JP7300350B2 - Atrium structure of the building - Google Patents

Description

The present disclosure relates to a building atrium structure.

BACKGROUND ART Conventionally, various buildings are known as buildings having an atrium structure. Patent Literature 1 describes a condominium as a collective housing structure having an atrium. The condominium has two atriums, and each atrium has an atrium space that vertically penetrates the condominium. An outer corridor is provided between the two atriums.

The atrium space is partitioned by vertically extending partition walls, and is formed into a rectangular tubular shape by the partition walls. The partition wall is provided with a window that allows lighting and ventilation. This condominium has a rectangular shape in plan view, and the positions of the two atrium sections in the longitudinal direction and the lateral direction of the condominium are shifted from each other.

That is, in plan view, the two blow-through portions are arranged at positions offset from each other. In this way, in the above condominium, the positions of the two atriums in the plan view are offset, so that the exterior corridor is shortened and the scenery from the exterior corridor is changed to improve the sense of luxury. I am planning.

JP-A-8-28071

The aforementioned condominium has two atriums, and each atrium vertically penetrates all the floors of the condominium. By the way, in general, when an atrium passes through all the floors of a building, it is necessary to prevent the smoke generated in the event of a fire from traveling through the atrium and entering the rooms of the building. Perimeter fire doors, fire shutters and smoke barriers may be required.

However, when many fire doors and fire shutters are installed in a building, they may rather become obstacles for evacuation and hinder the safe evacuation of residents. In addition, the smoke-proof hanging wall is a wall that extends vertically downward from the perimeter of the atrium to prevent smoke. can occur. Therefore, it is required to rationally reduce the number of fire doors, fire shutters and smoke barriers installed in the building, and to arrange them rationally so as not to hinder the safe evacuation of users.

The present disclosure reasonably reduces the number of fire doors, fire shutters, and smoke-proof hanging walls placed in the building, and makes it possible to rationally arrange the building so as not to hinder the safe evacuation of users. An object is to provide an atrium structure.

A building atrium structure according to one aspect of the present disclosure is a building atrium structure having three or more floors arranged in a vertical direction, including an evacuation floor of the building and a second floor formed over the two floors of the building. A first atrium area and a second atrium area formed over three or more layers of a building are provided.

This building atrium structure includes a first atrium area including an evacuation floor and formed over two layers of the building, and a second atrium area formed over three or more layers of the building. By providing the second atrium area formed over three or more layers of the building, it is possible to improve visibility inside the building. In addition, in the first atrium area that includes the evacuation floor and is formed over two floors of the building, the evacuation route to the evacuation floor is shorter than the second atrium area with three or more layers, so Disposed fire doors, fire shutters and smoke barriers can be dispensed with. Therefore, the number of fire doors, fire shutters, and smoke-proof hanging walls to be arranged inside the building can be rationally reduced, and they can be arranged rationally to the extent that they do not impede the safe evacuation of users. As a result, it is possible to improve the evacuation safety of the building and improve the visibility inside the building.

A building atrium structure according to another aspect of the present disclosure is a building atrium structure with three or more floors arranged vertically, including an evacuation floor of the building and formed over two floors of the building. A first atrium area and a second atrium area formed over two or more layers of the building on floors other than the evacuation floor are provided.

This building atrium structure includes a first atrium area including an evacuation floor and formed over two layers of the building, and a second atrium area formed over two or more layers of the building on floors other than the evacuation floor. By arranging a plurality of atrium areas of different types, the interior space of the building can be made rich in variety. In addition, as in the atrium structure described above, the fire doors, fire shutters, and smoke-proof hanging walls placed around the first atrium area can be eliminated. The number of chimney walls can be rationally reduced, and they can be arranged rationally to the extent that they do not impede the safe evacuation of users.

The atrium structure of the building described above may at least partially include a region in which the first atrium areas and the second atrium areas are alternately arranged. In this area, as with the atrium structure described above, the number of fire doors, fire shutters, and smoke-proof hanging walls can be rationally reduced by arranging the first atrium area, and it is rational enough not to hinder the safe evacuation of users. In addition, by alternately arranging a plurality of types of atrium areas, the interior space of the building can be made rich in variety.

The building may have at least one or more floors where the first atrium area and the second atrium area coexist. In this case, visibility in the building can be improved as in the case of the atrium structure described above.

The building may be a mall-type commercial facility in which three or more layers having mall passages are provided.

According to the present disclosure, it is possible to rationally reduce the number of fire doors, fire shutters, and smoke-proof hanging walls placed in a building, and to rationalize the arrangement so as not to hinder the safe evacuation of users. .

FIG. 1(a) is a schematic plan view of a building having only a second atrium area. FIG. 1(b) is a schematic plan view of a building having a first atrium area and a second atrium area according to the embodiment. FIG. 1(c) is a schematic cross-sectional view of a building having a first atrium area and a second atrium area according to the embodiment. FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an example when the interior of the building of FIGS. 1(b) and 1(c) is viewed obliquely upward. FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining variations of the first atrium area and the second atrium area according to the embodiment. 4(a), 4(b), 4(c), 4(d), 4(e) and 4(f) show the first atrium area and the second atrium area according to the embodiment. 1 is a diagram schematically showing an example of the arrangement of . FIG. 5(a) is a plan view schematically showing a building according to a modification. FIG. 5(b) is a sectional view showing the first atrium area and the second atrium area of the building in FIG. 5(a).

Hereinafter, embodiments of a building atrium structure according to the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings. In the description of the drawings, the same or corresponding elements are denoted by the same reference numerals, and duplicate descriptions are omitted as appropriate. In addition, the drawings may be partially simplified or exaggerated for easy understanding, and the dimensional ratios and the like are not limited to those described in the drawings.

In the present disclosure, the building has three or more floors arranged vertically. In this disclosure, "floor" refers to each floor in a multi-story building. "Three or more floors" indicates that there are three or more floors arranged in the vertical direction, for example, a building with the first, second and third floors, and the first basement floor and the first floor and buildings with two floors.

In the present disclosure, the building comprises an atrium structure. "Atrium structure" indicates the structure of a building with an atrium, and "atrium" indicates a space that connects the upper floor and the lower floor by vertically penetrating the floor of the upper floor. . The "atrium area" indicates an area including an atrium vertically penetrating the floor and a floor surrounding the atrium, for example, an area including the atrium and a corridor surrounding the atrium.

FIG. 1(a) is a schematic plan view of a conventional building, and FIG. 1(b) is a schematic plan view of a building S according to the present embodiment. FIG.1(c) is a figure which shows typically the vertical cross section of the building S which concerns on this embodiment. As shown in FIGS. 1(a), 1(b), and 1(c), the building S is, for example, a three-story mall-type commercial facility comprising a plurality of stores T. As an example, a mall A shopping mall (also called a shopping center) with aisles. That is, the building S is a mall-type commercial facility in which three layers having mall passages are provided. In the present disclosure, "mall passage" refers to a passage for users of a shopping mall to walk in a building. Includes aisles.

For example, FIG. 1(b) shows the plan of the second floor of the building S according to this embodiment. The plane of the first floor of the building S and the plane of the third floor of the building S may have the same layout as the plane of the second floor of the building S, or may have a different layout from the plane of the second floor. good. For example, in building S, the first floor is the evacuation floor. The "evacuation floor" indicates a floor with a doorway leading directly to the ground, and is generally the first floor in many cases. However, if there is a height difference between the lower part of the building and the ground, or if the building exists on a slope, a floor other than the first floor (for example, the first basement floor or the second floor) may serve as an evacuation floor.

Planar view WHEREIN: The building S is extended along the longitudinal direction D2, for example. The building S has, for example, a passage R1 extending in the longitudinal direction D2 and a passage R2 intersecting the passage R1 and extending in the width direction D3 of the building S. A plurality of stores T face the passage R1, and when the stores T are opened, the inside of each store T can be entered from the passage R1. Further, when the store T is closed, for example, the shutter closes the store T so that the inside of the store T cannot be entered.

A plurality of first atrium areas 2 and a plurality of second atrium areas 3, which will be described later, are arranged in the passage R1. The first atrium area 2 and the second atrium area 3 are arranged side by side along the longitudinal direction D2, for example. In a plan view, for example, the first atrium area 2 and the second atrium area 3 are arranged so as not to overlap each other.

The first atrium area 2 and the second atrium area 3 both have an atrium H, which is a through hole penetrating the floor F of the building S, and a corridor W formed by the floor F around the atrium H. The shape of the atrium H may be oval or polygonal, and can be changed as appropriate. Also, one of the plurality of atriums H may be provided with stairs or an escalator. In this case, the space of the atrium H can be effectively utilized as an area for arranging stairs or escalators.

The first atrium area 2 and the second atrium area 3 are arranged alternately along the passage R1, for example. The first atrium area 2 includes the first floor (evacuation floor) of the building S and is formed over the first and second floors of the building S. The first atrium area 2 includes, for example, only two floors, the first floor and the second floor, and does not include the third floor.

As shown in FIGS. 1(b) and 1(c), the second atrium area 3 includes the second atrium area 3b formed over the first to third floors of the building S, the second floor of the building S and the and a second atrium area 3c formed over three floors. The second atrium area 3b includes all floors in the three-story building S, and the second atrium area 3c includes only the second and third floors of the building S and does not include the first floor. For example, the first atrium area 2 including the first and second floors is sandwiched between the second atrium area 3b including the first to third floors and the second atrium area 3c including the second and third floors. there is

For example, as shown in FIGS. 1(c) and 2, when the first atrium area 2 is viewed obliquely upward from the first floor of the building S (1 When the upper floor is viewed from the upper floor), the second atrium area 3c can be seen behind the first atrium area 2 and the second and third floors can be seen from the first floor.

Improving the visibility of other floors in the building from the atrium is effective in increasing the willingness to buy, because it leads to more shops being visible to users of the shopping mall. In addition, improved visibility also contributes to enhancing the sense of openness felt by users. In the building S, the first atrium area 2 and the second atrium area 3c are arranged obliquely with respect to the vertical direction D1, thereby forming an oblique atrium and enhancing a sense of openness. outlook is also improving.

As shown in FIGS. 1(b) and 1(c), the second atrium area 3b formed over three or more layers and the second atrium area 3c formed over the second and third floors are the first Compared to the atrium area 2, especially when the second atrium areas 3b and 3c are formed penetrating through more floors, fire smoke is likely to fill in the event of a fire, and the evacuation route to the evacuation floor becomes longer. Therefore, a fire door 11, a fire shutter 12, and a smoke-proof hanging wall 13 are required. On the other hand, the first atrium area 2 has a shorter evacuation route to the evacuation floor than the second atrium areas 3b and 3c. do not.

The fire door 11 and the fire shutter 12 are arranged, for example, at a position facing the second atrium area 3 of the store T, and the smoke-proof hanging wall 13 extends vertically downward from the atrium H of the second atrium area 3 . The first atrium area 2 does not have, for example, any of the fire doors 11, the fire shutters 12, and the smoke-proof hanging walls 13.

The fire door 11 and the fire shutter 12 are provided, for example, in front of each store T facing the second atrium area 3 (the portion facing the passage R1). The fire doors 11 and the fire shutters 12 are provided to separate the store T from the second atrium area 3 filled with rising fire smoke, and to increase the safety of evacuation for users. The smoke-proof hanging wall 13 extends vertically downward from the edge of the atrium H, for example, and is provided to prevent smoke from being transmitted from the atrium H to the outside of the atrium H.

The first atrium area 2 is an area that is easier to evacuate than the second atrium area 3 because it includes an evacuation floor and only two floors. In addition, since the first atrium area 2 does not have the fire doors 11 and the fire shutters 12, in the event of a fire, an evacuation route E1 from the store T to the first atrium area 2 and the opposite side of the first atrium area 2 from the store T It is possible to secure an evacuation route E2 to the side (outside of building S).

An evacuation route E3 from the store T to the opposite side of the second atrium area 3 can be secured. However, the evacuation route E4 from the store T to the second atrium area 3 is likely to be filled with smoke, is far from the evacuation floor, and is equipped with fire doors 11 and fire shutters 12, so it may be difficult to secure it. be.

If it is difficult to secure the evacuation route E4, it is preferable to secure the evacuation route E5 from the store T facing the second atrium area 3 to the first atrium area 2 from the viewpoint of ease of evacuation. In this way, the building S according to this embodiment includes at least the evacuation route E1, the evacuation route E2, the evacuation route E3, and the evacuation route E5, making it possible to diversify the evacuation routes.

By the way, from the viewpoint of the usability of the store T in the building S, the viewpoint of evacuation safety, and the viewpoint of the view of the interior space of the building S and ensuring a sense of openness, the number of fire doors 11, fire shutters 12, and smoke prevention hanging walls 13 is Less is better. Specifically, the fire door 11 limits the opening frontage of the store T, which may affect usability. The smoke barrier 13 can lead to reduced visibility to other floors. Therefore, as shown in the conventional example of FIG. 1(a), in a building S having only the second atrium area 3, the number of fire doors 11, fire shutters 12, and smoke-proof hanging walls 13 increases. There is room for improvement in each aspect.

On the other hand, in the atrium structure 1 of the building S according to the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. By rationally reducing the number of 12 and smokeproof hanging walls 13, it is possible to improve usability of the building S, improve evacuation safety, and improve visibility. In addition, by providing a plurality of types of atrium areas such as the first atrium area 2, the second atrium area 3b and the second atrium area 3c, it is possible to produce a feeling of openness and to make the interior space rich in variety.

As described above, the three-story building S has a first atrium area 2 including the first and second floors, a second atrium area 3b including the first to third floors, and a second atrium area including the second and third floors. and an atrium area 3c. As shown in FIG. 3, the first atrium area 2 including the evacuation floor and formed over the two floors of the building has only two patterns in any number of floors of the building. On the other hand, the second atrium area 3b and the second atrium area 3c have various patterns depending on the number of floors of the building and the structure of the building. Examples of patterns of the first atrium area 2, the second atrium area 3b, and the second atrium area 3c will be described below with reference to FIG. In addition, in FIG. 3, the evacuation floor is shown as "X floor."

The first atrium area 2 is
It includes a 2-story first atrium area 2 (1-A) including floors X and X-1, and a 2-story first atrium area 2 (1-B) including floors X+1 and X.
The second atrium area 3d formed over three or more layers is
3-story second atrium area 3b (2-A) including X floor, X-1 floor and X-2 floor,
Four-story second atrium area 3b (2-B), including floors X+1, X, X-1 and X-2,
5-story second atrium area 3b (2-C) including X+2nd floor, X+1st floor, X floor, X-1st floor and X-2nd floor,
3-story second atrium area 3b (2-D) including X+1 floor, X floor and X-1 floor,
A 4-story second atrium area 3b (2-E) including floors X+2, X+1, X and X-1, and
3-story second atrium area 3b (2-F) including X+2 floor, X+1 floor and X floor,
It may contain at least one of
The second atrium area 3c that does not include an evacuation floor and is formed over two layers,
Two-level second atrium area 3c (2-G) including X-1st and X-2nd floors, and two-level second atrium area 3c (2-H) including X+2nd and X+1st floors
It may contain at least one of

In any case of FIG. 3 described above, the effects described above can be obtained by coexisting the first atrium area 2 and the second atrium area 3 . Note that "X floor + N floor (N is a natural number)" indicates a floor N higher than the X floor (for example, when the X floor is the first floor and N = 2, the third floor). “Xth floor-Nth floor” indicates the Nth floor lower than the Xth floor (for example, if the Xth floor is the first floor and N=1, then the basement is the first floor).

Further, the planar arrangement of the first atrium area 2 and the second atrium area 3 in the atrium structure 1 of the building S can be appropriately changed as shown in FIGS. 4(a) to 4(f). Specifically, as shown in FIG. 4(a), the second atrium areas 3 are arranged at both ends and the center of the building S in the longitudinal direction D2. A first atrium area 2 may be arranged. As shown in FIG. 4B, the first atrium areas 2 are arranged at both ends and the center in the longitudinal direction D2, and the second atrium area 3 is arranged between the two first atrium areas 2. may be

As shown in FIG. 4(c), a first atrium area 2 is arranged at one end in the longitudinal direction D2 of the building S, and a second atrium area 3 is arranged at the other end in the longitudinal direction D2 of the building S, A plurality of first atrium areas 2 and second atrium areas 3 may be arranged between the first atrium areas 2 and the second atrium areas 3 . As shown in FIG. 4(d), the first atrium areas 2 are arranged at both ends in the longitudinal direction D2 of the building S, and a pair of first atrium areas 2 are arranged at one end and the other end in the longitudinal direction D2. A second atrium area 3 may be arranged anywhere between the atrium areas 2 . As shown in FIG. 4(e), a first atrium area 2 is arranged in the center of the building S in the longitudinal direction D2, and a plurality of second atrium areas are arranged on both sides of the first atrium area 2 in the longitudinal direction D2. Area 3 may be arranged.

In the examples of FIGS. 4A to 4E described above, there is a region X in which the first atrium areas 2 and the second atrium areas 3 are alternately arranged. In the present disclosure, "a region in which the first atrium area and the second atrium area are alternately arranged" means an area in which the first atrium area, the second atrium area, and the first atrium area are arranged in this order. , or a region where the second atrium area, the first atrium area, and the second atrium area are arranged in this order.

Further, as shown in FIG. 4(f), second atrium areas 3 are arranged at both ends of the building S in the longitudinal direction D2, and a plurality of first atrium areas 3 are provided between the pair of second atrium areas 3. Area 2 may be arranged. The atrium structure 1 preferably does not have a region in which the second atrium areas 3 are continuously arranged. When the second atrium areas 3 are not continuous and the first atrium area 2 is sandwiched between a plurality of second atrium areas 3, a plurality of fire doors 11, fire shutters 12, and smoke prevention hanging walls 13 are arranged continuously. Since it is possible to eliminate the area where the building S is occupied, the evacuation safety of the building S can be enhanced, and the reduction in openness and visibility can be reliably suppressed.

Next, the effects of the atrium structure 1 for the building S according to this embodiment will be described in detail. As shown in FIGS. 1(c) and 3, in the atrium structure 1 of the building S, the first atrium area 2 is formed over two floors of the building S, and the second atrium area 2 is formed over three or more floors of the building S. and an atrium area 3b. By providing the two-layer first atrium area 2 including the evacuation floor and the second atrium area 3b formed over three or more layers of the building S, visibility inside the building S can be improved.

In addition, in the atrium structure 1 of the building S, the first atrium area 2 includes the evacuation floor and is formed over the two layers of the building S, and the second atrium area 2 is formed over the two or more layers of the building S on floors other than the evacuation floor. and an area 3c. By providing a first atrium area 2 including an evacuation floor and a second atrium area 3c of two or more layers formed on floors other than the evacuation floor, a plurality of atrium areas of different types can be arranged. Therefore, the internal space of the building S can be made rich in variety.

In any of the atrium structures 1, the first atrium area 2 including the evacuation floor (Xth floor) and formed over the two layers of the building S is combined with the second atrium areas 3b and 3c. In the first atrium area 2, which includes the evacuation floor and is formed over the two floors of the building S, the transmission range of smoke is narrower than the second atrium areas 3b and 3c, and the evacuation route to the evacuation floor is short. The fire doors 11, the fire shutters 12, and the smoke-proof hanging walls 13 located around the first atrium area 2 can be eliminated.

In other words, by rationally reducing the number of fire doors 11, fire shutters 12, and smoke-proof hanging walls 13 to be arranged inside the building S, and by rationally arranging them so as not to hinder the safe evacuation of users. Evacuation safety of the building S can be enhanced, and visibility can be further improved.

The first atrium area 2 may be an area in which the fire door 11 and the fire shutter 12 are not arranged. In this case, by providing the first atrium area 2, the number of excessive fire doors 11 and fire shutters 12 in the building S as a whole can be reasonably reduced, and the number of fire doors 11 and fire shutters 12 can be rationally reduced so as not to hinder the safe evacuation of users. Since it can be set as the arrangement|positioning, the evacuation safety of the building S can be improved.

Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the atrium structure 1 of the building S may at least partially include a region X in which the first atrium areas 2 and the second atrium areas 3 are alternately arranged. In particular, when the atrium areas are arranged continuously like a mall-type commercial facility, the number of fire doors 11, fire shutters 12, and smokeproof hanging walls 13 is reasonably reduced by arranging the first atrium area 2, The layout can be rationalized to the extent that it does not hinder the safe evacuation of users, and the interior space is rich in variety while improving the visibility of the building S by alternately arranging a plurality of types of atrium areas. can be

The building S may have at least one floor where the first atrium area 2 and the second atrium area 3 coexist. In this case, on the floor where the first atrium area 2 and the second atrium area 3 coexist, the number of excessive fire doors 11 and fire shutters 12 is reasonably reduced so as not to hinder evacuation. Since it can be set as the arrangement|positioning, the evacuation safety of the building S can be improved.

For example, in the above-described embodiments, the atrium structure 1 including the plurality of first atrium areas 2 and the plurality of second atrium areas 3 was illustrated. However, for example, as shown in the modified examples of FIGS. 5(a) and 5(b), the building B may include one second atrium area 3 and one first atrium area 2. . In this manner, the number and arrangement of the first atrium areas and the number and arrangement of the second atrium areas can be changed as appropriate within the scope of the above-described gist.

The embodiment of the atrium structure of the building according to the present disclosure has been described above. However, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and may be modified or applied to other things within the scope of not changing the gist described in each claim. For example, the shape, size, number, and arrangement of the parts constituting the atrium structure can be changed as appropriate.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, the building S, which is a mall-type commercial facility in which three layers having mall passages are provided, has been described. However, the building may be a mall-type commercial facility in which four or more layers having mall passages are provided. That is, the number of layers having molding passages is not limited to the examples of the above embodiments, and can be changed as appropriate.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, the building S has a plurality of stores T and has a passage R1 extending in the longitudinal direction D2 and a passage R2 extending in the width direction D3. However, the number, shape, width and layout of the stores and the number, shape, width and layout of the aisles are not limited to the above examples and can be changed as appropriate. Furthermore, in the above-described embodiment, the building S, which is a mall-type commercial facility having a plurality of stores T, has been described. However, the atrium structure of a building according to the present invention can also be applied to buildings other than mall-type commercial facilities, such as large hospitals having a plurality of examination rooms.

1... atrium structure, 2... first atrium area, 3, 3b, 3c... second atrium area, 11... fire door, 12... fire shutter, 13... smokeproof hanging wall, B... building, D1... vertical direction, D2 ...longitudinal direction, D3...width direction, E1, E2, E3, E4, E5... evacuation route, F... floor, H... atrium, R1, R2... corridor, S... building, T... store, W... corridor, X... region.

Claims (4)

An atrium structure of a building with three or more floors arranged vertically,
a first atrium area including an evacuation floor of the building and formed over two levels of the building;
a second atrium area formed over three or more layers of the building;
with
The building has an aisle, and the first atrium area and the second atrium area are alternately arranged along the aisle,
The building is a mall-type commercial facility with three or more layers having mall passages with shops on both sides,
In the building, the first floor is the evacuation floor,
The first atrium area is an area where fire doors and fire shutters are not arranged,
A fire door and a fire shutter are arranged at a position facing the second atrium area of the store,
Atrium structure of the building. An atrium structure of a building with three or more floors arranged vertically,
a first atrium area including an evacuation floor of the building and formed over two levels of the building;
a second atrium area formed over two or more layers of the building on floors other than the evacuation floor;
with
The building has an aisle, and the first atrium area and the second atrium area are alternately arranged along the aisle,
The building is a mall-type commercial facility with three or more layers having mall passages with shops on both sides,
In the building, the first floor is the evacuation floor,
The first atrium area is an area where fire doors and fire shutters are not arranged,
A fire door and a fire shutter are arranged at a position facing the second atrium area of the store,
Atrium structure of the building. The building has at least one floor where the first atrium area and the second atrium area coexist,
The building atrium structure according to claim 1 or 2 . The second atrium area includes a second atrium area formed over the first to third floors of the building, and a second atrium area formed over the second and third floors of the building.
The building atrium structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3 .

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