JP7362081B2 - 新規な乳酸菌株及びその用途 - Google Patents
新規な乳酸菌株及びその用途 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7362081B2 JP7362081B2 JP2021201229A JP2021201229A JP7362081B2 JP 7362081 B2 JP7362081 B2 JP 7362081B2 JP 2021201229 A JP2021201229 A JP 2021201229A JP 2021201229 A JP2021201229 A JP 2021201229A JP 7362081 B2 JP7362081 B2 JP 7362081B2
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- strain
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- lentilactobacillus
- lactic acid
- composition
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Description
本発明の他の実施形態はこの単離された菌株又はその培養物を含む組成物である。
さらに他の実施形態では、上記の単離された菌株又は組成物を有効成分として含むIgA産生促進剤又は免疫賦活剤である。これらの組成物は、飲食品、医薬品、外用剤又は飼料の形態で利用され、これらを投与された対象者の粘膜免疫を賦活するために用いることが好ましい。
本発明の他の側面において、豆乳に上記の単離された菌株を添加して発酵させる工程を含む豆乳ヨーグルトの製造方法が提供される。
(I)新規乳酸菌
(II)IgA産生促進作用及び免疫賦活作用
(III)各種組成物およびその用途
(IV)豆乳ヨーグルトの製造方法
本発明の好ましい実施形態によれば、野菜黒糖発酵液から単離された新規な乳酸菌株およびその変異株が提供される。より好ましくは、商品名「ジオリナ(登録商標)酵素」の培養液から得られるレンチラクトバチルス属に属する菌であり、さらに好ましくは、レンチラクトバチルス コウソニス(Lentilactobacillus kosonis)C06_No.73株(受託番号NITE P-03559)又はその変異株である。「変異株」とは、特定の菌株に対し、当業者に周知の方法により当業者がその主要な性質に変化を及ぼさない範囲で変異させたもの、あるいは、それと同等であると当業者が確認できるものを包含する意味である。なお、「野菜黒糖発酵液から単離された」というのは本発明に係る新規乳酸菌の具体的な発見経路を示す表現であり、レンチラクトバチルス コウソニス(Lentilactobacillus kosonis)C06_No.73株は、野菜黒糖発酵液以外のものから単離されたもの(例えば、自然界の植物から単離されたもの)であってもよい。
レンチラクトバチルス コウソニス(Lentilactobacillus kosonis)C06_No.73株は、日本国長野県佐久市のアルソア佐久ファクトリィで製造された野菜黒糖発酵液から得られた。具体的な単離方法は、後述する[実施例1]で説明するとおりである。
C06_No.73株は、グラム陽性、カタラーゼ陰性であった。また、走査型電子顕微鏡(JSM―6010LA、日本電子株式会社)による観察によれば、図1に示すように、C06_No.73株は桿状の形状を有し、サイズはおおよそ0.7~0.8×1.3~3.0μmであった。また、内生胞子は見られなかった。
生育温度:18~39℃(至適温度は24時間培養で33℃、48時間培養で27℃)
NaCl耐性:6%(w/v)以上で増殖抑制
酵素活性は、ビオメリュー・ジャパン株式会社の酵素活性研究用システム「アピザイム(API ZYM)」を用いて調べた。C06_No.73株は、エステラーゼ、エステラーゼリパーゼ、酸性ホスファターゼ、ナフトールAS-BI-ホスホヒドロラーゼ、α-ガラクトシダーゼ、β-ガラクトシダーゼ、α-グルコシダーゼ、α-フコシダーゼ、ロイシンアリルアミダーゼ、バリンアリルアミダーゼ及びシスチンアリルアミダーゼについて活性を示した(表1参照。)。
C06_No.73株の培養菌体から常法によりゲノムDNAを抽出し、PCR増幅シーケンシングにより、アプライドバイオシステムズ社の3130ジェネティックアナライザを用いて、16S rRNA遺伝子の配列を決定した。C06_No.73株の16S rRNA遺伝子配列は、GenBankの受入番号LC604908として登録されている。この16S rRNA遺伝子配列の相同性をBLAST(Basic Local Alignment Search Tool)により解析した結果、C06_No.73株と最もよく似た菌株はレンチラクトバチルス キューリエ(L.curieae)CCTCC M 2011381株であり、配列同一性は98.1%であった。次点以降で16S rRNA遺伝子配列の配列同一性が高いものとしては、レンチラクトバチルス ラオルティー(L.raoultii)Marseille-P4006株(配列同一性96.8%)、レンチラクトバチルス ラピ(L.rapi)DSM 19907株(配列同一性96.4%)、レンチラクトバチルス キソネンシス(L.kisonensis)DSM 19906株(配列同一性96.3%)、レンチラクトバチルス オウタキエンシス(L.otakiensis)DSM 19908株(配列同一性96.3%)、レンチラクトバチルス スンキー(L.sunkii)DSM 19904株(配列同一性96.3%)、及び、レンチラクトバチルス ディオリボランス(L.diolivorans)DSM 14421株(配列同一性96.3%)が挙げられる。これらの配列同一性は、原核生物の種の異同を判別する閾値として推奨されている98.65%より低く、C06_No.73株は既知の乳酸菌とは別種であると判断できる。
C06_No.73株の炭素源の利用可能性について、ビオメリュー・ジャパン株式会社のAPI 50CHLキットを用いて調べた。また、系統発生分析においてC06_No.73株との16S rRNA遺伝子配列の配列同一性が最も高かったレンチラクトバチルス キューリエ(L.curieae)CCTCC M 2011381株の炭素源の利用可能性についても、C06_No.73株の場合と同様に調べ、比較をおこなった。その結果、上記キットで調査可能な49種類の炭素源のうち、18種類について違いがあることが判明した(表2参照。なお、表2においては、49種類の炭素源のうち違いがある18種類を含む29種類の主な炭素源のみ表示する。)。
化学的な分析のためのC06_No.73株のバイオマスは、MRSブロスを用いて30℃、2~3日の好気性条件での静的培養により得た。ガスクロマトグラフィー(GC)を用いた細胞の脂肪酸の分析には、バージョン6.0のMIDI(Microbial Identification System)を使用した。C06_No.73株から検出された主な脂肪酸は、C16:0(32.7%)、C18:1,ω7c(28.3%)、C18:1,ω9c(19.3%)、及び、C19:0シクロプロパン11,12(7.5%)であった(表3参照。)。
本明細書において、「IgA産生促進剤」とは、レンチラクトバチルス コウソニス(Lentilactobacillus kosonis)C06_No.73株(受託番号NITE P-03559)の菌体又はその培養物を含む組成物を有効成分として含有するものであって、IgA産生細胞を多量に含むパイエル板細胞の培養液に添加して所定期間培養し、培養後の培養液中に分泌された分泌型IgA量が、添加しなかった場合より増加するような、IgA産生誘導能を有するものをいう。IgA産生促進剤は、ワクチンと共に投与することにより、ワクチン中に含まれる抗原に対応する抗体の産生を増強し、ワクチンの効果を増強することができ、またワクチンの副作用を抑える可能性が高い。すなわち、ワクチンが含む抗原に対する抗体の産生を増強し、防御免疫の誘導を良好にしてワクチンの効果を増強する。
〔各種組成物〕
本実施形態の新規乳酸菌を飲食品、医薬品、外用剤(外用医薬品、化粧品等)、飼料等の各種組成物の形態で用いる場合、当該乳酸菌の菌体を、乳酸菌培養の常法に従って培養し、得られた培養物から遠心分離等の集菌手段によって分離されたものをそのまま用いることのみならず、当該培養・発酵液(培養上清)、その培養物の粗精製品あるいは精製品、それらの凍結乾燥品、或いは菌体を酵素や物理的手段を用いて処理した細胞質や細胞壁画分も用いることができる。
(飲食品)
本実施形態の組成物を飲食品とする場合は、例えば発酵乳、乳酸菌飲料、発酵野菜飲料、発酵果実飲料、発酵豆乳飲料等を挙げることができる。「発酵乳」とは、乳又は乳製品を乳酸菌又は酵母で発酵させた糊状又は液状にしたものをいう。従って該発酵乳には飲料形態と共にヨーグルト形態が包含される。また「乳酸菌飲料」とは、乳又は乳製品を乳酸菌又は酵母で発酵させた糊状又は液状にしたものを主原料としてこれを水に薄めた飲料をいう。
本実施形態の組成物を医薬品とする場合は、C06_No.73株と共に製剤学的に許容される適当な製剤担体を用いて、一般的な医薬組成物の形態に調製されて実用される。該製剤担体としては、通常、この分野で使用されることの知られている充填剤、増量剤、結合剤、付湿剤、崩壊剤、表面活性剤、滑沢剤等の希釈剤あるいは賦形剤を例示できる。これらは得られる製剤の投与単位形態に応じて適宜選択使用される。
本実施形態の組成物を化粧品、外用医薬品、医薬部外品等の外用剤組成物とする場合は、C06_No.73株と共に、製剤学的に許容される適当な製剤担体を用いて、一般的な外用剤組成物の形態に調製されて実用される。
本実施形態の組成物を飼料とする場合は、例えば、鶏の非抗生剤投与時期、豚、牛等の離乳期における感染症予防用として、経口投与用製剤形態(水溶液、乳化液、顆粒、粉末、カプセル、錠剤等)を挙げることができる。
本発明の他の実施形態では、豆乳にNITE P-03559として寄託されているレンチラクトバチルス コウソニス(Lentilactobacillus kosonis)C06_No.73株を添加して発酵させる工程を含む豆乳ヨーグルトの製造方法が提供される。
レンチラクトバチルス コウソニス(Lentilactobacillus kosonis)C06_No.73株は、日本国長野県佐久市のアルソア佐久ファクトリィで製造された野菜黒糖発酵液から得られた。C06_No.73株は、発酵7日後の野菜黒糖発酵液から、ペトリ皿中に形成したMRS寒天培地(ディフコラボラトリ社)を用い、30℃、好気性条件で培養することにより単離された。純粋な菌株を得るために、形成されたコロニーのうち1つを取り出し、MRSブロス及び寒天を用いて継代培養した。得られた純粋な菌株は、10%(v/v)グリセロール及び10%(v/v)スキムミルク中に懸濁し、-80℃で保存した。
(パイエル板細胞の調製)
6週齢オスBALB/cA マウス(CREA Japanより購入)をAIN-76A DIET(Research Dietsより購入)にて1週間飼育した後、炭酸ガスにて安楽死させ、パイエル板を摘出した。RPMI10培地[RPMI1640培地(Gibco BRL)に、100U/mlのペニシリン、100μg/mlのストレプトマイシン、55μmol/lの2-メルカプトエタノール及び10%牛胎児血清(FBS;GibcoBRL)]にてパイエル板を洗浄後、25mmol/lのHEPES、5mmol/lのEDTA(pH8.0)及び1mmol/lのジチオスレイトールを加えたRPMI10培地にて45分、37℃、5%CO2条件下で培養した。再度RPMI10培地で洗浄した後、400U/mlのタイプIコラゲナーゼ(Sigma)と、30U/mlのDNaseI(Takara)とを加えたRPMI10培地にて50分、37℃、5%CO2条件下で培養した。反応液を45μmフィルターにて濾過し、RPMI10培地に置換後、2.5×106cells/mlに細胞数を調製した。
MRS培地(Difco Laboratories)にて供試菌を一晩30℃で静置培養し、生理食塩水に置換した。菌体用量依存性(生菌)の検討においては、吸光度(OD600)を0.002および0.02に調製した。生菌・死菌の差の検討においては、吸光度(OD600)を0.02に調製し、70℃、30分間の加熱による死菌処理を実施した場合と実施しない場合とを比較した。レンチラクトバチルス コウソニス(Lentilactobacillus kosonis)C06_No.73株は、石川県立大学松▲崎▼研究室保管株を用いた。なお、実験においては、5μg/mlのLPSをポジティブコントロールとして使用した。
調製したパイエル板細胞100μlと供試菌液100μlを96-well T-cell activation plate(Becton Dickinson)中で5日間、37℃、5%CO2条件下で共培養した。なお、パイエル板細胞と供試菌液とを等量混ぜて培養を実施したため、この時の吸光度(OD600)は供試菌液の調製時の半分(0.001又は0.01)となる。遠心後、得られた培養上清中のIgA量を、mouse IgA ELISA kit (Bethyl Laboratories)で測定した。
(豆乳の準備)
まず、市販の豆乳を常法により加熱殺菌した。次に、豆乳にフルクトースを10%(W/W)添加した。
次に、豆乳にレンチラクトバチルス コウソニス(Lentilactobacillus kosonis)C06_No.73株を添加した。豆乳ヨーグルトの製造のためのC06_No.73株としては、北見工業大学保管株を用いた。C06_No.73株は、MRS培地によりプレ培養し、生理食塩水での洗浄後に遠心分離してから豆乳に懸濁させ、吸光度(OD600)が0.25となるように植菌した。発酵は静置状態で27℃、48時間実施した。なお、発酵開始から6時間ごとにサンプルを採取し、pH、粘度、乳酸の濃度及び酢酸の濃度を測定した。
Claims (7)
- 受託番号NITE P-03559として寄託されているレンチラクトバチルス コウソニス(Lentilactobacillus kosonis)C06_No.73株の単離された菌株。
- 請求項1に記載の単離された菌株又はその培養物を含む組成物。
- 請求項1に記載の単離された菌株又は請求項2に記載の組成物を有効成分として含むIgA産生促進剤。
- 請求項1に記載の単離された菌株又は請求項2に記載の組成物を有効成分として含む免疫賦活剤。
- 飲食品、医薬品、外用剤又は飼料の形態である請求項2に記載の組成物。
- 投与された対象者の粘膜免疫を賦活するための請求項2又は5に記載の組成物。
- 豆乳にNITE P-03559として寄託されているレンチラクトバチルス コウソニス(Lentilactobacillus kosonis)C06_No.73株を添加して発酵させる工程を含む豆乳ヨーグルトの製造方法。
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