JP7319346B2 - Open shield machine and open shield construction method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an open shield machine and an open shield construction method.

The open shield construction method is a highly rational construction method that makes use of the advantages of the open cut construction method and the shield construction method, and its outline is shown in FIGS.

25 and 26, the shield machine 1 is an open shield machine which has left and right side wall plates 1a and a bottom plate 1b connected to the side wall plates 1a and has an open front, rear and top surfaces.

The open shield machine 1 has a cutting edge 2 formed at the tip of the side wall plate 1a and the bottom plate 1b, and a driving jack 3 arranged vertically facing rearward at the center or near the rear end of the side wall plate 1a.

The body of the open shield machine 1 is divided in the longitudinal direction into a front machine 22 and a tail machine 23, and the front end of the tail machine 23 is fitted into the rear end of the front machine 22 to form a bent part at the mutual fitting part. and bendable. A folding jack 23a is provided at this folding portion.

The front machine 22 mainly serves as an excavation part, and the tail machine 23 arranges the propulsion jacks 3 and serves as a tail part 23a as a suspended installation part of the concrete box.

In the figure, 17 is a slide jack for a slide retaining plate provided at the front end of the front machine 22, and 30 is a pressing angle (press bar) using H-shaped steel material or the like. 27 is an earth retaining plate when the box body 4 is pulled out from the tail machine 23 as the open shield machine 1 excavates, and the upper part of the box body 4 is backfilled inside.

As shown in Fig. 27, the outline of the process of the open shield construction method is as follows. First, the open shield machine is assembled at a predetermined position in the starting vertical shaft 8. After assembly, the propelling jack 3 of the open shield machine 1 is extended. The reaction force is applied to the reaction wall 9 in the starting shaft to advance the open shield machine 1, the first concrete box 4 forming the underground structure is suspended from above, and the tail of the open shield machine 1 is lifted. It is set behind the retracted propulsion jack 3 in the portion 23a.

Boxes 4 sequentially laid in starting shaft 8 are propelled forward by open shield machine 1, and after coming out of starting shaft 8, they are propelled to a predetermined distance, and the propulsive force of the open shield machine is the reaction force in starting shaft 8. It is a box that is temporarily laid as a reaction force transmission material until it is no longer transmitted to the wall 9, and is removed when the thrust reaction force is no longer transmitted to the reaction force wall 9.

In addition, the starting shaft 8 is composed of a retaining wall, and in order to start the open shield machine 1, a part of the retaining wall on the front side is cut off. Improvement 11 may be applied.

Next, after cutting a part of the earth retaining wall in front of the starting shaft 8, as shown in FIG. do.

Simultaneously with or after this earth discharging process, the propelling jack 3 is extended to move the open shield machine 1 forward. In the case of this advance process, a press bar (push angle) 30 (see FIGS. 25 and 26) made of a frame made of box steel or shaped steel is installed in front of the concrete box 4 .

After the open shield machine 1 advances forward by the length of one box, the second concrete box 4 is placed in front of the first concrete box 4 as shown in FIG. It is suspended and set in the tail part of the open shield machine 1 by .

Thereafter, the same excavation/soil removal process, advance process, and setting process of the concrete box 4 are repeated as appropriate, and the concrete boxes 4 are successively left in the ground in a column as the open shield machine 1 advances, as shown in FIG. As shown, backfilling 5 is applied to the upper surface of this concrete box 4, and pavement 12 is applied to the surface.

In addition, in the setting process of the concrete box 4, after setting the concrete box 4 in the tail machine, the backfilling injection material 35 is injected into the ground as a primary injection along with the excavation/discharging process and the forward process of the open shield machine 1. The generated gap is filled with a backfilling injection material 35 as a secondary injection.

As described above, when the open shield machine 1 reaches the arrival pit 13, it is removed to complete the construction work.

The concrete box 4 is made of reinforced concrete, and as shown in FIG. 32, is integrally formed of a left side plate 4a, a right side plate 4b, an upper floor plate 4c and a lower floor plate 4d. There is. The front and rear surfaces are open as openings.

The above prior art is common practice among those skilled in the art and does not relate to inventions known in the literature.

As shown in FIGS. 33 to 36 and 37, the open shield construction method is often applied not only to soft and viscous ground and sandy ground, but also to gravel ground containing cobbles 55 in the ground.

In particular, when a large boulder hits the excavation cross-section of the open shield machine 1 in a gravel ground mixed with boulders, the shield machine 1 must excavate the ground including the boulders and remove the boulders while excavating. , the side of the open shield machine 1 must be excavated extensively.

For this reason, when the open shield machine 1 excavates after removing the boulder, the upper portion of the boulder-removed portion becomes an over-excavated gap, and there is a risk that the ground will collapse.

Also, in the case of repair work of rivers and waterways, for example, as shown in FIG. The removal of the river bed makes the river side part of the river structure unstable, and the river side part and the ground behind the river become loosened and deformed.

For this reason, in any of the above cases, earth, sand, etc. is put into the side of the open shield machine from above by a backhoe and the filling work is carried out. In addition, the backfilling earth and sand loaded in the bucket cannot be efficiently thrown into the gaps, and the backfilling earth and sand are scattered around.

Furthermore, there is concern about the influence of loosening of the ground due to the time lag until filling the voids. In addition, it is inefficient and uneconomical because manual assistance is required to throw in the scattered backfilling earth and sand.

It is an object of the present invention to eliminate the above-mentioned inconveniences, to stably propel the open shield machine by throwing backfilling earth and sand into the side of the open shield machine, and to efficiently put the backfilling earth and sand into the backfilling location. To provide an open shield machine and an open shield construction method capable of

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an open shield machine, firstly, in which a propulsion jack is disposed inside left and right side wall plates and is buried in the left and right side wall plates of an open shield machine having openings at the front, rear and top surfaces. The gist of the present invention is that a chute member for return is provided, or the chute member for backfilling is arranged opposite to the left and right side wall plates.

Secondly, the chute member for backfilling is a slanted plate that slopes toward the outside of the open shield machine. Thirdly, the fuselage is divided in the longitudinal direction into a front machine and a tail machine, and the tail machine is placed at the rear end of the front machine. A chute member for backfilling is fixed by bolts or welding through a support frame to the top of the side of the front machine of the open shield machine that is bendable by forming a bent part at the mutual fitting part by inserting the front end. Fourthly, the inclined plate is provided detachably by a clamp on a support wall erected on the side top of the front machine of the open shield machine. The gist of the present invention is that the member is a hopper, and sixthly, that the lower end of the inclined plate is fixed with a hinge structure so that the angle of inclination can be adjusted.

As an open shield construction method, there are a process of excavating and removing earth and sand in front of the front or top opening, a process of extending the propulsion jack and using the reaction force of the concrete box to move the shield machine forward, and a process in the tail part of the shield machine. Left and right side wall plates in the open shield construction method in which concrete boxes are sequentially buried in series by repeating the installation process of lowering a newly laid concrete box to the rear of the contracted propulsion jack and joining it to the existing laid concrete box as appropriate. A propelling jack is arranged inside the machine, and chute members for backfilling are provided on the left and right side wall plates of the open shield machine with openings at the front, rear and top, or chute members for backfilling are arranged opposite to the left and right side wall plates. 3. The gist of the invention is that the backfilling earth and sand are put into the backfilling chute member to fill the gaps in the natural ground generated on the side of the open shield machine.

According to the present invention of claims 1 and 7, since backfilling is performed by the backfilling chute member at the side portion of the open shield machine that needs to be backfilled, earth and sand are not scattered around, and the backfilling is performed. The return location can be efficiently backfilled.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the chute member for backfilling is formed by a sloped plate that slopes toward the outside of the open shield machine, the earth and sand to be thrown in slides down the sloped plate and is efficiently backfilled in the place to be backfilled.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, since the chute member for backfilling is fixed to the top of the side of the front machine of the open shield machine by bolts or welding, the bucket of the heavy backfilling machine will not be affected by the impact caused by the injection of earth and sand. It will not tip over when touched.

In addition, bolts are detachable, and if the chute member for backfilling temporarily interferes with excavation by an open shield machine, the chute member for backfilling is temporarily removed and then fixed again. backfilling can be resumed.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the backfilling chute member is easily attached and detached because the inclined plate is detachably attached to the support wall erected on the side top of the front machine of the open shield machine by means of a clamp. If there is no backfilling work on the side of the open shield machine or if it interferes with the excavation of the open shield machine, temporarily remove it, and when the trouble disappears, it can be installed again immediately. It is possible.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the inclined plate is a component of the hopper, and the backfilling chute member is the hopper. It is economical because a hopper can be used.

According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the lower end of the inclined plate is fixed with a hinge structure, and the inclination angle is adjustable. Since it can be fixed with a rope-like member, it is possible to prevent backfilling earth and sand from scattering into the gap on the side of the open shield machine. In addition, if it is set vertically, it can be installed without protruding to the side of the open shield machine and does not interfere with the excavation of the open shield machine.

As described above, the open shield machine and the open shield construction method of the present invention can stably propel the open shield machine by filling the side of the open shield machine with backfilling earth and sand, and at the same time, the backfilling earth and sand can be stably propelled. It can be efficiently put into the backfilling place.

It is a top view showing one embodiment of the open shield construction method of the present invention. It is a longitudinal side view showing one embodiment of the open shield construction method of the present invention. It is a side view which shows 1st Embodiment of the open shield machine of this invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a longitudinal plane view which shows 1st Embodiment of the open shield machine of this invention. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 4; FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. 4; FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a second embodiment of the open shield machine of the present invention; FIG. 8 is a view taken along the line AA in FIG. 7; FIG. 9 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 8; It is a top view which shows 2nd Embodiment of the open shield machine of this invention, and an open shield construction method. FIG. 11 is a view taken along line AA of FIG. 10; It is a top view which shows 3rd Embodiment of the open shield machine of this invention, and an open shield construction method. FIG. 11 is a view taken along line AA of FIG. 10; FIG. 14 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 13; It is a top view which shows 4th Embodiment of the open shield machine of this invention, and an open shield construction method. FIG. 16 is a view taken along line AA of FIG. 15; FIG. 17 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 16; It is a top view which shows 5th Embodiment of the open shield machine of this invention, and an open shield construction method. FIG. 19 is a view taken along line AA of FIG. 18; It is a top view which shows 6th Embodiment of the open shield machine of this invention, and an open shield construction method. FIG. 21 is a view taken along the line AA of FIG. 20; It is a top view which shows the outline|summary of an open shield construction method. It is a vertical side view which shows the outline|summary of an open shield construction method. This is a vertical cross-sectional side view showing the outline of the open shield construction method when the box is installed. It is a top view of an open shield machine. It is a longitudinal side view of an open shield machine. It is a side view which shows the 1st process of an open shield construction method. It is a side view which shows the 2nd process of an open shield construction method. It is a side view which shows the 3rd process of an open shield construction method. It is a side view which shows the 4th process of an open shield construction method. It is a perspective view which shows the construction situation of an open shield construction method. It is a box figure used for an open shield construction method. It is a side view which shows the backfilling condition of the space|gap which generate|occur|produced in the open shield machine side ground by the open shield construction method. It is a top view which shows the backfilling condition of the void which generate|occur|produced in the open shield machine side ground by the open shield construction method. FIG. 35 is a view taken along the line AA of FIG. 34; FIG. 35 is a view taken along line BB of FIG. 34; It is a vertical front view showing the state of voids generated in the ground on the side of the open shield machine. It is a longitudinal front view showing the current state of construction using an open shield machine in the repair of an existing waterway.

Embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an embodiment of the open shield construction method of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional side view of the same. It is.

In the figure, 1 is an open shield machine 1 which, as explained with reference to FIGS. The fuselage is divided into a plurality of sections in the front-rear direction, and the front end of the tail section 23 is fitted into the rear end of the front section 22, and a bent portion 56 is formed at the mutual fitting portion so as to be bendable.

The ends of the side wall plate 1a and the bottom plate 1b of the front machine 22 are formed as the cutting edges 2, and the propulsion jacks 3 are directed rearward toward the center-folded portion 56 of the tail machine 23. arranged.

The front machine 22 is mainly used for excavation, and has an open front end and an upper surface. Inside the machine body, the folding jacks 24 are directed rearward and left and right, and are arranged in a plurality of upper and lower stages.

In the open shield construction method using the open shield machine 1, although not shown, the open shield machine 1 is installed in the starting hole, and the propulsion jack 3 of the shield machine 1 is extended to absorb the reaction force in the starting hole. The shield machine 1 is moved forward with reaction force on the wall, the first concrete box 4 forming the underground structure is suspended from above, and behind the propulsion jack 3 contracted in the tail part of the shield machine 1. set.

An excavator such as a shovel excavates earth and sand from the front or upper surface of the open shield machine 1 and discharges it. Simultaneously with or after this earth discharging process, the propelling jack 3 is extended to advance the open shield machine 1. - 特許庁

Then, in front of the first concrete box 4, the second concrete box 4 is lowered into the tail portion 23a of the shield machine 1. As shown in FIG. Thereafter, the same earth-discharging process, forwarding process, and setting process of the concrete box 4 are repeated as appropriate, and the concrete boxes 4 are sequentially left in the ground in series as the open shield machine 1 advances, and the open shield machine 1 moves forward. Backfill soil is put on the upper surface of the concrete box 4 in the retaining plate 27 behind the tail part 23a.

The outline of the steps of the open shield construction method has been outlined above with reference to FIGS.

In this way, when the open shield machine 1 reaches the arrival pit, it is removed to complete the construction work.

In the present invention, the left and right side wall plates 1a of the open shield machine 1 are provided with chute members 43 for backfilling. As shown in FIG. 5, the backfilling chute member 43 is formed by an inclined plate 43a made of a steel plate that is inclined toward the outside of the open shield machine 1. As shown in FIG.

The inclined plate 43a may be made of a plate material and may be of a hopper type by enclosing it in a U-shape in the vertical direction.

As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the inclined plate 43a is fixed to the top of the open shield machine 1 on the side of the front machine 22 via a steel angle support frame 45 by bolts or welding. FIG. 9 shows an example using bolts, and FIG. 11 shows an example using welding.

12 to 14 show the case where the inclined plate 43a is detachably attached to the support wall 46 erected on the side top of the front machine 22 of the open shield machine 1 by the clamp 47, and the backfilling chute member 43 is attached to the support wall. 46 is attached with a clamp 47, it is easy to attach and detach. It is possible to remove it temporarily leaving only 46, and to attach it again immediately when the trouble disappears.

According to the present invention, a backfilling chute member 43 is provided in a gap in the ground on the side of the open shield machine 1 or in a place where backfilling is required, and the process of excavating and discharging earth and sand in front of the front or top opening. Then, the propulsion jack is extended and the concrete box is used as a reaction force to move the shield machine forward, and a new concrete box is lowered behind the propulsion jack that has been contracted in the tail part of the shield machine to lay the existing structure. In the open shield construction method in which the concrete boxes are sequentially buried in series by repeating the installation process of joining to the concrete box as appropriate, the backfilling earth and sand loaded in the bucket of the excavator 6 is buried from directly above the backfilling chute member 43. Since the earth and sand thrown into the chute member 43 are dropped into the gap along the inclined plate 43a installed in the chute member 43, the earth and sand are dropped into the space inside and around the open shield machine 1. Backfilling can be done without scattering.

By providing the backfilling chute member 43 at the top of the open shield machine 1 on the side of the front machine 22 , it is possible to preferentially backfill the gap generated at the cutting edge of the open shield machine 1 .

15 to 17 show the case where the tilt angle of the inclined plate 43a can be adjusted. It is fixed with a number structure.

Further, if the upper end of the inclined plate 43a is connected with a cable 50 such as a wire or a chain so that the length thereof can be adjusted, the angle of the inclined plate 43a can be changed by changing the length of the cable 50 .

Since the inclination angle of the inclined plate 43a can be adjusted in this way, when the width of the space to be backfilled is large, the inclined plate 43a can be made substantially vertical so that the backfilling earth and sand do not scatter toward the open shield machine 1 side. .

Moreover, when the width of the gap is narrow, the inclined plate 43a may be fixed so as to have a large inclination angle with respect to the vertical.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 18 and 19, the backfilling chute members 43 may be arranged to face the left and right side wall plates 1a of the open shield machine 1. FIG.

In this case, the backfilling chute members 43 are placed directly on the side rocks of the left and right side wall plates 1a of the open shield machine 1, and are arranged singly or at least two or more in line according to the length in the longitudinal direction of the backfilling gap. .

In particular, as shown in Fig. 38, when the gap to be refilled is long in an existing waterway repair site, etc., and when a backhoe for refilling can be arranged on the side of the refilling site, the refilling work can be performed quickly.

Further, in the case of such construction conditions, if the backfilling is not quickly and sufficiently performed, the backfilling material is buried by the secondary injection of the backfilling material that is performed as the open shield machine 1 excavates. There is a risk that it will flow forward along the interface between the return soil and the existing river side.

In particular, when the river is curved, the open shield machine 1 performs curved excavation, so it is necessary to bend the bent portion 56 of the open shield machine 1, so the backfill injection material flows into the bent portion 56. If it hardens, there is a risk that the bent part 56 will not function.

Although the sloping plate 43a may be surrounded by plate materials in a U-shape in the vertical direction to form a hopper, as shown in FIGS. is also possible.

The general-purpose concrete hopper 52 has an inclined plate 43a.

A general-purpose concrete hopper 52 is attached to the side top of the front machine 22 of the open shield machine 1 via a support frame or the like by bolts or welding. The size can be adjusted with the handle.

Therefore, since the amount of earth and sand to be put into the void of the backfilling portion can be adjusted while being thrown in, the backfilling soil can be efficiently backfilled without scattering around when the width of the void is narrow.

In the above embodiments, depending on the width and length of the gaps in the natural ground generated on the side of the open shield machine and the conditions of the gaps, two or more of them can be used in combination for backfilling. .

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Open shield machine 1a... Side wall plate 1b... Bottom plate 2... Cutting edge 3... Promotion jack (shield jack)
4 Concrete box 4a Left side plate 4b Right side plate 4c Upper floor plate 4d Lower floor plate 5 Backfilling 6 Excavator 7 Dump truck for carrying out surplus soil 8 Starting shaft 9 Reaction wall 10 For backfilling Backhoe 11 Ground improvement 12 Pavement 13 Reach pit 14 PC steel rod 15 PC steel wire 16 Movable split cutting edge 17 Slide jack 22 Front machine 23 Tail machine 23a Tail part 24 Folding jack 25 Backfill injection plant 26 Grout pipe 27 Earth retaining plate 29 Bulkhead 30 Press bar (push angle) 31 Lifting machine 34 Grout hole 35 Backfill injection material 38 Traction jack 39 Covering plate 40 Backfill Dump truck for use 41 Excavator bucket 42 Open shield machine side ground gap generation location 43 Backfilling chute member 43a Sloping plate 44 Bolt 45 Support frame 46 Support wall 47 Clamp 49 Strut 50 ... Rope 52 ... General-purpose concrete hopper 54 ... Existing masonry open channel 55 ... Cobblestone 56 ... Broken part

Claims (7)

A backfilling chute member is provided on the left and right side wall plates of an open shield machine in which a propelling jack is arranged inside the left and right side wall plates, and the front, rear, and top surfaces are open, or backfilling chute members are provided on the left and right side wall plates. An open shield machine characterized by facing each other. 2. The open shield machine according to claim 1, wherein the backfilling chute member is a slanted plate that is slanted toward the outside of the open shield machine. The front of an open shield machine that divides the fuselage into a front machine and a tail machine in the longitudinal direction, and the front end of the tail machine is inserted into the rear end of the front machine, forming a bent part at the mutual fitting part to form a bendable front. 3. An open shield machine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the chute member for backfilling is fixed to the side top portion of the machine through a support frame by means of bolts or welding. 4. An open shield machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the inclined plate is detachably mounted by a clamp on a support wall erected on the side top of the front machine of the open shield machine. 5. The open shield machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the inclined plate is a component of the hopper, and the chute member for backfilling is the hopper. 5. The open shield machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the inclined plate is fixed at its lower end with a hinge structure so that the angle of inclination can be adjusted. The process of excavating and removing the earth and sand in front of the front or top opening, the process of extending the propulsion jack and using the reaction force of the concrete box to advance the shield machine, and the rear of the propulsion jack contracted in the tail part of the shield machine. In the open shield construction method in which concrete boxes are sequentially buried in series by repeating the installation process of lowering a newly laid concrete box and joining it to the existing laid concrete box as appropriate,
A backfilling chute member is provided on the left and right side wall plates of an open shield machine in which a propelling jack is arranged inside the left and right side wall plates, and the front, rear, and top surfaces are open, or backfilling chute members are provided on the left and right side wall plates. An open shield construction method characterized by arranging oppositely and charging backfilling earth and sand into the backfilling chute member to fill the gaps in the natural ground generated on the side of the open shield machine.

Images