JP7300223B1 - Custom cushioned seat back - Google Patents

Abstract

[Problems] In addition to reducing the impact on the neck due to a rear-end collision, neck fatigue and lower back pain when traveling long distances, and supporting the affected part from the back side when sitting in a person who has some kind of symptoms in the cervical spine or lumbar spine. To provide a seat back having a function capable of providing A seated person's head (13), cervical vertebrae (14), thoracic vertebrae (15), and lumbar vertebrae (16) are adjustable in shape and position, respectively, of a headrest portion, a neck piloti portion, and a backrest portion of a seated person. and the sacral vertebrae 17 are held from the back side of the seated person. [Selection drawing] Fig. 4

Description

The present invention relates to seatbacks.

Conventional vehicle seat backs include a reclining mechanism that adjusts the inclination of the upper body, a lumbar support mechanism that allows fore-and-aft motion, a headrest that allows for up-and-down and fore-and-aft motion, and seat back sides that can be adjusted in width. It had function and structure. However, in order to support the head, cervical vertebrae, and lumbar vertebrae, the head, cervical vertebrae, and lumbar vertebrae are supported in three places, according to the sitting height of each seater and the S-shaped curvature when the head, cervical, thoracic, lumbar, and sacral vertebrae are viewed from the side. In addition, the cervical and lumbar vertebrae can be adjusted vertically, and the cushion part is customized according to the sitting height of each occupant and the S-shaped curvature of the head, cervical, thoracic, lumbar, and sacral vertebrae when viewed from the side. can be easily exchanged has not been confirmed at this time. Therefore, in conventional seats with a low cervical spine retention function that emphasizes the head protection function, a large gap is created between the cervical spine and the seat. The damage is large, and it may be a cause of cervical spine sprain, causing neck fatigue when traveling long distances. In addition, since the lumbar vertebrae of each seated person cannot be supported and held in an appropriate state for the seated person, this often causes back pain during long-distance travel. In order to compensate for the above functional defects, general-purpose neck pilotis and lumbar supports that are retrofitted to vehicle seatbacks are on the market, but the above problems have not been solved fundamentally.

In Patent Document 1, only the neck piloti portion integrated with the headrest portion has a vertical movable range on the frame as a shell-shaped single body, and the shape adjustment of the neck piloti portion and the lumbar support portion, which do not have a pedestal portion, is possible. , Two arcs are arranged to increase or decrease the bulge, and it is not in the form of adjustment so as to engage the S-curve when the spine on the back side of the seated person is viewed from the side, so the seat back cushion is structurally It is difficult to maintain the S-shaped curve of the spine of the sitter, and there is a difference in the sitting height and the shape and size of the head of the sitter. It is considered that it cannot correspond to

Next, Patent Literature 2 considers a neck piloti portion and a lumbar support portion of a fixed shape without a pedestal portion as a support, and each has only a structure in which two sets of slide mechanisms are used to give a movable range in the vertical direction. However, since it is not assumed that the neck piloti part and the lumbar support part themselves will be replaced or the shape will be adjusted, the S-curvature of the spine when viewing the individual seated person from the side Since it is impossible to adopt a form that is fully engaged, and a gap is created between the cushion of the seat back and the spine of the occupant, the seat back only partially supports the spine of the occupant. Instead, it is a structure that induces loads on the intervertebral discs between the vertebrae. In addition, since the position and shape of the headrest portion cannot be adjusted, the head is not sufficiently supported due to the difference in sitting height of the seated person.

In addition, the ergonomic chair of Patent Document 3 is characterized by the support of the back of the seated person by the headrest part and the neck pillow part. Since the main purpose is to have a relaxing effect by leaning back and forth using the neck part of the headrest as a fulcrum, and not from the perspective of supporting it, it has a structure that responds to differences in the sitting height of the occupant and the curvature of the spine. not.

Furthermore, Patent Document 4 discloses a pair of position-adjustable cushioning pads that do not have a pedestal for supporting the head, waist, and buttocks disposed on the surface of the cushion of the seat back. It is a structure that moves up and down using a slide mechanism, but the cross-sectional shape does not assume a form that engages with the S-shaped curve when viewed from the side of the seated person's head to the spine. It is in the form that a gap is generated between the pad and the back of the seated person.

In addition, in Patent Document 5, a simple structure is adopted in which several fixed paddings without a slide mechanism are arranged on the surface of the cushion portion of the seat back, and the seat back and the head and cervical vertebrae of the occupant are separated from the cervical vertebrae. It is intended to partially fill the gap between the lumbar vertebrae and the seated person, and does not assume a form that engages the S-shaped curve of the seated person's head and spine when viewed from the side. It is almost impossible to completely fill the gap with the back of the seated person, and to support each part of the spine so as to maintain the S-curvature of the spine. This document also does not have a pedestal on each cushion.

The above Patent Documents 1 to 5 are structures in which a fixed-shaped pad-like cushion part moves back and forth, contracts, and moves up and down, and partially supports the back surface of the seated person when viewed from the side. Therefore, it is structurally impossible to support the S-shaped curvature of the spine that forms the back shape of each seated person when viewed from the side, between the seat surface and the back of the seated person. It is a form in which a gap occurs in the On the other hand, the characteristic of the present invention is that each cushion part has several similar patterns in the vertical surface cross-sectional shape so as to match the back shape of each seated person when viewed from the side. By selecting from, combining, and setting so that there are no gaps or steps, there is no gap between the seat surface and the back of the seated person, and the S-curvature of the spine that forms the back shape when the seated person is viewed from the side. It has a supportable form, each cushion can be easily attached and detached, and each cushion has a pedestal.

JP-A-62-270110 FR-A-2345111 U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2009/0273221 U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 4,862,536 U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 5,533,787

It is a conventional vehicle seat that has been developed and commercialized after considering various functions and structures, but the seat back that supports the cervical and lumbar vertebrae still has room for improvement.

Even with a seat back that has a headrest that can be adjusted vertically and fore and aft, compared to a fixed type headrest, if there is a sudden input to the head from behind when the seat is seated, the head will be subject to sudden rearward movement. Since the main purpose is to prevent shaking, many of them have a gap between them and the cervical vertebrae, and there is no consideration for people with neck diseases.

Therefore, when there is a sudden input to the head from behind when seated, it is not possible to prevent the momentary violent shaking of the cervical spine to the rear, and even healthy people can cause cervical spine injuries such as cervical spine sprains. This is even more so for those with neck problems.

In addition, even with a seat back that has a lumbar support structure and shape, it is possible to adjust the shape only by adjusting the front and back to match the position of the lumbar spine and the curved shape from the lumbar spine to the lower thoracic spine, which varies depending on the sitting height of the occupant. Since it does not have a structure and a vertical position adjustment structure, even healthy people may experience back pain and fatigue when sitting for a long time.

In order to solve these problems, the cervical spine support part and the lumbar spine support part mainly have independent position adjustment structures, and the back of the seated person's head, the cervical spine, the thoracic spine, the lumbar spine and the sacral spine are connected. In order to maintain the S-shaped curve when viewed from the side, the headrest, neck piloti, backrest, sitting height of each seater, head, cervical, thoracic, lumbar, and sacral vertebrae are arranged on the side. In order to maintain the S-shaped curvature when viewed, the gap between the back of the seated person and the seat is minimized, and the surface shape is designed to support the S-shaped curvature of the spine of the seated person when viewed from the side. To provide a custom cushion type seat back having a structure capable of attaching/detaching and replacing customized cushion parts and adjusting the position of each part.

A headrest portion 1 composed of a backrest side portion 4, a backrest skeleton portion 5, a headrest cushion portion 6 and a headrest base portion 7, and a neck pillow portion 2 composed of a neck pillow cushion portion 8 and a neck pillow base portion 9. , a backrest cushion portion 10 and a backrest pedestal portion 11, and a backrest skeleton portion 5 having a slide mechanism 12 or a slide mechanism 12 provided in the backrest side portion 4, to move the headrest portion. 1, a neck pillow portion 2, and a backrest portion 3 are vertically moved in the height direction of the seat back, and the lower portion of the headrest cushion portion 6 and the upper portion of the neck pillow portion 8 are in contact with each other. The lower part of the neck pillowy cushion part 8 and the upper part of the backrest cushion part 10 slide so as to slide and overlap each other, and the attached headrest cushion part 6, the neck pillowy cushion part 8, and the backrest cushion slide so as to contact and overlap each other. The cross-sectional shape of the surface in contact with the back of the seated person when the part 10 is viewed from the side in the vertical direction is characterized by a structure that forms a shape that forms a smooth S-shaped curve when the spine is viewed from the side of the human head. A custom cushioned seat back.

A detachably replaceable headrest cushion part 6, a neck piloti cushion part 8 and a backrest cushion part 10 are attached to a headrest pedestal part 7, a neck piloti pedestal part 9 and a backrest pedestal part 11 which are attached to a slide mechanism 12. and a form in which the headrest pedestal 7, the neck piloti pedestal 9, and the backrest pedestal 11 on which the neck piloti cushion 8 and the backrest cushion 10 are mounted are attached to the slide mechanism 12, Custom cushioned seat back.

A custom cushion seatback characterized by a structure in which a headrest portion 1, a neck pillow portion 2, and a backrest portion 3 are independently arranged on a seatback skeleton portion 5 as a first type of form.

The second type is characterized by a structure in which the backrest portion 3 and the backrest side portion 4 are integrally structured, and the headrest portion 1 and the neck pillow portion 2 are independently arranged on the seatback skeleton portion 5. and a custom cushioned seat back.

As a third type of form, the headrest portion 1 and the backrest side portion 4 are integrally structured, and the structure in which the neck pillow portion 2 and the backrest portion 3 are independently arranged on the seatback skeleton portion 5. A custom cushioned seat back featuring

It is mainly equipped with a position adjustment function for supporting the cervical vertebrae when the occupant is viewed from the side and the lumbar vertebrae. The surface shape can be customized so as to form a shape that engages with the curve and support the shape from the back side, and each detachable and replaceable cushion part has a structure in which the vertical position can be adjusted. Compared to conventional seat backs, adjustable seat backs can reduce the impact on the neck caused by rear-end collisions when riding, neck fatigue and lower back pain during long-distance travel, and reduce some symptoms in the cervical and lumbar vertebrae. It has a structure that can provide support from the back side of the affected part of the person holding it when seated. It is also possible to divert to

(a) It is a perspective view of the first form. (b) It is a front view of the first form. (a) It is a perspective view of the second type of configuration. (b) A front view of the second type of configuration. (a) is a perspective view of a third form; (b) A front view of the third type of configuration. (a) In the first, second, and third forms, the headrest part is molded into a shape that engages the back of the seated person and the back of the seated person when the seated person with a low sitting height is viewed from the side. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the product of the present invention showing the relationship between the neck pillow portion and the backrest portion; (b) In the first, second, and third forms, the headrest part is molded into a shape that engages the back of the seated person and the back of the seated person when the seated person with a high sitting height is viewed from the side. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the product of the present invention showing the relationship between the neck pillow portion and the backrest portion; (a) A diagram explaining the relationship between each cushion part and the S-shaped curved shape of the spine of the seated person using the first type form when each cushion part is composed of a soft part A1 and a hard part A2. is. (a) The relationship between the first connecting portion B1 and the second connecting portion B2 when the neck pillowy cushion portion 8 overlaps the headrest cushion portion 6 and the backrest cushion portion 10 overlaps the neck pillowy cushion portion 8 from below to above. It is a diagram showing. (b) The relationship between the first connecting portion B1 and the second connecting portion B2 when the headrest cushion portion 6 overlaps the neck pillowy cushion portion 8 and the neck pillowy cushion portion 8 overlaps the backrest cushion portion 10 from above downward. It is a diagram showing. (c) The first connection portion B1 and the second connection portion B2 when the headrest cushion portion 6, the neck pillow portion 8, and the backrest cushion portion 10 are in contact with each other in a form other than the above (a) and (b). It is a figure which showed the relationship. (a) The first connecting portion B1 and the second connecting portion in FIG. 6(a) with the neck pillowty cushion portion 8, the headrest cushion portion 6, and the backrest cushion portion 10 pushed downward in the seat back. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the relationship of B2; (b) The neck pillowy cushion portion 8, the headrest cushion portion 6, and the backrest cushion portion 10 in the state of FIG. It is the figure which showed the relationship of 2 connection parts B2.

As shown in FIGS. 1(a)(b), 2(a)(b), and 3(a)(b), the surface of the seat back body includes a headrest portion 1 and a neck pillow portion 2. , a backrest portion 3, and a backrest side portion 4.

As shown in FIGS. 4(a)(b), 5(a), 6(a)(b)(c), and 7(a)(b), the headrest portion 1 is a headrest portion. The neck piloti portion 2 comprises a neck piloti cushion 8 and a neck piloti pedestal 10, and the backrest portion 3 comprises a backrest cushion 10 and a backrest pedestal 11. Each pedestal is attached to the slide mechanism 12 and moves up and down, and as shown in FIG. It slides like this, connects in an overlapping form, and has a structure covered with a surface cover C. The first connecting portion B1 is a portion where the lower portion of the neck pillowy cushion portion 8 and the upper portion of the headrest cushion portion 6 overlap. 10 Top is where they overlap.

As shown in FIGS. 1(a) and 1(b), in the first type configuration, a headrest portion 1, a neck pillow portion 2, and a backrest portion 3 are independent of each other, and a headrest base portion 7, Although the neck piloti pedestal 9 and the backrest pedestal 11 slide up and down using the slide mechanism 12, the shape of the boundary between the parts is not necessarily a straight line.

As shown in FIGS. 2(a) and 2(b), in the second form, the backrest portion 3 and the backrest side portion 4 are integrally structured, and the headrest base portion 7, the neck piloti base portion 9, and the backrest are integrated. Although the pedestal portion 11 has a form in which it slides up and down, the shape that serves as a boundary between each portion is not necessarily a straight line.

As shown in FIGS. 3(a) and 3(b), in the third type configuration, the neck piloti portion 2 and the backrest side portion 4 have an integral structure, the headrest pedestal portion 7, the neck piloti pedestal portion 9, Although the backrest pedestal part 11 has a form in which it slides up and down, the shape of the boundary between the parts is not necessarily a straight line.

When the attached headrest cushion part 6, the neck pillow part 8, and the backrest cushion part 10 are viewed from the side in the vertical direction, the cross-sectional shape of the surface in contact with the back of the seated person is the same as when the spine is viewed from the side of the person's head. When the seat back is viewed from the side in the height direction, the structure that forms a shape that engages with the smooth S-curve is the headrest cushion portion 6 in the installed state, the neck piloti cushion portion 8, and the backrest cushion The shape of the surface contacting the seated person's back surface formed by the first connection part B1 and the second connection part B2 sliding so as to contact and overlap each other is the head 13 of the individual seated person and the cervical vertebrae. When 14, thoracic vertebrae 15, lumbar vertebrae 16, and sacral vertebrae 17 are viewed from the side, the structure forms a shape that fits the S-curvature of the spine with the front and back thickness of each intervertebral disc maintained equal. is. The S-shaped curve is maintained by using a highly resilient cushioning material that does not easily change shape due to the pressure from the back of the seated person for each cushion part, and by using a highly elastic material for each pedestal part. In addition, the two-layer structure of the soft part (A1) with shape followability on the front side and the hard part (A2) on the core part allows the seat back surface and the back of the occupant to be aligned. It is a structure that enhances adhesion and prevents the creation of a gap between the surface of the seat back and the back of the occupant.

The detachable and replaceable headrest cushion (6), neck pillowy cushion (8), and backrest cushion (10) are individually selected from among those whose vertical surface cross-sectional shape is formed according to the height and sitting height. A seated person's head 13, cervical vertebrae 14, thoracic vertebrae 15, lumbar vertebrae 16, and sacral vertebrae 17 are selected so as to form an S-shaped curve when viewed from the side, and are attached to each pedestal for use.

As shown in FIGS. 4(a)(b), 5(a), 6(a)(b)(c), and 7(a)(b), the headrest cushion part 6 and the neck pillowy cushion part 8, the backrest cushion part 10 has an assumed seat height and the length of the head 13, cervical vertebrae 14, thoracic vertebrae 15, lumbar vertebrae 16, and sacral vertebrae 17 with respect to the vertical cross-sectional shape of each cushion part. The length based on the average value of the depth and the average S-shaped curvature in a state where the front and back thickness of the intervertebral disc between each vertebra is kept equal when the seated person's spine is viewed from the side A typical shape is calculated, and the pattern-molded one is attached and detached for use.

As shown in FIG. 5(a), the headrest cushion portion 6, the neck pillow portion 8, and the backrest cushion portion 10 have a soft portion A1 on the surface thereof, which is thin, has low elasticity, and has high adhesion and shape followability. Low-resilience urethane and other materials are used, and the hard part A2 is placed in the core to maintain the S-shaped curvature of the spine of each occupant when viewed from the side, creating a good connection between the back and seatbacks. It is possible to increase the adhesion, and it becomes a form that can physiologically or ergonomically maintain a state in which there is no local load on the spine of the seated person.

The slide mechanism 12 shown in FIGS. The slide mechanism 12 for the headrest pedestal 7 is disposed on the neck piloti pedestal 9, and the slide mechanism 12 for the neck piloty pedestal 9 is disposed on the backrest pedestal 11, or the headrest pedestal 7 In some cases, the slide mechanism 12 for the backrest base portion 11 is provided for the neck piloti base portion 9 as well. Further, the structure of the slide mechanism 12 takes the form of using rails, cylinders, rod-like shafts, bolts, rack and pinions, chains, belts, and the like.

4(a)(b), FIG. 5(a), FIGS. 6(a)(b)(c), and FIGS. , the vertical cross-sectional shape of the backrest cushion portion 10 is not limited to the use of similarly patterned surface cross-sectional shapes, and the side cross-sectional shape of each cushion portion is designed so that the head and spine of the individual seated person are side-by-side. In addition to being able to be newly molded according to the shape and sitting height when viewed, it is also possible to have a function to remember the shape each time according to the individual seated person, and the internal pressure and shape can be adjusted. A flexible air cushion, a loose cushion made of urethane foam with low resilience that is flexible and highly conformable, a urethane material that allows insertion of auxiliary parts into the urethane part, and a shape memory that allows deformation, adjustment, and memory. It is also possible to use materials.

4(a)(b), FIG. 5(a), FIGS. 6(a)(b)(c), and FIGS. , The backrest cushion part 10 is attached to the headrest pedestal part 7, the 9-neck pillowy pedestal part 9, and the backrest pedestal part 11, and can be attached and detached by using Velcro (registered trademark), hooks, hooks, fasteners, etc. Prepare.

As shown in FIGS. 5(a), 6(a), 6(b) and 6(c), a headrest pedestal portion 7 on which the headrest cushion portion 6, the neck pillow portion 8, and the backrest cushion portion 10 can be attached and detached. The neck-piloti pedestal 9 and the backrest pedestal 11 are made of a highly rigid material and have a flat plate shape.

FIGS. 4(a)(b), 5(a), 6(a)(b)(c), and 7(a)(b) show a headrest cushion portion 6, a neck pillowy cushion portion 8, A mode in which the backrest cushion part 10 already attached to the headrest pedestal part 7, the neck piloti pedestal part 9, and the backrest pedestal part 11 is used by being attached to the slide mechanism 12, and the headrest pedestal already attached to the slide mechanism 12. It is premised on two types of forms used by attaching to the part 7, the neck piloti base part 9, the backrest base part 11, the headrest cushion part 6, the neck piloti cushion part 8, and the backrest cushion part 10. - 特許庁

The combination of the forms of the first connection portion B1 and the second connection portion B2 of each cushion portion is not limited to the two combinations shown in FIGS. or a combination of (a) and (c), or a combination of (b) and (c), or (c) alone.

1 headrest part (c)
2 neck piloti section 3 backrest section 4 backrest side section 5 backrest skeleton section 6 headrest cushion section 7 headrest pedestal section 8 neck piloti cushion section 9 neck piloti pedestal section
10 Backrest cushion
11 Backrest base
12 Slide mechanism
13 head
14 Cervical spine
15 thoracic spine
16 lumbar spine
17 Sacral vertebrae
A1 Soft part
A2 hard part
B1 1st connection
B2 Second connection part C Front cover

Claims (5)

A headrest portion (1) composed of a backrest side portion (4), a backrest skeleton portion (5), a headrest cushion portion (6) and a headrest base portion (7), a neck piloti cushion portion (8) and a neck piloti A neck piloti portion (2) composed of a pedestal portion (9), a backrest portion (3) composed of a backrest cushion portion (10) and a backrest pedestal portion (11), and a slide mechanism (12), Using the slide mechanism (12) arranged in the backrest skeleton (5) or the backrest side part (4), the headrest part (1), the neck piloti part (2) and the backrest part (3) are The seat back is movable up and down in the height direction of the seat back, and the headrest pedestal (7), the neck pillow pedestal (9) and the backrest pedestal (11) are mounted on a set of two rails. The slide mechanism (12) is disposed directly above the configured slide mechanism (12), and the slide mechanism (12) is disposed directly above the backrest skeleton (5) so as to overlap the lower part of the headrest cushion (6) and the neck piloti cushion. The upper part of the part (8) and the lower part of the neck pillowy cushion part (8) and the upper part of the backrest cushion part (10) overlap each other. ) and the cross-sectional shape of the surface in contact with the back of the seated person when the backrest cushion part (10) is viewed vertically from the side forms a shape that mates with the S -curve when the spine is viewed from the side of the human head. A custom cushioned seat back that features a structure that A headrest pedestal (7), a neck pillow pedestal (9), and a backrest pedestal (11) attached to the slide mechanism (12) are detachable and replaceable headrest cushions (6) and neck pillowy cushions. A headrest pedestal (7) equipped with a part (8), a backrest cushion part (10), a headrest cushion part (6), a neck piloti cushion part (8), and a backrest cushion part (10). ), the neck piloti base (9) and the backrest base (11) are mounted on the slide mechanism (12). The first type of form is characterized by a structure in which a headrest portion (1), a neck piloti portion (2), and a backrest portion (3) are independently arranged on a seatback frame portion (5). 3. A custom cushion seat back according to item 1 or 2. As the second type of form, the backrest part (3) is integrated with the backrest side part (4), and the headrest part (1) and the neck pillow part (2) are independent of the seatback skeleton part ( 3. The custom cushioned seat back according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by the structure provided in 5). As a third type of form, the headrest part (1) and the backrest side part (4) are integrally structured, and the neck piloti part (2) and the backrest part (3) are independent seat back skeletons. 3. A custom cushioned seat back according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by a structure located in portion (5).

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