JP7345962B2 - waveguide switch - Google Patents

Description

Waveguides have traditionally been used to efficiently transmit electromagnetic waves, and the present invention is useful for switching the transmission path of electromagnetic waves in various devices (transceivers, antennas, measuring instruments, etc.) using waveguides. This invention relates to a waveguide switch used.

A rotary type waveguide switch is known.

7 to 9 show conventional rotary type waveguide switches. FIG. 7(a) is a front view showing the external appearance, and FIG. 7(b) is a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 7(a). FIG. 8(a) is a side view of the main part, and FIG. 8(b) is a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 8(a).

The stator 110 of the waveguide switch 100 has a cylindrical space 111 at the center of a metal rectangular parallelepiped main body, and four waveguide connections each opening into this space 111 and four side surfaces of the main body. Openings 112, 112, .

A rotor drive unit 101 for rotating the rotor 120 is provided at the top of the main body of the stator 110, and a manual switching knob 102 for manually rotating the rotor 120 is provided at the top of the rotor drive unit 101. It is provided.

The rotor 120 has a somewhat flat cylindrical shape, and two waveguides 121, 121 are formed that cross the cylinder and open to the outer peripheral surface 122 of the rotor 120.

The waveguide 121 is gently bent when viewed from above, and has openings on the outer circumferential surface 122 of the rotor 120 at positions shifted by approximately 90 degrees at the center angle, and has four openings 123, 123, . . . on the outer circumferential surface 122. is formed.

Slit-shaped choke grooves 124, 124, . . . are formed on the outer peripheral surface 122 of the rotor 120, extending parallel to the central axis and having a predetermined depth in the radial direction (for example, see Patent Document 1) ).

Two choke grooves 124 are formed between the openings 123, and the distance from the center of the choke groove 124 to the opening edge parallel to the central axis of the opening 123 is equal to the effective wavelength λ of the transmitted electromagnetic wave. It is formed 1/4 times the size.

Further, the depth of the choke groove 124 in the radial direction is set to be 1/4 times the effective wavelength λ of the transmitted electromagnetic wave.

By forming the distance and depth of the choke groove 124 from the opening 123 to be 1/4 times the effective wavelength λ of the transmitted electromagnetic wave, the transmitted electromagnetic wave due to the gap between the stator 110 and the rotor 120 is reduced. Leakage is suppressed.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 57-174903

However, in the conventional waveguide switch 100 described above, it is fine if the diameter of the rotor 120 is relatively small, but as the diameter of the rotor 120 increases, the distance between the two choke grooves 124 and 124 increases. Put it away.

That is, since the distance between these two choke grooves 124 and 124 from the opening 123 of the waveguide 121 of the rotor 120 is constant at λ/4 times, as the diameter of the rotor 120 increases, the distance between the choke grooves 124 and 124 is constant. The interval becomes large.

If the distance between the two choke grooves 124, 124 becomes large, resonance will occur and the amount of adjacent port coupling will deteriorate. In particular, it was found that the deterioration was noticeable in the 8.65 GHz transmission electromagnetic wave and the 10.30 GHz transmission electromagnetic wave (see FIG. 9(a)).

Furthermore, it was also found that the power resistance deteriorates when transmitting electromagnetic waves in these frequency bands (see FIG. 9(b)).

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a waveguide switch that can prevent deterioration of the amount of adjacent port coupling due to resonance and also prevent deterioration of power durability even if the diameter of the rotor increases.

In order to solve the above problem, the invention of claim 1 provides a rotor having a cylindrical shape and in which at least two waveguides are formed that cross the cylinder and open on the outer peripheral surface, and a rotor that is rotatable. a stator having a supporting cylindrical space formed therein and having a waveguide connection port facing and communicating with the opening of the waveguide on the inner circumferential surface of the space; , a waveguide switch that switches so that the opening of the waveguide faces the waveguide connection port of the stator, wherein the interval in the circumferential direction between two adjacent openings is 3 of the effective wavelength λ of the transmitted electromagnetic wave. /4 times or more, a choke groove for suppressing leakage of transmitted electromagnetic waves due to a gap between the stator and the rotor is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the rotor, and a choke groove is provided in the opening of the rotor and an opening adjacent to the opening. At least three choke grooves are formed on the outer circumferential surface between the choke grooves at intervals that can prevent the occurrence of resonance, and among the choke grooves, the choke grooves adjacent to the opening are respectively end-side choke grooves, and the two end-side choke grooves are formed. The choke groove formed between the two is set as an intermediate choke groove, and the distance from the center of the end-side choke groove to the opening edge of the opening is set to 1/4 times the effective wavelength λ of the transmitted electromagnetic wave. It is characterized in that the intermediate choke grooves are formed between the end choke grooves at intervals that can prevent the resonance from occurring.

According to the invention described in claim 1, the diameter of the rotor is increased and the length of the outer peripheral surface in the circumferential direction is increased , so that the interval in the circumferential direction between the two adjacent openings is equal to the effective wavelength λ of the transmitted electromagnetic wave. Since at least three choke grooves are formed at intervals that can prevent the occurrence of resonance even when the size is 3/4 times or more , leakage of transmitted electromagnetic waves due to the gap between the rotor and stator can be effectively suppressed. At the same time, it is possible to prevent resonance from occurring, and to that extent, it is possible to prevent deterioration of the amount of adjacent port coupling and deterioration of power durability performance.

A waveguide switch according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention is shown together with FIGS. 2 to 4, where (a) is a front view showing the external appearance, and (b) is a sectional view taken along line AA in (a). It is a perspective view which expands and shows a principal part. The waveguide switch is shown enlarged from FIG. 1, in which (a) is a side view of the main part, and (b) is a sectional view taken along line AA in (a). (a) is a graph diagram showing the relationship between the frequency used and the amount of adjacent port coupling, and (b) is a graph diagram showing the relationship between the frequency used and the power resistance. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a main part of a waveguide switch according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a main part of a waveguide switch according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention, in which (a) shows one state, and (b) shows a state in which the rotor is rotated 60 degrees from the state in (a). Indicates the condition. A conventional waveguide switch is shown together with FIGS. 8 and 9, where (a) is a front view showing the external appearance, and (b) is a sectional view taken along line AA in (a). (a) is a side view of essential parts, and (b) is a sectional view taken along line AA in (a). (a) is a graph diagram showing the relationship between the frequency used and the amount of adjacent port coupling, and (b) is a graph diagram showing the relationship between the frequency used and the power resistance.

The present invention will be described below based on the illustrated embodiments.

(Embodiment 1)
1 to 4 show a waveguide switch according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 1(a) is a front view showing the external appearance, FIG. 1(b) is a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 1(a), FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the main parts, and FIG. (a) is a side view of the main part, (b) is a sectional view taken along line A-A in (a), FIG. 4(a) is a graph showing the frequency used and the amount of adjacent port coupling, and FIG. 4(b) is used FIG. 3 is a graph diagram showing frequency and power resistance.

Note that the difference between the waveguide switch 1 according to the first embodiment and the conventional waveguide switch 100 shown in FIGS. 7 to 9 described above is the number of choke grooves, and other parts are different. have almost the same configuration.

The waveguide switch 1 has a cylindrical space 12 at the center of a metal rectangular parallelepiped main body 11, and four guides each opening into the inner peripheral surface of this space 12 and four side surfaces of the main body 11. Wave tube connection ports 13, 13, .

A rotor drive unit 2 for rotating the rotor 20 is provided at the top of the main body 11 of the stator 10, and a manual switching knob 3 for manually rotating the rotor 20 is provided at the top of the rotor drive unit 2. is provided.

The waveguide connection port 13 has a vertically elongated substantially rectangular cross-sectional shape, and is connected to various devices (not shown), such as a transceiver and an antenna, a transceiver and a measuring device, and the like.

The rotor 20 is made of metal and has a slightly flat cylindrical overall shape, is rotatably housed in the space 12 of the stator 10, and is adapted to be rotated by the rotor drive unit 2 by a predetermined angle as appropriate. .

Two waveguides 21 and 21 are formed in the rotor 20 and open to the outer circumferential surface 22 of the rotor 20 across the cylinder.These waveguides 21 and 21 are gently bent when viewed from a plane, and the rotor 20 Four openings 23, 23, . It has become.

Further, the waveguide 21 has a vertically elongated substantially rectangular cross-sectional shape, and is formed in the same cross-sectional shape as the waveguide connection port 13 of the stator 10, and as described later, the rotor 20 rotates and guides the waveguide 21. When the opening 23 of the waveguide 21 faces the waveguide connection port 13 of the stator 10, the waveguide 21 and the waveguide connection port 13 communicate with each other.

The distance between the two adjacent openings 23, 23 of the rotor 20 is 3/4 times or more the effective wavelength λ of the transmitted electromagnetic wave, and in the first embodiment, it is formed to have a length approximately equal to λ.

Slit-shaped choke grooves 24, 24, . . . are formed on the outer circumferential surface 22 of the rotor 20, extending parallel to the central axis and having a predetermined depth D in the radial direction.

Three choke grooves 24 are formed between the two adjacent openings 23, and the choke grooves adjacent to the openings 23, 23, respectively, are called end-side choke grooves 24a, 24a, and the two end-side choke grooves 24a, The choke groove formed between 24a is called an intermediate choke groove 24b.

The distance a from the center of the end-side choke groove 24a to the opening edge parallel to the central axis of the opening 23 is set to 1/4 times the effective wavelength λ of the transmitted electromagnetic wave (see FIG. 3).

Therefore, the interval between the two end-side choke grooves 24a and 24a is approximately 1/2 of the effective wavelength λ of the transmitted electromagnetic wave, and the intermediate choke groove 24b is formed between the two end-side choke grooves 24a. The distance b between the end choke grooves 24a and 24a is also approximately 1/4 times the effective wavelength λ of the transmitted electromagnetic wave.

Further, the radial depth D of the choke groove 24 is set to be 1/4 times the effective wavelength λ of the transmitted electromagnetic wave.

By forming both the distance a from the opening 23 and the depth D of the end choke groove 24a to be 1/4 times the effective wavelength λ of the transmitted electromagnetic wave, the gap between the stator 10 and the rotor 20 is increased. leakage of transmitted electromagnetic waves is suppressed.

Furthermore, since the intermediate choke groove 24b is formed between the end chokes 24a and 24a, the distance between the end chokes 24a and 24a is approximately 1/2 of the effective wavelength λ of the transmitted electromagnetic wave. , the occurrence of resonance can be prevented, and the amount of coupling between adjacent ports and power durability can be prevented (see FIGS. 4(a) and 4(b)).

In the waveguide switch 1 according to the first embodiment, by making the distance between the openings 23 of the rotor 20 the same as the effective wavelength λ of the transmitted electromagnetic waves, the two end-side choke grooves The distance between 24a and 24a is approximately 1/2 times the effective wavelength λ of the transmitted electromagnetic waves, but when the distance between the openings 23 of the rotor 20 is set to 3/4 times the effective wavelength λ of the transmitted electromagnetic waves. It was also possible to suppress the occurrence of resonance in almost the same way, and to reduce the deterioration of the amount of coupling between adjacent ports and the power resistance performance.

(Embodiment 2)
The waveguide switch 30 according to this second embodiment will be explained. FIG. 5 is a sectional view of the main part. Note that the waveguide switch 30 according to the second embodiment differs from the waveguide switch 1 according to the above embodiment in that the diameter of the rotor is further increased and the number of choke grooves is increased.

Two waveguides 36, 36 are formed in the rotor 35, and four openings 37, 37, . The distance between two adjacent apertures 37 is approximately 5/4 times the effective wavelength λ of the transmitted electromagnetic wave.

In the stator 31, the space for rotatably supporting the rotor 35 is larger than the space 12 in the first embodiment because the rotor 35 is larger. Waveguide connection ports 32, 32, . . . are formed to face each other.

Four choke grooves 38, 38, . Two intermediate choke grooves 38b, 38b are formed between the choke grooves 38a and 38a.

In this way, four choke grooves 38, 38, . . . are formed where the distance between two adjacent openings 37 is approximately 5/4 times the effective wavelength λ of the transmitted electromagnetic wave. Therefore, the distance between the opening 37 and the end choke groove 38a, the distance between the end choke groove 38a and the intermediate choke groove 38b, and the distance between the intermediate choke groove 38b and the intermediate choke groove 38b are approximately equal to the effective wavelength λ of the transmitted electromagnetic wave. It is formed approximately 1/4 times as large.

Also in the waveguide switch 30 according to the second embodiment, since four choke grooves 38a, 38b, 38b, and 38a are formed between two adjacent openings 37, occurrence of resonance is suppressed. However, deterioration of the amount of adjacent port coupling and deterioration of power durability can be prevented.

(Embodiment 3)
The waveguide switch 40 according to this third embodiment will be explained. FIGS. 6(a) and 6(b) are sectional views of main parts. The difference between the waveguide switch 40 according to the third embodiment and the waveguide switch 1 according to the above embodiment is that the diameter of the rotor is further increased and the number of waveguides formed in the rotor is three. This is an increase.

Three waveguides 46, 46, 46 are formed in the rotor 45, and six openings 47, 47, . The distance between the openings 47 is approximately the same length as the effective wavelength λ of the transmitted electromagnetic waves.

In the stator 41, the space for rotatably supporting the rotor 45 is larger than the space 12 in the first embodiment because the rotor 45 is larger, and the openings 47, 47, . . . As a result, the overall horizontal cross-sectional shape has a hexagonal shape, and waveguide connection ports 42, 42, . . . that communicate with the inner peripheral surface are formed on each side surface.

Three choke grooves 48, 48, . One intermediate choke groove 48b is formed between the end choke grooves 48a and 48a.

Even in the waveguide switch 40 according to the third embodiment, since the three choke grooves 48a, 48b, 48a are formed between the adjacent openings 47, the occurrence of resonance can be suppressed. , it is possible to prevent deterioration of the amount of adjacent port coupling and deterioration of power durability.

Although each embodiment of this invention has been described above, the specific configuration is not limited to each of the above embodiments, and the design may be changed without departing from the gist of this invention. , included in this invention.

1 Waveguide switch 10 Stator 11 Main body 12 Space 13 Waveguide connection port 20 Rotor 21 Waveguide 22 Outer surface 23 Opening 24 Choke groove 24a Choke groove 24b Choke groove 30 Waveguide switch 31 Stator 32 Waveguide connection port 35 Rotor 36 Waveguide 37 Opening 38a Choke groove 38b Choke groove 40 Waveguide switch 41 Stator 42 Waveguide connection port 45 Rotor 46 Waveguide 47 Opening 48a Choke groove 48b Choke groove

Claims (1)

A rotor having a cylindrical shape and having at least two waveguides formed across the cylinder and opening on the outer peripheral surface;
a stator in which a cylindrical space rotatably supports the rotor is formed, and a stator has a waveguide connection port facing and communicating with the opening of the waveguide on the inner peripheral surface of the space;
A waveguide switch in which the opening of the waveguide is switched to face the waveguide connection port of the stator by rotation of the rotor at a predetermined angle,
When the distance between two adjacent openings in the circumferential direction is 3/4 times or more the effective wavelength λ of the transmitted electromagnetic waves, the outer peripheral surface of the rotor has a gap between the stator and the rotor that prevents the transmitted electromagnetic waves from being transmitted. at least three choke grooves for suppressing leakage are formed on the outer circumferential surface between the opening of the rotor and an opening adjacent to the opening at intervals that can prevent the occurrence of resonance;
Among the choke grooves, the choke grooves adjacent to the openings are respectively end-side choke grooves, and the choke groove formed between the two end-side choke grooves is an intermediate choke groove. The distance to the opening edge of the opening is set to 1/4 times the effective wavelength λ of the transmitted electromagnetic wave, and the intermediate choke groove is located between the two end choke grooves at an interval that can prevent the resonance from occurring. is formed,
A waveguide switch characterized by:

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