JP2019219319A - Vertical measurement system and reference point tracing method - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a vertical measurement system and a reference point tracing method, capable of vertically tracing a reference point with high accuracy.SOLUTION: A vertical measurement system 1 comprises: a surveying device body 7 having a surveying device provided at a reference point P rotatable in a horizontal direction; a target device 3 installed at a site where the reference point P is transferred; a display unit; and a guide terminal 5. The target device 3 has a target 4 that emits target light toward the surveying device body 7. The surveying device body 7 comprises a collimating image light receiving unit that collimates the rotational axis direction of the surveying device body 7 to acquire an image of the target 4, and an arithmetic control unit. The arithmetic control unit is configured to calculate a position of a rotational axis from the trajectory of the image of the target 4 obtained by rotating the surveying device body 7, and transmit position information on the image of the target 4 and position information on the rotational axis to the guide terminal 5. The guide terminal 5 displays a position of the target 4 and a position of a zenith on the basis of the position information on the image of the target 4 and the position information on the rotational axis.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a vertical measurement system and a method for tracing a reference point for vertically extending a reference point on the ground and tracing each floor when building a structure such as a building.

  Conventionally, when tracing the reference point to a different floor surface of the floor, a method of dropping a swing from the upper floor to match the reference point, a method of emitting a laser pointer light vertically upward and hitting a flat plate to read a center position, There is a method in which a laser pointer light is emitted vertically downward from the floor to hit the plane plate to read the center position.

  In the method of irradiating the laser pointer light, it is difficult to confirm whether the laser pointer light is correctly irradiated in the vertical direction, and it takes time to correctly adjust the laser pointer light vertically.

JP 2000-275042 A Japanese Patent No. 5196725 JP-A-6-213664

  SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a vertical measurement system and a reference point tracing method capable of performing a vertical trace of a reference point with high accuracy without determining the verticality of a laser beam with high accuracy.

  The present invention has a leveling unit and a surveying device main body rotatably provided in the leveling unit in a horizontal direction, and is provided at a site where a surveying device provided at a reference point and a reference point are transferred. A vertical measurement system including a target device, a display unit, a first communication unit, and an inductive terminal used on the target device side, wherein the target device emits target light toward the surveying device main body. The surveying instrument body collimates the direction of the rotation axis of the surveying instrument body, detects a collimated image light receiving unit that acquires an image of the target, and detects the inclination of the surveying instrument body. An inclination sensor, a second communication unit for transmitting and receiving data to and from the guidance terminal, and an arithmetic control unit, wherein the arithmetic control unit is configured to rotate the surveying device main body and obtain the target image. From the locus of the rotation axis Is calculated, and the position information of the target image and the position information of the rotation axis are transmitted to the guidance terminal via the second communication unit, and the guidance terminal is transmitted via the first communication unit. The present invention relates to a vertical measurement system configured to display the position of the target and the position of the zenith on the display unit based on the received position information of the target image and the position information of the rotation axis.

  Further, the present invention relates to a vertical measurement system, wherein the surveying device main body further includes the tilt sensor, and the arithmetic control unit corrects the position of the rotation axis based on a detection result of the tilt sensor.

  The present invention also relates to a vertical measurement system in which the target is a prism, the collimated image receiving unit has a light source unit that emits target light on an optical axis, and the surveying device main body is manually rotated. It is.

  Also, in the present invention, the arithmetic control unit is time-divided at a predetermined time, acquires the target image at predetermined time intervals, averages the data of the target image acquired within a predetermined time, and the arithmetic control unit The present invention relates to a vertical measurement system in which the length of a predetermined time can be changed.

  Further, according to the present invention, the target is a prism, the surveying device main body further includes a distance measuring unit, the distance measuring unit emits distance measuring light on an optical axis, and the target retroreflects the distance measuring light. Then, the reflected light is emitted as reflected distance measuring light and target light, the distance measuring unit receives the reflected distance measuring light, and measures the distance to the target. The vertical measurement system configured to display the actual deviation amount between the target and the optical axis numerically on the display unit based on the deviation of the target image and the optical axis on the image and the distance measurement result. It is related.

  Further, the present invention relates to a vertical measurement system in which the target is a light emitting element that emits target light, and the surveying device main body is manually rotated.

  Also, in the present invention, the surveying device main body further includes a distance measuring unit, a collimating unit, a horizontal angle detector, a vertical angle detector, a horizontal rotation driving unit, a vertical rotation driving unit, and the surveying device is configured as a total station. Pertains to a vertical measurement system that has been implemented.

  Further, in the present invention, the arithmetic control unit may perform time division at a predetermined time, obtain the target image and the distance measurement value at predetermined time intervals, and average the data of the target image and the distance measurement value obtained within a predetermined time. Further, the arithmetic and control unit relates to a vertical measurement system capable of changing a time length of a predetermined time.

  Still further, the present invention provides a step of forming a through hole in a floor above a structure above a reference point, a step of installing a surveying device at a reference point, and a step of installing a target device in the through hole. Turning the collimating optical axis of the surveying device in the vertical direction, rotating the surveying device, receiving the target image from the target device with the light receiving element by the surveying device, and setting the target image on the light receiving element. A step of calculating a zenith position based on the reference point based on the trajectory and the detection result of the inclination sensor of the surveying device, a step of displaying the zenith position and the target image on a display unit of a guidance terminal, and the zenith position, Matching the target image with the target image; marking the position of the target device on the floor above the floor in a state where the zenith position matches the target image; In which according to the tracing method of the reference point using the vertical measurement system and a step of tracing the reference point on the floor of the upstairs.

  According to the present invention, a surveying device having a leveling unit and a surveying device main body rotatably provided in the leveling unit in a horizontal direction, and a surveying device provided at a reference point, and a surveying device installed at a site where the reference point is transferred A vertical measurement system including a target device to be measured, a display unit and a first communication unit, and a guidance terminal used on the target device side, wherein the target device is directed toward the surveying device main body. A target that emits target light, the surveying device main body collimates a rotation axis direction of the surveying device main body, and a collimated image light receiving unit that acquires an image of the target; and a tilt of the surveying device main body. And a second communication unit for transmitting and receiving data between the guidance terminal and an arithmetic control unit, wherein the arithmetic control unit is obtained by rotating the surveying device main body. The rotation axis from the trajectory of the target image And the position information of the target image and the position information of the rotation axis are transmitted to the guidance terminal via the second communication unit, and the guidance terminal communicates with the first communication unit. The position of the target and the position of the zenith are displayed on the display unit based on the position information of the target image and the position information of the rotation axis received through the main body. Is obtained, the displacement amount and the displacement direction between the position of the rotation axis and the reference point can be easily recognized, and the main body of the surveying device is fixed when the position of the target device is adjusted. Therefore, stable work can be performed.

  According to the present invention, in the method of tracing a reference point using the vertical measurement system, a step of forming a through hole in a floor above a structure above the reference point, and using a surveying device as a reference point Installing, setting a target device in the through-hole, directing the collimating optical axis of the surveying device in the vertical direction, rotating the surveying device, the target from the target device by the surveying device Receiving the image with a light receiving element, calculating the zenith position based on the reference point based on the trajectory of the target image and the detection result of the inclination sensor of the surveying device on the light receiving element, and the zenith position and the target Displaying the image on the display unit of the guidance terminal, matching the zenith position with the target image, and setting the target image in a state where the zenith position matches the target image. And the step of tracing the reference point to the floor on the floor based on the notch, so that the collimation optical axis of the surveying device can be highly accurate. Since the target can be aligned without being vertical and while recognizing the relationship between the reference point and the target, an excellent effect of improving workability is exhibited.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view schematically showing a vertical measurement system according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a perspective view from below of a target device used in the vertical measurement system. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the target device as viewed from above. It is a side view of the target device. It is explanatory drawing which shows the position adjustment of the said target apparatus in the said vertical measurement system. FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a surveying device main body in the vertical measurement system. FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a guidance terminal in the vertical measurement system. (A) (B) is an explanatory view showing a transfer process of the reference point. (A) (B) is an explanatory view showing a transfer process of the reference point. (A) is a figure of the display part of the guidance terminal in the reference point transfer step, and (B) is an explanatory view showing the final step of the reference point transfer step. It is a block diagram showing the outline of the vertical measuring system concerning a 2nd example of the present invention. It is a block diagram showing the outline of the vertical measuring system concerning a 3rd example of the present invention. It is a block diagram showing the outline of the vertical measuring system concerning a 4th example of the present invention.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 shows a vertical measurement system 1 according to the present embodiment. In the figure, reference numeral 2 denotes a surveying device installed on a reference point P, which emits distance measuring light, receives reflected light, and performs measurement. The figure shows a total station, which is one of the surveying devices, that performs distance measurement. Reference numeral 3 denotes a target device, and the target device 3 has a target 4 that retroreflects (ie, emits) the incident distance measuring light as target light. Reference numeral 5 denotes a guidance terminal, which has a communication function and a display unit. As the guidance terminal 5, for example, a smartphone, a tablet, or the like that is portable or can be held with one hand is used.

  First, the total station 2 will be briefly described. As the total station 2, a known device disclosed in Patent Document 1 or Patent Document 2 or the like can be used.

  The surveying device main body 7 is installed on a tripod 8 via a leveling unit 9, and the surveying device main body 7 is leveled horizontally by the leveling unit 9, and horizontally in a horizontal direction via a horizontal rotation axis (not shown). The surveying device main body 7 has a telescope unit 11, and the telescope unit 11 is rotatable in a vertical direction via a vertical rotation axis (not shown).

  Further, the surveying device main body 7 includes a horizontal angle detector 28 (described later) that detects a horizontal rotation angle of the surveying device main body 7 and a vertical angle detector 29 (described later) that detects a vertical angle of the telescope unit 11. are doing. The telescope unit 11 has a built-in distance measuring unit 22 (described later) that emits distance measuring light and receives reflected distance measuring light to measure the distance.

  A through-hole 13 is formed in a portion where the reference point P is transferred, for example, on a floor above the floor. The position where the through hole 13 is formed is determined by the design drawing, and is immediately above the reference point P. The target device 3 is installed in the through-hole 13 such that the target 4 is fitted into the through-hole 13. The diameter of the through hole 13 is sufficiently large with respect to the diameter of the target 4 so that the position of the target 4 can be adjusted in consideration of the construction error of the building.

  The target device 3 will be described with reference to FIGS.

  The target 4 is provided on a holding plate 14, and the holding plate 14 has a shape and a size so as not to drop from the through hole 13. In the drawing, a cross shape in which rectangular plates 15a and 15b extend in two orthogonal directions. It has become.

  The target 4 is a prism or a corner cube, and is provided at the center of the holding plate 14 so that a portion below the periphery of the target 4 can be seen through.

  The lower surface of the holding plate 14 contacts the floor surface on the floor, and the optical center (floating point) 4a of the target 4 matches the lower surface of the holding plate 14. The optical axis of the target 4 is perpendicular to the lower surface of the holding plate 14.

  The upper surfaces of the distal ends of the rectangular plates 15a and 15b are tapered, and the target lines 16a and 16b are engraved on the tapered surfaces, and the extensions of the target lines 16a and 16b intersect at the optical center 4a. It is set as follows.

  Notches may be formed at the tips of the rectangular plates 15a, 15b instead of the target lines 16a, 16b. Further, the holding plate 14 may be a rectangular or circular transparent plate.

  FIG. 5 schematically shows a case where the reference point P is transferred to the upper floor. In addition, in FIG. 5, 17 has shown the floor on the floor.

  The telescope unit 11 is rotated so that the optical axis 10 of the telescope unit 11 is substantially vertical.

  Distance measuring light or collimating light (hereinafter referred to as collimating light 18) is emitted from the telescope unit 11. The irradiation point of the collimating light 18 is a position where the reference point P is transferred substantially upward.

  When the collimating light 18 is incident on the optical center 4a of the target 4, the reflected light (target light) from the target 4 coincides with the optical axis 10.

  The determination as to whether or not they match is made by a collimated image light receiving unit (described later) of the telescope unit 11. That is, the determination is made based on whether or not the image of the reflected light acquired by the collimated image light receiving unit coincides with the optical axis 10.

  The surveying device main body 7 will be further described with reference to FIG.

  The surveying device main body 7 mainly includes an arithmetic control unit 21, a distance measuring unit 22, a collimation unit 23, a collimation image light receiving unit 24, a tilt sensor (tilt sensor) 25, a storage unit 26, a communication unit 27, and the horizontal angle. It comprises a detector 28, the vertical angle detector 29, a horizontal rotation drive unit 31, a vertical rotation drive unit 32, a display unit 33, an operation unit 34, and the like.

  The distance measuring unit 22 includes a light emitting element that emits distance measuring light, for example, a laser diode (LD), and a distance measuring light receiving element that receives reflected distance measuring light from a measurement target, for example, a photodiode (PD) or an avalanche. A photodiode (APD) and a distance measuring optical system that emits distance measuring light toward the object to be measured, receives reflected distance measuring light, and guides the reflected distance measuring light to the distance measuring light receiving element; The distance to the object to be measured is measured based on the time difference between the light receiving timing of the reflected distance measuring light and the speed of light. The distance measuring unit 22 functions as an optical distance meter.

  The collimating unit 23 includes a light-emitting element that emits collimated light, for example, a laser diode (LD), and a collimated image light-receiving element that receives reflected collimated light from a measurement target, for example, an image CMOS sensor or a CCD image. A sensor, a collimation image receiving unit 24 that emits collimation light toward the measurement target and receives reflected collimation light from the measurement target, and a collimation optical system that guides the collimation image to the collimation image light receiving element. The collimation of the object to be measured is performed based on the light receiving position of the reflected collimated light in the collimated image light receiving element. Here, the ranging optical system and the collimating optical system may be a common optical system, or a part thereof may be a common optical system.

  The collimation image light receiving unit 24 has an imaging optical axis (not shown), and the imaging optical axis is parallel to the ranging optical axis of the ranging unit 22 and the tracking optical axis of the collimating unit 23; The distance between the optical axes is known. Alternatively, the distance measuring optical axis and the collimating optical axis are common (two optical axes coincide). In the drawing, the distance measuring optical axis and the collimating optical axis are shown as the optical axis 10.

  The collimated image light receiving unit 24 includes an imaging optical system and an image sensor (not shown), and has an image in a predetermined range (at a predetermined angle of view) around the distance measuring optical axis or the collimating optical axis. To get. In the image sensor, a group of pixels such as a CCD and a CMOS sensor and a position of each pixel on an image can be specified. For example, the position is specified in a coordinate system having the origin at the center of the image. Therefore, the signal output from the pixel includes position information (coordinate information) on the image sensor together with the image signal.

  The tilt sensor 25 can detect the level with high accuracy. As one of the tilt sensors 25, detection light is incident on a liquid surface, reflected light reflected from the liquid surface is received by a light receiving element, and inclination is detected by a change in a light receiving position of the reflected light. There is a tilt sensor to perform.

  As the storage unit 26, a storage device such as an HDD, a semiconductor memory, or a memory card is used. Various programs are stored in the storage unit 26. The programs include a sequence program necessary for the surveying device main body 7 to perform distance measurement and collimation, a calculation program for performing distance measurement, and a control program for controlling the distance measurement unit 22 and the collimation unit 23. An image processing program for processing the image acquired by the distance measuring unit 22 and the collimating unit 23, for example, an image processing program for determining the center position of the image of the reflected collimated light acquired by the collimating unit 23, Includes an angle detector 28, an angle detection program for calculating a horizontal angle and a vertical angle based on detection results from the vertical angle detector 29, a communication program for exchanging data and image data with the guidance terminal 5, and the like. Have been.

  The storage unit 26 stores measurement data, image data, and the like.

  The communication unit 27 includes a transmission / reception circuit, and can wirelessly communicate with the guidance terminal 5 by the communication program.

  The horizontal angle detector 28 detects a horizontal rotation angle of the surveying device main body 7 with respect to the leveling unit 9, and detects a horizontal angle based on the rotation angle. The detected horizontal angle is input to the arithmetic control unit 21. As the horizontal angle detector 28, an encoder is used.

  The vertical angle detector 29 detects a vertical rotation angle of the telescope unit 11 with respect to the surveying device main body 7, and detects a vertical angle of the optical axis 10 of the telescope unit 11. The detected vertical angle is input to the arithmetic control unit 21. As the vertical angle detector 29, an encoder is used.

  The horizontal rotation drive unit 31 includes a horizontal motor and a motor driver. The horizontal motor is driven based on a control signal from the arithmetic control unit 21 to rotate the surveying device main body 7 horizontally.

  The vertical rotation drive unit 32 includes a vertical motor and a motor driver. Based on a control signal from the arithmetic control unit 21, the vertical motor is driven to rotate the telescope unit 11 vertically.

  The operation unit 34 inputs conditions necessary for measurement, commands for measurement, and the like. The display unit 33 displays input information of the operation unit 34, and also displays a measurement state, a measurement result, and the like. The operation unit 34 may be used as a touch panel, and the operation unit 34 and the display unit 33 may be combined.

  As the arithmetic control unit 21, a CPU specialized for the present apparatus or a general-purpose CPU is used. The arithmetic control unit 21 develops and executes various programs stored in the storage unit 26 to control the distance measuring unit 22 to perform distance measurement, and controls the collimation unit 23 to perform measurement. Collimation. The horizontal rotation drive unit 31 and the vertical rotation drive unit 32 are controlled based on the detection results of the horizontal angle detector 28 and the vertical angle detector 29 to bring the surveying instrument body 7 and the telescope unit 11 into a required state. Rotate, position, or measure collimation direction.

  FIG. 7 is a schematic configuration diagram of the guidance terminal 5.

  The guidance terminal 5 has a communication function and mainly includes an arithmetic control unit 35, a storage unit 36, a communication unit 37, a display unit 38, and an operation unit 39.

  As the arithmetic control unit 35, a CPU specialized for the guidance terminal 5 or a general-purpose CPU is used.

  As the storage unit 36, a storage device such as an HDD, a semiconductor memory, and a memory card is used. The storage unit 36 stores programs such as a communication program for communicating data and image data with the surveying instrument main body 7 and a display program for displaying data and image data on the display unit 38. Have been.

  The communication unit 37 includes a transmission / reception circuit, and can wirelessly communicate with the communication unit 27 by the communication program.

  The display unit 38 displays input information from the operation unit 39, measurement data, and image data transmitted from the communication unit 27.

  The operation section 39 inputs a command for remotely controlling the surveying apparatus main body 7 and also inputs a command for displaying information from the communication section 27. The display unit 38 may be used as a touch panel and also used as the operation unit 39, and the operation unit 39 may be omitted.

  Hereinafter, the operation of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.

  The total station 2 is set at a reference point P, and the surveying device body 7 is leveled by the leveling unit 9 to a horizontal posture. The attitude (inclination) of the surveying device main body 7 is detected by the inclination sensor 25. The target device 3 is installed in the through hole 13 on the floor (FIG. 8A).

  Next, an operator who has installed the target device 3 remotely controls the telescope unit 11 with the guidance terminal 5. The telescope unit 11 is rotated in the vertical direction, and the optical axis 10 (including the distance measurement optical axis, the collimation optical axis, and the imaging optical axis) of the telescope unit 11 is set vertically upward. Whether the optical axis 10 is vertical is detected by the vertical angle detector 29. The collimated image light receiving unit 24 collimates the direction of the rotation axis of the surveying device main body 7 and acquires an image of the target device 3.

  The collimating light is emitted vertically upward. At this time, the optical axis 10 coincides with the rotation center of the surveying device main body 7. The target 4 retroreflects the ranging light, and the target 4 emits retroreflected light. The retroreflected light is received by the distance measuring unit 22 and the distance to the target 4 is measured. The reflected distance measuring light is incident on the collimation image light receiving unit 24 as target light, and the image of the target 4 is acquired by the collimation image light receiving unit 24 (FIG. 8B).

  With the collimation function stopped, the distance measuring light is emitted (that is, the telescope unit 11 is fixed to the surveying device main body 7), and the surveying device main body 7 is rotated at 360 ° by at least 90 degrees.゜ Rotate.

  In a state where the target 4 coincides with the rotation axis, the target image 4 ′ acquired by the collimation image receiving unit 24 is located at the position of the rotation axis (that is, the rotation center of the surveying device main body 7). The positions coincide with each other, and the light receiving position does not change due to the rotation of the surveying device main body 7.

  However, as shown in FIG. 9A, when the position (optical center) of the target 4 is shifted from the position of the rotation axis 12, the target image 4 ′ is shifted from the rotation axis 12. Rotate to the center. In FIG. 9A, reference numeral 44 denotes an image of an image obtained by the collimated image light receiving unit 24.

  The image of the target image 4 ′ is continuously obtained by the collimated image light receiving unit 24 while the surveying device main body 7 is rotating. Note that a continuous image may be obtained, or a still image may be obtained at a predetermined time interval or at a predetermined angle interval.

  By continuously acquiring the target image 4 ′ during the rotation, a trajectory 43 of a circle around the rotation axis 12 is obtained. By calculating the center 42 of the circle from the trajectory 43, the position of the rotation axis 12 can be obtained. If the optical axis 10, that is, the rotation axis of the surveying instrument main body 7 is completely vertical, the center 42 of the trajectory 43 is at the zenith position.

  Since the collimated light is not perfectly parallel light but has a spread, the target image 4 'is an image having an area. To obtain an accurate position, the center of the target image 4 'is required, but the center of the target image 4' is obtained by image processing. For example, the position of the center of the light quantity of the target image 4 'is determined, and the position of the center of gravity is set as the center of the target image 4'. In the present embodiment, since the correct center position is obtained by image processing, even when the distance from the reference point to the trace floor is large and the beam diameter of the laser beam is large, as in the case of work in a high-rise building or the like, the laser pointer light The center of can be determined.

  When the total station 2 is installed at the reference point P, the surveying apparatus main body 7 is leveled by the leveling unit 9 based on the detection result of the inclination sensor 25. Due to quasi-precision or the like, a state occurs in which leveling is not completely horizontal.

  ◎ (double circle) P ′ in the image 44 indicates the position of the vertical line passing through the reference point P (true zenith position).

  When the inclination sensor 25 detects the inclination, the arithmetic control unit 21 calculates the position (coordinate) of the reference point P ′ in the image 44 based on the detection result of the inclination sensor 25. That is, a true zenith position is obtained based on the center position of the trajectory 43 and the detection result of the inclination sensor 25. Further, the reference point P 'is displayed in the image 44 with the true zenith position as the center.

  Therefore, by making the target image 4 'coincide with the reference point P', the target 4 can be adjusted to the true zenith position (FIG. 9B).

  Further, the arithmetic control unit 21 calculates the current coordinates of the target image 4 ′ based on the light receiving signal from the collimated image light receiving unit 24.

  The arithmetic control unit 21 transmits the coordinates of the reference point P ′ and the current coordinates of the target image 4 ′ to the guidance terminal 5 via the communication unit 27 in real time.

  On the guidance terminal 5 side, the arithmetic control unit 35 receives the information via the communication unit 37, and further, the arithmetic control unit 35 performs the guidance based on the coordinates of the reference point P 'and the coordinates of the target image 4'. The reference point P 'and the target image 4' are displayed on the display unit 38 of the terminal 5.

  In addition, since the surveying device main body 7 can measure the position of the target device 3 based on the reflected distance measurement light from the target device 3, the arithmetic control unit 21 determines the distance between the reference point P 'and the target image 4'. May be calculated and displayed on the display unit 38. The position deviation may be calculated by the calculation control unit 35. By displaying the deviation of the position on the display unit 38, the operator can grasp the adjustment amount of the target device 3 sensibly, and the workability is improved.

  The data transmitted by the arithmetic and control unit 21 to the guidance terminal 5 may be the coordinate data of the target image 4 ', the coordinate data of the true zenith position, or the coordinate data of the target image 4'. May be image data in which the coordinate data of the zenith position is described.

  In FIG. 10 (A), the positional deviation is indicated by numerical values of X = −54 mm and Y = + 35 mm, and the operator only has to move the target device 3 54 mm leftward and 35 mm upward. Can be recognized. In FIG. 10A, reference numeral 49 denotes a display unit of the guidance terminal 5.

  In a state where the target 4 'coincides with the reference point P', the target 4 'is scored at four points using the visual target lines 16a and 16b. The through hole 13 is filled, and a marking line intersecting at each of two opposing points is marked, and the intersection of the marking lines is determined. This intersection is a point where the reference point P is transferred.

  When the reference point P is transferred to the floors of a plurality of floors, the installation of the target device 3, the alignment of the target 4, and the marking are repeated for each floor, and each time or at the end when the marking of all floors is completed. The through holes 13 on each floor are filled in, the marking lines are scribed, and the intersections of the marking lines, that is, the points where the reference points P are transferred, are obtained (FIG. 10B).

  Second, buildings are vibrating for various reasons. In a building undergoing construction work, vibrations due to the construction work, shaking of the building itself, or vibrations due to the movement of an operator are generated. For this reason, the laser beam emitted vertically vibrates, the laser beam reflected from the target 4 also vibrates, and the target image 4 'on the image also vibrates, so that accurate positioning may be difficult. Further, the distance measurement value and the angle measurement value also fluctuate.

  In this embodiment, time division is performed at predetermined time intervals, data acquired within a predetermined time is averaged, and the influence of vibration is reduced (smoothing). Also, the data acquisition time for averaging can be set arbitrarily so that smoothing can be performed according to the work situation.

  A smoothing program is stored in the storage unit 26 or the storage unit 36. In the smoothing program, by setting a data acquisition time (smoothing time) for averaging, data acquired during a set predetermined time is averaged (smoothed) and output.

  For example, the collimated image light receiving unit 24 acquires image data for 5 seconds at intervals of 0.1 second, acquires data for 5 seconds, and performs moving average of the image data for 5 seconds in the next 0.1 second. . By moving averaging, averaged image data for 5 seconds is output at 0.1 second intervals. Therefore, the target image 4 ′ displayed on the image 44 is stably displayed without vibration, and the operator can surely perform the position adjusting operation of the target device 3.

  In this embodiment, even when the laser beam irradiated upward is not completely vertical, the reference point can be easily transferred in the vertical direction. Therefore, strict leveling is not required. Furthermore, since the work is performed with the total station 2 fixed after the trajectory 43 is acquired, stable tilt correction can be performed when the laser beam is not completely vertical.

  Further, since the center of rotation is obtained from the trajectory 43, the vertical tracing of the accurate reference point can be similarly performed even when the complete vertical cannot be obtained due to the influence of the instrument error and the distortion of the optical system. is there.

  The operator can perform smoothing in accordance with the site, can reliably work even in a vibrating site, and improve work efficiency.

  In the above embodiment, the reference points are transferred from the lower floor to the upper floor. However, it is needless to say that the reference points can be transferred from the upper floor to the lower floor.

  Next, a second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

  The second embodiment relates to a vertical measurement system specialized in transferring a reference point P.

  In FIG. 11, the same components as those shown in FIGS. 1 and 6 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted. Since the guidance terminal 5 is the same as that of the first embodiment, it is not shown.

  In the second embodiment, the horizontal rotation is set to manual, the horizontal angle detector 28, the vertical angle detector 29, the horizontal rotation drive unit 31, and the vertical rotation drive unit 32 are omitted, and the distance measurement function is specified only in the vertical direction. Also, the tracking function is omitted.

  The surveying device 40 includes a surveying device main body 7, a leveling unit 9, and a horizontal rotation mechanism 41. The surveying device main body 7 is provided on the leveling unit 9 via the horizontal rotation mechanism 41. The horizontal rotation mechanism 41 supports the surveying device main body 7 so as to be rotatable about a vertical axis.

  The surveying device main body 7 mainly includes an arithmetic control unit 21, a distance measuring unit 22, a collimation unit 23, a collimation image light receiving unit 24, a tilt sensor (tilt sensor) 25, a storage unit 26, a communication unit 27, and a display unit 33. , An operation unit 34 and the like. The collimated image light receiving unit 24 has a vertically extending optical axis 10, which is concentric with the rotation axis 12 of the horizontal rotation mechanism 41.

  The surveying device 40 is installed at a reference point P, and the leveling unit 9 levels the optical axis 10 so as to be substantially vertical. The target device 3 is set at a transfer position of a reference point on the floor.

  The ranging light is emitted from the ranging unit 22 onto the optical axis 10, the surveying device main body 7 is manually rotated, and an image of the target image 4 'for one rotation is acquired. The center is determined from the locus of the circle of the obtained target image 4 '(see FIG. 9A). This center is the position of the rotation center of the surveying device main body 7. If the inclination sensor 25 detects the inclination, the center position is corrected based on the detection result, and the true zenith position is calculated.

  The calculation of the center of the trajectory of the circle, the correction of the inclination, and the calculation of the true zenith position are the same as those in the first embodiment, and a description thereof will be omitted.

  FIG. 12 shows a third embodiment. In FIG. 12, the same components as those shown in FIG. 11 are denoted by the same reference numerals. Since the guidance terminal 5 is the same as that of the first embodiment, it is not shown.

  The third embodiment is different from the second embodiment in that the distance measuring function is further omitted.

  In the third embodiment, the distance measuring unit 22 is omitted from the configuration of the surveying device main body 7 of the second embodiment.

  Further, the collimated image light receiving unit 24 further includes a target light emitting unit (laser diode (LD)) (not shown), and the target light emitting unit emits target light. The light is emitted vertically upward through the optical system of the image receiving unit 24. The optical axis 10 of the collimated image light receiving unit 24 is concentric with the rotation axis 12 of the horizontal rotation mechanism 41.

  The surveying device 40 is set at the reference point P, the leveling unit 9 levels the optical axis 10 so as to be substantially vertical, and the target device 3 is set at the transfer position of the reference point on the floor.

  Target light is emitted from the target light emitting unit onto the optical axis 10, the surveying device main body 7 is manually rotated, and a target image 4 ′ is obtained by the collimated image light receiving unit 24 using the target light from the target 4. I do.

  The calculation of the center of the trajectory of the circle, the correction of the inclination, and the calculation of the true zenith position are the same as those in the second embodiment, and a description thereof will be omitted.

  Since a prism is used as the target 4 in the first to third embodiments, transfer over a long distance is possible.

  Next, a fourth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

  The fourth embodiment relates to a vertical measurement system that is more specialized for transferring the reference point P.

  In FIG. 13, the same components as those shown in FIGS. 1 and 6 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted. Since the guidance terminal 5 is the same as that of the first embodiment, it is not shown.

  In the fourth embodiment, the distance measuring function and the tracking function are omitted, the surveying device main body 7 is manually rotated, and the target device 3 is simplified.

  The surveying device main body 7 is provided in the leveling unit 9 via a horizontal rotation mechanism 41. The horizontal rotation mechanism 41 supports the surveying device main body 7 so as to be rotatable about the rotation axis 12.

  The surveying device main body 7 mainly includes an arithmetic control unit 21, a tilt sensor (tilt sensor) 25, a storage unit 26, a communication unit 27, a display unit 33, an operation unit 34, and an imaging unit having functions as a collimated image light receiving unit. 45 and the like.

  The imaging unit 45 has the optical axis 10 concentric with the rotation axis 12, and the imaging unit 45 has an objective lens 46 and an image sensor 47. The objective lens 46 is shown in a simplified lens group.

  The image sensor 47 is an aggregate of pixels such as a CCD sensor and a CMOS sensor, as in the first embodiment, so that the position of each pixel on the image can be specified.

  The objective lens 46 forms an image of the target light emitted from the target device 3 on the image sensor 47.

  The target device 3 includes a holding plate 14, a light emitting element 48 provided at the center of the lower surface of the holding plate 14, a light emission driving unit (not shown) for emitting the light emitting element 48, and a power supply (not shown). The light emitting point of the light emitting element 48 is set so as to be located within the lower surface of the holding plate 14.

  The surveying device 40 is installed at the reference point P, and the leveling unit 9 levels the optical axis of the imaging unit 45 so as to be substantially vertical. Further, the target device 3 is set at a transfer position of a reference point on the floor.

  The light emitting element 48 is turned on. The light emitting element 48 emits target light and functions as a target. As the light emitting element, a light emitting diode (LED) and a laser diode (LD) are used.

  The target image 48 ′ of the light emitting element 48 is obtained by the image sensor 47. The surveying device main body 7 is manually rotated while the light emitting element 48 emits light, and an image for one rotation is acquired.

  If the light emitting element 48 is located on the optical axis of the imaging section 45, the position of the target image 48 'rotates without change. If the light emitting element 48 is located at a position off the image pickup section 45, the target image 48 'draws a locus of a circle (see FIG. 9A). The center of the locus of the circle (the rotation axis) is calculated from the image. If the inclination sensor 25 detects the inclination, the center position is corrected based on the detection result, and the true zenith position is calculated.

  The true zenith position is transmitted to the guidance terminal 5 via the communication unit 27.

  The determination of the center position of the target image 48 'by image processing, the adjustment of the position of the target device 3, the smoothing of the image data, and the like are the same as those in the first embodiment, and a description thereof will be omitted.

  In the present embodiment, by omitting the distance measuring function and the tracking function, the distance measuring unit 22, the collimating unit 23, the horizontal angle detector 28, the vertical angle detector 29, and the like can be omitted, and the apparatus is simplified, and the manufacturing is simplified. The cost can be significantly reduced. Further, the cost of the target 48 can be further reduced by using an LD or LED instead of the prism.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Vertical measurement system 2 Total station 3 Target device 4 Target 5 Guidance terminal 7 Surveying device main body 9 Leveling unit 10 Optical axis 21 Operation control unit 22 Distance measuring unit 24 Collimated image light receiving unit 25 Tilt sensor 27 Communication unit 35 Operation control unit 37 Communication unit 38 Display unit

Claims (9)

  A surveying device having a leveling unit and a surveying device main body rotatably provided in the leveling unit in a horizontal direction, a surveying device provided at a reference point, and a target device installed at a site where the reference point is transferred, A vertical measurement system including a display unit and a first communication unit, and a guidance terminal used on the target device side, wherein the target device emits target light toward the surveying device main body. Having a collimation image receiving unit that collimates the direction of the rotation axis of the surveying device main body and acquires an image of the target, and a tilt sensor that detects a tilt of the surveying device main body. A second communication unit for transmitting and receiving data to and from the guidance terminal, and a calculation control unit, wherein the calculation control unit calculates the trajectory of the target image obtained by rotating the surveying device main body. Calculate the position of the rotation axis The position information of the target image and the position information of the axis of rotation are configured to be transmitted to the guidance terminal via the second communication unit, and the guidance terminal receives the target information via the first communication unit. A vertical measurement system configured to display the position of the target and the position of the zenith on the display unit based on the position information of the image and the position information of the rotation axis.   The vertical measurement system according to claim 1, wherein the surveying device main body further includes the tilt sensor, and the arithmetic control unit corrects the position of the rotation axis based on a detection result of the tilt sensor.   The vertical according to claim 1, wherein the target is a prism, the collimated image light receiving unit has a light source unit that emits target light on an optical axis, and the surveying device main body is manually rotated. Measurement system.   The arithmetic control unit is time-divided for a predetermined time, obtains the target image at predetermined time intervals, averages the data of the target image obtained within a predetermined time, and the arithmetic control unit has a time length of a predetermined time. The vertical measurement system according to claim 1, wherein the vertical measurement system can be changed.   The target is a prism, the surveying instrument body further includes a distance measuring unit, the distance measuring unit emits distance measuring light on an optical axis, the target retroreflects the distance measuring light, and a reflection distance measuring. The distance measuring unit receives the reflected distance measuring light, measures the distance to the target, the surveying device main body is manually rotated, and the arithmetic control unit controls the target image. The actual deviation amount between the target and the optical axis is numerically displayed on the display unit based on an image deviation between the target and the optical axis and a distance measurement result. Vertical measurement system.   The vertical measurement system according to claim 1, wherein the target is a light emitting element that emits target light, and the surveying device main body is manually rotated.   2. The surveying device main body further includes a distance measuring unit, a collimating unit, a horizontal angle detector, a vertical angle detector, a horizontal rotation driving unit, and a vertical rotation driving unit, and the surveying device is configured as a total station. Or the vertical measurement system according to claim 2.   The arithmetic control unit is time-divided for a predetermined time, acquires the target image and the distance measurement value at predetermined time intervals, averages the target image and the distance measurement data acquired within a predetermined time, The vertical measurement system according to claim 5, wherein the control unit is capable of changing a time length of the predetermined time.   Forming a through hole in the floor above the structure above the reference point, installing a surveying device at the reference point, installing a target device in the through hole, collimating the surveying device; Turning the surveying device with the optical axis oriented in the vertical direction, receiving the target image from the target device with the light receiving element by the surveying device, and trajectory of the target image on the light receiving device and the surveying device. Calculating the zenith position based on the reference point based on the detection result of the tilt sensor, displaying the zenith position and the target image on a display unit of a guidance terminal, and matching the zenith position with the target image. Making the target device position on the floor above the floor in a state where the zenith position and the target image are coincident with each other. Tracing method of the reference point using either vertical measuring system according to claim 1 to claim 8 including the step of tracing the floor upstairs.

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