JP3199319B2 - Multi-axis / multi-path numerical control method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a method for controlling a machine tool provided with a numerical controller, and more particularly, to a method for controlling a multi-axis multi-system. [Prior art] NC in a conventional numerical control (hereinafter referred to as "NC") device
According to the method, a control system (hereinafter, referred to as a system) having a plurality of movable axes as one control object can be configured, a plurality of configured systems can be operated simultaneously, and a process can be waited between the respective systems. There was nothing. However, in recent years, although partly, a system in which a system is configured by an arbitrary axis in an initial state, and a system in which a waiting is possible between systems has begun to be introduced. [Problems to be Solved by the Invention] With the advent of the latter NC device, various processes can be performed simultaneously compared to the conventional NC device device, and furthermore, idle time, This has led to a reduction in tact time. However, this NC device can be configured with a plurality of axes only in the initial state, and it was not possible to change the system during processing. Also, regarding the feed speed of axes arranged in the same direction, there may be cases where multiple feed axes are involved in processing, in which case, a program must be created taking into account the relative speed and relative position Did not. The present invention has been made in order to explain the above problems, and provides a method that can perform machining more efficiently and can be programmed without concern for the relative speed and relative position of the feed axes in the system. The purpose is to do. [Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a step of selecting and setting one or more movable axes of three or more axes to configure a plurality of control systems, and Movable not selected from the selected and set movable axes constituting the plurality of control systems in response to a stop signal from at least one of the selected and set movable axes or from the selected and set movable axes. And a step of configuring a new control system by selecting and setting from the axes, further comprising a step of performing queuing for time synchronization between the plurality of control systems until a queuing condition is satisfied. The step of calculating and calculating the amount of movement of the movable shaft to be performed from the content of the relative operation, the amount of relative movement, and the amount of movement of the movable shaft to be relatively moved is provided. A machine tool having three or more movable axes is controlled by a multi-axis, multi-system numerical control method combining steps. Embodiment An embodiment of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing the concept of the present invention. Each instruction registered in the program is processed by the arithmetic processing unit, and as a result, the movable axes on the machine constitute a system, and thereafter, operate according to the program while waiting and calculating the amount of relative operation (coordinate position and speed). I do. FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an NC automatic lathe having an NC device capable of performing the control method according to the present invention. On the bed 12, a first headstock 1 slidable in the Z1 axis direction, Z3 parallel to the sliding direction of the first headstock 1
The second headstock 9 slidable in the axial direction, the first tool rest 2 slidable in the X1 axis direction orthogonal to the sliding direction of the first headstock 1, X1
A second tool rest 8 and a guide bush 10 slidable in the X2 axis direction parallel to the axial direction and the Z2 axis direction parallel to the Z1 axis direction are arranged. The workpiece 5 is held by a chuck (not shown) of the first headstock 1, and further supported by a guide bush 10. The workpiece 11 is held by a chuck (not shown) of the second headstock 9. These workpieces 5 and 11 are machined by the tools 4 and 6 indexed by the first turret 3 and the second turret 7. 3 (a) and 3 (b) show one embodiment and another embodiment of the machining method using the NC automatic lathe described in FIG. (A) Example of machining with two control systems FIG. 3A shows an example of machining with the first headstock 1 and the first tool rest 2 and simultaneous machining with the first headstock 1 and the second tool rest 8.
Shown in The outer diameter of the workpiece 5 is cut by the tool 4 by executing the interpolation operation of the Z1 axis and the X1 axis, and at the same time, the interpolation of the Z2 axis and the X2 axis is executed by the tool 6 to execute the interpolation operation. For cutting the outer diameter of In this case, two control systems (X1, Z1) and (X2, Z2) for simultaneous cutting are configured. The feed speed of the Z2 axis must be calculated from the feed speed of the tool 6 with respect to the workpiece 5 indicated by the feed speed of the Z1 axis and the relative speed. (B) Example of machining by three control systems Simultaneous machining by the first headstock 1 and the first tool rest 2 and simultaneous machining by the first headstock 1 and the second tool rest 8 and the second headstock 9 and the second tool rest 8. An example is shown in FIG. 3 (b). The outer diameter of the workpiece 5 is cut by the tool 4 by the interpolation operation of the Z1 axis and the X1 axis, and at the same time, the workpiece 6 is processed by the relative operation of the Z2 axis to the Z1 axis and the Z3 axis to the Z1 axis and the Z2 axis. The holes 5 and 11 are drilled. In this case, three control systems that operate simultaneously (X1, Z1), (X2, Z2) and (Z3) are configured. At this time, the feed speed of the Z2 axis is calculated from the feed speed of the tool 6 with respect to the workpiece 5 indicated by the feed speed of the Z1 axis and the relative speed, and the feed speed of the Z3 axis is the Z2 calculated above. Workpiece 11 indicated by shaft feed rate and relative speed
Must be obtained by calculation from the cutting feed speed of the tool 6 with respect to. When the outer diameter cutting of the workpiece 5 is completed, the Z1 axis and the Z3 axis are exchanged, the control system is newly reconfigured, and the outer diameter cutting of the workpiece 11 is performed. FIGS. 3 (a) and 3 (b) show an embodiment using an NC automatic lathe, and the present invention is not limited to these two examples, but may be applied to other commonly used machines. It goes without saying that the same can be used for processing. Further, in this embodiment, the movement of the axis is two-dimensional, but it can be used without any problem for a three-dimensional movement such as a machining center or a milling machine. The processing method has been described first so that the contents of the present invention can be easily understood. However, a method of creating a program for actually performing the numerical control will be described with reference to FIGS. Will be described. FIG. 4 is a flowchart for creating a program. This is described below. I) Control systems (X1, Z1), (X2,
Z3) and (Z3) are divided into three, each of which is declared, and the movable axis controlled by each control system is selected and set. In this embodiment, all the arranged axes are system-declared. However, it is also possible to leave the axes that are not used initially and select and set them later by system declaration when necessary. → ,,
II) Standby processing of each of system 1 (outer diameter cutting of work 5), system 2 (drilling of work 5), and system 3 (drilling of work 11) classified according to the processing Perform axis movement to the position. →, III) System 1 starts machining after confirming that the movement of the standby position of systems 2 and 3 has been completed. Processing starts with confirmation. →, IV) In system 2, as shown in FIG. 3 (a), the second turret 8 moves relative to the first headstock 1 so that the cutting feed speed is specified in the Z1 axis direction. Must be performed, a calculation (for speed and coordinate position) is performed from the amount of relative movement and the amount of movement of the headstock to determine the amount of movement. → Similarly, in the system 3, the calculation is performed from the amount of relative movement of the second headstock 9, and the amount of movement of the second headstock 9 is obtained. → V) In the systems 2 and 3, a waiting is performed until the coordinates of the processing start can be confirmed, and after the confirmation, the processing starts. → ,,, VI) When the machining of the system 1 is completed, the Z1 axis is retracted to the home position, and a wait is made with the completion of the machining of the system 3 to make a new system declaration. →, VII) When the confirmation of the waiting is completed, the new control system is replaced. And the new system 3 by recombination
Since the Z1 axis is obviously in a stopped state, the waiting can be omitted. However, if the Z1 axis is declared in advance as a system and a program containing an operation for completing the drilling and waiting is created, a new system 3 is not formed. →, VIII) In the system 3, the standby position of the Z1 axis is retracted, and in the system 2, the standby positions of the X2 and Z2 axes are retracted after confirmation by their respective waits. →, IX) In the system 1, the standby position movement for the system 2 and the system 3 is confirmed by waiting, and the standby position movement for the next processing is performed. →, X) If necessary, a second spindle machining tool (not shown) is selected, and then the outer diameter cutting of the workpiece 11 (see FIG. 3) is performed. Is withdrawn from the standby position, and the processing ends. At that time, the processes of the systems 2 and 3 have already been completed. In the above-described embodiment, the systems 2 and 3 complete the program after moving to the standby position. However, by indexing the second turret 7 (see FIG. 3) and preparing another tool, the system is damaged. It is also possible to cut the end faces of the workpieces 5 and 11 during the outer diameter cutting of the workpiece 11. FIGS. 5A, 5B, and 5C show programs created based on the above flowchart. The numbers at the left end correspond to the numbers in the flowchart. The instructions according to the present invention are described below. B) System declaration directive-G930.1 (X1, Z1) 930 indicates the system declaration, and the mathematics below the decimal point indicates the type of system. Then, to configure as a system, the axis to be selected and set is specified by (). This command can be declared not only in the initial state but also at any time as shown in the above flowchart. However, the declaration must be made in consideration of the operation of the involved axes and interference. B) Waiting command-G911 (X □□□□□□ Q200) (Z □□□ Q300) 911 indicates waiting, and the sequence number of the process to be waited for is designated by Q. A point of the waiting condition is designated by inputting an axis name such as X, Z, etc., followed by coordinates. The coordinates are not limited to the final point of the process to be specified, and a point in the middle can also be specified. C) Relative operation command-G940 (G930.1 * G930.2 / Z2 = Z2 + Z1) 940 indicates the relative operation command, and specify the conditions in parentheses. On the left side of /, a system having a relative operation is designated using *. When the relative operation is performed within the same system, only one system name needs to be input. On the right side of /, the content of the relative operation is directly designated here as a calculation formula for calculating the amount of operation from the amount of relative operation. Of course, it is also possible to specify indirectly using a number or a symbol. The amount of motion obtained by the calculation is for the speed and the coordinate position. The sum of the operation of the Z1 axis (in this case, the operation in system 1) and the cutting feed rate (Z2 on the right side of =) is defined as Z2. Therefore, for example, the conditions of Z and F can be automatically replaced with those calculated from the operation of the Z1 axis by inputting the conditions desired to be processed by the amount of relative movement. Each command of the present invention is a G code in consideration of general versatility.
There is nothing wrong with using code or any other code. In this embodiment, the number of constituent axes of the system is two or less, but it goes without saying that the same can be applied to three or more axes. [Effects of the Invention] As described above, if the command according to the present invention is used in a program, a plurality of axes can be configured as a system at an arbitrary time. Therefore, further improvement in idle time and the like is expected. In addition, since the relative motion amount can be input without worrying about the relative motion amount of the axis, the program creation time can be shortened and the calculation error of the motion amount can be prevented.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing the concept of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an NC automatic lathe using an NC program according to the present invention, and FIGS. 3 (a) and (b) are FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing one embodiment and another embodiment of the machining method using the NC automatic lathe described in FIG. 2, FIG. 4 is a flowchart for the machining shown in FIG. 3 (b),
FIGS. 5 (a), (b) and (c) show an embodiment of a program created based on the flowchart shown in FIG.

Continuation of front page    (72) Inventor Takahiro Nakagawa               840 Takeshi, Takeno, Shimotomi, Tokorozawa, Saitama               Zun Clock Co., Ltd.                    Panel     Referee Takeshi Kobayashi     Judge Isao Kirimoto     Judge Takayuki Suzuki                (56) References JP-A-60-3006 (JP, A)                 JP-A-59-81706 (JP, A)

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. In a multi-axis multi-system numerical control method in which a machine tool having three or more movable axes is controlled by a numerical controller having a plurality of control systems, each of the movable axes has one axis. Configuring a plurality of control systems selected and set as described above, and selecting and setting movable axes configured to configure the plurality of control systems in response to a stop signal from at least one of the movable shafts selected and set by the plurality of control systems. Or from the movable axis and the movable axis that has not been selected and set to the plurality of control systems, to configure a new control system, and until a waiting condition is satisfied between the plurality of control systems. And performing a wait for time synchronization. 2. 2. The multi-axis multi-path numerical control method according to claim 1, wherein the waiting condition includes a signal obtained during operation. 3. A system declaration command constituting a plurality of control systems is a G code including at least a command code indicating the system declaration command and a movable axis name to be selectively set. 2. The multi-axis / multi-path numerical control method according to claim 1, wherein the G code is a G code including a process name to be started when is satisfied. 4. In a multi-axis / multi-path numerical control method for controlling a machine tool having three or more movable axes by a numerical controller having a plurality of control systems, a plurality of control systems each having one or more movable axes selected and set are provided. And receiving a stop signal from at least one of the movable axes selected and set by the plurality of control systems, from the selected set movable axes constituting the plurality of control systems, or the movable shaft and the plurality of Steps to select and set from the movable axes that have not been selected and set to the control system, and to configure a new control system, the amount of operation of the movable axis that performs relative operation, the content of the relative operation, the amount of relative operation, Calculating from the amount of movement of the movable shaft to be relatively moved and operating the movable shaft. 5. 5. The numerical control method according to claim 4, wherein the amount of the relative motion is a speed and a coordinate position. 6. A system declaration command constituting a plurality of control systems is a G code including at least a command code indicating the system declaration command and a movable axis name to be selectively set, and the relative operation command is at least a movable axis to be subjected to relative operation is selectively set. 5. The numerical control method for a multi-axis multi-system according to claim 4, wherein the multi-axis multi-system numerical control is performed using a G code including the contents of the control system and the relative operation.