the first tool drive section 23 and the second tool drive section 24 to perform operations based on the plurality of operation commands 70 included in the operation program 60 in the order of the operation commands 70 indicated by the operation program 60. and execute it.

As shown in FIG. 2, the operation command 70, which is one block, includes a first command 70a regarding the feed position and feed speed of the first tool 41 with respect to the first tool drive unit 23, and a second tool It includes a second command 70b regarding the feed position of the second tool 42 with respect to the drive unit 24 and the feed speed of the second tool 42. Note that the "origin" used in the following explanation is the origin in the work reference. The origin of the workpiece reference is set, for example, at the intersection of the rotary shaft 11 and the end surface of the workpiece 1 on the opposite side to the main shaft 10 . Note that the ";" (semicolon) shown at the end of each block indicates the end of one block.

The first command 70a includes an identifier "X" representing the feeding direction (X direction) of the first tool 41 in the first tool driving section 23, and a destination as the feeding position of the first tool 41 in the X direction with reference to the origin. The coordinate value “△△△ (△ is a number)”, the identifier “F” representing the feed speed of the first tool 41 in the first tool drive section 23, and the numerical value “○○○” representing the feed speed of the first tool 41 (○ is a number, the unit is mm/min). The second command 70b includes an identifier "Z" representing the feeding direction (Z direction) of the second tool 42 in the second tool driving section 24, and a destination as the feeding position of the second tool 42 in the Z direction with reference to the origin. The coordinate value “□□□ (□ is a number)”, the identifier “FF” representing the feed speed of the second tool 42 in the second tool drive section 24, and the numerical value “***” representing the feed speed of the second tool 42 (* is a number, the unit is mm/min).

Note that although this operation command 70 (the first command 70a and the second command 70b) uses the coordinate value of the destination as the sending position, it is not limited to this form. For example, the feed amount to the destination may be used as the feed position. In this case, "△△△ (△ is a number)" in the first command 70a is the feed amount (unit: mm), and "□□□ (□ is a number)" in the second command 70b is the feed amount ( The unit is mm).

The operation command 70, which is one block, is written in the order of a first command 70a and a second command 70b. The operation program 60 includes a plurality of operation commands 70 as described above. Note that when operating either the first tool drive section 23 or the second tool drive section 24, that is, when processing the workpiece 1 with either the first tool 41 or the second tool 42, the operation command 70 , one of the first command 70a and the second command 70b is written.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of a functional block configuration of the control device 50. As shown in FIG. 3, the control device 50 includes a program input section 31, a program storage section 32, a command reading section 33, a command reception section 34, a command identification section 35, a first command output section 36, A second command output section 37 is provided. The program input unit 31 receives an operation program 60 from an externally provided host controller (not shown), CAD system, program creation device, or the like. The operation program 60 may be input to the program input unit 31 via a network such as a wireless LAN (Local Area Network) or a wired LAN, or via various storage media such as a CD-ROM, USB memory, etc. It may also be done via

The program storage unit 32 stores the operation program 60 input to the program input unit 31. The command reading section 33 reads out the motion commands 70 constituting the motion program 60 one by one from the motion program 60 stored in the program storage section 32 and sends the read motion command 70, which is one block, to the command reception section 34. send. The command reception unit 34 receives the operation command 70 sent from the command reading unit 33. The command reception unit 34 sends the received operation command 70 to the command identification unit 35.

The command identification unit 35 identifies the first command 70a and the second command 70b from the operation command 70 received by the command reception unit 34. When operating both the first tool drive section 23 and the second tool drive section 24 at the same time, the operation command 70 includes a first command 70a and a second command 70b. Further, when operating only the first tool driving section 23, the operation command 70 includes the first command 70a, but does not include the second command 70b. When operating only the second tool driving section 24, the operation command 70 includes the second command 70b, but does not include the first command 70a.

The command identification unit 35 extracts from the operation command 70 an identifier “X” representing the feeding direction of the first tool 41 in the first tool driving unit 23 and an identifier representing the feeding speed of the first tool 41 in the first tool driving unit 23. The part containing "F" is identified as the first command 70a and extracted. Further, the command identification unit 35 receives the identifier “Z” representing the feeding direction of the second tool 42 in the second tool driving unit 24 and the feeding speed of the second tool 42 in the second tool driving unit 24 from the operation command 70. The part containing the identifier "FF" is identified as the second command 70b and extracted.

In addition, in the operation command 70 that is one block, the command identification unit 35 may identify the description on the left side as the first command 70a, and identify the description following the first command 70a as the second command 70b. In addition, in the operation command 70 that is one block, a specific description (for example, "//", "・", "*", "-") is inserted between the description of the first command 70a and the description of the second command 70b. , a specific character such as "S"), and the command identification unit 35 identifies the description earlier than the specific description as the first command 70a based on the specific description, and The latter description may be identified as the second command 70b.

The command identification unit 35 sends the first command 70a extracted from the operation command 70 to the first command output unit 36. Further, the command identification unit 35 sends the second command 70b extracted from the operation command 70 to the second command output unit 37. The first command output section 36 outputs the first command 70a sent from the command identification section 35 to the first tool drive section 23. The second command output section 37 outputs the second command 70b sent from the command identification section 35 to the second tool drive section 24.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing an example of the operation of the control device 50. First, the work 1 is transported to the main spindle 10 by a work transport device (not shown) or the like, and the work 1 is held on the main spindle 10 by a main spindle chuck (not shown). Furthermore, prior to machining the workpiece 1, the operation program 60 is input to the control device 50. The program input unit 31 of the control device 50 receives an externally input operation program 60 and stores it in the program storage unit 32.

When machining of the workpiece 1 is started in the lathe 100, as shown in FIG. Each operation command 70 constituting 60 is read out one by one. The command reading section 33 sends the read operation command 70 to the command receiving section 34 . Subsequently, in step S2, the command reception unit 34 of the control device 50 receives the operation command 70, which is one block, sent from the command reading unit 33. The command reception unit 34 sends the received operation command 70 to the command identification unit 35.

Subsequently, in step S3, the command identification unit 35 of the control device 50 identifies the first command 70a and the second command 70b from the operation command 70 received by the command reception unit 34. Further, the command identification unit 35 extracts the first command 70a from the operation command 70, and extracts the second command 70b from the operation command 70. The command identification unit 35 sends the first command 70a extracted from the operation command 70 to the first command output unit 36. The command identification unit 35 sends the second command 70b extracted from the operation command 70 to the second command output unit 37.

Subsequently, in step S4, the first command output section 36 of the control device 50 outputs the first command 70a extracted by the command identification section 35 to the first tool drive section 23. Further, in step S5, the second command output section 37 of the control device 50 outputs the second command 70b extracted from the command identification section 35 to the second tool drive section 24.

The first tool driving unit 23 that has received the output of the first command 70a moves the first tool 41 in the feeding direction (X direction) of the first tool 41 included in the first command 70a based on the first command 70a. It is moved at a feed rate of ``○○○'' mm/min to the coordinate value ``△△△'' of the destination, which is the feed position. By this feeding (movement) of the first tool 41, a predetermined position of the workpiece 1 is machined based on the first command 70a. Further, the second tool driving unit 24 that has received the output of the second command 70b moves the second tool 42 in the feeding direction (Z direction) of the second tool 42 included in the second command 70b based on the second command 70b. ) at a feed rate of ``***'' mm/min to the coordinate value ``□□□'' of the destination, which is the feed position. By this feeding (movement) of the second tool 42, a predetermined position of the workpiece 1 is machined based on the second command 70b.

Subsequently, in step S6, the control device 50 determines whether the processing up to the final operation command 70 of the operation program 60 has been completed. If the processing up to the final operation command 70 has not been completed (No in step S6), the process returns to step S1, and the command reading section 33 reads out the next operation command 70 of the operation program 60 and sends it to the command receiving section 34. That is, the processes from step S1 to step S6 are sequentially executed.

In step S6, if the control device 50 determines that the processing up to the final block of the operation program 60 has been completed (Yes in step S6), the control device 50 ends the processing. Note that, for example, the control device 50 causes the first tool drive section 23 and the second tool drive section 24 to move the first tool 41 and the second tool 42 to their respective initial positions (positions evacuated from the workpiece 1). It may be controlled to return. Through this control, the first tool drive section 23 and the second tool drive section 24 move the first tool 41 and the second tool 42 to the retracted positions from the workpiece 1, respectively. In this way, machining of the workpiece 1 by the lathe 100 is completed.

(Concrete example)
FIG. 5 shows a specific example of the operation program 60 described above. The operation program 60 shown in FIG. 5 has a plurality of operation commands 70 that are one block. When the operation program 60 shown in FIG. 5 is input to the control device 50, the control device 50 performs the processing from step S1 to step S6 as described above for each of the operation commands 70(1) to 70(5). Execute sequentially. First, in the first operation command 70(1) of the operation program 60, "X0.0Z0.0" is written. This first operation command 70(1) is transmitted by the first tool drive section 23 and the second tool drive section 24 to the first tool 41 and the second tool 42 (the first tool rest 21 and the second tool rest 22). , respectively, indicate that they are arranged at predetermined machining start positions (coordinate values "X" = "0.0", Z = "0.0").

Next, since the second operation command 70(2) of the operation program 60 includes the identifier "X" and the identifier "F" in step S3 of FIG. The operation command 70(2) is identified as the first command 70a2. That is, the second operation command 70(2) corresponds to the first command 70a2. Note that since the second operation command 70(2) does not include the identifier "Z" and the identifier "FF", the command identification unit 35 extracts the second command 70b from the second operation command 70(2). Not extracted.

This first command 70a2 is outputted to the first tool drive unit 23 by the first command output unit 36. Based on the first command 70a, the first tool driving unit 23 moves the The first tool 41 is sent at a feed rate of "120" mm/min to the coordinate value "10.0" which is the feed position. By this movement of the first tool 41, the part of the workpiece 1 to be machined is machined.

Subsequently, since the third operation command 70(3) of the operation program 60 includes the identifier "Z" and the identifier "FF" in step S3 of FIG. The operation command 70(3) is identified as the second command 70b3. That is, the third operation command 70(3) corresponds to the second command 70b3. Note that since the third operation command 70(3) does not include the identifier "X" and the identifier "F", the command identification unit 35 extracts the first command 70a from the third operation command 70(3). Not extracted.

This second command 70b3 is outputted to the second tool drive unit 24 by the second command output unit 37. Based on the second command 70b, the second tool driving unit 24 moves the second tool 42 from the Z-direction coordinate value "0.0" after executing the first operation command 70(1) to the Z-direction coordinate value "0.0". The second tool 42 is sent at a feed rate of 300 mm/min to the feed position of coordinate value 15.0. By this movement of the second tool 42, the part of the workpiece 1 to be machined is machined. Note that although the third operation command 70(3) described above uses the identifier "FF," the identifier "F" may be used similarly to the second operation command 70(2). That is, when the operation command 70 is either the first command 70a or the second command 70b, the identifier indicating the feed rate may be shared. The third operation command 70(3) may be written as "Z15F300" instead of the form shown in FIG. The command identification unit 35 identifies the second operation command 70(2) as the first command 70a2 by including the identifier "X", and assigns the identifier "Z" to the third operation command 70(3). " is included, it is identified as the second command 70b3, and the first tool drive section 23 or the second tool drive section 24 is controlled respectively at the feed rate following the identifier "F".

Subsequently, in the fourth operation command 70(4) of the operation program 60, in step S3 of FIG. ” is identified as the first command 70a4. Further, the command identification unit 35 identifies the portion of the fourth operation command 70(4) that includes the identifier "Z" and the identifier "FF" as the second command 70b4. The fourth operation command 70(4), which is one block, includes a first command 70a4 and a second command 70b4. Note that in the fourth operation command 70(4), the command identification unit 35 identifies the first written part as the first command 70a4, and identifies the later written part or the written part following the first command 70a4 as the second command 70b4. It may be identified as The first command 70a4 extracted by the command identification section 35 is outputted to the first tool drive section 23 by the first command output section 36. Further, the second command 70b4 extracted by the command identification section 35 is outputted to the second tool drive section 24 by the second command output section 37.

Based on the first command 70a4, the first tool driving unit 23 converts the X-direction coordinate value "10.0" of the first tool 41 after executing the second operation command 70(2) to the X-direction coordinate value "10.0". The first tool 41 is sent at a feed rate of 300 mm/min to a coordinate value of 20.0, which is the feed position. At the same time, the second tool driving unit 24 changes the coordinate value "15.0" in the Z direction of the second tool 42 after executing the third operation command 70(3) based on the second command 70b4. The second tool 42 is fed at a feed rate of 240 mm/min to a coordinate value of 25.0, which is the feed position in the direction. By each movement of the first tool 41 and the second tool 42, the portions of the workpiece 1 to be machined are machined.

Note that in the fourth operation command 70(4), the timing of starting feeding (starting machining) of the first tool 41 and the timing of starting feeding (starting machining) of the second tool 42 are the same or almost the same. However, in this fourth operation command 70(4), the timing of the end of feeding of the first tool 41 (end of machining) is different from the timing of the end of feeding of the second tool 42 (end of machining). Note that the operation command 70 may be such that the timing of the end of feeding of the first tool 41 and the timing of the end of feeding of the second tool 42 are the same or almost the same. Furthermore, in the fourth operation command 70(4) described above, the identifiers "F" and "FF" are used to indicate the feed speed of the first command 70a4 and the feed speed of the second command 70b4, It is not limited to this form. For example, the fourth operation command 70(4) includes specific descriptions (identifiers) "//", "・", "*", "-" that indicate a partition between the first command 70a4 and the second command 70b4. ”, etc., by adding a description readable (identifiable) by the command identification unit 35, the first command 70a4 and the second command 70b4 may share the symbol “F” indicating the feed speed. good. That is, the fourth operation command 70(4) may be written as "X20F300//Z25F240" or "X20F300*Z25F240" instead of the form shown in FIG. 5, for example.

In this way, the first tool driving section 23 and the second tool driving section 24 feed the first tool 41 and the second tool 42 to different feeding positions (feeding directions) at different feeding speeds, so that the workpiece 1 can be moved, respectively. It becomes possible to process. Note that in the fourth operation command 70(4), the feed speed in the first command 70a4 and the feed speed in the second command 70b4 are different, but the feed speed in the first command 70a4 and the feed speed in the second command 70b4 The feed speeds may be the same.

Subsequently, since the fifth operation command 70(5) of the operation program 60 includes the identifier "Z" and the identifier "FF" in step S3 of FIG. The operation command 70(5) is identified as the second command 70b5. That is, the fifth operation command 70(5) corresponds to the second command 70b5. Note that since the fifth operation command 70(5) does not include the identifier "X" and the identifier "F", the command identification unit 35 extracts the first command 70a from the fifth operation command 70(5). Not extracted.

This second command 70b5 is outputted to the second tool drive unit 24 by the second command output unit 37. Based on the second command 70b5, the second tool driving unit 24 moves the Z-direction coordinate value “25.0” of the second tool 42 after executing the fourth operation command 70(4) to the Z-direction coordinate value “25.0”. The second tool 42 is sent at a feed rate of 150 mm/min to the feed position of coordinate value 35.0. By this movement of the second tool 42, the part of the workpiece 1 to be machined is machined.

Note that after executing the fifth operation command 70(5), the control device 50 executes the final operation command (fifth operation command 70(5)) of the operation program 60, as shown in step S6 in FIG. ) is determined to have been completed, and the processing regarding the operation program 60 is ended. Note that the control device 50 controls the first tool drive unit 23 and the second tool drive unit 24 to move the first tool 41 and the second tool 42 to their respective initial positions (positions evacuated from the workpiece 1) or to the above-mentioned positions. It may be controlled to return to the machining start position.

(Comparative example)
Next, for comparison, control in a conventional lathe (machine tool) will be explained. In a conventional lathe, when feeding a tool to a plurality of feeding positions, a feeding speed in a feeding direction that linearly complements the X direction and the Z direction is set. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of an operation program used in a conventional lathe. The operation program 60x shown in FIG. 6 and the operation program 60 shown in FIG. 5 described above differ in the description of the fourth operation command 70x4. The conventional lathe control device performs the same control as the control device 50 of the present embodiment described above in the first to third and fifth operation commands 70x1 to 70x3 and 70x5 of the operation program 60x.

In the operation program 60x used in the conventional lathe, as in the fourth operation command 70x4, the coordinate values of the destination, which is the feed position of the first tool 41, and the coordinate values of the destination, which is the feed position of the second tool 42, are set. , is described as one feed rate "F○○○ (○ is a numerical value, the unit is mm/minute)". This feed rate is the feed rate in the direction obtained by linearly interpolating the feed position of the first tool 41 in the X direction and the feed position of the second tool 42 in the Z direction. Therefore, it is not the value of the moving speed at which the first tool driving section 23 moves the first tool 41 in the X direction, nor is it the value of the moving speed at which the second tool driving section 24 moves the second tool 42 in the Z direction.

In the conventional lathe control device, the first tool drive section 23 moves from the X-direction coordinate value "10.0" to the feed position coordinate value "20.0" based on the fourth operation command 70x4 of the operation program 60x. '', and the second tool driving unit 24 feeds the second tool 42 from the coordinate value "15.0" in the Z direction to the coordinate value "25.0", which is the feed position. However, the feed speed F "424.2" mm/min described in the fourth operation command 70x4 is a speed in a direction that is linearly interpolated with respect to the coordinate values of the feed position in the X direction and the Z direction.

The conventional lathe control device controls the first tool drive unit 23 and the second tool drive unit so as to send the first tool 41 and the second tool 42 over a linearly interpolated distance at a feed rate F of 424.2 mm/min. 24. As a result, the timing at which the first tool drive unit 23 starts feeding the first tool 41 and the timing at which the second tool drive unit 24 starts feeding the second tool 42 are simultaneous, and the first tool drive unit The timing of the end of feeding of the first tool 41 by the second tool drive section 23 and the timing of the end of feeding of the second tool 42 by the second tool drive section 24 are the same. Therefore, if the distance at which the first tool 41 is sent and the distance at which the second tool 42 is sent are different, the speed at which the first tool 41 is sent by the first tool drive unit 23 and the speed at which the second tool 42 is sent by the second tool drive unit 24 are different. The sending speed will be different.

In other words, even if the feed rate F is set with the fourth operation command 70x4, the feed rate in the linearly complementary direction is set, so the desired feed rate for both the first tool 41 and the second tool 42 is set. This means that you will not be able to send it. As described above, in the lathe according to this comparative example, both the first tool 41 and the second tool 42 cannot be fed at feed rates suitable for machining the workpiece 1, respectively.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the first command 70a regarding the feed position and feed rate of the first tool 41 to the first tool drive unit 23, and the first command 70a regarding the feed position and feed rate of the first tool 41 to the second tool drive unit 24, When a motion command 70 that is one block including a second command 70b regarding a feed position and a feed speed is received, the first tool 41 is sent based on the first command 70a included in the motion command 70 to process the workpiece 1. Then, the second tool 42 is sent to process the workpiece 1 based on the second command 70b included in the operation command 70. In this way, when processing the workpiece 1, the first tool driving section 23 and the second tool driving section 24 control the first tool 41 and the second tool 41 at individual feed rates based on the first command 70a and the second command 70b. The workpiece 1 can be processed by sending the tool 42. Therefore, the first tool drive unit 23 and the second tool drive unit 24 can feed the first tool 41 and the second tool 42 at appropriate feed speeds (suitable machining conditions), and process the workpiece 1 with high precision. can do.

In the embodiment described above, the program input section 31, program storage section 32, command reading section 33, command reception section 34, command identification section 35, first command output section 36, and second command output section 37 of the control device 50 are By loading the program into a computer, the program may be realized as a concrete means in which software and hardware resources cooperate.

[Second embodiment]
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the first embodiment described above, the first tool 41 is moved in the X direction and the second tool 42 is moved in the Z direction with respect to the workpiece 1, but the present invention is not limited to this embodiment. FIG. 7 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an example of a lathe (machine tool) 100A according to the second embodiment. Note that in FIG. 7, the same components as those in the above-described embodiment are given the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted or simplified. Furthermore, in the following description, the Xa direction and the Xb direction are used for distinction. The Xa direction and the Xb direction are both parallel to the X direction of the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 7, the lathe 100A includes a main spindle 10, a tool rest 20A, and a control device 50.

The tool rest 20A includes a first tool rest 21A, a second tool rest 22A, a first tool drive section 23A, and a second tool drive section 24A. The first tool post 21A holds a first tool 41A that processes the workpiece 1 held by the spindle 10. The first tool 41A is removably held at a predetermined position on the first tool rest 21A by a holder (not shown) provided in the first tool rest 21A. The first tool rest 21A may have a form capable of holding a plurality of first tools 41A, such as a turret-like tool rest or a comb-like tool rest, for example. In this case, the first tool 41A used for machining the workpiece 1 is selected and used from among the plurality of first tools 41A.

The first tool drive unit 23A sends the first tool rest 21A to the workpiece 1 held by the main spindle 2 in the Xa direction. By moving the first tool rest 21A in the Xa direction, the workpiece 1 held by the spindle 10 and rotating is machined in the Xa direction by the first tool 41A. The first tool driving section 23A uses, for example, a configuration using an electric motor and a ball screw mechanism. In the present embodiment, the first tool drive section 23A moves the first tool rest 21A in the Xa direction, but is not limited to this form. For example, the first tool drive section 23A moves the first tool rest 21A in the and Z direction), each direction of the Z direction, or a direction in which these directions are combined.

The second tool post 22A holds a second tool 42A that processes the workpiece 1 held by the spindle 10. The second tool 42A is removably held at a predetermined position on the second tool rest 22A by a holder (not shown) provided in the second tool rest 22A. The second tool rest 22A may have a form capable of holding a plurality of second tools 42A, such as a turret-like tool rest or a comb-like tool rest, for example. In this case, the second tool 42A used for machining the workpiece 1 is selected and used from among the plurality of second tools 42A.

The second tool drive unit 24A sends the second tool rest 22A to the workpiece 1 held by the main spindle 2 in the Xb direction. As the second tool post 22A is sent in the Xb direction, the workpiece 1 held by the spindle 10 and rotated is machined in the Xb direction by the second tool 42A. The second tool driving section 24A uses, for example, a configuration using an electric motor and a ball screw mechanism. In the present embodiment, the second tool drive section 24A sends the second tool rest 22A in the Xb direction, but is not limited to this form. For example, the second tool drive section 24A sends the second tool rest 22A in the and Z direction), each direction of the Z direction, or a direction in which these directions are combined.

The first tool rest 21A and the second tool rest 22A are provided at different positions in the lathe 100A. Therefore, the first tool 41A of the first tool rest 21A and the second tool 42A of the second tool rest 22A perform processing on different positions of the workpiece 1. Further, the first tool 41A and the second tool 42A process the workpiece 1 while moving in the same X direction (Xa direction, Xb direction) of the first tool drive section 23A and the second tool drive section 24A. However, the feeding position (coordinate values) of the first tool 41A by the first tool driving section 23A and the feeding position (coordinate values) of the second tool 42A by the second tool driving section 24A are different from each other.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example of an operation command used to control the lathe 100A. The operation program 60A is configured by including a plurality of operation commands 70, similar to the operation program 60 of the first embodiment. FIG. 8 shows an operation command 70, which is one block in the operation program 60A. The control device 50 of the lathe 100A performs operations based on the plurality of operation commands 70 included in the operation program 60A, in the order of the operation commands 70 indicated by the operation program 60A, in the first tool drive section 23A and the second tool drive section. 24A.

As shown in FIG. 8, the operation command 70, which is one block, includes a first command 70c regarding the feed position and feed speed of the first tool 41A with respect to the first tool drive section 23A, and a second tool 41A. It includes a second command 70d regarding the feed position of the second tool 42A relative to the drive unit 24A and the feed speed of the second tool 42A.

The first command 70c includes an identifier "Xa" representing the feeding direction (Xa direction) of the first tool 41A in the first tool driving unit 23A, and a destination as the feeding position of the first tool 41A in the Xa direction with reference to the origin. The coordinate value "△△△ (△ is a number)", the identifier "F" representing the feed speed of the first tool 41A in the first tool drive section 23A, and the numerical value "○○○" representing the feed speed of the first tool 41A (○ is a number, the unit is mm/min). The second command 70d includes an identifier "Xb" representing the feeding direction (Xb direction) of the second tool 42A in the second tool drive unit 24A, and a destination as the feeding position of the second tool 42A in the Xb direction with reference to the origin. The coordinate value "□□□ (□ is a number)", the identifier "FF" representing the feed speed of the second tool 42A in the second tool drive unit 24A, and the numerical value "***" representing the feed speed of the second tool 42A (* is a number, the unit is mm/min).

Note that although this operation command 70 (the first command 70c and the second command 70d) uses the coordinate values of the destination as the sending position, it is not limited to this form. For example, the feed amount to the destination may be used as the feed position. In this case, "△△△ (△ is a number)" in the first command 70c is the feed amount (unit: mm), and "□□□ (□ is a number)" in the second command 70d is the feed amount ( The unit is mm).

The operation command 70, which is one block, is written in the order of a first command 70c and a second command 70d. The operation program 60A includes a plurality of operation commands 70 as described above. Note that when operating either the first tool drive unit 23A or the second tool drive unit 24A, that is, when processing the workpiece 1 with either the first tool 41A or the second tool 42A, the operation command 70 , one of the first command 70c and the second command 70d is written.

A control device 50 included in the lathe 100A is similar to the control device 50 of the first embodiment shown in FIG. The control device 50 of the lathe 100A controls the lathe 100A according to the flowchart shown in FIG. 4 described above. The control device 50 uses the command reading unit 33 to read each operation command 70 from the operation program 60A one by one and sends it to the command reception unit 34, and sends the operation command 70 to the command identification unit 35 (step S1 to step in FIG. 4). (See S2). Subsequently, the command identifying unit 35 of the control device 50 identifies the first command 70c and the second command 70d from the operation command 70 received by the command receiving unit 34 (see step S3 in FIG. 4).

The command identification unit 35 identifies the portion of the operation command 70 that includes the identifier "Xa" and the identifier "F" as the first command 70c. Further, the command identifying unit 35 identifies a portion of the operation command 70 that includes the identifier "Xb" and the identifier "FF" as the second command 70d. In addition, the command identification unit 35 may identify the first written part in the operation command 70 as the first command 70c, and identify the later written part or the written part following the first command 70c as the second command 70d. . The command identification unit 35 extracts the first command 70c from the operation command 70, and extracts the second command 70d from the operation command 70.

The command identification unit 35 sends the first command 70c extracted from the operation command 70 to the first command output unit 36 (see step S4 in FIG. 4). The command identification unit 35 sends the second command 70b extracted from the operation command 70 to the second command output unit 37 (see step S5 in FIG. 4). The first command 70c is outputted by the first command output section 36 to the first tool driving section 23A. Further, the second command 70d is outputted by the second command output section 37 to the second tool driving section 24A.

Based on the first command 70c, the first tool driving unit 23A moves the first tool 41A along the feed direction Xa direction of the first tool 41A included in the first command 70c, to the coordinate value of the destination which is the feed position. Move it to "△△△" at a feed rate of "○○○" mm/min. By this feeding (movement) of the first tool 41A, a predetermined position of the workpiece 1 is machined based on the first command 70c. Further, based on the second command 70d, the second tool driving unit 24A moves the second tool 42A along the feeding direction Move to the coordinate value "□□□" at a feed rate of "***" mm/min. By this feeding (movement) of the second tool 42A, a predetermined position of the workpiece 1 is machined based on the second command 70d.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, even when the first tool 41A and the second tool 42A are sent in the same parallel direction (Xa direction and Xb direction), the first tool 41A and the second tool 42A are The tool 41A and the second tool 42A can be fed at appropriate feed speeds (suitable machining conditions), and the workpiece 1 can be machined with high precision.

[Other embodiments]
In the first and second embodiments described above, the first tool drive units 23, 23A move the first tools 41, 41A in the X direction and the Xa direction, and the second tool drive units 24, 24A move the first tools 41, 41A in the X direction and the Xa direction. Two tools 42 and 42A are being moved in the Z direction and the Xb direction. That is, the first tool drive units 23, 23A and the second tool drive units 24, 24A will be described using an example in which the first tools 41, 41A and the second tools 42, 42A are moved in one direction. However, it is not limited to this form. For example, the first tool drive units 23, 23A and the second tool drive units 24, 24A may be configured to move the first tools 41, 41A and the second tools 42, 42A in two or more directions, respectively. For example, the first tool drive units 23, 23A and the second tool drive units 24, 24A move the first tools 41, 41A and the second tools 42, 42A in three directions, the X direction, the Y direction, and the Z direction, respectively. You may let them.

In this case, for example, in the operation command 70 that is one block, the identifiers of the feed directions of the first tools 41 and 41A of the first tool drive units 23 and 23A are set as "Xc, Yc," as the first commands 70a and 70c, respectively. After this identifier, write the coordinate value "△△△" of the destination, which is the feed position (for example, "Xc△△△, Yc△△△, Zc△△△"), and write the feed speed identifier. "F" and a numerical value "○○○" indicating the feed speed of the first tools 41, 41A is written after this identifier. In addition, in the operation command 70 that is one block, the identifiers of the feed directions of the second tools 42 and 42A of the second tool drive units 24 and 24A are set as "Xd, Yd, and Zd" as the second commands 70b and 70d, respectively. After this identifier, write the coordinate value "□□□" of the destination, which is the feed position (for example, "Xd□□□, Yd□□□, Zd□□□"), and write the feed rate identifier as "FF". After this identifier, a numerical value "***" indicating the feed speed of the second tools 42, 42A is written.

The control device 50 of the lathe 100, 100A uses the command identification unit 35 to identify the first commands 70a, 70c and the second commands 70b, 70d from the operation command 70, which is one block, and assigns each to the first tool drive unit. 23, 23A and the second tool drive section 24, 24A. The first tool driving units 23 and 23A send the first tools 41 and 41A to process the workpiece 1 based on the first commands 70a and 70c. The second tool driving units 24 and 24A send the first tools 41 and 41A to process the workpiece 1 based on the second commands 70b and 70d.

In this way, even when moving the first tool 41, etc. in two or more directions, the first tool 41, etc. can be moved appropriately by performing the same control as in the first and second embodiments described above. It can be fed at a high speed (suitable machining conditions), and the workpiece 1 can be machined with high precision.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes or improvements can be made to the embodiments described above. Furthermore, forms with such changes or improvements are also included within the technical scope of the present invention. Furthermore, one or more of the requirements described in the above-described embodiments may be omitted. Furthermore, the requirements described in the above-described embodiments and the like can be combined as appropriate. In addition, to the extent permitted by law, the disclosures of all documents cited in the above-mentioned embodiments are incorporated into the description of the main text. Moreover, the execution order of each process shown in this embodiment can be realized in any order as long as the output of the previous process is not used in the subsequent process. Further, even if the operations in the above-described embodiments are described using "first", "next", "successively", etc. for convenience, it is not essential that they be performed in this order.

Furthermore, in the embodiment described above, a case has been described in which two first tools 41 and second tools 42 (or first tools 41A and second tools 42A) are used, but the present invention is not limited to this embodiment. For example, the lathes 100 and 100A may use three or more tools. In this case, like the first tool 41 and the second tool 42 in the above-described embodiment, three or more tools may be moved independently in a predetermined direction, or three or more tools may be moved independently in a predetermined direction. Of these, at least two tools may be moved independently in predetermined directions, like the first tool 41 and the second tool 42 in the above-described embodiment.

1... Workpiece 10... Spindle 20, 20A... Turret 23, 23A... First tool drive section 24, 24A... Second tool drive section 34... Command receiving section 35... - Command identification section 36... First command output section 37... Second command output section 41, 41A... First tool 42, 42A... Second tool 50... Control device 60, 60A. ...Movement program 70...Movement commands 70a, 70c...First commands 70b, 70d...Second commands 100, 100A...Lathe (machine tool)

Claims (5)

a first tool drive unit that sends a first tool for processing the workpiece;
a second tool drive unit that sends a second tool for processing the workpiece;
a control device that controls operations of the first tool drive section and the second tool drive section,
The control device includes:
a first command regarding a feed position of the first tool and a feed rate of the first tool with respect to the first tool drive unit; a feed position of the second tool and a feed rate of the second tool with respect to the second tool drive unit; a command reception unit that receives an operation command, which is one block including a second command related to the operation;
a command identification unit that identifies the first command and the second command from the operation commands received by the command reception unit;
a first command output unit that outputs the first command identified by the command identification unit to the first tool drive unit;
a second command output unit that outputs the second command identified by the command identification unit to the second tool drive unit ,
The operation command includes a machining operation on the workpiece by the first tool and a machining operation on the workpiece by the second tool . It is further equipped with a main shaft that holds the workpiece,
The workpiece according to claim 1, wherein each of the first tool drive section and the second tool drive section sends the first tool and the second tool, respectively, to different positions of the workpiece held by the main spindle. machine. The machine tool according to claim 2, wherein a feeding position of the first tool by the first tool driving section and a feeding position of the second tool by the second tool driving section are different. The machine tool according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the feed speed of the first tool by the first tool drive section and the feed speed of the second tool by the second tool drive section are different. A method for controlling a machine tool, comprising: a first tool drive section that sends a first tool for processing a workpiece; and a second tool drive section that sends a second tool for processing the workpiece.
a first command regarding a feed position of the first tool and a feed rate of the first tool with respect to the first tool drive unit; a feed position of the second tool and a feed rate of the second tool with respect to the second tool drive unit; receiving an operation command that is one block including a second command regarding the
identifying the first command and the second command from the operation command;
outputting the first command to the first tool drive unit;
outputting the second command to the second tool drive section ,
A method for controlling a machine tool, wherein the operation command includes a machining operation on the workpiece by the first tool and a machining operation on the workpiece by the second tool .

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