JP7384719B2 - Cutter abnormality determination system - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a system for determining abnormalities in a plurality of cutters provided in a cutter head of a tunnel excavator.

2. Description of the Related Art Tunnel excavators in which a cutter head is provided with a plurality of cutters have been known. In such tunnel excavators, there is a desire to detect abnormalities such as cutter wear.

For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a diagnostic device for diagnosing an abnormality in a tunnel boring machine. This diagnostic device uses a sonic sensor that detects sound or vibration and is provided on a bulkhead that faces a cutter head. FIG. 3 of Cited Document 1 describes that two sonic sensors are arranged in a radial direction centered on the rotation axis of the cutter head.

In addition, in the tunnel excavator of Patent Document 1, a drive shaft extends from the center of the cutter head through the bulkhead, and the cutter head is rotated by driving this drive shaft with a hydraulic motor.

Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 9-49253

However, in the tunnel excavator of Patent Document 1, vibrations of the cutter head are transmitted to the bulkhead via the drive shaft. Therefore, vibrations detected by a sonic sensor located near the drive shaft are larger than vibrations detected by a sonic sensor located far from the drive shaft. That is, in the diagnostic device disclosed in Patent Document 1, when an abnormality occurs in the cutter, it is not possible to determine where the cutter is located in the radial direction around the rotation axis of the cutter head.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, the present invention provides a cutter abnormality determination system that can determine where the cutter is located in the radial direction around the rotation axis of the cutter head when an abnormality occurs in the cutter. With the goal.

In order to solve the above problems, a cutter abnormality determination system of the present invention is a system for determining abnormality of a plurality of cutters provided in a cutter head of a tunnel excavation machine, wherein the cutter abnormality determination system of the present invention a bulkhead facing the cutter head, an annular cutter drum provided to divide the bulkhead into an inner wall portion and an outer wall portion, and a plurality of columns connecting the cutter head and the cutter drum; at least two vibrometers for measuring vibrations of the bulkhead, which are provided on the inner wall and the outer wall so as to be distributed in a radial direction centered on the rotation axis of the cutter head, and detecting a rotation angle of the cutter head. It is determined whether the vibration waveforms that are the measurement results of the rotation angle detector and the at least two vibration meters have a peak value larger than a predetermined value, and the vibration waveform of the vibration meter provided on the inner wall is determined. has the peak value, and if the peak value appears every time the cutter head rotates once in the vibration waveform, an abnormality occurs in the cutter located inside the pillar among the plurality of cutters. When it is determined that the vibration waveform of the vibration meter provided on the outer wall has the peak value, and the peak value appears every time the cutter head rotates once, the plurality of The present invention is characterized by comprising a determination device that determines that an abnormality has occurred in a cutter located outside of the pillar among the cutters.

If the cutter has an abnormality such as wear, the vibration of the cutter head at the position where the cutter is located will increase when the cutter head excavates the ground, and this large vibration will be transmitted to the bulk through multiple supports and cutter drums. transmitted to the head. Additionally, the cutter rotates with the cutter head. Therefore, as described above, if a peak value appears in the vibration waveform every time the cutter head rotates once, it can be determined that an abnormality has occurred in the cutter.

Moreover, if the cutter with the abnormality is located inside the support column, the vibration measured by the vibration meter installed on the inner wall will increase; The vibration measured by the installed vibration meter increases. For this reason, depending on which of the vibration waveforms of the vibration meter installed on the inner wall and the vibration waveform of the vibration meter installed on the outer wall contains the peak value, the cutter determined to be abnormal will be centered around the rotation axis of the cutter head. It is possible to grasp where the object is located in the radial direction.

According to the present invention, when an abnormality occurs in a cutter, it is possible to know where the cutter is located in the radial direction around the rotation axis of the cutter head.

1 is a side sectional view of a tunnel excavator incorporating a cutter abnormality determination system according to an embodiment of the present invention. 2 is a front cross-sectional view taken along line II-II in FIG. 1. FIG. FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of an abnormality determination system. (a) and (b) are diagrams showing vibration waveforms that are the measurement results of an inner vibrometer and an outer vibrometer when there is no abnormality in the cutter. (a) and (b) are diagrams showing vibration waveforms that are the measurement results of an inner vibrometer and an outer vibrometer when there is an abnormality in the cutter.

1 and 2 show a tunnel excavator 1 incorporating a cutter abnormality determination system 7 (see FIG. 3) according to an embodiment of the present invention. The tunnel excavator 1 includes a cutter head 3 for excavating a ground, and an excavator main body 2 that rotatably supports the cutter head 3 via an annular cutter drum 5.

In this embodiment, the tunnel excavator 1 has a circular cross-sectional shape. However, the cross-sectional shape of the tunnel excavator 1 may be other shapes such as a rectangular shape.

The excavator main body 2 includes a cylindrical body 21 and a bulkhead 22 that closes a front opening of the body 21. The bulkhead 22 faces the cutter head 3, and a cutter chamber is formed between the bulkhead 22 and the cutter head 3.

The cutter drum 5 is provided to divide the bulkhead 22 into a ring-shaped outer wall part 23 and a disk-shaped inner wall part 24. The cutter head 3 and cutter drum 5 are connected to each other by a plurality of supports 4. Further, the center portion of the cutter head 3 and the center portion of the inner wall portion 24 are connected by a rotary joint 6.

The cutter drum 5 is rotated by an unillustrated hydraulic motor provided in the excavator main body 2, and the cutter head 3 is thereby rotated. For example, the rotation speed of the cutter head 11 is 0.5 to 10 rpm.

Although not shown, the cutter head 3 is provided with a plurality of cutters. The cutter may be a cutter bit or a roller cutter. Alternatively, the cutter may include both a cutter bit and a roller cutter.

The abnormality determination system 7 determines abnormality of a plurality of cutters provided in the cutter head 3. As shown in FIG. 3, the abnormality determination system 7 includes a determination device 71, a rotation angle detector 72, and a plurality of vibration meters 8, which are electrically connected to the determination device 71.

As shown in FIG. 2, the vibration meters 8 are provided on the inner wall 24 and outer wall 23 of the bulkhead 22 so as to be distributed in a radial direction centered on the rotation axis of the cutter head 3. Each vibration meter 8 measures the vibration of the bulkhead 22.

In this embodiment, two vibrometers 8 (an inner vibrometer 81 and an outer vibrometer 82) are arranged in a radial direction centered on the rotation axis of the cutter head 3. However, the vibration meters 8 do not necessarily have to be lined up in the radial direction, and the positions of the vibration meters 8 may be shifted in the circumferential direction. Further, the number of vibration meters 8 is not particularly limited as long as it is at least two.

The rotation angle detector 72 detects the rotation angle θ (also referred to as rotation position) of the cutter head 3. The rotation angle θ indicates how many times the specific position of the cutter head 3 has rotated from the reference position (0 to 360 degrees). For example, the rotation angle detector 72 is provided at the rotary joint 6.

The determination device 71 is, for example, a computer having a memory such as a ROM or RAM, a storage such as an HDD or SSD, and a CPU, and a program stored in the ROM or storage is executed by the CPU.

The determination device 71 determines whether the vibration waveforms that are the measurement results of the inner vibrometer 81 and the outer vibrometer 82 have a peak value larger than a predetermined value V. The predetermined value V is an index for distinguishing whether or not there is an abnormality in the cutter, and can be determined based on the vibration value when there is no abnormality in the cutter.

For example, FIGS. 4A and 4B show vibration waveforms that are the measurement results of the inner vibrometer 81 and the outer vibrometer 82 when there is no abnormality in the cutter. Note that the vibration waveforms shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B show both half amplitudes in absolute values (the same applies to FIGS. 5A and 5B, which will be described later). These vibration waveforms are, for example, when the tunnel excavator 1 excavates a specific section. The predetermined value V is set to a value slightly larger than the maximum value of the vibration waveform when there is no abnormality in the cutter.

When the vibration waveform of the inner vibration meter 81 has a peak value larger than a predetermined value V, the determination device 71 determines whether a peak value appears every time the cutter head 3 rotates once in the vibration waveform. . If the determination result is positive, the determination device 71 determines that an abnormality has occurred in the cutter located inside the support column 4 among the plurality of cutters.

On the other hand, when the vibration waveform of the outer vibration meter 82 has a peak value larger than the predetermined value V, the determination device 71 determines whether or not a peak value appears every time the cutter head 3 rotates once in the vibration waveform. judge. If the determination result is positive, the determination device 71 determines that an abnormality has occurred in the cutter located outside of the support column 4 among the plurality of cutters.

For example, FIGS. 5A and 5B show vibration waveforms that are the measurement results of the inner vibrometer 81 and the outer vibrometer 82 when there is an abnormality in the cutter. If the cutter has an abnormality such as wear, the vibration of the cutter head 3 at the position where the cutter is present will increase when the cutter head 3 excavates the ground, and the large vibration will be transmitted to the plurality of supports 4 and the cutter drum 5. The signal is transmitted to the bulkhead 22 via. Furthermore, the cutter rotates together with the cutter head 3. Therefore, as described above, if a peak value appears in the vibration waveform every time the cutter head 3 rotates once, it can be determined that an abnormality has occurred in the cutter. This allows the cutter to be replaced in a timely manner.

Moreover, if the cutter with the abnormality is located inside the support column 4, the vibration measured by the vibration meter 8 installed on the inner wall 24 will increase, and the cutter with the abnormality will be located outside of the support support 4. For example, the vibration measured by the vibration meter 8 provided on the outer wall portion 23 increases. Therefore, depending on which of the vibration waveforms of the inner vibration meter 81 and the vibration waveform of the outer vibration meter 82 contains the peak value, the cutter determined to be abnormal is positioned in the radial direction around the rotation axis of the cutter head 3. You can figure out what to do. The vibration waveforms shown in FIGS. 5(a) and 5(b) are those when the cutter in which the abnormality has occurred is located inside the support column 4.

Note that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and various modifications can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention.

(summary)
The cutter abnormality determination system of the present invention is a system for determining abnormality of a plurality of cutters provided in a cutter head of a tunnel excavation machine, wherein the tunnel excavation machine includes a bulk head facing the cutter head, a cutter abnormality determination system, and a cutter abnormality determination system of the present invention. It includes an annular cutter drum provided to divide the head into an inner wall portion and an outer wall portion, and a plurality of supports connecting the cutter head and the cutter drum, and has a diameter centered on the rotation axis of the cutter head. at least two vibrometers for measuring vibrations of the bulkhead, which are provided on the inner wall portion and the outer wall portion so as to be distributed in the direction; and a rotation angle detector for detecting a rotation angle of the cutter head; Determining whether or not there is a peak value larger than a predetermined value in the vibration waveform that is the measurement result of each of the two vibration meters, and when the vibration waveform of the vibration meter provided on the inner wall part has the peak value, In the vibration waveform, if the peak value appears every time the cutter head rotates once, it is determined that an abnormality has occurred in the cutter located inside the pillar among the plurality of cutters, and the outer wall When the vibration waveform of a vibration meter installed in The present invention is characterized by comprising a determination device that determines that an abnormality has occurred in a cutter located on the outside.

For example, the at least two vibrometers may be arranged in a radial direction centered on the rotation axis of the cutter head.

1 Tunnel excavator 2 Excavator body 22 Hulk head 23 Outer wall 24 Inner wall 7 Abnormality determination system 71 Determination device 72 Rotation angle detector 8 Vibration meter

Claims (2)

A system for determining abnormalities in a plurality of cutters installed in a cutter head of a tunnel excavator, the system comprising:
The tunnel excavator includes a bulkhead that faces the cutter head, an annular cutter drum that divides the bulkhead into an inner wall and an outer wall, and a cutter drum that connects the cutter head and the cutter drum. Contains multiple pillars,
at least two vibration meters for measuring vibrations of the bulkhead, which are provided on the inner wall portion and the outer wall portion so as to be distributed in a radial direction centered on the rotation axis of the cutter head;
a rotation angle detector that detects the rotation angle of the cutter head;
Determining whether the vibration waveforms that are the measurement results of the at least two vibration meters have a peak value larger than a predetermined value, and determining whether the vibration waveforms of the vibration meters provided on the inner wall have the peak value. At this time, if the peak value appears in the vibration waveform every time the cutter head rotates once, it is determined that an abnormality has occurred in the cutter located inside the support column among the plurality of cutters; When the vibration waveform of the vibration meter provided on the outer wall has the peak value, and in the vibration waveform, the peak value appears every time the cutter head rotates once, the support column of the plurality of cutters a determination device that determines that an abnormality has occurred in a cutter located outside of the cutter;
A cutter abnormality determination system. The cutter abnormality determination system according to claim 1, wherein the at least two vibrometers are arranged in a radial direction centered on the rotation axis of the cutter head.

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