JP7388049B2 - エポキシ樹脂用硬化剤、エポキシ樹脂組成物及びその硬化物 - Google Patents
エポキシ樹脂用硬化剤、エポキシ樹脂組成物及びその硬化物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7388049B2 JP7388049B2 JP2019154621A JP2019154621A JP7388049B2 JP 7388049 B2 JP7388049 B2 JP 7388049B2 JP 2019154621 A JP2019154621 A JP 2019154621A JP 2019154621 A JP2019154621 A JP 2019154621A JP 7388049 B2 JP7388049 B2 JP 7388049B2
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- epoxy resin
- acid
- curing agent
- fatty acid
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- 235000019838 diammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- KEIQPMUPONZJJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N dicyclohexylmethanediamine Chemical compound C1CCCCC1C(N)(N)C1CCCCC1 KEIQPMUPONZJJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- ZQKXQUJXLSSJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine cyanurate Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1.O=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)N1 ZQKXQUJXLSSJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001434 methanylylidene group Chemical group [H]C#[*] 0.000 description 1
- LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylenebutanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYKXQOYUCMREIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylhexahydrophthalic anhydride Chemical compound C1CCCC2C(=O)OC(=O)C21C VYKXQOYUCMREIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000006082 mold release agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000476 molybdenum oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019837 monoammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 125000005608 naphthenic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004998 naphthylethyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C12)CC* 0.000 description 1
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- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
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- PTMHPRAIXMAOOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoramidic acid Chemical compound NP(O)(O)=O PTMHPRAIXMAOOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VBQCHPIMZGQLAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorane Chemical class [PH5] VBQCHPIMZGQLAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001195 polyisoprene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001205 polyphosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011176 polyphosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000166 polytrimethylene carbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000003449 preventive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002572 propoxy group Chemical group [*]OC([H])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- LLHKCFNBLRBOGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene glycol methyl ether acetate Chemical compound COCC(C)OC(C)=O LLHKCFNBLRBOGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AOHJOMMDDJHIJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylenediamine Chemical compound CC(N)CN AOHJOMMDDJHIJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002964 rayon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011342 resin composition Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002050 silicone resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004945 silicone rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003808 silyl group Chemical group [H][Si]([H])([H])[*] 0.000 description 1
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001174 sulfone group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- DKMKZSWJCOWHSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid;triazin-4-amine Chemical class OS(O)(=O)=O.NC1=CC=NN=N1 DKMKZSWJCOWHSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylenepentamine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCNCCN FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000101 thioether group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003396 thiol group Chemical group [H]S* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 1
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LLZRNZOLAXHGLL-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanic acid Chemical compound O[Ti](O)(O)O LLZRNZOLAXHGLL-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- FOZHTJJTSSSURD-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium(4+);dicarbonate Chemical compound [Ti+4].[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O FOZHTJJTSSSURD-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 238000005809 transesterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004205 trifluoroethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(*)C(F)(F)F 0.000 description 1
- NFMWFGXCDDYTEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimagnesium;diborate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-]B([O-])[O-].[O-]B([O-])[O-] NFMWFGXCDDYTEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SRPWOOOHEPICQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimellitic anhydride Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=C1 SRPWOOOHEPICQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QXJQHYBHAIHNGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylolethane Chemical compound OCC(C)(CO)CO QXJQHYBHAIHNGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BIKXLKXABVUSMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trizinc;diborate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]B([O-])[O-].[O-]B([O-])[O-] BIKXLKXABVUSMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002383 tung oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001930 tungsten oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JABYJIQOLGWMQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N undec-4-ene Chemical compound CCCCCCC=CCCC JABYJIQOLGWMQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RSJKGSCJYJTIGS-BJUDXGSMSA-N undecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC[11CH3] RSJKGSCJYJTIGS-BJUDXGSMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003672 ureas Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003739 xylenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011667 zinc carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000010 zinc carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000004416 zinc carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- BNEMLSQAJOPTGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;dioxido(oxo)tin Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-][Sn]([O-])=O BNEMLSQAJOPTGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PZRXQXJGIQEYOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;oxido(oxo)borane Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]B=O.[O-]B=O PZRXQXJGIQEYOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXORVIZLPOGIRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N β-methylphenethylamine Chemical compound NCC(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 AXORVIZLPOGIRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Epoxy Resins (AREA)
Description
本発明の組成物は、難燃性を発揮させるために、実質的にハロゲン原子を含有しない非ハロゲン系難燃剤を含有していてもよい。
本発明の組成物は、充填材を含有していてもよい。本発明の組成物が充填材を含有すると、得られる硬化物において優れた機械特性を発現させることができるようになる。
本発明の組成物は、添加剤を含有していてもよい。本発明の組成物が添加剤を含有すると、得られる硬化物において剛性や寸法安定性等、他の特性が向上する。添加剤としては、例えば可塑剤、酸化防止剤、紫外線吸収剤、光安定剤等の安定剤、帯電防止剤、導電性付与剤、応力緩和剤、離型剤、結晶化促進剤、加水分解抑制剤、潤滑剤、衝撃付与剤、摺動性改良剤、相溶化剤、核剤、強化剤、補強剤、流動調整剤、染料、増感材、着色用顔料、ゴム質重合体、増粘剤、沈降防止剤、タレ防止剤、消泡剤、カップリング剤、防錆剤、抗菌・防カビ剤、防汚剤、導電性高分子等を添加することも可能である。
本発明の組成物は、フィラメントワインディング法にて繊維強化樹脂成形品を製造する場合などには、有機溶剤を含有していてもよい。ここで使用し得る有機溶剤としては、メチルエチルケトンアセトン、ジメチルホルムアミド、メチルイソブチルケトン、メトキシプロパノール、シクロヘキサノン、メチルセロソルブ、エチルジグリコールアセテート、プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテルアセテート等が挙げられ、その選択や適正な使用量は用途によって適宜選択し得る。
本発明の組成物から硬化物を得る方法としては、一般的なエポキシ樹脂組成物の硬化方法に準拠すればよく、例えば加熱温度条件は、用途等によって、適宜選択すればよい。例えば、組成物を、120~250℃程度の温度範囲で加熱する方法が挙げられる。成形方法なども組成物の一般的な方法が用いること可能であり、特に本発明の組成物に特有の条件は不要である。
繊維強化複合材料とは、組成物を強化繊維に含浸させた後の硬化前の状態の材料のことである。ここで、強化繊維は、有撚糸、解撚糸、又は無撚糸などいずれでも良いが、解撚糸や無撚糸が、繊維強化複合材料において優れた成形性を有することから、好ましい。さらに、強化繊維の形態は、繊維方向が一方向に引き揃えたものや、織物が使用できる。織物では、平織り、朱子織りなどから、使用する部位や用途に応じて自由に選択することができる。具体的には、機械的強度や耐久性に優れることから、炭素繊維、ガラス繊維、アラミド繊維、ボロン繊維、アルミナ繊維、炭化ケイ素繊維などが挙げられ、これらの2種以上を併用することもできる。これらの中でもとりわけ成形品の強度が良好なものとなる点から炭素繊維が好ましく、かかる、炭素繊維は、ポリアクリロニトリル系、ピッチ系、レーヨン系などの各種のものが使用できる。
繊維強化樹脂成形品とは、強化繊維と組成物の硬化物とを有する成形品であり、繊維強化複合材料を熱硬化させて得られるものである。繊維強化樹脂成形品として、具体的には、繊維強化成形品における強化繊維の体積含有率が40%~85%の範囲であることが好ましく、強度の観点から50%~70%の範囲であることが特に好ましい。そのような繊維強化樹脂成形品としては、例えば、フロントサブフレーム、リアサブフレーム、フロントピラー、センターピラー、サイドメンバー、クロスメンバー、サイドシル、ルーフレール、プロペラシャフトなどの自動車部品、電線ケーブルのコア部材、海底油田用のパイプ材、印刷機用ロール・パイプ材、ロボットフォーク材、航空機の一次構造材、二次構造材などを挙げることができる。
DICNATE NBC-2(DIC株式会社製ネオデカン酸ホウ酸コバルト)7.4gと1-メチルイミダゾール92.6gを80℃にて攪拌混合し、25℃にて液状の硬化剤1を得た。
DICNATE 5000(DIC株式会社製ネオデカン酸コバルト)16.3gと1-メチルイミダゾール83.7gを80℃にて攪拌混合し、25℃にて液状の硬化剤2を得た。
DICNATE SG-160(DIC株式会社製ネオデカン酸マンガン)をそのまま用いた。(1-メチルイミダゾール:70%)硬化剤3とする。
DICNATE Fe 5%(DIC株式会社製ネオデカン酸鉄)32.4gと1-メチルイミダゾール67.6gを80℃にて攪拌混合し、25℃にて液状の硬化剤4を得た。
DICNATE425(DIC株式会社製2-エチルヘキサン酸ビスマス)87.1gと1-メチルイミダゾール12.9gを80℃にて攪拌混合し、25℃にて液状の硬化剤5を得た。
DICNATE AL-500(DIC株式会社製アルミキレート)24.7gと1-メチルイミダゾール75.3gを80℃にて攪拌混合し、25℃にて液状の硬化剤6を得た。
DICNATE 5000(DIC株式会社製ネオデカン酸コバルト)30.0gと1-メチルイミダゾール70.0gを80℃にて攪拌混合し、25℃にて液状の硬化剤7を得た。
DICNATE 5000(DIC株式会社製ネオデカン酸コバルト)44.6gと1-メチルイミダゾール55.4gを80℃にて攪拌混合し、25℃にて液状の硬化剤8を得た。
DICNATE 5000(DIC株式会社製ネオデカン酸コバルト)61.8gと1-メチルイミダゾール38.2gを80℃にて攪拌混合し、25℃にて液状の硬化剤9を得た。
Co-OCTOATE 12%(DIC株式会社製2-エチルヘキサン酸コバルト)13.7gと2-エチル-4-メチルイミダゾール86.3gを80℃にて攪拌混合し、25℃にて液状の硬化剤10を得た。
エポキシ樹脂(DIC株式会社製「EPICLON 850S」ビスフェノールA型エポキシ樹脂、エポキシ当量 188g/当量)100gに対し、実施例1~10で得られた硬化剤1~10、および1-メチルイミダゾール(1MI)、2-エチル-4-メチルイミダゾール(2E4MZ)とを表1~2に記載の質量で用いて混合し、増粘率と硬化性を下記に従い評価した。
ブルックフィールド粘度計「DV2T」(英弘精機株式会社製)を用いて、40℃の粘度を測定し、配合直後の初期粘度に対する5時間後の粘度を増粘率とした。
配合直後の組成物を150℃に熱したホットプレート上に0.15gを載せ、スパチュラで撹拌しながらゲル状になるまでの時間(秒)を測定した。同操作を三回繰り返し、その平均値で評価した。
エポキシ樹脂(DIC株式会社製「EPICLON 850S」ビスフェノールA型エポキシ樹脂、エポキシ当量 188g/当量)10.53gと、酸無水物(DIC株式会社製「EPICLON B-570-H」メチルテトラヒドロフタル酸)9.3gに硬化剤を表3に記載の質量で配合し、増粘率を測定した。
Claims (10)
- イミダゾール化合物(A)と、
脂肪酸金属塩(B1)、脂肪酸ホウ酸金属塩(B2)及びアルミニウムキレート化合物(B3)からなる群から選ばれる1種以上の化合物(B)と、を含有することを特徴とし、前記イミダゾール化合物(A)が、1-メチルイミダゾールであり、前記脂肪酸金属塩(B1)、脂肪酸ホウ酸金属塩(B2)中の金属が、バナジウム、マンガン、鉄、コバルト、ニッケル、銅、亜鉛、ジルコニウム、ビスマス又はレアアースであるエポキシ樹脂用硬化剤。 - 25℃での粘度が3,000Pa・s以下の液状である請求項1記載のエポキシ樹脂用硬化剤。
- 前記脂肪酸金属塩(B1)、脂肪酸ホウ酸金属塩(B2)中の脂肪酸が、2-エチルヘキサン酸、イソノナン酸、ネオデカン酸又はナフテン酸である請求項1~2の何れか1項記載のエポキシ樹脂用硬化剤。
- 前記アルミニウムキレート化合物(B3)がジイソプロポキシアルミニウムエチルアセトアセテート又はビス[エチル-3-(オキソ-κO)ブタノアト-κO’](2-プロパノラト)アルミニウムである請求項1~2の何れか1項記載のエポキシ樹脂用硬化剤。
- 前記イミダゾール化合物(A)と、脂肪酸金属塩(B1)又は脂肪酸ホウ酸金属塩(B2)との使用割合が、イミダゾール化合物1モルに対して、脂肪酸金属塩(B1)又は脂肪酸ホウ酸金属塩(B2)中の金属のモル数が0.01~3.00の範囲である請求項1~3の何れか1項記載のエポキシ樹脂用硬化剤。
- 前記イミダゾール化合物(A)と、アルミニウムキレート化合物(B3)との使用割合が、イミダゾール化合物1モルに対して、アルミニウムキレート化合物(B3)のアルミニウムのモル数が0.01~3.00の範囲である請求項1、2又は4記載のエポキシ樹脂用硬化剤。
- 請求項1~6の何れか1項記載のエポキシ樹脂用硬化剤と、エポキシ樹脂(C)とを含有することを特徴とするエポキシ樹脂組成物。
- 前記エポキシ樹脂(C)が25℃での粘度が500Pa・s以下の液状エポキシ樹脂である請求項7記載のエポキシ樹脂組成物。
- 前記エポキシ樹脂(C)100質量部に対して、請求項1~6の何れか1項記載のエポキシ樹脂用硬化剤を0.5~20質量部配合してなるものである請求項7又は8記載のエポキシ樹脂組成物。
- 請求項7~9の何れか1項記載のエポキシ樹脂組成物の硬化物。
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