JP7403419B2 - Measuring equipment and surveying systems - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a measuring device used for performing vertical measurements, or a surveying system that performs three-dimensional measurements of a multi-story structure using the measuring device.

In a multi-story structure, when measuring the reference point on the upper floor from the reference point on the lower floor, a through hole (ink hole) should be provided in the floor above the floor so that it is located vertically above the reference point on the lower floor. , a vertical target device with a prism directed downward is installed in the through hole, a laser beam is emitted vertically upward from a measuring device installed at a reference point on the lower floor, and the reflected light from the prism is detected to detect the prism. The reference point of the lower floor is transferred to the upper floor based on the measurement result, or the position relative to the reference point of the lower floor is known.

Furthermore, a surveying device is installed at a second reference point on the upper floor that has transferred the reference point on the lower floor, or a second reference point on the upper floor that is known with respect to the reference point on the lower floor, and the surveying device The upper floors are measured using the reference point as a reference, or a horizontal target device is installed at the second reference point, and the horizontal target device is measured to measure the position relative to the second reference point.

Therefore, in the past, two steps were required: transferring the reference point to the upper floor or making known the second reference point on the upper floor, and installing the surveying device at the second reference point. This required equipment such as a surveying device to be installed at the second reference point.

Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 11-304488 JP 2019-219319 Publication Patent No. 3008293

The present invention provides a measuring device and a surveying system that simplify the work of measuring upper floors based on the lower floors of the upper floors, and further simplify the measurement of three-dimensional data of multi-story structures based on the lower floors. This is what we provide.

The present invention includes a leveling table, a device body mounted on the leveling table, and a prism provided on the device body to retroreflect light from vertically below, and the device body has a center of measurement. and the prism has an optical center, the measurement center and the optical center have a known relationship, and the device main body and the prism are leveled integrally. It is something.

Further, in the present invention, a hole penetrating vertically is provided in the central part of the leveling table, the device main body has a center line passing through the measurement center, and the prism is provided so as to face the penetrating hole. The present invention relates to a measuring device in which the measuring center and the optical center of the prism have a known relationship with respect to the center line.

Further, in the present invention, the device main body has a plug portion that fits with the leveling table, the prism is provided on the lower surface of the plug portion, the optical center of the prism is located on the center line, and the prism is located on the center line. This relates to a measuring device in which the distance between an optical center and the measurement center is known.

The present invention also relates to a measuring device in which the prism is held by a prism holder, and the prism holder is detachable from the plug portion.

Further, in the present invention, the device main body is a surveying device, and the device main body includes a holder that can be rotated in the horizontal direction about a horizontal rotation axis, and a measurement device that is provided on the mount that can be rotated in the vertical direction. The prism is provided on the lower surface of the measuring section, an optical path passing through the holder is formed at the center of the horizontal rotation axis, and the prism is arranged in the optical path in the reference posture of the measuring section. The measuring device faces the penetrating hole through the prism, the optical center of the prism is located on the center line, and the distance between the optical center and the measurement center is known.

Further, in the present invention, the device main body is a surveying device, and the device main body includes a holder that can be rotated in the horizontal direction about a horizontal rotation axis, and a measurement device that is provided on the mount that can be rotated in the vertical direction. and a prism holder mounted horizontally from a side surface of the mount, an optical path passing through the mount is formed at the center of the horizontal rotation axis, and the prism holder has an inner end. a deflection optical member, and the prism at the outer end thereof, the deflection optical member deflects the light beam incident from the optical path so as to enter the prism, and the deflection point of the optical path of the deflection optical member and the measurement center are The present invention relates to a measuring device in which the distance between the optical path deflection point and the optical center of the prism is the same or the difference is known.

The present invention also relates to a measurement device in which the device main body is a GPS device, and the measurement center of the GPS device and the optical center have a known positional relationship.

Further, in the present invention, the device main body is a prism device including an omnidirectional prism, the omnidirectional prism has an optical center as a measurement center, and the measurement center and the optical center have a known positional relationship. This is related to a measuring device.

The present invention also relates to a measurement device in which the device main body is a target device including a target, the center of the target is a measurement center, and the measurement center and the optical center have a known positional relationship. be.

The present invention also provides a reference surveying device that is equipped with the above-mentioned measurement device and a surveying device capable of measuring the three-dimensional coordinates of a measurement target vertically upward, and that is capable of measuring vertically upward at the original reference point of the lower floor. The present invention relates to a surveying system configured to measure the three-dimensional coordinates of the optical center of a prism included in the main body of the device through an ink hole provided in the floor of the upper floor using the reference surveying device.

Further, the present invention is equipped with the above measurement device and a surveying device capable of measuring the three-dimensional coordinates of a measurement target vertically upward, and the surveying device capable of measuring vertically upward at the original reference point of the lower floor is used as a reference surveying device. The present invention relates to a surveying system configured to measure the three-dimensional coordinates of the optical center of a prism included in the main body of the device through an ink hole provided in the floor of an upper floor using the reference surveying device.

Further, the present invention is equipped with the above measurement device and a surveying device capable of measuring the three-dimensional coordinates of a measurement target vertically upward, and the surveying device capable of measuring vertically upward at the original reference point of the lower floor is used as a reference surveying device. The present invention relates to a surveying system configured to measure the three-dimensional coordinates of the optical center of a prism included in the main body of the device through an ink hole provided in the floor of an upper floor using the reference surveying device.

The present invention also provides a surveying method in which a prism or an omnidirectional prism is provided at an upper end position of the measuring device, and the positional relationship between the optical center of the prism or omnidirectional prism and the measurement center of the measuring device is set to be known. It is related to the system.

Further, in the present invention, the reference surveying device is a total station, and measures the three-dimensional coordinates of the optical center based on the original reference point, and determines the deviation between the three-dimensional coordinates of the optical center and the original reference point, and the deviation of the three-dimensional coordinates of the optical center from the original reference point. The present invention relates to a surveying system that measures three-dimensional coordinates based on the original reference point of the measurement center based on a known positional relationship between the measurement center and the optical center.

Further, in the present invention, the measuring device is a total station or a laser scanner installed above an ink hole provided vertically above the original reference point on the upper floor, and the measuring device This relates to a surveying system that converts measurement data into measurement data based on an original reference point.

Further, in the present invention, the device main body measures the earth coordinates of the optical center based on the known positional relationship with the earth coordinates of the measurement center of the GPS device measured by the GPS device, and determines the original reference point of the optical center. The present invention relates to a surveying system that converts measurement data acquired by the reference surveying device into earth coordinates based on three-dimensional coordinates as a reference and the earth coordinates.

Further, the present invention further includes an omnidirectional prism installed at the upper end position of the GPS device, and a local surveying device installed on an upper floor, and the position of the optical center of the omnidirectional prism and the measurement center of the GPS device is The relationship is set to be known, the local surveying device acquires measurement data for the upper floors and measures the omnidirectional prism, and the local surveying device or the reference surveying device combines the measurement results of the omnidirectional prism with the omnidirectional prism. The present invention relates to a surveying system that converts measurement data of the local surveying device into three-dimensional data of the earth coordinates based on a known positional relationship between an optical center of an azimuth prism, the measurement center, and the optical center.

Further, the present invention further includes a local surveying device installed on the upper floor, the local surveying device acquiring measurement data about the upper floor and measuring the omnidirectional prism, and the local surveying device or the reference surveying device Based on the measurement results of the omnidirectional prism, the optical center of the omnidirectional prism, the measurement center, and the known positional relationship between the optical center, the measurement data of the local surveying device is based on the original reference point. This relates to a surveying system that converts into three-dimensional data.

Furthermore, the present invention further includes a local surveying device installed on the upper floor, the local surveying device acquiring measurement data about the upper floor and measuring the measurement center of the measuring device, and the local surveying device or The reference surveying device converts the measurement data of the local surveying device into three-dimensional data based on the original reference point based on the measurement results of the measurement center and the known positional relationship between the measurement center and the optical center. This is related to a surveying system.

According to the present invention, the apparatus includes a leveling stand, a device main body mounted on the leveling stand, and a prism provided on the device main body to retroreflect light from vertically below, and the device main body performs measurement. The prism has an optical center, the measurement center and the optical center have a known relationship, and the apparatus main body and the prism are configured to be leveled together, so that downward By measuring the prism from , the center of measurement of the measuring device can be immediately known.

Further, according to the present invention, the measuring device is equipped with a surveying device capable of measuring the three-dimensional coordinates of the measurement target vertically upward, and the surveying device capable of measuring the vertically upward direction is set at the original reference point of the lower floor for reference surveying. The device was installed as a device and was configured to measure the three-dimensional coordinates of the optical center of the prism of the device main body through an ink hole provided in the floor of the upper floor using the standard surveying device. There is no need to install it vertically to a reference point, and the excellent effect is that reference points on upper floors can be easily set based on the original reference point.

Further, according to the present invention, the measuring device is a total station or a laser scanner installed above a black hole provided vertically above the original reference point on the upper floor, and the measuring device is a measurement center that is measured by the measuring device. Since the reference measurement data is converted into measurement data based on the original reference point, it is possible to easily obtain three-dimensional data of the multi-story structure based on the original reference point of the lower floor.

Further, according to the present invention, the device main body measures the earth coordinates of the optical center based on the known positional relationship with the earth coordinates of the measurement center of the GPS device measured by the GPS device, and measures the earth coordinates of the optical center based on the earth coordinates of the measurement center of the GPS device measured by the GPS device, and Since the measurement data acquired by the reference surveying device is converted to earth coordinates based on the three-dimensional coordinates based on a point and the earth coordinates, it is possible to convert the measurement data obtained by the reference surveying device into earth coordinates. Dimensional coordinates can be obtained.

Furthermore, according to the present invention, the GPS device further includes an omnidirectional prism installed at an upper end position and a local surveying device installed on an upper floor, and the optical center of the omnidirectional prism and the measurement center of the GPS device The local surveying device acquires measurement data for the upper floors and also measures the omnidirectional prism, and the local surveying device or the reference surveying device obtains the measurement results of the omnidirectional prism. Based on the known positional relationship between the optical center of the omnidirectional prism, the measurement center, and the optical center, the measurement data of the local surveying device is converted into three-dimensional data of the earth coordinates, so the original reference of the lower floor is This provides an excellent effect in that it is possible to easily obtain three-dimensional data in the earth coordinate system of a multi-layered structure based on a point.

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a measuring device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. (A) and (B) are explanatory diagrams of leveling operation. FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a measuring device according to a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a measuring device according to a third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a prism unit according to a third embodiment. It is a schematic diagram of the GPS device as a measuring device concerning the 4th example of the present invention. It is a schematic diagram of the measuring device concerning the 5th example of the present invention, and the measuring device is a prism device. It is a schematic diagram of the measuring device based on the 6th example of the present invention, and is a figure showing other examples of the prism device. It is a schematic diagram of the measuring device based on the 7th example of the present invention, and the measuring device is a target device. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a state in which the target plate of the target device is rotated. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a first surveying system according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a second surveying system according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a third surveying system according to an embodiment of the present invention. 1 is a schematic diagram of a GPS device as a measuring device used in a surveying system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a measuring device according to a first embodiment of the invention.

A surveying device 1 is shown as the measuring device of the first embodiment. The surveying device 1 mainly includes a leveling table 2 and a device main body 3 provided on the leveling table 2. Further, in this embodiment, a total station is shown as the main body 3 of the apparatus.

The leveling stand 2 has a pedestal 5 and a leveling plate 6, and a leveling screw 7 is provided between the leveling plate 6 and the pedestal 5. The inclination of the quasi-plate 6 is adjusted. A through hole 8 is provided in the center of the pedestal 5.

A fitting hole 9 for mounting the device main body 3 is provided in the center of the leveling plate 6. The fitting hole 9 vertically passes through the leveling plate 6. Note that the fitting hole 9 may be a bottomed hole such as a seat hole, and it is sufficient that the center portion thereof is penetrated. Therefore, the leveling table 2 has a hole vertically passing through the center thereof.

Further, the leveling plate 6 is provided with a tilt detector 11 for detecting the inclination of the leveling plate 6 with respect to the horizontal. The inclination detector 11 includes a device capable of detecting inclination, such as an inclination sensor or a bubble tube.

The device main body 3 has a base 13, a pedestal section 14, and a measuring section 15.

The base 13 has a plug portion 17 formed on its lower surface that fits into the fitting hole 9, and a bearing portion 18 formed on its upper surface. The plug portion 17 is fitted into the fitting hole 9, and the base 13 is fixed to the leveling plate 6. Note that the plug portion 17 and prism holder 19 are shown in a simplified manner.

A prism holder 19 is provided at the center of the plug portion 17 from below. A prism 21 is held in the prism holder 19 so as to face the fitting hole 9 and the through hole 8 . The prism holder 19 may be fixedly provided on the base 13, or may be provided removably. Moreover, when providing it fixedly, the prism holder 19 may be omitted and the prism 21 may be provided directly on the base 13.

A horizontal rotation shaft 22 is rotatably provided on the bearing section 18, and the horizontal rotation shaft 22 is connected to the mount section 14, and the mount section 14 rotates in the horizontal direction about the horizontal rotation shaft 22. It is possible.

A horizontal rotation gear 23 is fixed to the bearing portion 18, and a horizontal drive gear 24, which will be described later, meshes with the horizontal rotation gear 23.

The measuring section 15 is housed in a recess in the central part of the cradle section 14, and a vertical rotating shaft 25 extends horizontally from the measuring section 15, and both ends of the vertical rotating shaft 25 are connected to the cradle section. It protrudes into the inside of 14. The measuring section 15 is rotatably supported by the rack section 14 via the vertical rotation shaft 25.

A vertical rotation gear 26 is fixed to one end of the vertical rotation shaft 25. A vertical rotation motor 27 is provided inside the rack portion 14, and a vertical drive gear 28 provided on the output shaft of the vertical rotation motor 27 meshes with the vertical rotation gear 26. The measurement unit 15 is rotated in the vertical direction via the vertical drive gear 28, the vertical rotation gear 26, and the vertical rotation shaft 25. The vertical rotation motor 27, the vertical drive gear 28, the vertical rotation gear 26, etc. constitute a vertical drive section 29.

An elevation angle detector 31 is provided at the other end of the vertical rotation shaft 25 . The elevation angle detector 31 detects the rotation angle of the vertical rotation shaft 25, and for example, an encoder is used.

A horizontal rotation motor 32 is provided inside the rack portion 14 , and the horizontal drive gear 24 is provided on the output shaft of the horizontal rotation motor 32 , and the horizontal drive gear 24 meshes with the horizontal rotation gear 23 . do. The horizontal rotation motor 32, the horizontal drive gear 24, the horizontal rotation gear 23, etc. constitute a horizontal drive section 33.

A horizontal angle detector 34 is provided on the horizontal rotation shaft 22 . The horizontal angle detector 34 detects the rotation angle of the horizontal rotation shaft 22, and for example, an encoder is used.

A tilt detector 35 is provided inside the pedestal section 14 . The inclination detector 11 includes a device capable of detecting inclination, such as an inclination sensor or a bubble tube.

Incidentally, either the inclination detector 11 provided on the leveling plate 6 or the inclination detector 35 provided in the pedestal section 14 may be omitted.

The measurement section 15 has a measurement center O that serves as a measurement reference, and the measurement center O is located on the rotation axis of the horizontal rotation shaft 22, that is, on the rotation center line of the holder section 14. Further, this rotation center line coincides with the center line 36 of the device main body 3. Note that the reference posture of the measuring section 15 is a state in which the distance measuring optical axis (not shown) of the measuring section 15 is perpendicular to the center line of the apparatus main body 3.

Further, the measuring section 15 houses a light wave distance measuring section (not shown) comprising a distance measuring optical system (not shown), a distance measuring calculation section, etc., and the distance measuring light is transmitted through the distance measuring optical system. By receiving the emitted and reflected distance measuring light, optical distance measurement is performed with the measurement center as a reference.

A control section (not shown) is provided inside the rack section 14, and angle detection signals from the elevation angle detector 31 and the horizontal angle detector 34 are input to the control section. A tilt detection signal from the tilt detector 11 and the horizontal angle detector 34 is input.

The control section controls the distance measurement section, the horizontal drive section, and the vertical drive section, and uses the distance measurement results from the distance measurement section, the elevation angle detector 31, and the angle from the horizontal angle detector 34. Three-dimensional measurement of the measurement point is performed based on the detection signal.

The prism 21 has an optical center, and the optical center is located on the rotation axis of the horizontal rotation shaft 22, that is, on the center line 36, and the distance Hp between the optical center and the measurement center O is known. It becomes. Therefore, the optical center and the measurement center O have a known relationship with respect to the center line 36. Further, the prism 21 retroreflects the incident light beam.

By installing the above-described surveying device 1 at a measurement reference point and performing measurements, it is possible to perform measurements as a normal surveying device using the measurement reference point as a reference, and to obtain the three-dimensional coordinates of the measurement point.

Further, the surveying device 1 can be used as a target device for vertical measurement when performing vertical measurement.

Hereinafter, with reference to FIG. 1 and FIGS. 2(A) and 2(B), a description will be given of the target function during vertical measurement and the acquisition of three-dimensional coordinates based on the reference point of the lower floor.

FIG. 1, FIG. 2(A), and FIG. 2(B) show a case where a support device such as a tripod is omitted and the pedestal 5 is directly installed on the floor surface.

In FIG. 1, FIG. 2(A), and FIG. 2(B), 37 is the floor slab of the upper floor, 38 is the floor surface, and 39 is a through hole (black hole) 39 provided in the floor slab 37. .

2(A) and 2(B) show a case where the surveying device 1 is installed on an inclined floor surface 38.

The surveying device 1 is installed on the floor surface 38 so that the measurement center of the surveying device 1 substantially coincides with the center of the ink hole 39.

The leveling screw 7 is used to correct the inclination of the leveling plate 6 to make the leveling plate 6 horizontal (levelling). The tilt detector 11 confirms whether the leveling plate 6 is leveled.

Furthermore, since the device body 3 is integrated with the leveling plate 6, when the leveling plate 6 is leveled, the device body 3 is also leveled. Note that whether or not the device main body 3 has been leveled can be confirmed based on the detection result of the tilt detector 35. Furthermore, as described above, either one of the tilt detector 11 and the tilt detector 35 can be omitted.

Furthermore, since the device body 3 is integrated with the leveling plate 6, there is no change in the distance between the measurement center O and the optical center of the prism 21, and when the device body 3 is leveled, The center line of the device main body 3 is vertical.

Therefore, by measuring the prism 21 from vertically below with the device main body 3 leveled, the position of the measurement center O can be measured.

The optical center of the prism 21 can be measured by a reference surveying device (described later) installed on the lower floor. A device capable of measuring vertically upward, such as a total station, is used.

The reference surveying device is installed at a reference point (hereinafter referred to as the original reference point) set vertically below the ink hole 39 on the lower floor, and the reference surveying device collects measurement data (3 dimensional coordinates).

By measuring the prism 21 with the reference surveying device, it is possible to obtain the coordinate deviation of the measurement center O of the surveying device 1 with respect to the original reference point.

Based on this coordinate deviation, the measurement results of the upper floors obtained by the surveying device 1 can be converted into measurement data (three-dimensional data) based on the original reference point.

A second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

The measuring device shown in the second embodiment is a surveying device 1, and a total station is shown as the main body 3 of the device. In FIG. 3, the same components as those shown in FIG.

In the second embodiment, a prism 21 is provided in the measuring section 15.

The horizontal rotation shaft 22 is a hollow shaft with an optical path 41 formed therein, and the center line of the optical path 41 coincides with the rotation center of the horizontal rotation shaft 22 . Further, the optical path 41 is formed so as to vertically pass through the pedestal section 14.

A prism holder 19 is provided on the lower surface of the measurement section 15, and the prism holder 19 has a prism 21 directed downward so as to face the optical path 41 and further face the fitting hole 9 and the through hole 8. , is retained.

The optical center of the prism 21 is located on the center line of the apparatus main body 3 when the measuring section 15 is in the standard posture.

Light from vertically below enters the prism 21 through the through hole 8, the fitting hole 9, and the optical path 41, and is retroreflected by the prism 21.

In the second embodiment as well, the distance between the optical center of the prism 21 and the measurement center O is known.

When the surveying device 1 is installed at the position of the ink hole 39 and leveled by the leveling stand 2 to enable vertical measurement, the control device controls the measurement unit based on the detection result of the elevation angle detector 31. 15 is set as the reference posture.

Since the measuring unit 15 is in the standard attitude and the prism 21 is facing vertically downward, the optical center of the prism 21 can be measured by a standard surveying device (not shown) installed on the lower floor.

The reference surveying device is installed at the original reference point on the lower floor, and the reference surveying device acquires measurement data (three-dimensional coordinates) based on the original reference point.

By measuring the prism 21 with the reference surveying device, the optical center of the prism 21 can be measured, and furthermore, the coordinate deviation of the measurement center O of the surveying device 1 from the original reference point can be obtained.

The measurement of the upper floors by the surveying device 1 and the work of converting the measurement results of the upper floors into measurement data based on the original reference point are the same as in the first embodiment.

In the second embodiment, since an optical path passing through the horizontal rotation shaft 22 and the leveling table 2 is formed, the guide light is emitted vertically downward from the measuring section 15. Can be done. By emitting the guide light vertically downward, the position of the surveying device 1 can be visually confirmed, and it becomes easy to install the surveying device 1 at a reference point.

A third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5.

In the third embodiment, a surveying device 1 is shown as a measuring device, and the surveying device 1 is equipped with a total station as a device main body 3.

In FIG. 4, the same components as those shown in FIG. 3 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and their explanations will be omitted.

As shown in Patent Document 3, some surveying devices are equipped with a centripetal telescope.

The centripetal telescope has an optical axis that coincides with the center line 36 of the surveying device, and is a telescope (not shown) that allows visual confirmation of the installation position of the surveying device.

A telescope fitting hole 43 is provided from the side surface of the mount 14 and passes horizontally above the horizontal rotating shaft 22, and a centripetal telescope (not shown) can be attached and detached from the horizontal direction to the telescope fitting hole 43. There is.

In the third embodiment, after the centripetal telescope is removed from the telescope fitting hole 43, the prism unit 44 is inserted into the telescope fitting hole 43.

The prism holder 45 of the prism unit 44 has the same shape as the lens barrel of the centripetal telescope, and is hollow.

A deflection optical member (for example, a mirror or a prism) 46 is provided at the inner end (tip) of the prism holder 45 . With the prism holder 45 mounted, the deflection optical member 46 is set to be located at the upper end of the optical path 41 (that is, on the center line), and the deflection optical member 46 is set to be located at the upper end of the optical path 41 (that is, on the center line), and the deflection optical member 46 is set to be located at the upper end of the optical path 41 (that is, on the center line), is deflected in the axial direction (horizontal direction) of the prism holder 45.

A prism 21 is installed at the outer end of the prism holder 45 . The prism 21 is configured to face the fitting hole 9 and the through hole 8 via the deflection optical member 46. Further, although the prism 21 is exposed from the prism holder 45 in FIG. 4, it may be provided inside the prism holder 45.

The distance Hp between the reflective surface of the deflection optical member 46 (that is, the optical path deflection point) and the measurement center O (see FIG. 1) is the same as the distance Hs between the reflective surface of the deflection optical member 46 and the optical center of the prism 21. It is set so that If the values cannot be set the same, the value (difference) of (Hp-Hs) is known. Therefore, the measurement center O and the optical center of the prism 21 have a known relationship with respect to the center line 36.

In the third embodiment, when measuring the prism 21 from below, the distance measuring light incident along the center line of the device main body 3 is deflected by the deflection optical member 46 and enters the prism 21, Furthermore, it is retroreflected by the prism 21.

Further, as described above, since the distance Hp and the distance Hs are the same, the result of measuring the prism 21 from below is the same as the result of measuring the measurement center O, and therefore the prism 21 cannot be measured. The coordinates of the measurement center O can be measured.

Incidentally, the prism 21 may be incorporated into the centripetal telescope to serve both as the centripetal telescope and the prism unit 44.

Furthermore, in the case of a surveying apparatus that does not include a centripetal telescope, a fitting hole into which the prism unit 44 can be mounted may be provided separately.

Note that the surveying device 1 is not limited to a total station, but includes a laser scanner, a transit, a level, a laser marker, and the like.

FIG. 6 shows a fourth embodiment, in which a GPS device 47 is shown as a measuring device. Also, a GPS unit 48 is shown as the main body of the device.

In FIG. 6, parts equivalent to those shown in FIG. 1 are given the same reference numerals.

The GPS unit 48 has a base 49 and a GPS receiver 51 mounted on the base 49 via a support 50. Note that the leveling table indicated by 2 in the figure is the same as that described in the first and second embodiments.

A plug portion 17 is formed on the lower surface of the base 49. The plug portion 17 can be fitted into the fitting hole 9 formed in the leveling plate 6, and the plug portion 17 is the same as that described in the first and second embodiments. Therefore, the GPS unit 48 can be mounted on the leveling table 2 shown in the first and second embodiments.

A prism holder 19 is provided on the lower surface of the plug portion 17 so as to face the fitting hole 9 and the through hole 8, and the prism holder 19 is provided with a prism 21 directed vertically downward.

The optical center of the prism 21 and the measurement center O of the GPS receiver 51 are on the center line of the GPS unit 48, and the distance between the optical center and the measurement center is known.

By installing the GPS unit 48 at the position of the ink hole 39 and leveling the GPS unit 48 using the leveling stand 2, the measurement center O and the optical center are located on a vertical line. By measuring the prism 21 with the reference surveying device in the lower layer, three-dimensional coordinates based on the original reference point of the optical center of the prism 21 can be obtained. Furthermore, from the vertical distance between the optical center and the measurement center O, the three-dimensional coordinates of the measurement center O with the original reference point as a reference can be obtained.

Furthermore, based on the three-dimensional coordinates of the measurement center O in the earth coordinate system measured by the GPS receiver 51 and the measurement results with the original reference point of the optical center as a reference, 3D coordinates can be obtained.

Further, based on the three-dimensional coordinates of the original reference point in the earth coordinate system, the measurement data acquired on the lower floor by the reference surveying device can be coordinate-converted into three-dimensional data in the earth coordinate system.

Note that the GPS device is installed at a location where it can receive signals from artificial satellites, such as on a rooftop.

FIG. 7 shows a fifth embodiment, in which a prism device 52 is shown as a measuring device. Also, a prism unit 53 is shown as the main body of the device.

In FIG. 7, parts equivalent to those shown in FIG. 1 are given the same reference numerals.

The prism unit 53 has a base 49 and a corner cube 54 provided on the base 49 via a support 50. Note that the leveling table indicated by 2 in the figure is the same as that described in the first and second embodiments.

A plug portion 17 is formed on the lower surface of the base 49. The plug portion 17 is the same as that described in the first and second embodiments. Therefore, the prism unit 53 can be mounted on the leveling table 2 shown in the first and second embodiments.

A prism 21 directed vertically downward is provided on the lower surface of the plug portion 17. The distance between the optical center of the prism 21 and the optical center of the corner cube 54 is known.

By measuring the prism 21 and knowing the position (three-dimensional coordinates) of the optical center of the corner cube 54 from the known relationship between the prism 21 and the corner cube 54, the prism unit 53 can be used for measurement. It can be used as a standard. Further, the position of the optical center of the corner cube 54 corresponds to the measurement center O shown in the above embodiment.

FIG. 8 shows a sixth embodiment, and the sixth embodiment shows another example of the prism device 52. In FIG. 8, parts equivalent to those shown in FIGS. 1 and 8 are given the same reference numerals.

In the sixth embodiment, a prism unit 53 serving as the main body of the device includes a prism 55 all around the circumference. Note that the leveling table indicated by 2 in the figure is the same as that described in the first and second embodiments.

In the sixth embodiment as well, the optical center of the all-around prism 55 and the optical center of the prism 21 are on the center line of the prism unit 53, and the optical center of the all-around prism 55 and the optical center of the prism 21 are on the center line of the prism unit 53. The distance is known.

By measuring the prism 21, the position (three-dimensional coordinates) of the optical center of the all-around prism 55 is known, so that the optical center of the all-around prism 55 becomes a measurement reference point (measurement center O), and the prism device can be used as a basis for measurements on upper floors.

In the fifth and sixth embodiments, a corner cube and an all-round prism are shown, but it goes without saying that an omnidirectional prism or a single prism may be used.

9 and 10 show a seventh embodiment, in which a target device 56 is shown as a measuring device. Further, the target device 56 includes a target unit 57 as the device main body.

In FIGS. 9 and 10, parts equivalent to those shown in FIG. 1 are given the same reference numerals.

The target unit 57 has a target plate 59 provided on a base 49 of a leveling table via a support 50 and a frame 58. Note that the leveling table indicated by 2 in the figure is the same as that described in the first and second embodiments.

The target plate 59 is rotatably supported by the frame 58 about a horizontal axis, and is maintained in both horizontal and vertical positions.

The target plate 59 has a measurement center O that can be confirmed by image recognition, and the measurement center O is located on the center line of the target unit 57 passing through the optical center of the prism 21, and the measurement center O and the optical center are The distance Hp is known. Further, the measurement center O is located on the horizontal axis, and the position of the measurement center O does not change even if the target plate 59 rotates.

By measuring the prism 21, the position (three-dimensional coordinates) of the measurement center O of the target unit 57 is known, and furthermore, the measurement center O becomes a measurement reference point, and the target device can be used as a measurement reference.

FIG. 11 shows a first surveying system according to this embodiment.

A surveying device 1 is shown as a measuring device used in the surveying system, and a total station is shown as an example of the surveying device 1. Incidentally, any of the surveying apparatuses 1 shown in FIGS. 1, 3, and 4 can be used as the total station.

A surveying device 1 is provided above the ink hole 39. Note that the surveying device 1 functions as a local surveying device 61 provided at a position away from the original reference point P.

The local surveying device 61 is installed on the floor 38 of the upper floor via tripods 62, and installed so that the reference point (i.e., measurement center O) of the local surveying device 61 approximately coincides with the center of the ink hole 39. The position is determined. The local surveying device 61 is leveled by the leveling table 2 .

An original reference point P is set on the floor of the lower floor, and a surveying device 63 is installed at the original reference point. The surveying device 63 may be any surveying device that can measure the three-dimensional coordinates of the object to be measured vertically above, and FIG. 7 shows a total station as an example of the surveying device.

Further, the surveying device 63 measures the three-dimensional coordinates of the measurement object using the original reference point P as a reference, and functions as a reference surveying device 63.

Distance measurement light is emitted vertically upward from the reference surveying device 63, and the distance measurement light also irradiates the prism 21 (see FIGS. 1, 3, and 4), and the reference surveying device 63 detects the reflection from the prism 21. The position of the prism 21 is measured by receiving the light.

Based on the measurement results of the prism 21, the three-dimensional coordinates of the optical center of the prism 21 with respect to the original reference point P are obtained. Furthermore, since the measurement center O of the surveying device 1 is on a vertical line passing through the optical center of the prism 21, and the distance between the measurement center O and the optical center of the prism 21 is known, the measurement center The three-dimensional coordinates (hereinafter referred to as coordinate deviation) of O with respect to the original reference point P can be obtained.

Next, the local surveying device 61 measures the upper floors. Measurements are performed on pillars, walls, openings, floors, beams, interior materials, building blocks such as reinforcing bars, and building components related to equipment. ) is obtained.

Furthermore, the three-dimensional coordinates of the measurement center O with respect to the original reference point P are known, and based on the three-dimensional coordinates, the measured values of the upper floors measured by the surveying device 1 are set at the original reference point P. It can be converted into three-dimensional coordinates based on .

Furthermore, by performing similar measurements on other upper floors, it is possible to measure the three-dimensional coordinates of all floors of the building with respect to the original reference point P.

The three-dimensional coordinates (hereinafter referred to as three-dimensional data) acquired on the upper floor are converted into three-dimensional data based on the original reference point by transmitting the coordinate deviation from the reference surveying device 63 to the local surveying device 61. , the data may be processed by the local surveying device 61, or the measurement data of the upper floors may be transmitted from the local surveying device 61 to the reference surveying device 63, and the data may be processed by the reference surveying device 63. good.

Alternatively, after the measurement of the upper floors is completed, the acquired data may be separately input to a PC or the like, and data processing such as data conversion may be performed by the PC or the like.

FIG. 12 shows a second surveying system according to this embodiment, in which a prism device 52 is used as a measuring device. Also, a case is shown in which a full-circumference prism 55 is used as the main body of the device.

As described above, when the prism device 52 is used as a measurement device, the measurement center O of the prism device 52 is set as a new reference point (hereinafter referred to as a second reference point) with respect to the original reference point of the lower floor. It can be set on the upper floor as.

The second surveying system includes a local surveying device 61 installed on the upper floor. Incidentally, as the local surveying device 61, a device capable of measuring three-dimensional coordinates of a measurement object, such as a total station, is used.

The prism device 52 is measured by the local surveying device 61, and the installation position of the local surveying device 61 (the three-dimensional coordinates of the measurement center of the local surveying device 61) with respect to the second reference point is measured.

Next, the local surveying device 61 measures the upper floors. Measurements are performed on pillars, walls, openings, floors, beams, interior materials, building blocks such as reinforcing bars, and building components related to equipment. ) is obtained.

Since the positional relationship between the measurement center O of the local surveying device 61 and the second reference point is known, and the positional relationship between the original reference point and the second reference point is also known, the local surveying device 61 The measurement data obtained can be converted into three-dimensional measurement data based on the original reference point.

Thus, it is possible to obtain three-dimensional measurement data of the upper floors based on the original reference point.

Next, even when the target device 56 is used as a measurement device, a second reference point can be set on the upper floor, and the upper floor obtained by the local surveying device can be Measured data on a floor can be converted into three-dimensional measured data based on the original reference point of the lower floor.

FIG. 13 shows a third surveying system according to the present embodiment, in which a surveying device 1 is used as a measuring device, and an omnidirectional prism 65 is further provided in the surveying device 1. There is. Further, a total station is illustrated as the surveying device 1.

As explained in the first surveying system, the surveying device 1 functions as a local surveying device 61, particularly as a first local surveying device 61. A second local surveying device 68 is also provided on the upper floor.

The omnidirectional prism 65 is installed at the upper end of the stand of the local surveying device 61, or if a handle 66 is provided as shown in FIG. 65 may be provided. The point is that it is provided at the upper end of the local surveying device 61 so that light from all directions or substantially all directions is incident and retroreflected.

Further, the optical center of the omnidirectional prism 65 and the measurement center O of the local surveying device 61 have a known positional relationship.

The local surveying device 61 is installed, the prism 21 (not shown, see FIGS. 1, 3, and 4) provided in the local surveying device 61 is measured by the reference surveying device 63, and the prism 21 and the From the relationship with the measurement center O of the local surveying device 61, the measurement center O of the local surveying device 61 is known with respect to the original reference point P, and the position of the measurement center O and the optical center of the omnidirectional prism 65 is known. From this relationship, the three-dimensional coordinates of the optical center of the omnidirectional prism 65 are known with respect to the original reference point P.

Thereby, the optical center of the omnidirectional prism 65 can be set as a new measurement reference on the upper floor.

As described above, the first local surveying device 61 measures the upper floors and converts the measured data into data based on the original reference point. cannot be measured.

The second local surveying device 68 is installed at a position where it can measure the blind spot.

The second local surveying device 68 measures the omnidirectional prism 65 and specifies the installation position of the second local surveying device 68 with respect to the optical center of the omnidirectional prism 65.

Next, the second local surveying device 68 measures the upper floors including the blind spot, converts the obtained measurement data into three-dimensional data based on the optical center of the omnidirectional prism 65, and further, Based on the relationship between the optical center and the original reference point, it is converted into three-dimensional data using the original reference point as a reference.

The conversion of the measurement data acquired by the second local surveying device 68 into measurement data with the optical center as a reference, and the conversion of the measurement data with the optical center as a reference into measurement data with the original reference point as a reference, It may be executed by any one of the second local surveying device 68, the first local surveying device 61, and the reference surveying device 63, or it may be performed by using separately collected data on a PC or the like.

Thus, it is possible to measure the three-dimensional coordinates of all floors of the building with no blind spots based on the original reference point P.

The omnidirectional prism may be a single prism, a ring of prisms, or a regular octahedron. Further, the first local surveying device 61 and the second local surveying device 68 may be any measuring device capable of acquiring three-dimensional data, such as a laser scanner.

FIG. 14 shows a GPS device 71 as a measuring device, and a prism 72 is provided in the GPS device 47 shown in FIG. In FIG. 14, parts equivalent to those shown in FIG. 6 are given the same reference numerals, and their explanations will be omitted.

A case where the GPS device 71 is replaced with the prism device 52 and the first local surveying device 61 in the first surveying system and the second surveying system described above will be explained with reference to FIGS. 12 and 13. .

Incidentally, as the prism 72, an appropriate prism such as an omnidirectional prism or a circumferential prism can be used.

Here, the optical center of the prism 21 , the measurement center of the GPS receiver 51 , and the optical center of the prism 72 are on the center line of the GPS unit 48 , and the optical center of the prism 21 and the measurement center of the GPS receiver 51 are on the center line of the GPS unit 48 . The distance Hp to the measurement center and the distance Hs between the measurement center of the GPS receiver 51 and the optical center of the prism 72 are known.

The three-dimensional coordinates of the measurement center O based on the original reference point P can be obtained by measurement of the prism 21 by the reference surveying device 63, and the earth coordinates of the measurement center O can be obtained by measurement by the GPS receiver 51. can be obtained.

Furthermore, measurement data regarding the upper floors can be obtained through measurements by the first local surveying device 61 and the second local surveying device 68, and this measurement data is converted into measurement data based on the optical center of the prism 72. be able to.

Furthermore, since the positional relationship among the original reference point, the optical center of the prism 21, the measurement center of the GPS receiver 51, and the optical center of the prism 72 is known, the first local surveying device 61, the second The measurement data on the upper floors acquired by the local surveying device 68 and the measurement data on the lower floors acquired by the reference surveying device 63 can be converted into three-dimensional data in the earth coordinate system.

Thus, three-dimensional coordinate data in the earth coordinate system can be measured for all floors of the building.

In the above embodiment, measurement of the relative relationship between the standards of the lower and upper floors, such as transferring the reference point of the lower floor to the upper floor, or measuring the reference point of the upper floor with respect to the reference point of the lower floor, etc. It goes without saying that this can be done at multiple locations within the building being constructed.

1 Surveying device 2 Leveling stand 3 Device body 5 Pedestal 6 Leveling plate 7 Leveling screw 8 Through hole 9 Fitting hole 11 Inclination detector 13 Base 14 Strapping section 15 Measuring section 17 Plug section 19 Prism holder 21 Prism 22 Horizontal rotation axis 25 Vertical rotation axis 29 Vertical drive section 33 Horizontal drive section 35 Tilt detector 41 Optical path 43 Telescope fitting hole 44 Prism unit 48 GPS unit 55 All-round prism 61 First local surveying device 63 Reference surveying device 65 Omnidirectional Prism 68 Second local surveying device 71 GPS device

Claims (19)

A leveling stand, a device body mounted on the leveling platform, and a prism provided on the device body to retroreflect light from vertically below, the device body having a measurement center, and the device body having a measurement center, The measuring device is configured such that the prism has an optical center, the measurement center and the optical center have a known relationship, and the device main body and the prism are leveled together. A hole passing vertically is provided in the center of the leveling table, the device main body has a center line passing through the measurement center, and the prism is provided so as to face the hole passing through, and the prism has a center line passing through the center line. 2. The measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the measuring center and the optical center of the prism have a known relationship with respect to the optical center of the prism. The apparatus main body has a plug part that fits with the leveling table, the prism is provided on the lower surface of the plug part, the optical center of the prism is located on the center line, and the optical center and the measurement The measuring device according to claim 2, wherein the distance from the center is known. 4. The measuring device according to claim 3, wherein the prism is held by a prism holder, and the prism holder is detachable from the plug part. The device main body is a surveying device, and the device main body includes a holder that can be rotated in the horizontal direction about a horizontal rotation axis, and a measuring section that is provided on the mount that can be rotated in the vertical direction. , the prism is provided on the lower surface of the measuring section, an optical path passing through the holder is formed at the center of the horizontal rotation axis, and in a reference posture of the measuring section, the prism passes through the passing through the optical path. 3. The measuring device according to claim 2, wherein the optical center of the prism is located on the center line, and the distance between the optical center and the measurement center is known. The main body of the device is a surveying device, and the main body of the device includes a pedestal section that can be rotated in the horizontal direction around a horizontal rotation axis, a measurement section that is rotatable in the vertical direction on the pedestal section, and a measuring section that is rotatable in the vertical direction on the pedestal section. a prism holder mounted horizontally from a side surface of the frame, an optical path passing through the frame is formed at the center of the horizontal rotation axis, and the prism holder has a deflecting optical member at an inner end; The deflecting optical member has the prism at its outer end, and the deflecting optical member deflects the light beam incident from the optical path so as to enter the prism, and the distance between the optical path deflection point of the deflecting optical member and the measurement center, and the optical path deflection 3. The measuring device according to claim 2, wherein the distance between the point and the optical center of the prism is the same or the difference is known. 4. The measurement device according to claim 2, wherein the device main body is a GPS device, and a measurement center of the GPS device and the optical center have a known positional relationship. 3. The device main body is a prism device including an omnidirectional prism, and the omnidirectional prism has an optical center as a measurement center, and the measurement center and the optical center have a known positional relationship. The measuring device according to claim 3. The measuring device according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the device main body is a target device including a target, the target center is a measurement center, and the measurement center and the optical center have a known positional relationship. Device. A surveying device comprising the measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 6 and a surveying device capable of measuring the three-dimensional coordinates of a measurement target vertically upward, and capable of measuring vertically upward to an original reference point on a lower floor. A surveying system that is installed as a reference surveying device and is configured to measure the three-dimensional coordinates of the optical center of a prism included in the device main body through an ink hole provided in the floor of an upper floor using the reference surveying device. The measuring device according to claim 7 is equipped with a surveying device capable of measuring the three-dimensional coordinates of a measurement target vertically upward, and the surveying device capable of measuring vertically upward is installed as a reference surveying device at the original reference point on the lower floor. A surveying system configured to measure the three-dimensional coordinates of the optical center of a prism included in the device main body through an ink hole provided in the floor of an upper floor using the reference surveying device. The measuring device according to claim 8 or claim 9, and a surveying device capable of measuring the three-dimensional coordinates of a measurement target vertically upward, and the surveying device capable of measuring vertically upward at the original reference point of the lower floor is used as a reference survey. A surveying system installed as a device and configured to measure the three-dimensional coordinates of an optical center of a prism included in the device main body through an ink hole provided in a floor of an upper floor using the reference surveying device. 11. A prism or an omnidirectional prism is provided at an upper end position of the measuring device, and a positional relationship between an optical center of the prism or omnidirectional prism and a measurement center of the measuring device is set to be known. Surveying system. The reference surveying device is a total station, which measures the three-dimensional coordinates of the optical center with respect to the original reference point, and determines the deviation between the three-dimensional coordinates of the optical center and the original reference point, and the deviation between the measurement center and the optical center. The surveying system according to claim 10, which measures three-dimensional coordinates based on an original reference point of the measurement center based on a known positional relationship with the center. The measurement device is a total station or a laser scanner installed above a hole provided vertically above the original reference point on the upper floor, and the measurement data of the measurement center reference measured by the measurement device is used as the original reference point. The surveying system according to claim 12, wherein the surveying system converts into point-based measurement data. The device body measures the earth coordinates of the optical center based on the known positional relationship with the earth coordinates of the measurement center of the GPS device measured by the GPS device, and measures the earth coordinates of the optical center based on the original reference point of the optical center. The surveying system according to claim 11, wherein measurement data acquired by the reference surveying device is converted into earth coordinates based on the coordinates and the earth coordinates. The GPS device further includes an omnidirectional prism provided at an upper end position and a local surveying device installed on an upper floor, and the positional relationship between the optical center of the omnidirectional prism and the measurement center of the GPS device is set to be known. The local surveying device acquires measurement data for the upper floors and measures the omnidirectional prism, and the local surveying device or the reference surveying device acquires measurement data of the omnidirectional prism and the optical center of the omnidirectional prism. 17. The surveying system according to claim 16, wherein the measurement data of the local surveying device is converted into three-dimensional data of the earth coordinates based on a known positional relationship between the measurement center and the optical center. It further includes a local surveying device installed on an upper floor, the local surveying device acquires measurement data about the upper floor and measures the omnidirectional prism, and the local surveying device or the reference surveying device measures the omnidirectional prism. Based on the measurement results of the prism, the optical center of the omnidirectional prism, the measurement center, and the known positional relationship between the optical centers, the measurement data of the local surveying device is converted into three-dimensional data with the original reference point as a reference point. The surveying system according to claim 13. further comprising a local surveying device installed on the upper floor, the local surveying device acquiring measurement data about the upper floor and measuring the measurement center of the measuring device, and the local surveying device or the reference surveying device: 13. The measurement data of the local surveying device is converted into three-dimensional data based on the original reference point based on the measurement result of the measurement center and the known positional relationship between the measurement center and the optical center. surveying system.

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