JP2020141356A - Waveguide switch - Google Patents

Abstract

To prevent the occurrence of resonance, and prevent deterioration of the amount of coupling between adjacent ports and deterioration of the power withstand performance even when the diameter of a rotor becomes large.SOLUTION: A waveguide switch 1 includes a rotor 20 having a columnar shape and having at least two waveguides 21 opened on the outer peripheral surface 22 across a column, and a stator 10 having a cylindrical space 12 rotatably supporting the rotor 20 and having a waveguide connecting port 13 communicating with the inner peripheral surface of the space 12 so as to face an opening 23 of the waveguide 21, in which when the rotor 20 rotates by a predetermined angle, the opening 23 of the waveguide 21 is switched so as to face the waveguide connection port 13 of the stator 10, and on the outer peripheral surface 22 of the rotor 20, at least three choke grooves 24 that suppress leakage of transmitted electromagnetic waves due to a gap between the stator 10 and the rotor 20 are provided on the outer peripheral surface 22 between the opening 23 of the rotor 20 and an opening 23 adjacent to the opening 23.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

In the present invention, a waveguide has been conventionally used to efficiently transmit an electromagnetic wave or the like, and in various devices (transmitter / receiver, antenna, measuring device, etc.) using this waveguide, the transmission path of the electromagnetic wave is switched. Regarding the waveguide switch used.

A rotary type is known as this waveguide switch.

7 to 9 show a rotary type conventional waveguide switch. FIG. 7A is a front view showing the appearance, and FIG. 7B is a sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 7A. FIG. 8A is a side view of the main part, and FIG. 8B is a sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 8A.

The stator 110 of the waveguide switch 100 has a cylindrical space 111 in the center of the main body of a metal rectangular parallelepiped, and four waveguide connections that are opened in the space 111 and the four side surfaces of the main body, respectively. Ports 112, 112, ... Are formed, and a cylindrical rotor 120, which will be described later, is rotatably housed in the space 111 with a slight gap.

A rotor drive unit 101 for rotating the rotor 120 is provided on the upper part of the main body of the stator 110, and a manual switching knob 102 for manually rotating the rotor 120 is provided on the upper part of the rotor drive unit 101. It is provided.

The rotor 120 has a slightly flat cylinder, and two waveguides 121 and 121 that cross the cylinder and open to the outer peripheral surface 122 of the rotor 120 are formed.

The waveguide 121 is gently bent when viewed from a plane, and is opened at a position shifted by approximately 90 degrees from the central angle on the outer peripheral surface 122 of the rotor 120, and the outer peripheral surface 122 has four openings 123, 123, ... Is formed.

The outer peripheral surface 122 of the rotor 120 is formed with slit-shaped choke grooves 124, 124, ... That extend parallel to the central axis and are formed at a predetermined depth in the radial direction (see, for example, Patent Document 1). ).

Two choke grooves 124 are formed between the opening 123 and the opening 123, and the distance from the center of the choke groove 124 to the opening edge parallel to the central axis of the opening 123 is the effective wavelength λ of the transmitted electromagnetic wave. It is formed 1/4 times.

Further, the depth of the choke groove 124 in the radial direction is formed with a dimension that is 1/4 times the effective wavelength λ of the transmitted electromagnetic wave.

By forming the distance and depth of the choke groove 124 from the opening 123 to 1/4 times the effective wavelength λ of the transmitted electromagnetic wave in this way, the transmitted electromagnetic wave due to the gap between the stator 110 and the rotor 120 is generated. Leakage is suppressed.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 57-174903

However, in the conventional waveguide switch 100, the diameter of the rotor 120 may be relatively small, but as the diameter of the rotor 120 increases, the distance between the two choke grooves 124 and 124 increases. It ends up.

That is, since the distance between these two choke grooves 124 and 124 from the opening 123 of the waveguide 121 of the rotor 120 is constant at λ / 4 times, if the diameter of the rotor 120 becomes large, the choke grooves 124 and 124 become The interval between is large.

If the distance between the two choke grooves 124 and 124 becomes large, resonance will occur and the amount of coupling between adjacent ports will deteriorate. In particular, it was found that the deterioration was remarkable in the transmission electromagnetic wave of 8.65 GHz and the transmission electromagnetic wave of 10.30 GHz (see FIG. 9A).

Furthermore, it was also found that the withstand power of the transmitted electromagnetic waves in these frequency bands deteriorates (see FIG. 9B).

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a waveguide switch capable of preventing deterioration of the adjacent port coupling amount due to resonance and also preventing deterioration of power withstand performance even if the diameter of the rotor is increased.

In order to solve the above problems, the invention of claim 1 is a rotor having a columnar shape and having at least two or more waveguides formed on the outer peripheral surface across the columnar structure, and the rotor can be rotated. A cylindrical space to be supported is formed, and a stator having a waveguide connecting port that faces the opening of the waveguide and communicates with the inner peripheral surface of the space is provided, and the rotor is rotated by a predetermined angle. A waveguide switch in which the opening of the waveguide is switched so as to face the waveguide connection port of the stator, and transmission is performed on the outer peripheral surface of the rotor by a gap between the stator and the rotor. It is characterized in that at least three choke grooves for suppressing leakage of electromagnetic waves are formed on the outer peripheral surface between the opening of the rotor and the opening adjacent to the opening.

The invention of claim 2 is the waveguide switch according to claim 1, when the distance between two adjacent openings in the circumferential direction is 3/4 times or more of the effective wavelength λ of the transmitted electromagnetic wave. An adjacent choke groove is formed at a position separated from the opening edge of the opening by 1/4 times the effective wavelength λ of the transmitted electromagnetic wave.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, even if the diameter of the rotor becomes large and the length of the outer peripheral surface in the circumferential direction becomes long, at least three choke grooves are formed, so that the occurrence of resonance can be prevented. Therefore, it is possible to prevent deterioration of the amount of coupling between adjacent ports and deterioration of power withstand performance.

According to the invention of claim 2, when the distance between two adjacent openings in the circumferential direction is 3/4 times or more the effective wavelength λ of the transmitted electromagnetic wave, the choke groove adjacent to the opening is opened. Since it is formed at a position separated from the opening edge of the transmission electromagnetic wave by 1/4 times the effective wavelength λ of the transmitted electromagnetic wave, it is possible to effectively suppress the leakage of the transmitted electromagnetic wave due to the gap between the rotor and the stator and prevent the occurrence of resonance. However, it is possible to prevent deterioration of the coupling amount of the adjacent port and deterioration of the withstand power performance.

The waveguide switch according to the first embodiment of the present invention is shown together with FIGS. 2 to 4, in which FIG. 2A is a front view showing the appearance, and FIG. 4B is a sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the main part enlarged. The waveguide switch is enlarged from FIG. 1, in which FIG. 1A is a side view of a main part and FIG. 1B is a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 1A. (A) is a graph showing the relationship between the operating frequency and the amount of coupling between adjacent ports, and (b) is a graph showing the relationship between the operating frequency and the withstand power. The waveguide switch which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention is shown, and it is sectional drawing of the main part. It is sectional drawing of the main part which shows the waveguide switch which concerns on Embodiment 3 of this invention, (a) shows one state, (b) is rotated 60 degrees from the state of (a). Indicates the state. A conventional waveguide switch is shown together with FIGS. 8 and 9, in which FIG. 8A is a front view showing the appearance, and FIG. 9B is a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 9A. (A) is a side view of a main part, and (b) is a sectional view taken along the line AA in (a). (A) is a graph showing the relationship between the operating frequency and the amount of coupling between adjacent ports, and (b) is a graph showing the relationship between the operating frequency and the withstand power.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on each of the illustrated embodiments.

(Embodiment 1)
1 to 4 show a waveguide switch according to the first embodiment of the present invention. 1 (a) is a front view showing the appearance, (b) is a sectional view taken along the line AA in (a), FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a main part, and FIG. 3 is enlarged from FIG. (A) is a side view of the main part, (b) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in (a), FIG. 4 (a) is a graph showing the frequency used and the amount of coupling between adjacent ports, and FIG. 4 (b) is used. It is a graph which shows the frequency and the withstand power.

The difference between the waveguide switch 1 according to the first embodiment and the conventional waveguide switch 100 shown in FIGS. 7 to 9 described above is the number of choke grooves, and other parts. Has almost the same configuration.

The waveguide switch 1 has a cylindrical space 12 in the center of the main body 11 of a rectangular parallelepiped made of metal, and has four guides that are opened on the inner peripheral surface of the space 12 and the four side surfaces of the main body 11, respectively. Waveguide connection ports 13, 13, ... Are formed, and a cylindrical rotor 20, which will be described later, is rotatably housed in the space 12 through a slight gap.

A rotor drive unit 2 for rotating the rotor 20 is provided above the main body 11 of the stator 10, and a manual switching knob 3 for manually rotating the rotor 20 is provided above the rotor drive unit 2. Is provided.

The waveguide connection port 13 has a substantially rectangular cross-sectional shape, and is connected to various devices (transmitters and antennas, transmitters and receivers and measuring devices, etc.) (not shown).

The rotor 20 is made of metal and has a slightly flat columnar shape as a whole, is rotatably housed in the space 12 of the stator 10, and is appropriately rotated by the rotor drive unit 2 at a predetermined angle. ..

The rotor 20 is formed with two waveguides 21 and 21 that cross the cylinder and open to the outer peripheral surface 22 of the rotor 20. Such waveguides 21 and 21 are gently bent when viewed from a plane, and the rotor 20 The outer peripheral surface 22 is opened at a position deviated by approximately 90 degrees from the central angle, and four openings 23, 23, ... Are formed on the outer peripheral surface 22 so that the waveguides 21 and 21 do not overlap each other. It has become.

Further, the waveguide 21 has a vertically long substantially rectangular cross-sectional shape, is formed in the same shape as the cross-sectional shape of the waveguide connection port 13 of the stator 10, and the rotor 20 rotates to guide the director 10 as described later. When the opening 23 of the waveguide 21 faces the waveguide connection port 13 of the stator 10, the waveguide 21 and the waveguide connection port 13 communicate with each other.

The distance between the two adjacent openings 23, 23 of the rotor 20 is 3/4 times or more the effective wavelength λ of the transmitted electromagnetic wave, and is formed to have substantially the same length as λ in the first embodiment.

Slit-shaped choke grooves 24, 24, ... Extending parallel to the central axis and formed at a predetermined depth D in the radial direction are formed on the outer peripheral surface 22 of the rotor 20.

Three choke grooves 24 are formed between the two adjacent openings 23, and the choke grooves adjacent to the openings 23 and 23 are the end choke grooves 24a and 24a, and the two end choke grooves 24a, respectively. The choke groove formed between the 24a is referred to as an intermediate choke groove 24b.

The distance a from the center of the end-side choke groove 24a to the opening edge parallel to the central axis of the opening 23 is formed to be 1/4 times the effective wavelength λ of the transmitted electromagnetic wave (see FIG. 3).

Therefore, the distance between the two end-side choke grooves 24a and 24a is approximately 1/2 times the effective wavelength λ of the transmitted electromagnetic wave, and the intermediate choke groove 24b is formed in the middle of the effective wavelength λ of the transmitted electromagnetic wave. The distance b between the choke groove 24a and 24a on the end side is also formed to be approximately 1/4 times the effective wavelength λ of the transmitted electromagnetic wave.

Further, the depth D in the radial direction of the choke groove 24 is formed to have a size of 1/4 times the effective wavelength λ of the transmitted electromagnetic wave.

By forming both the distance a and the depth D of the end-side choke groove 24a from the opening 23 at 1/4 times the effective wavelength λ of the transmitted electromagnetic wave, the gap between the stator 10 and the rotor 20 is formed. Leakage of transmitted electromagnetic waves is suppressed.

Further, since the intermediate choke groove 24b is formed between the end chokes 24a and 24a, the distance between the end chokes 24a and 24a is approximately 1/2 times the effective wavelength λ of the transmitted electromagnetic wave. , Resonance can be prevented, the amount of coupling between adjacent ports can be deteriorated, and the withstand power performance can be deteriorated (see FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b)).

In the waveguide switch 1 according to the first embodiment, the distance between the opening 23 and the opening 23 of the rotor 20 is made the same as the effective wavelength λ of the transmitted electromagnetic wave, so that the two end-side choke grooves are formed. The distance between 24a and 24a is almost 1/2 times the effective wavelength λ of the transmitted electromagnetic wave, but when the distance between the opening 23 and the opening 23 of the rotor 20 is 3/4 times the effective wavelength λ of the transmitted electromagnetic wave. In almost the same way, it was possible to suppress the occurrence of resonance, deteriorate the amount of coupling between adjacent ports, and deteriorate the withstand power performance.

(Embodiment 2)
The waveguide switch 30 according to the second embodiment will be described. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a main part. The waveguide switch 30 according to the second embodiment is different from the waveguide switch 1 according to the above embodiment in that the diameter of the rotor is further increased and the choke grooves are increased.

Two waveguides 36, 36 were formed in the rotor 35, and four openings 37, 37, ... Formed on the outer peripheral surfaces of the waveguides 36, 36 were formed, and the diameter of the rotor 35 was increased. The distance between the two adjacent openings 37 and 37 is approximately 5/4 times the effective wavelength λ of the transmitted electromagnetic wave.

The stator 31 is formed so that the space for rotatably supporting the rotor 35 is larger than the space 12 in the first embodiment, and the openings 37, 37, ... Of the rotor 35 are formed. Waveguide connection ports 32, 32, ... Are formed so as to face each other.

Four choke grooves 38, 38, ... Are formed between the adjacent openings 37 and 37 of the rotor 35, and among the four choke grooves, the end side choke grooves 38a, 38a adjacent to the opening and these end sides. Two intermediate choke grooves 38b, 38b are formed between the choke grooves 38a and 38a.

In this way, where the distance between the two adjacent openings 37 and 37 is approximately 5/4 times the effective wavelength λ of the transmitted electromagnetic wave, four choke grooves 38, 38, ... Are formed. Therefore, the distance between the opening 37 and the end choke groove 38a, the distance between the end choke groove 38a and the intermediate choke groove 38b, and the distance between the middle choke groove 38b and the intermediate choke groove 38b are approximately the effective wavelength λ of the transmitted electromagnetic wave. It is formed almost 1/4 times.

Even in the waveguide switch 30 according to the second embodiment, since four choke grooves 38a, 38b, 38b, 38a are formed between the two adjacent openings 37 and 37, the occurrence of resonance is suppressed. However, it is possible to prevent deterioration of the coupling amount of the adjacent port and deterioration of the withstand power performance.

(Embodiment 3)
The waveguide switch 40 according to the third embodiment will be described. 6 (a) and 6 (b) are cross-sectional views of a main part. The difference between the waveguide switch 40 according to the third embodiment and the waveguide switch 1 according to the above embodiment is that the diameter of the rotor is further increased and the number of waveguides formed in the rotor is increased to three. It is an increased point.

Three waveguides 46, 46, 46 are formed in the rotor 45, and six openings 47, 47, ... Formed on the outer peripheral surfaces of the waveguides 46, 46, 46 are formed, and two adjacent waveguides 46, 47, ... Are formed. The distance between the openings 47 and 47 is approximately the same as the effective wavelength λ of the transmitted electromagnetic wave.

The stator 41 is formed so that the space for rotatably supporting the rotor 45 is larger than the space 12 in the first embodiment, and the rotor 45 openings 47, 47, ... Are 6 As a whole, the horizontal cross-sectional shape is hexagonal, and waveguide connection ports 42, 42, ... That communicate with the inner peripheral surface are formed on each side surface.

Three choke grooves 48, 48, ... Are formed between the adjacent openings 47 and 47 of the rotor 45, and among the three choke grooves, the end choke grooves 48a, 48a adjacent to the openings 47, 47 are formed. And one intermediate choke groove 48b between these end-side choke grooves 48a and 48a are formed.

Even in the waveguide switch 40 according to the third embodiment, since the three choke grooves 48a, 48b, and 48a are formed between the adjacent openings 47 and 47, the occurrence of resonance is suppressed. , It is possible to prevent deterioration of the coupling amount of the adjacent port and deterioration of the withstand power performance.

Although each embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the specific configuration is not limited to each of the above embodiments, and even if there is a design change or the like within a range that does not deviate from the gist of the present invention. , Included in this invention.

1 Waveguide switch 10 stator 11 main body 12 space 13 waveguide connection port 20 rotor 21 waveguide 22 outer peripheral surface 23 opening 24 choke groove 24a choke groove 24b choke groove 30 waveguide switch 31 stator 32 waveguide connection port 35 Rotor 36 Waveguide 37 Opening 38a Chalk Groove 38b Choke Groove 40 Waveguide Switch 41 Stator 42 Waveguide Connection Port 45 Rotor 46 Waveguide 47 Opening 48a Chalk Groove 48b Chalk Groove

Claims (2)

A rotor that forms a cylinder and has at least two waveguides that cross the cylinder and open to the outer peripheral surface.
A cylindrical space for rotatably supporting the rotor is formed, and a stator having a waveguide connecting port facing the opening of the waveguide and communicating with the inner peripheral surface of the space is provided.
A waveguide switch in which the opening of the waveguide is switched so as to face the waveguide connection port of the stator by rotating the rotor at a predetermined angle.
On the outer peripheral surface of the rotor, at least a choke groove for suppressing leakage of transmitted electromagnetic waves due to a gap between the stator and the rotor is provided on the outer peripheral surface between the opening of the rotor and an opening adjacent to the opening. Formed three
A waveguide switch characterized by that. When the distance between two adjacent openings in the circumferential direction is 3/4 times or more the effective wavelength λ of the transmitted electromagnetic wave,
A choke groove adjacent to the opening was formed at a position separated from the opening edge of the opening by 1/4 times the effective wavelength λ of the transmitted electromagnetic wave.
The waveguide switch according to claim 1.

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