JP7275980B2 - 排気浄化システム - Google Patents
排気浄化システム Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 title claims description 59
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 649
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 490
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 243
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 101
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 16
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 16
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 43
- 206010021198 ichthyosis Diseases 0.000 description 32
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 29
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 28
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 24
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 19
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 16
- MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)-1,3-thiazol-2-amine Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C=2N=C(N)SC=2)=C1 MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 15
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 15
- JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen dioxide Inorganic materials O=[N]=O JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 13
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 11
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 10
- ZWWCURLKEXEFQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N dinitrogen pentaoxide Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)O[N+]([O-])=O ZWWCURLKEXEFQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 10
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 10
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- LZDSILRDTDCIQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N dinitrogen trioxide Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)N=O LZDSILRDTDCIQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 8
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 5
- WTHDKMILWLGDKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N urea;hydrate Chemical compound O.NC(N)=O WTHDKMILWLGDKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- QVQLCTNNEUAWMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium oxide Chemical compound [Ba]=O QVQLCTNNEUAWMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000013877 carbamide Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229910002090 carbon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052878 cordierite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium dioxido-bis[(1-oxido-3-oxo-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3-disila-5,7-dialuminabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-7-yl)oxy]silane Chemical compound [Mg++].[Mg++].[O-][Si]([O-])(O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2)O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2 JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910000069 nitrogen hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 4
- NAWXUBYGYWOOIX-SFHVURJKSA-N (2s)-2-[[4-[2-(2,4-diaminoquinazolin-6-yl)ethyl]benzoyl]amino]-4-methylidenepentanedioic acid Chemical compound C1=CC2=NC(N)=NC(N)=C2C=C1CCC1=CC=C(C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(=C)C(O)=O)C(O)=O)C=C1 NAWXUBYGYWOOIX-SFHVURJKSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000000305 Fourier transform infrared microscopy Methods 0.000 description 3
- OWIKHYCFFJSOEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isocyanic acid Chemical compound N=C=O OWIKHYCFFJSOEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910001038 basic metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ceric oxide Chemical compound O=[Ce]=O CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000422 cerium(IV) oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000001321 HNCO Methods 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005033 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002089 NOx Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010531 catalytic reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009615 fourier-transform spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N heavy water Substances [2H]O[2H] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[La+3].[La+3] MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 nitrate ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002336 sorption--desorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
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- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
Description
図1に示すように、排気浄化システム10は、内燃機関20から排出される排気中に含まれる所定成分を触媒層40により浄化可能なシステムとして構成されている。排気浄化システム10は、さらに、オゾン供給装置30と、還元剤供給装置60とを備えている。
2H2+2H2+2NO→2H2+2NO→2H2O+N2 … (2)
[HC]+NO→N2+CO2+H2O … (3)
HNCO+H2O→NH3+CO2 … (5)
4NO+4NH3+O2→4N2+6H2O … (7)
6NO2+8NH3→7N2+12H2O … (8)
NO2+O3→NO3+O2 … (14)
NO2+NO3→N2O5 … (15)
[M]+H2O+N2O5→[M]+2HNO3 … (16)
触媒層40を構成する各触媒層は、複数の触媒層に分割されていてもよい。具体的には、例えば、図11に示すように、第1触媒層41は、配管12mにより分離された複数の分割触媒層41a、41bに分割されていてもよい。この場合、分割触媒層41a,41bのそれぞれに、触媒温度センサ23a,23b、その上流側に還元剤を注入するインジェクタ61a,61b、オゾンを供給するオゾン供給管31a,31bが備えられていてもよい。また、配管12mにおける排気中のNOx量を検出する中間NOxセンサ25が備えられていてもよい。中間NOxセンサ25により検出されるNOx量は、分割触媒層41aの触媒後NOx量であるとともに、分割触媒層41bに供給されるNOx量である。
2CO+O2→2CO2 … (19)
2NO+O2→2NO2 … (20)
Claims (10)
- 内燃機関(20)からの排気中の所定成分を浄化する排気浄化システム(10)であって、
前記内燃機関の排気管に配置された触媒層(40)と、
前記触媒層にオゾンを供給するオゾン供給装置(30)と、
前記オゾン供給装置を制御する制御装置(50)と、を備え、
前記触媒層は、前記排気中の窒素酸化物を浄化する触媒として、前記排気管に供給される還元剤により選択的に窒素酸化物を還元する選択的還元触媒と、前記排気中の一酸化炭素または炭化水素を還元剤として窒素酸化物を還元する三元触媒との少なくともいずれか一方を含み、
前記制御装置は、前記内燃機関から排出される窒素酸化物量に対しての前記触媒層に供給するオゾン量の供給比を制御する供給比制御部(53)を備え、
前記制御装置は、前記触媒層に吸着された窒素酸化物量の積算値である積算吸着量を推定する推定部(54)を備え、前記推定部により推定された前記積算吸着量が所定の吸着量閾値以下である場合に、前記触媒層にオゾンを供給する排気浄化システム。 - 前記触媒層は、前記排気中の未燃焼成分を酸化する酸化触媒と、前記排気中の粒子状成分を浄化する粒子捕集フィルタとの少なくともいずれか一方をさらに含む、請求項1に記載の排気浄化システム。
- 前記供給比制御部は、前記触媒層の温度情報が、前記触媒層の温度が所定の温度閾値未満であることを示す状態である場合に、前記触媒層にオゾンを供給する請求項1または2に記載の排気浄化システム。
- 前記供給比制御部は、物質量比で算出した前記供給比を等倍以上に制御する請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の排気浄化システム。
- 前記供給比制御部は、物質量比で算出した前記供給比を等倍~3倍に制御する請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の排気浄化システム。
- 前記供給比制御部は、物質量比で算出した前記供給比を等倍~1.5倍に制御する請求項1~5のいずれかに記載の排気浄化システム。
- 前記供給比制御部は、物質量比で算出した前記供給比を1.5倍~3倍に制御する請求項1~5のいずれかに記載の排気浄化システム。
- 前記供給比制御部は、物質量比で算出した前記供給比を3倍以上に制御する請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の排気浄化システム。
- 前記供給比制御部は、前記内燃機関から排出される前記窒素酸化物量を調整して、前記供給比を制御する請求項1~8のいずれかに記載の排気浄化システム。
- 前記供給比制御部は、前記触媒層に供給するオゾン量を調整して、前記供給比を制御する請求項1~9のいずれかに記載の排気浄化システム。
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Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2013042644A1 (ja) | 2011-09-21 | 2013-03-28 | 日野自動車株式会社 | 排ガス浄化装置 |
JP2013136949A (ja) | 2011-12-28 | 2013-07-11 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 排気ガス浄化装置 |
JP2013253551A (ja) | 2012-06-07 | 2013-12-19 | Ihi Corp | 脱硝装置 |
JP2014222026A (ja) | 2013-05-13 | 2014-11-27 | 日野自動車株式会社 | 排気浄化システム及び排気浄化方法 |
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JP2014047670A (ja) * | 2012-08-30 | 2014-03-17 | Denso Corp | オゾン生成手段を含むエンジン用NOx後処理装置の制御方法および制御装置 |
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Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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WO2013042644A1 (ja) | 2011-09-21 | 2013-03-28 | 日野自動車株式会社 | 排ガス浄化装置 |
JP2013136949A (ja) | 2011-12-28 | 2013-07-11 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 排気ガス浄化装置 |
JP2013253551A (ja) | 2012-06-07 | 2013-12-19 | Ihi Corp | 脱硝装置 |
JP2014222026A (ja) | 2013-05-13 | 2014-11-27 | 日野自動車株式会社 | 排気浄化システム及び排気浄化方法 |
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