JP7350293B2 - Block retaining wall and its construction method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a block retaining wall having a surface layer made of stacked blocks, and a construction method thereof.

In Japanese castles, stone walls made of stacked stones are constructed as retaining walls to protect the castle. Furthermore, retaining walls are used on mountain slopes and river embankments, where blocks such as stones and concrete blocks are piled up to form a surface layer.

Such a block retaining wall having a surface layer formed by piling up block materials has a simple structure and can be constructed in a relatively short construction period, so it is used in various places.

However, in a block-laid retaining wall, when one block collapses, the surrounding blocks become unsupported and collapse, which may lead to collapse of the retaining wall. Particularly in Japan, where earthquakes are common, stacked blocks can sometimes collapse due to an earthquake, and there is a need for a structure that can prevent this.

As a structure for preventing collapse of a block retaining wall, for example, Patent Document 1 describes a structure in which a retaining wall is reinforced using a net. In this retaining wall reinforcement structure, a concrete frame is installed around a retaining wall main body formed by stacking stones, and a net is stretched around this frame. In this masonry retaining wall, the net covering the surface can prevent the stacked stones from falling off to the front side due to an earthquake or the like.

Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2005-9210

However, in the block-laid retaining wall described in Patent Document 1, the frame body stiffens the retaining wall body, and the net body does not press down on the piled stones. However, it was not possible to prevent the stones from shifting.

Therefore, although the mesh can prevent the entire retaining wall from collapsing, it cannot prevent the masonry from collapsing locally, resulting in the problem that the masonry layer on the surface collapses.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and provides a mesh body that can appropriately prevent local collapse of block materials in a block-laid retaining wall having a surface layer made of stacked blocks. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a block retaining wall and its construction method.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention includes a retaining wall body having a surface layer formed by stacking block materials, and a net body that covers the entire area or a predetermined area of the surface layer from the outer surface side. In the block retaining wall, the net is installed in contact with the surface layer, and is stretched so as to press the surface layer from the outer surface side with a predetermined pressing force in the installed state , and The installation is characterized in that the net is connected and fixed to a net fixing member that is fixed by being sandwiched between the blocks.

According to this configuration, the surface layer made of block material such as stone is in a state where it is pressed from the surface side in a normal state. Therefore, the sustaining power of the surface layer is extremely strong in situations where shaking occurs due to earthquakes, etc. Furthermore, since the entire area covered by the mesh is accurately covered, before the block material falls out, At this stage, displacement of the block material can be suppressed, and local collapse can also be prevented.
Furthermore, according to this configuration, the net is connected and fixed to the net fixing member that is sandwiched and fixed between the stacked blocks, so that the stacked blocks will not be displaced due to an earthquake or the like. When the block material is about to occur, the net body fixing member installed near the block material causes the net body to generate a high pressing force against the block material, thereby suppressing the displacement of the block material. Thereby, local collapse of the block material can be more appropriately prevented. In addition, the net body fixing member is sandwiched between the blocks and fixed to the retaining wall body by its weight, so installation is easy.

Further, the present invention is characterized in that, in the block retaining wall, the net is formed of a wire rod made from a hard steel wire rod and has a tensile strength of 800 to 2000 N/mm ² .

According to this configuration, since the net is made of a wire material made of hard steel wire having a tensile strength of 800 to 2000 N/mm ² , the net is difficult to plastically deform, has high tensile strength and spring resistance. You can demonstrate your sexuality. Thereby, the effect of preventing the block material from collapsing by the net body can be further enhanced.

Further, the present invention is characterized in that, in the block-laid retaining wall, the net fixing member is formed of a wire material made of the same material as the net, a part of the net, or a rod-shaped material.

According to this configuration, the net fixing member is fixed to the retaining wall main body with a simple structure in which the wire material made of the same material as the net, a part of the net or the rod material is sandwiched between the block materials, and the net The effect of preventing the block material from collapsing due to the body can be enhanced.

The present invention also provides the block-laid retaining wall, in which the net body is pressed against the surface of the retaining wall body by linear members extending vertically and/or in the width direction on the wall surface of the retaining wall body. It is characterized by the presence of

According to this configuration, by pressing the net against the surface of the retaining wall main body using the wire members, the effect of preventing the blocks from collapsing can be enhanced.

The present invention also provides a method for constructing the block retaining wall, comprising:
a step of fixing the lower end of the net to the ground;
piling up the blocks to a predetermined height;
The surface of the stacked blocks is covered with the net, the net fixing member connected to the net is placed on top of the top block, and the block is further placed on top of the net fixing member. The process of piling up
covering the blocks stacked on the net fixing member with a net connected to the net fixing member;
It is characterized by including.

According to this configuration, when constructing a block retaining wall reinforced with a net, the blocks are piled up to a predetermined height, the net is covered with the net, and the net fixing member is placed on top of the block. The net fixing member is fixed to the retaining wall main body by a simple method of stacking blocks on top of it and covering it with a net connected to the net fixing member, and the net fixing member is used to secure the net. can be fixed to the surface layer of the retaining wall body.

According to the block-laid retaining wall and its construction method of the present invention, the surface layer of the retaining wall main body made of blocks is pressed from the surface side by the net, thereby preventing the entire retaining wall from collapsing. In addition, even when shaking occurs due to an earthquake or the like, the surface layer has a strong sustaining force, and local collapse of the block material can be prevented.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a partially cross-sectional perspective view schematically showing a block retaining wall according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a plan view of a net and a net fixing part. A perspective view of the plate material seen from the bottom side. FIG. 3 is a plan view of the net, the anchor member, and the plate material in an installed state, viewed from the lower surface side of the plate material. FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of main parts of the block retaining wall shown in FIG. 1. FIG. 6 is a diagram similar to FIG. 5 illustrating a modification of the net body fixing part. A schematic cross-sectional view illustrating the construction process of a block retaining wall. A schematic cross-sectional view illustrating the construction process of a block retaining wall. A schematic cross-sectional view illustrating the construction process of a block retaining wall. A schematic cross-sectional view illustrating the construction process of a block retaining wall. A schematic cross-sectional view illustrating the construction process of a block retaining wall. FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating another method of constructing a block retaining wall according to the present invention. FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating still another method of constructing a block retaining wall according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a block retaining wall according to a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a partially cross-sectional perspective view schematically showing a block retaining wall according to a third embodiment of the present invention. A schematic cross-sectional view of a block retaining wall according to a third embodiment.

(First embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a partially sectional perspective view of a block retaining wall according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The block-laid retaining wall 10 (hereinafter also simply referred to as "retaining wall 10") includes a retaining wall body 12 and a net body 20 that covers the surface of the retaining wall body 12. Further, the retaining wall main body 12 has a surface layer 14 formed by stacking blocks, and a back ground 16 formed on the back side of the surface layer 14. The net 20 is fixed to the retaining wall main body 12 by anchor members 40 and net fixing members 50.

The retaining wall 10 of this embodiment is a stone wall, and stones 30 are used as block materials forming the surface layer 14. Furthermore, although the illustrated stone wall has a surface layer 14 in which stones 30 are piled up on both sides of the retaining wall main body 12 in the thickness direction D, only one surface may have the surface layer 14 made of masonry. . In a stone wall, the stones 30 forming the surface layer 14 are called building stones, the lowest stone 30A is a root stone, and the top stone 30B is a crown stone. The gaps on the front side of the building stones are filled with filler stones smaller than the building stones, and the gaps on the back side are filled with feed stones.

The back ground 16 is a wall portion formed on the back side of the surface layer 14 (inner side in the thickness direction D of the retaining wall main body 12), and can be formed of, for example, backfill stones 16a, embankment, or the like.

The net body 20 is formed by weaving metal linear members 24, and is installed on the outer surface side of the surface layer 14 so as to cover the stacked stones 30. In FIG. 1, for easy understanding, the net covering one surface of the retaining wall main body 12 in the thickness direction D is denoted by 20-1, and the net covering the other surface is denoted by 20-2. It is said that

The wire rods 24 forming the net body 20 are manufactured from hard steel wire rods, have a diameter of 2 mm to 5 mm, and have a tensile strength of 800 N/mm ² to 2000 N/mm ² . Examples of such wire materials include wire materials manufactured from hard steel wire specified in JIS G 3506, such as hard steel wire (JIS G 3521) and galvanized steel wire (JIS G 3548). can be used. The wire rod 24 manufactured from a hard steel wire rod is a wire rod manufactured from a mild steel wire rod specified in JIS G 3505, that is, a commercially available iron wire made of a mild steel wire (generally having a tensile strength of 290 to 540 N/mm). It is less likely to undergo plastic deformation and has high tensile strength and springiness compared to the general-purpose wire mesh made of ² ).

Note that the wire rods 24 forming the net body 20 are not limited to those made of metal, and for example, wire rods formed of carbon fiber, glass fiber, aramid fiber, etc., or wire rods made of highly anticorrosive resin may be used. I can do it.

As shown in FIG. 2, the mesh body 20 of this embodiment is a rhombic wire mesh having rhombic meshes 22. In addition, in FIG. 2, the net body 20 and the net body fixing member 50 connected thereto are shown, and a part of the net body 20 is shown in a hypothetical manner so that the connected state with the net body fixing member 50 can be easily understood. It is shown by a line. There is. The size of the meshes 22 of the mesh body 20 is, for example, one (the shorter one in the mesh 22 in FIG. 2) has a diagonal length of 50 to 150 mm, and the other (the longer one in the mesh 22 in FIG. 2) has a diagonal length of 50 mm. ~200mm. Furthermore, a twisted annular binding part 26 is formed at the shorter diagonal end of the diamond-shaped mesh located on the side of the net body 20, and the two binding parts 26 are connected. The edges have been treated.

It is preferable that the net body 20 has a galvanized layer or a zinc-aluminum alloy plated layer on its surface. When the plating layer is a galvanized layer, the coating amount is 80 g/m ² or more, preferably 100 to 500 g/m ² , more preferably 200 to 400 g/m ² . When the plating layer is a zinc-aluminum alloy plating layer, the amount of adhesion is 80 g/m ² or more, preferably 100 to 300 g/m ² , more preferably 200 to 300 g/m ² . Further, in the case of a galvanized layer, the thickness of the plating layer is preferably 14 to 70 μm, more preferably 28 to 42 μm. In the case of a zinc-aluminum alloy plating layer, the thickness thereof is preferably 10 to 50 μm, more preferably 30 to 48 μm. When the plating layer is a zinc-aluminum alloy plating layer, the zinc content is preferably 85% by mass to 95% by mass, and the aluminum content is preferably 5% by mass to 15% by mass.

Furthermore, the linear material 24 constituting the net body 20 may be coated with a synthetic resin on the surface of the galvanized layer or zinc-aluminum alloy plating layer, for example, saturated polyester (PET) or polyvinyl chloride (PVC). It may have a coating layer made of, etc. Thereby, the corrosion resistance of the net body 20 can be further improved.

The net body 20 covers the entire area or a predetermined area of the surface layer 14 of the retaining wall 10 from the outer surface side, and is installed in a state in which it is in contact with the outer surface layer 14 . In the installed state, the net 20 is stretched so as to press the surface layer 14 from the outer surface side with a predetermined pressing force. The net body 20 of this embodiment covers the entire area of the surface layer 14, and its peripheral portion is fixed to the ground G and the retaining wall body 12 using an anchor member 40, a plate member 42, and a nut member 46, and the inside thereof The area is fixed to the surface layer 14 by a mesh fixing member 50.

In FIG. 1, a lower side part 21 and an upper side part 22, which are the peripheral parts of the net body 20, are shown fixed by an anchor member 40, a plate material 42, and a nut member 46. The side portions of the net 20 fixed to the retaining wall main body 12 are omitted.

In the net body 20 of this embodiment, the lower side 21 is pressed against the ground G side by the plate member 42 fixed to the head of the anchor member 40 using the nut member 46, and the upper side 22 is pressed against the retaining wall main body. It is pressed against the top surface 12a of 12. Further, the lower side portion 21 is fixed to the ground G by stones 30, backfill stones 16a, etc. stacked thereon.

As the anchor member 40, for example, an anchor pin, a lock bolt, or the like can be used. Further, in this embodiment, a cap nut including a cap that covers the head of the anchor member 40 is used as the nut member 46.

As shown in FIG. 3, the plate material 42 is a plate material in which a through hole 45 through which the anchor member 40 is inserted is formed in the center thereof, and is made of, for example, a steel plate, a resin plate in which a reinforcing material is embedded, or the like. be able to. The plate material 42 is formed to have a longer diameter (length in the long direction) larger than the mesh 22 of the mesh body 20 in plan view. The plate material 42 can adopt various shapes such as a circle, an ellipse, and a polygon when viewed from above, and is formed into a substantially hexagonal shape in this embodiment.

It is preferable that one or more protrusions 44 protruding from the lower surface 43 are formed on the lower surface 43 side of the plate material 42 . In this embodiment, six protrusions 44 are formed on the lower surface 43. The length of the protrusion 44 is greater than or equal to the thickness of the net body 20.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the plate material 42 is placed on the net 20 with the anchor member 40 passed through the through hole 45, and the protrusion 44 penetrates the mesh 22 of the net 20. It is arranged like this. The plate member 42 is fixed to the head of the anchor member 40 by a nut member 46 fastened to the top of the anchor member 40 . In this way, by inserting the projections 44 into the mesh 22, when an external force is applied to the mesh 20 and the relative position between the plate material 42 and the mesh 20 is about to shift, the projections The locking structure between the portion 44 and the wire material 24 can prevent the mesh body 20 from shifting.

Note that a buffer (not shown) for wear resistance may be placed between the plate material 42 and the net body 20. The buffer can be made of, for example, a rubber material or a resin material, and can be a film integrally formed on the surface of the plate material 42. Further, a sheet-like buffer body separate from the plate material 42 may be arranged between the net body 20 and the plate material 42, and in such a case, it is preferable that the buffer body has flexibility.

The net fixing member 50 fixes the net 20 to the surface layer 14, and is sandwiched between the stacked stones 30 and fixed to the surface layer 12 by the weight of the stones 30. By connecting the net 20 to the net fixing member 50, the inner region of the net 20 is fixed to the surface layer 12.

The net body fixing member 50 of this embodiment is formed of a linear material such as a wire, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 5. The wire material forming the net body fixing member 50 may be made of the same material as the wire material 24 forming the net body 20, for example. An annular connecting portion 51 for connecting to the net 20 is formed at an end of the net fixing member 50 . As shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of net fixing members 50 are attached at intervals in the width direction of the net 20 (a direction perpendicular to the vertical direction of the retaining wall surface in the installed state) and in the vertical direction. In this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a wire 58, which is a linear material extending in the width direction, is passed through the net body 20, and a net is used to bind the wire 58 and the net body 20. A connecting portion 51 of the body fixing member 50 is provided. The wire 58 may be made of the same material as the wire material 24 forming the net body 20, for example. As shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of wires 58 are attached at intervals in the vertical direction of the net body 20, and a plurality of net body fixing members 50 are connected at intervals in the extending direction of each wire 58. . Note that the wire 58 is an option and can be omitted, but by providing the wire 58, the connected and fixed state between the net 20 and the net fixing member 50 can be made more stable. In addition, by adjusting the tension of the wire 58, the net 20 can be pressed against the surface and the reinforcing effect of the net 20 can be enhanced.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, in this embodiment, both surfaces of the retaining wall main body 12 in the thickness direction D are covered with mesh bodies 20-1 and 20-2, and the mesh body fixing member 50 is The connecting portion 51 on one end side is connected to the mesh body 20-1 that covers the surface on one side in the thickness direction D of the retaining wall main body 12, and the connecting portion 51 on the other end side is connected to the net body 20-1 covering the surface on one side in the thickness direction D of the retaining wall main body 12. It is connected to a net 20-2 that covers the surface. Although not shown, a tensioner may be provided between both ends of the linearly formed mesh fixing member 50, and the tension of the mesh fixing member 50 may be adjusted by this tensioner. The net body fixing member 50 is installed so as to pull the net bodies 20-1 and 20-2 connected to both sides thereof toward the inside of the retaining wall body 12 in the thickness direction D, and the net body fixing member 50 is It is fixed to the retaining wall main body 12 by the weight of the stones 30, backfill stones 16a, etc.

In this way, the nets 20-1 and 20-2 stretched by the net fixing member 50 and the anchor members 40 press the surface layer 14 from the outer surface side with a predetermined pressing force in the installed state.

Note that the net body fixing member 50 is not limited to a linear member, and may be any member as long as it is connected to the net body 20 and can fix the net body 20 with the weight of the stones 30. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a modification of the net body fixing member 50.

In modification example 1 shown in FIG. 6(a), the net body fixing member 50 is formed by a part of the net body 20. Since the net 20 is formed of a wire material 24 that is easy to bend, a plurality of nets 20 can be easily formed by bending this wire material 24 so as to connect it to other nets 20. They can be connected or continuous, a part of which can be sandwiched between the stones 30 and fixed by the weight of the stones 30, and this can be used as the net fixing member 50.

In the second modification shown in FIG. 6(b), the net body fixing member 50 is formed of a rod-shaped material such as a metal or resin material having a predetermined rigidity, such as a reinforcing bar. An annular connecting portion 51 for connecting to the net body 20 is provided at the end of this rod-shaped member, which is made of a linear material such as a wire.

Although the wire 58 is omitted in FIGS. 6(a) and 6(b), by connecting and fixing the net 20 and the net fixing member 50 via the wire 58, the connected state of these can be improved. It can be stabilized.

Next, a method of constructing the retaining wall 10 described above will be explained using FIGS. 7 to 11. In each figure, the description of the net 20 and the net fixing member 50 is simplified, the net 20 is shown as a thick broken line, the net fixing member 50 is shown as an open rectangle, and the wire 58 is not shown. ing.

First, as shown in FIG. 7, the anchor member 40 is driven into the ground G, and then the head of the anchor member 40 is passed through the mesh 22 of the lower side 21 of the mesh body 20, and the anchor member 40 is inserted from above the mesh body 20. By attaching the plate material 42 to the head of the anchor member 40 and fastening the nut member 46, the plate material 42 is fixed to the head of the anchor member 40 (fixing process of the lower side of the mesh body).

Thereafter, the retaining wall body 12 is constructed to a predetermined height so as to overlap the lower side 21 of the net body 20 and the anchor member 40. Specifically, the back ground 16 is formed to a predetermined height, and stones 30 are piled up to this predetermined height (construction process of the lower region of the retaining wall main body).

Next, as shown in FIG. 8, the net 20 is placed over the retaining wall main body 12 so as to cover the surface side of the stones 30 stacked, and the net 20 is connected to the net 20 on top of the top stone 30. Then, the net body fixing member 50 is placed (placing step of the net body fixing part). The net 20 covers the surface of the stone 30 while applying tension to the net 20 so as to press the surface layer 14 of the retaining wall body 12 from the outer surface side with a predetermined pressing force in the installed state. The connecting portion 51 on one end side of the net body fixing member 50 and the wire 58 (not shown) may be connected to the net body 20 in advance, or the required portions of the net body 20 may be connected to the net body 20 after the construction process of the lower region of the retaining wall main body. It may be connected to the position.

Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 9, a retaining wall body 12 is further constructed to a predetermined height on top of the constructed retaining wall body 12 (construction step of retaining wall body intermediate region). On top of the net fixing member 50, the stones 30 and the back ground 16 are piled up to a predetermined height, and the net fixing member 50 is sandwiched between the stones 30 and the back ground 16 stacked vertically, and the net The weight of the stones 30 and the like on the body fixing member 50 causes it to be fixed to the retaining wall main body 12.

Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 10, the net 20 is placed over the retaining wall main body 12 so as to cover the surface side of the stacked stones 30, and the net 20 is connected to the net 20 on top of the topmost stone 30. The net body fixing member 50 is placed (a net body fixing member placement step).

Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 11, stones 30 and back ground 16 are piled up to the top of the retaining wall 10 (construction process for the upper region of the retaining wall main body), and the surface of the upper region of the retaining wall main body 12 is covered with the net 20. , the upper side part 22 of the net body 20 is fixed to the top surface of the retaining wall body 12 using the anchor member 40, the plate material 42, and the nut member 46 (fixing process of the upper side part of the net body). As a result, each net body fixing member 50 is fixed to the retaining wall main body 12 by the stones 30 piled up on it and the back ground 16, and the net body 20 connected to this net body fixing member 50 is fixed to the retaining wall main body 12. It is in a state where it is fixed to the surface layer 14 of the main body 12.

In addition, when the height of the retaining wall 10 is high, repeat the "installation process of the net fixing member" and the "construction process of the intermediate region of the retaining wall main body" to secure the fixing points with the net fixing member 50. May be increased.

In the retaining wall 10 described above, when constructing the retaining wall 10 reinforced with the net 20, the stones 30 are piled up to a predetermined height, and the stones 30 are covered with the net 20 and the edges are placed on top of the uppermost stones 30. The net body fixing member 50 is connected to the net body 20 by a simple method of placing the net body fixing member 50 connected to the net body 20, stacking stones 30 on top of the net body fixing member 50, and covering the newly stacked stones 30 with the net body 20. 50 is fixed to the retaining wall body 12, and the net body 20 can be fixed to the surface layer 14 of the retaining wall body 12 by this net body fixing member 50.

Further, in the retaining wall 10, the surface layer 14 formed of stones 30 is in a state where it is pressed from the outer surface side in a normal state. Therefore, the sustaining force of the surface layer 14 is extremely strong in situations where shaking occurs due to an earthquake or the like. In addition, since the entire area covered by the mesh body 20 is accurately covered, it is possible to suppress the displacement of the stones 30 before the stones 30 fall out, and local collapse can be prevented. It can be prevented.

In particular, since the net body 20 is made of a wire material 24 manufactured from a hard steel wire rod having a tensile strength of 800 to 2000 N/mm ² , the net body 20 is difficult to plastically deform and has a high tensile strength. It can exhibit springiness. As a result, even if the amount of displacement (amount of positional shift) of the stacked stones 30 is small, the force to suppress this (tensile force acting on the net 20) is appropriately exerted to prevent the stones 30 from collapsing. be able to.

In addition, since the net body 20 is connected and fixed to the net body fixing member 50 which is sandwiched between the stacked stones 30, when the stones 30 are about to shift due to an earthquake or the like, this stone The net body fixing member 50 installed near the net body 30 can generate a high pressing force on the net body 20, and can appropriately suppress the displacement of the stones 30.

In this embodiment, the net fixing member 50 extends from one surface (i.e., the net 20-1 side) of the retaining wall main body 12 in the thickness direction D to the other surface (i.e., the net 20-2 side). It may extend, but not extend to the other surface, and may be interrupted, for example, in the region of the back ground 16. Further, the net body fixing member 50 may have a configuration that is fixed to the retaining wall body 12 by at least the weight of the stones 30.

Next, another construction method for the block retaining wall 10 will be explained.

FIG. 12 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating another method of constructing the block retaining wall 10. In this retaining wall 10, a part of the net 20 is used as the net fixing member 50, and the lower region, middle region, and upper region of the retaining wall main body 12 are covered with the nets 20A, 20B, and 20C in that order. ing. Note that the nets 20A to 20C have the same structure as the above-mentioned net 20, and symbols A to C have been added to make it easier to understand the order of installation.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 12(a), one side of the net 20, which will become the lower side 21 of the net 20, is placed on the ground using an anchor member 40, a plate material 42, and a nut member 46. G (fixing process of the lower side of the net body), and stacking stones 30 and back ground 16 on top of it to a predetermined height (building process of the lower area of the retaining wall main body). Thereafter, the lower region of the constructed retaining wall main body 12 is covered with the net 20A, and the lower side 21', which is the side opposite to the lower side 21 of the net 20A, is fixed to the ground G with an anchor member 40 or the like. do. At this time, the net 20A placed on the upper surface of the stones 30 and the back ground 16 constitutes the net fixing member 50 (placing step of the net fixing member). The net body 20A is in contact with the surface layer 14 formed of stones 30, and is stretched so as to press the surface layer 14 from the outer surface side with a predetermined pressing force.

Next, as shown in FIG. 12(b), stones 30 and back ground 16 are further piled up to a predetermined height on top of the net body fixing member 50, which is a part of the net body 20A (retaining wall main body intermediate area construction process). Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 12(c), the net 20B is placed over the middle region of the retaining wall main body 12 so as to cover the surface side of the newly piled stones 30. At this time, the net body 20B placed on the upper surface of the stones 30 and the back ground 16 constitutes the net body fixing member 50 (placing step of the net body fixing member). An end of this net 20B is connected to the lower net 20A via a connecting portion 55. The mesh body 20B is in contact with the surface layer 14 and is stretched so as to press the surface layer 14 from the outer surface side with a predetermined pressing force. In FIG. 12, the connecting portions 55 of the nets 20A and 20B and the connecting portions 55 of the nets 20B and 20C are simplified and shown as white squares. It can be tied together, or it can be a metal or resin connector.

Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 12(d), stones 30 and back ground 16 are piled up to the top of the retaining wall 10 (construction process for the upper region of the retaining wall body 12), and the surface of the upper region of the retaining wall body 12 is covered with a net. Cover with 20C. This net 20C is connected to the net 20B that covers the intermediate region of the retaining wall main body 12 via a connecting portion 55. The net 20C is in contact with the surface layer 14 and is stretched so as to press the surface layer 14 from the outer surface side with a predetermined pressing force. The mesh bodies 20A, 20B, and 20C are stretched so as to be in contact with the surface layer 14 and press the surface layer 14 from the outer surface side with a predetermined pressing force. Thereby, the net body 20 connected in series with the net body fixing member 50 is in a state of being fixed to the surface layer 14 of the retaining wall main body 12.

FIG. 13 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating still another method of constructing the block retaining wall 10. Note that the nets 20A to 20C have the same structure as the above-mentioned net 20, and symbols A to C have been added to make it easier to understand the order of installation. In this retaining wall 10, a part of the net 20 is used as a net fixing member 50.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 13(a), one side of the net 20, which becomes the lower side 21 of the nets 20A and 20B, is secured using an anchor member 40, a plate member 42, and a nut member 46. and fix it to the ground G (fixing process of the lower side of the net), and pile up stones 30 and back ground 16 to a predetermined height on top of it (building process of the lower area of the retaining wall main body). Thereafter, the lower region of the constructed retaining wall main body 12 is covered with nets 20A and 20B. The net 20A covers one surface layer 14 and the upper surface of the lower region of the retaining wall main body 12, and the net 20B covers the other surface 14. At this time, the net 20A placed on the upper surface of the stones 30 and the back ground 16 constitutes the net fixing member 50 (placing step of the net fixing member). The upper end of the net 20B is connected to the net 20A via a connecting portion 55.

Next, as shown in FIG. 13(b), stones 30 and back ground 16 are piled up to a predetermined height on top of the net fixing member 50, which is a part of the net 20A. construction process). After that, one surface layer 14 and the upper surface of the intermediate region of the retaining wall body 12 are covered with the net 20A, and further, as shown in FIG. 13(c), the other surface layer 14 of the intermediate region of the retaining wall body 12 is 14 is covered with a net body 20C. At this time, a portion of the net 20A placed on the upper surface of the stones 30 and the back ground 16 constitutes the net fixing member 50 (placing step of the net fixing member). The net body 20C is connected to the net body 20 via a connecting portion 55.

Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 13(d), the stones 30 and back ground 16 are piled up to the top of the retaining wall 10 (construction process for the upper region of the retaining wall main body), and the surface of the upper region of the retaining wall main body 12 is covered with a mesh. Cover with 20A. The distal end portion of the net 20A is connected to the net 20A covering the intermediate region of the retaining wall body 12 via the connecting portion 55. As a result, each net body fixing member 50 is fixed to the retaining wall main body 12 by the stones 30 piled up on it and the back ground 16, and the net body 20 connected in series with this net body fixing member 50 is It will be in a state where it is fixed to the surface layer 14 of the retaining wall main body 12.

(Second embodiment)
Next, a second embodiment of the block retaining wall 10 will be described using FIG. 14. In the second embodiment described below, the same reference numerals are given to parts corresponding to those in the first embodiment, and details of the same configurations as in the first embodiment are omitted.
The retaining wall 10 of this embodiment does not have the net body fixing member 50, and the peripheral part of the net body 20 is connected to the ground G and the retaining wall body by using the anchor member 40, the plate material 42, and the nut member 46. It is fixed at 12. In the retaining wall 10 of this embodiment, after the retaining wall body 12 is constructed, the surface layer 14 of the retaining wall body 12 is pressed with a predetermined pressing force from the outer surface side. It can be constructed by stretching the body 20. The retaining wall 10 having a reinforcement structure using the net 20 of this embodiment can also be applied to an existing retaining wall main body 12 in which the net 20 is not installed.

(Third embodiment)
Next, a third embodiment of the block retaining wall 10 will be described using FIGS. 15 and 16. In the third embodiment described below, parts corresponding to those in the first embodiment are given the same reference numerals, and details of the same configurations as in the first embodiment are omitted. Note that in FIG. 16, illustrations of linear members 68 and 69, which will be described later, are omitted.

The retaining wall 10 of this embodiment does not have the net body fixing member 50, and the net body 20 is fixed to the ground G and the retaining wall body 12 using the anchor members 40 and plate materials 42, 62. There is. The plate material 62 is a plate material in which a through hole through which the anchor member 40 passes is formed in the center and does not have a protrusion on the lower surface. Specifically, the central region of the net 20 is fixed to the surface of the retaining wall body 12 via a plurality of anchor members 40 embedded in the wall surface of the retaining wall body 12 at intervals. This anchor member 40 has a hollow shape, and by filling the hollow with grout material at the time of embedding and providing a fixing part 64 made of grout material at the tip of the embedded anchor member 40, the anchor member 40 can be easily removed. is prevented, and can be stably fixed to the retaining wall main body 12. In addition, the lower side portion 21 of the net body 20 that is fixed to the ground G is sandwiched between rod-shaped members 60 arranged on the ground G along the retaining wall main body 12, and is pressed against the ground G from above by the rod-shaped members 60. It is fixed using an anchor member 40 in this state. The rod-shaped member 60 is an elongated member, and may be made of iron such as cast iron or steel, other metals, or resin. In this embodiment, a long plate made of cast iron is used as the rod-shaped material 60.

Furthermore, the net body 20 is pressed against the surface of the retaining wall main body 12 by linear members 68 extending in the width direction on the wall surface of the retaining wall main body 12 and linear members 69 extending in the vertical direction. The wire members 68 and 69 may be wires made of the same material as the wire member 24 constituting the net body 20, for example. The wire members 68 and 69 are pressed against the outer surface of the surface layer 14 by the anchor member 40 embedded in the wall surface, and specifically, the wire members 68 and 69 are held between the plate members 42 through which the anchor member 40 penetrates. , are pressed against the surface layer 14. A tensioner 66 can be attached to the wire members 68 and 69 to adjust the tension thereof. FIG. 15 shows an example in which a tensioner 66 is attached to a linear member 69 extending in the vertical direction. Note that the wire members 68 and 69 are optional, and the structure may be such that they are not provided or only one of them is provided.

In the retaining wall 10 of this embodiment, the net body 20 is fixed to the surface of the retaining wall body 12 via the anchor members 40, or the net body 20 is pressed against the surface of the retaining wall body 12 by the linear members 68, 69. By doing so, the effect of preventing the stone 30 from collapsing can be enhanced. Further, by pressing and fixing the lower side portion 21 of the net 20 to the ground G using the rod-shaped members 60, the net 20 can be stably fixed and the retention force of the surface layer 14 can be increased. The retaining wall 10 having a reinforcement structure using the net 20 of this embodiment can also be applied to an existing retaining wall main body 12 in which the net 20 is not installed.

Note that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention.

For example, the retaining wall 10 is not limited to a stone wall, but may be a protective wall that prevents the collapse of a mountain slope, or an embankment installed on a riverbank or coast to prevent water from entering a river or the sea. When the retaining wall 10 is a protective wall or an embankment, a concrete block or the like can be used instead of the stone 30 as the block material.

10 Block retaining wall 12 Retaining wall body 14 Surface layer 16 Back ground 20, 20A, 20B, 20C Net body 30 Stone (block material)
40 Anchor member 42 Plate material 46 Nut member 50 Net body fixing member G Ground

Claims (6)

A retaining wall body having a surface layer formed by stacking blocks;
A block retaining wall comprising a net covering the entire area or a predetermined area of the surface layer from the outer surface side,
The net is installed in contact with the surface layer, and stretched so as to press the surface layer from the outer surface side with a predetermined pressing force in the installed state ,
The block retaining wall is characterized in that the installation of the net is performed by connecting and fixing the net to a net fixing member that is fixed by being sandwiched between the blocks. The block retaining wall according to claim 1, wherein the net is made of a wire made of hard steel wire and has a tensile strength of 800 to 2000 N/mm ² . The block retaining wall according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the net fixing member is formed of a wire material made of the same material as the net, a part of the net, or a bar material. The lower side of the net is pressed against the ground by a plate member fixed to the head of the anchor member using a nut member, and is pressed against the ground by the retaining wall body stacked on the lower side. The block retaining wall according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it is fixed . Any one of claims 1 to 4 , wherein the net body is pressed against the surface of the retaining wall body by linear members extending vertically and/or in the width direction on the wall surface of the retaining wall body. The block retaining wall described in item 1. A construction method for a block retaining wall according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising :
a step of fixing the lower side of the net to the ground;
piling up the blocks to a predetermined height;
The surface of the stacked blocks is covered with the net, the net fixing member connected to the net is placed on top of the top block, and the block is further placed on top of the net fixing member. The process of piling up
covering the blocks stacked on the net fixing member with a net connected to the net fixing member;
A method for constructing a block retaining wall, comprising:

Images