JP7260598B2 - Interlaminar adhesion breaking test method, test equipment, and test piece preparation method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an interlayer adhesion failure test method and testing apparatus, and to a method of preparing a specimen used in the interlayer adhesion failure testing method or testing apparatus.

Extending the life of asphalt pavement is an unavoidable issue in maintaining the soundness of transportation infrastructure. In recent years, it has been pointed out that the quality of adhesion between construction layers is an important factor in extending the life of asphalt pavement.

Generally, a tack coat containing asphalt emulsion or the like is used for adhesion between construction layers. Between the surface layer and the base layer, or between the base layer and the stabilized roadbed layer, the adhesion effect between the layers has disappeared, and the upper and lower layers are divided horizontally at the interface, that is, the state of lack of interlayer adhesion. is confirmed frequently. This suggests that the tack coat applied for interlayer adhesion is not functioning sufficiently.

There are various possible causes for the lack of adhesion between layers, but one of the major causes is the presence of rainwater, etc., entering through cracks in the road surface, construction joints, and the like. That is, when water such as rainwater that has infiltrated from cracks in the road surface, construction joints, etc. passes through the surface layer and reaches, for example, the tack coat at the interface with the base layer, it is prevented from permeating to the lower layers. May stay on site. In this state, when the stagnant water is repeatedly subjected to a load in the vertical direction, for example, by the weight load of a vehicle passing on the road surface, the pressurized water runs horizontally along the interface with the lower layer, As a result, it is considered that interlayer adhesion is destroyed and interlayer adhesion breakage occurs.

Conventionally, various methods for testing the adhesive force between two adhesive layers have been proposed, for example, as shown in Patent Documents 1 to 3, and road pavement is also described, for example, in Non-Patent Document 1. In both of these tests, when water is present between the layers and a load is repeatedly applied from above, the pressurized water cuts the layers. It is not a test to evaluate the breakage of interlayer adhesion caused by In addition, it is not a test for evaluating breakage of interlaminar adhesion or water cut-off at construction joints, which is one of the paths through which water permeates between layers. As far as the present inventors are aware, no methods or devices have been proposed for testing interlaminar bond failure caused by pressurized water cutting between layers, or interlaminar bond failure at construction seams.

JP 2006-300549 A JP 2016-29346 A JP 2017-215292 A

"Road Bridge Deck Waterproof Handbook", edited and published by the Japan Road Association, March 2007, pp. 128-134

The present invention is based on the idea that interlaminar adhesion breakage, which is considered to be important in realizing a long service life of pavement, that is, repeated loads from above in a state where water exists between the adhesion interfaces of two material layers laminated one above the other. Interlayer bond break test method and test for evaluating interlayer bond breakage that occurs when pressurized water cuts between layers when applied, and interlayer bond breakage that occurs in construction joints such as asphalt mixture joints. An object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus and a method for preparing a specimen used for testing thereof.

In order to solve the above problems, as a result of extensive research and repeated trial and error, the present inventors have found that by applying a periodically fluctuating water pressure to the adhesion interface of two adhered object layers, for example, vertically laminated In the state where water exists at the interface of the pavement, the state when repeated loads are applied due to the passage of vehicles, and the penetration force of rainwater, etc., received by the construction joint where the adhesive interface is exposed on the pavement surface, etc. , can be reproduced at the laboratory level, and can be satisfactorily evaluated for good or bad adhesion at the bonding interface of two object layers bonded together, and can be tested for debonding. I found The present inventors have made further research efforts, and the subject of the periodically fluctuating pressure is not limited to water, and other incompressible fluids and compressible fluids such as air may be used. The object is most typically a pavement structure, but it is not necessarily limited to a pavement structure, and it has been found to be applicable to two object layers in general that are adhered directly or through an intervening layer.

That is, the present invention is a method for testing interlaminar bond failure at the bond interface of two object layers bonded directly or via an intervening layer, wherein a fluid pressure is applied to the bond interface of the two object layers to be tested. The step of applying a load, and the step of monitoring the appearance of breakage of interlayer adhesion at the adhesive interface to which the fluid pressure load is applied, wherein the step of applying the fluid pressure load is a first adhesive tube having a hollow insertion tube penetrated therein. A first object layer, wherein one end of the insertion tube is opened to the lower surface of the first object layer as a fluid outlet, and the other end is opened to the outer surface of the first object layer as a fluid inlet. A layer is used to bond the region of the bottom surface of the first object layer that includes the fluid ejection port to the top surface of the second object layer directly or via an intervening layer, and the fluid ejection is performed from the fluid injection port. By providing an interlaminar bond failure test method performed by supplying a fluid toward an outlet, wherein the interface to be tested is the adhesion interface between the bottom surface of the first object layer and the top surface of the second object layer, It solves the above problems.

The present invention also provides a method for testing interlaminar bond failure at the bond interface of two object layers bonded directly or via an intervening layer, wherein a fluid pressure is applied to the bond interface of the two object layers to be tested. The step of applying a load, and the step of monitoring the appearance of breakage of interlayer adhesion at the adhesive interface to which the fluid pressure load is applied, wherein the step of applying the fluid pressure load is a first adhesive tube having a hollow insertion tube penetrated therein. A first object layer, wherein one end of the insertion tube is opened to the lower surface of the first object layer as a fluid outlet, and the other end is opened to the outer surface of the first object layer as a fluid inlet. A layer is used to bond the region of the bottom surface of the first object layer that includes the fluid ejection port to the top surface of the second object layer directly or via an intervening layer, and the fluid ejection is performed from the fluid injection port. by supplying a fluid toward the outlet, wherein the second object layer comprises a bonding interface of a third object layer and a fourth object layer bonded directly or via an intervening layer; The bonding of the third object layer and the fourth object layer exposed at a position facing the fluid ejection port in a state where the region of the object layer containing the fluid ejection port is adhered to the upper surface of the second object layer. The above problem is solved by providing an interlaminar adhesion failure test method in which an interface is used as an interface to be tested.

Further, the present invention provides a fluid supply section that supplies fluid at a set predetermined pressure, a pressure release section, a hollow insertion tube having a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet, and the fluid inlet of the insertion tube. a fluid supply channel having a connection port at one end that connects to the fluid supply channel, a channel switching unit that selectively connects the other end of the fluid supply channel to either the fluid supply unit or the pressure release unit, and the channel switch The above problem is solved by providing an interlaminar adhesion rupture testing apparatus comprising a control device for controlling the operation of the parts and a monitoring means for monitoring the state of interlaminar adhesion rupture at the adhesive interface to be tested. is.

In a preferred embodiment, the monitoring means monitors the outflow amount and/or the outflow position of the fluid flowing out from the outer peripheral surface of the object layer forming the adhesive interface to be tested. means for detecting the arrival of the fluid, means for measuring the pressure of the fluid in the vicinity of the fluid inlet, means for measuring the amount of deformation of the object layer forming the adhesion interface to be tested, or adhesion to be tested Means for detecting cracks in the object layer forming the interface, or two or more of the above means.

Further, the present invention includes the steps of: constructing a first object layer having a predetermined planar shape and thickness; inserting and fixing a hollow insertion tube into the hole; constructing a second object layer directly or via an intervening layer on one surface of the first object layer perpendicular to the hole; , bonding the first object layer and the second object layer directly or via an intervening layer, wherein the insertion tube is disposed at the end opposite to the side to which the second object layer is adhered; The above problem is solved by providing a method of making a specimen having a connection for connecting to an external conduit.

According to the interlaminar adhesion failure test method and test apparatus of the present invention, for example, the phenomenon of interlaminar adhesion failure in pavement structures can be reproduced at the laboratory level, and the degree of interlaminar adhesion failure can be evaluated. Various changes were made to the types and characteristics of materials used in structures, and the types and characteristics of tack coats, waterproofing materials, and joint materials interposed between layers were varied, and the effects of these on interlaminar adhesion breakage were investigated. The advantage is that it can be tested and evaluated in the laboratory without relying on Further, according to the method for producing a test piece of the present invention, it is possible to obtain the advantage that the test piece used in the method and apparatus for breaking adhesion between layers of the present invention can be produced accurately and simply.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is the cross-sectional schematic diagram of an example of the test piece used with the interlayer adhesion breaking test method of this invention. FIG. 2 is an explanatory cross-sectional view of the specimen shown in FIG. 1; FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the state of the fluid supplied to the fluid inlet of the specimen and the pressure load applied to the bonding interface by the fluid. FIG. 4 is a time-pressure variation diagram; FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing how the pressure load changes due to the passage of vehicles; It is a conceptual diagram which shows the means of various monitoring. Fig. 10 is a graph showing the relationship between outflow fluid volume and time; Fig. 10 is a pressure-time graph near the fluid inlet; FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another example of a specimen used in the interlaminar adhesion breaking test method of the present invention. FIG. 10 is an explanatory cross-sectional view of the specimen shown in FIG. 9; FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the state of the fluid supplied to the fluid inlet of the specimen and the pressure load applied to the bonding interface by the fluid. FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of still another example of a specimen used in the interlaminar adhesion breaking test method of the present invention. FIG. 13 is an explanatory cross-sectional view of the specimen shown in FIG. 12; FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of still another example of a specimen used in the interlaminar adhesion breaking test method of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a conceptual diagram which shows an example of the interlayer adhesion breaking test apparatus which concerns on this invention. It is a figure explaining the preparation method of a specimen. It is a figure explaining the preparation method of a specimen. It is a figure explaining the preparation method of a specimen. It is a figure explaining the preparation method of a specimen. It is a figure explaining the preparation method of a specimen. It is a figure explaining the preparation method of a specimen. It is a figure explaining the preparation method of a specimen. It is a figure explaining the preparation method of a specimen.

The interlaminar adhesion rupture test method, test apparatus, and test piece preparation method according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings, but it goes without saying that the present invention is not limited to those shown in the drawings. .

1. 1. Test Method FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of a specimen to be tested in a preferred embodiment of the interlaminar adhesion rupture test method according to the present invention. In FIG. 1, 1 is a specimen, 2 is a first object layer, 3 is a second object layer, and 4 is an intervening layer. The first object layer 2 and the second object layer 3 are laminated and adhered in the vertical direction in the drawing with an intervening layer 4 interposed therebetween, and the specimen 1 is constructed. Reference numeral 5 denotes a hollow insertion tube with both ends open, which is inserted and fixed in a hole penetrating the first object layer 2 in the vertical direction. A fluid passage 6 is formed inside the insertion tube 5 . The insertion tube 5 is a liquid-tight or air-tight hollow tube whose wall surface is made of a material that does not allow passage of fluid.

In this example, the first object layer 2 and the second object layer 3, which are bonded to each other with the intervening layer 4 interposed therebetween, are objects to be tested for interlaminar bond breakage at their adhesion interface. It is composed of an appropriate material according to the requirements. For example, when testing the breakage of interlaminar adhesion at the adhesion interface of two laminated object layers of a pavement structure, the first object layer 2 is generally composed of the surface layer of the pavement, such as aggregate and asphalt. The second object layer 3 is composed of a paving mixture for the surface layer, which generally comprises the base layer of the pavement, i. Composed of a mixture. However, it is not limited to this, for example, the first object layer 2 is made of a material that constitutes the base layer of pavement, and the second object layer 3 is made of a material that constitutes the roadbed of pavement, for example, a stabilized material It may be composed of a roadbed material. Furthermore, the first object layer 2 is composed of a pavement material that constitutes the surface layer or base layer, the second object layer 3 is composed of a material that constitutes a concrete floor slab or a steel floor slab, and the two are combined with an appropriate adhesive. And/or a test piece 1 may be obtained by interposing a waterproof material or the like as an intervening layer 4 and laminating and adhering them. Also, both the first object layer 2 and the second object layer 3 may be prepared by placing concrete or cutting a concrete slab to an appropriate size.

The same applies to the intervening layer 4, which is composed of an appropriate material depending on the object to be tested for interlaminar adhesion breakage. For example, when testing the breakage of interlaminar adhesion at the laminate adhesion interface between the surface layer/base layer or between the base layer/roadbed layer, a tack coat containing asphalt emulsion or the like constitutes the intervening layer 4, and the surface layer or base layer and the floor slab are interposed. In the case of testing the breakage of interlayer adhesion at the lamination interface between layers, the intervening layer 4 is usually made up of a waterproofing material or an adhesive used for floor slab waterproofing.

The intervening layer 4 is necessary when testing the breakage of interlayer adhesion between the first object layer 2 and the second object layer 3 in a state of being laminated and bonded with the intervening layer 4 interposed. Needless to say, it is not necessary when testing the breakage of interlayer adhesion between the first object layer 2 and the second object layer 3 in a state in which they are laminated and adhered without intervening a . Moreover, the intervening layer 4 does not necessarily have to exist over the entire bonding surface between the first object layer 2 and the second object layer 3, and there may be a part where it does not intervene. Furthermore, the intervening layer 4 may be composed of a plurality of layers.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory cross-sectional view showing the specimen 1 shown in FIG. 1 in a state where it is separated vertically for each constituent layer for the sake of convenience. The same members as in FIG. 1 are given the same reference numerals. In FIG. 2, 2a, 2b and 2c indicate the top, bottom and side surfaces of the first object layer 2 respectively, and 3a, 3b and 3c indicate the top, bottom and side surfaces of the second object layer 3 respectively.

As can be seen in FIG. 2, a hollow insertion tube 5 having a fluid passage 6 inside has an upper end opening as a fluid inlet 6in to the upper surface 2a, which is the outer surface of the first object layer 2, and a lower end as a fluid outlet. 6out is opened in the lower surface 2b of the first object layer 2. As shown in FIG. The lower surface 2b of the first object layer 2 is adhered to the upper surface 3a of the second object layer 3 via the intervening layer 4 . The lower surface 2b of the first object layer 2 does not necessarily have to be adhered to the upper surface 3a of the second object layer 3 over its entirety, but at least in the region containing the fluid ejection port 6out that is the opening of the insertion tube 5. , the upper surface 3 a of the second object layer 3 . The region of the lower surface 2b that includes the fluid ejection port 6out means the region of the lower surface 2b that includes the fluid ejection port 6out inside that region, and the region of the lower surface 2b that surrounds the entire circumference of the fluid ejection port 6out. means. When the first object layer 2 is adhered to the upper surface 3a of the second object layer 3 in the region containing the fluid outlet 6out of its lower surface 2b, the fluid outlet 6out is located on the upper surface of the intervening layer 4 or the second Since the upper surface 3a of the two object layers 3 is in a closed state, the pressure load of the fluid supplied to the fluid ejection port 6out is applied to the adhesive interface to be tested, that is, the first object, without pressure loss. The advantage is that the adhesive interface formed between the lower surface 2b of the layer 2 and the upper surface of the intermediate layer 4 or between the lower surface 2b of the first object layer 2 and the upper surface 3a of the second object layer 3 can be efficiently acted upon. be done.

In the illustrated example, the fluid passage 6 is a linear passage that vertically penetrates the first object layer 2, but it does not necessarily have to be a passage that vertically penetrates the first object layer 2. It may be substantially vertical, or it may be a passage inclined obliquely from the vertical. Also, the fluid passage 6 may be a hook-shaped passage combining a plurality of straight lines, or a partially or wholly curved passage. Moreover, the fluid inlet 6in only needs to open on the outer surface of the first object layer 2, and does not necessarily have to open on the upper surface 2a, and may open on the side surface 2c. Furthermore, the number of fluid passages 6 is not limited to one per specimen, and two or more fluid passages 6 may be provided through the first object layer 2 . However, from the viewpoint of ease of fabrication, the fluid passage 6 is one or more passages that open in the upper surface 2a of the first object layer 2 and penetrate the first object layer 2 vertically or substantially vertically. is desirable. Since the fluid passageway 6 is formed inside the insertion tube 5 , all that has been said about the fluid passageway 6 also applies to the insertion tube 5 .

3 to 6, the inter-layer adhesion failure test method according to the present invention will be described in more detail. The interlaminar adhesion breaking test method according to the present invention is carried out by using the specimen 1 described above and supplying a fluid whose pressure periodically fluctuates from the outside to the fluid inlet 6in.

That is, as indicated by the downward arrow in the center of FIG. Through the fluid passage 6 in the tube 5 to the fluid outlet 6out opening in the lower surface 2b of the first object layer 2, where the intermediate layer 4 or the second It collides with the two-object layer 3 and prevents further progress. For this reason, the adhesive interface between the lower surface 2b of the first object layer 2 and the upper surface 3a of the second object layer 3, either directly or via the intervening layer 4, is periodically alternated between a pressurized state and an unpressurized state. , the pressure load Rf due to the fluid F is applied repeatedly. At this time, the fluid passage 6 is surrounded by the insertion tube 5, and the lower surface 2b of the first object layer 2 encloses the fluid ejection port 6out, which is the lower end of the insertion tube 5, and surrounds the entire circumference of the fluid ejection port 6out. is adhered to the upper surface 3a of the second object layer 3 directly or through the intervening layer 4, the pressure load Rf from the fluid ejection port 6out is efficiently applied to the adhesion interface to be tested without wasteful loss. It will load well.

FIG. 4 is a time-pressure variation diagram showing an example of periodically varying pressure applied to the fluid F supplied from the outside. As shown in FIG. 4, the fluid F has a pressure of P ₁ (MPa) (where P ₁ is a positive number other than 0) for t ₁ seconds from the start of one cycle, with one cycle of repetition being T ₀ seconds. is in a pressurized state in which is applied, followed by a non-pressurized state in which the applied pressure is 0 (MPa) for t ₂ seconds. In this manner, the fluid F is applied with a pressure that periodically fluctuates between the pressurized state and the non-pressurized state.

Incidentally, the value of _P1 , which is the pressure during pressurization, may be determined in consideration of the actual pressure load conditions when the object to be tested is in service. For example, when the test object is a pavement, the pressure P is described in "Road Bridge Deck Waterproof Handbook", edited and published by the Japan Road Association, March 2007, pp. 117-121. With reference to the pressurization conditions arbitrarily adopted when performing the waterproof test II, for example, 0.5 MPa is mentioned as a suitable pressure. However, it is not limited to this. In addition, the pressure applied to the fluid in the non-pressurized state is usually 0, and preferably 0, but it does not have to be completely 0. may be added. It should be noted that the switching from pressure _P1 to pressure 0 and switching from pressure 0 to pressure _P1 are preferably performed almost instantaneously. may be accompanied by a time lag of

In addition, the length of one cycle (T ₀ seconds) and the ratio of pressurization time t ₁ and non-pressurization time t ₂ in one cycle (T ₀ seconds) also affect the actual pressure load when the test object is in service. It should be determined in consideration of the situation. For example, when the test object is a pavement, as shown in FIG. The tires 7 pass one after another, and the pressure load Pv is applied to the water W remaining on the adhesion interface each time the tire 7 passes. will be However, in the test method of the present invention, it is not essential to faithfully reflect this actual situation, and T ₀ , t ₁ , t ₂ should be set. For example, one cycle T ₀ seconds is 1 second, and the ratio of pressurization time t ₁ and non-pressurization time t ₂ is 3:7 (that is, t ₁ =0.3 seconds, t ₂ =0.7 Seconds) is a suitable example, but it is not limited to this.

In terms of _evaluating the test results, _it is desirable that the pressure _P1 is constant during the test. , of course, may be changed to . The same applies to the length of _T0 seconds, which is one cycle, and the ratio of the pressurization time _t1 and the non-pressurization time _{t2 in T0} seconds _. It is desirable that the ratio of pressurization time _t1 and non-pressurization time _t2 in seconds is constant during the test, but it can be changed in consideration of the state of pressure load during actual use of the target specimen. is optional.

The type of fluid F to be used is not particularly limited, and may be appropriately selected according to the purpose of the test. It may be a compressible fluid such as air, or an incompressible fluid such as water or oil. Also good. For example, water, which is an incompressible fluid, is used as the fluid F when examining the influence of rainwater or the like that permeates the pavement and stays on the laminated surface. Further, when investigating the influence of air or the like remaining at the bonding interface during lamination, air, which is a compressible fluid, is used as the fluid F. It is preferable to add and mix a tracer substance such as a fluorescent tracer substance, a chromogenic tracer substance, a radioactive tracer substance, a pigment, or a dye to the fluid F in order to facilitate monitoring, which will be described later. Instead of being added to and mixed with the fluid F, the tracer substance may be injected into the insertion tube 5 from the fluid injection port 6in.

The fluid F is preferably supplied to the fluid inlet 6in under temperature control. As a result, for example, when testing interlaminar adhesion breakage in summer, the fluid F such as water may be supplied to the fluid inlet 6 inch while its temperature is controlled to be relatively high. When testing for disconnection, a fluid F such as water may be supplied to the fluid inlet 6in while its temperature is controlled to be relatively low. By supplying the incompressible fluid F to the fluid inlet 6in while controlling the temperature, it is possible to obtain the advantage that the test can be performed under different temperature environmental conditions. Furthermore, it is preferable that not only the fluid F but also the specimen 1 be tested in a temperature-controlled state. That is, the test sample 1 including the first object layer 2 and the second object layer 3 forming the interface to be tested, as well as the intervening layer 4, is placed in a temperature-controlled room or the like, and the present invention is performed while controlling the temperature to an appropriate temperature. According to the test, the temperature of the first object layer 2 and the second object layer 3, including the intervening layer 4 when the intervening layer 4 is present, is controlled, so naturally adhesion The temperature of the interface is also controlled, and in the same way as when controlling the temperature of the fluid F, it becomes possible to conduct tests under conditions simulating environmental conditions such as seasons such as summer and winter, and tropical, temperate, cold, and polar regions. You get the advantage of

In the interlaminar adhesion rupture test method according to the present invention, the state of interlaminar adhesion rupture of the specimen 1 is monitored, for example, as follows. FIG. 6 is a conceptual diagram showing various monitoring means. In FIG. 6, F is the fluid, Rf is the pressure load by the fluid F, Ff is the flow of the fluid F, 8 is the fluid receiver, 9a and 9b are video cameras, 10 is the rangefinder, 11 is the continuity sensor, and P is the pressure gauge. , G is the mass meter.

As shown in FIG. 6, when the fluid F whose pressure periodically fluctuates is supplied to the fluid inlet 6in, the pressure load Rf in which the pressurized state and the non-pressurized state are cyclically repeated is applied to the first object layer 2. It hangs on the upper surface of the intervening layer 4 or the upper surface 3a of the second object layer 3 facing the fluid ejection port 6out opening in the lower surface 2b, and the adhesive interface between the first object layer 2, the intervening layer 4, and the second object layer 3 has A force tends to separate the adhered layers from each other. When this pressure load Rf exceeds the interlayer adhesive force at the adhesive interface in terms of an instantaneous value or an integrated value, the interlayer adhesive is broken, and a flow Ff of fluid F running horizontally along the adhesive interface is generated so as to cut the layers. . Then, when the flow Ff of the fluid F running horizontally along the adhesive interface reaches the side surfaces of the first object layer 2 and the second object layer 3, that is, the side surface of the test piece 1, the side surface of the test piece 1 is exposed. The fluid F flows out from the bonding interface where the two are formed. By detecting or detecting the outflow of the fluid F from the side surface of the specimen 1, particularly the outflow of the fluid F from the bonding interface of the first object layer 2, the intervening layer 4, and the second object layer 3, and , and by detecting the outflow position, it is possible to monitor how the interlayer adhesion is broken.

When the fluid F is an incompressible fluid such as water or oil, the outflow of the fluid F from the adhesive interface exposed on the side surface of the test piece 1 is detected by the imaging camera 9a arranged on the side surface of the test piece 1. This can be done by photographing the side surface of the specimen 1 by and automatically detecting changes in the photographed image. Moreover, it is of course possible for a human to visually detect or detect the outflow. At this time, if a fluorescent tracer such as uranin or another tracer substance is added to and mixed with the fluid F, the outflow of the fluid F can be detected more easily. When the fluid F is a compressible fluid such as air, a tracer substance for detection is added to the air in advance, and a gas sensor is arranged on the side surface of the specimen 1. It is possible to sense or detect the outflow of the fluid F from the .

In addition, when the fluid F is an incompressible fluid such as water or oil, the outflow of the fluid F from the laminate interface exposed on the side surface of the test piece 1 is provided. The specimen 1 is received by the fluid receiver 8 arranged below, and the change in the mass of the fluid receiver 8 is measured and monitored by the mass meter G, so that it can be quantitatively detected.

Fluid F running horizontally along the adhesive interface passes through any portion of the first object layer 2 where adhesion is weak or if there are gaps, and as shown on the right side of FIG. 2 can penetrate inside. The fluid F that has permeated the inside of the first object layer 2 flows out from the side surface 2c of the first object layer 2 through gaps and portions with weak adhesive force, and furthermore, flows into the upper surface 2a of the first object layer 2. Spillage may occur. In some cases, it may also flow out from the side surface or the bottom surface of the second object layer 3 . In addition, even if the fluid F passing through the first object layer 2 does not flow out to the upper surface 2a of the first object layer 2, the fluid F partially raises the upper surface 2a of the first object layer 2, deforms the upper surface 2a, and causes the upper surface 2a to deform. may cause cracks in the

When the fluid F is an incompressible fluid such as water or oil, the outflow of the fluid F from the side surface 2c of the first object layer 2 is detected in the same manner as in the case of detecting the outflow from the adhesion interface. This can be done by photographing the side surface of the specimen 1 with the imaging camera 9b arranged on the side surface and automatically detecting changes in the photographed image. Needless to say, it may be performed visually. In addition, the fluid F flowing out from the side surface 2c is received by the fluid receiver 8 in the same manner as the fluid F flowing out from the laminated interface, and the mass change of the fluid receiver 8 is measured by the mass meter G at any time to quantitatively can be detected. When the fluid F is a compressible fluid such as air, a tracer substance for detection is added in advance, and a gas sensor is placed on the side of the specimen 1. Outflow of the fluid F can be sensed or detected.

The outflow to the upper surface 2a of the first object layer 2 is detected by an imaging camera 9c (not shown) arranged above the specimen 1, by visual observation, or by a gas sensor, when detecting the fluid F from the adhesion interface or the side surface. can be detected in the same way as Furthermore, to detect the swelling or cracking of the upper surface of the first object layer 2 due to the fluid F, a non-contact rangefinder 10 using, for example, a laser is placed above the specimen 1, and the upper surface of the specimen 1 is scanned at any time. can be detected and monitored by It should be noted that the detection or detection of cracks may be performed by analyzing the captured image of the imaging camera 9c.

Furthermore, when the fluid F is a conductive substance such as water, the continuity sensor 11 is placed in advance at a predetermined location on the specimen 1, and the continuity sensor 11 changes from the non-conducting state to the conducting state. Arrival of the fluid F to the place where the conduction sensor 11 is arranged may be detected by detecting a change in .

FIG. 7 shows the relationship between the mass (outflow fluid amount) of the fluid F that flows down to the fluid receiver 8 and is measured by the mass meter G when the fluid F is an incompressible fluid such as water or oil, and the elapsed time. It is an example of a graph representing a relationship. As shown in FIG. 7, at the beginning of the test, there was no break in interlayer adhesion at the adhesive interface, and the mass of the incompressible fluid F that flowed down to the fluid receiver 8 remained "0". , the amount of the fluid F flowing down to the fluid receiver 8 begins to increase gradually, increases sharply after a certain point, and thereafter the rate of increase is almost constant. From the curvedness of the outflow fluid amount-time curve, it is possible to grasp the state of interlaminar adhesion breakage of the tested specimen 1 and the time course.

For example, the elapsed time t at the point where the extension of the tangent line α of the outflow fluid volume-time curve intersects the elapsed time axis at the time when the rate of increase in the outflow fluid volume, which is considered to correspond to a large amount of outflow, becomes a large value and is almost constant. is defined as the interlaminar bond breakage time, the resistance to interlaminar bond breakage of the tested specimen 1 can be evaluated by the length of this interlaminar bond breakage time. In the case of strictly evaluating the lack of interlayer adhesion, the fluid F flowing out from the upper surface of the test piece 1 or even from the side surface other than the exposed portion of the adhesive interface should not flow into the fluid receiver 8. It is desirable to

Note that even when the fluid F is a compressible fluid such as air, if it is possible to monitor the flow rate of the fluid F flowing out from the side surface of the specimen 1, particularly from the bonding interface over time, the fluid F may be water or the like. As in the case of incompressible fluids such as oil, plot the outflow fluid volume vs. time curve, and plot the tangent line at the time when the rate of increase in the outflow fluid volume, which is considered to correspond to a large amount of outflow, becomes large and almost constant. The elapsed time t at the point where the extension of α intersects the elapsed time axis can be defined as the interlaminar adhesion breakage time.

In addition, an inter-layer adhesion break occurs somewhere in the adhesion interface between the first object layer 2 and the second object layer 3, and part or most of the fluid F leaks out of the test piece 1 from the inter-layer where the adhesion is broken. When it flows out, the pressure near the fluid inlet 6in of the fluid passage 6 drops below the set pressure _P1 . By measuring this pressure drop with a pressure gauge P having a detecting portion arranged in the vicinity of the fluid inlet 6in, it is possible to monitor the interlaminar adhesion breakage. Needless to say, the pressure in the vicinity of the fluid inlet 6in is measured by the pressure gauge P when the fluid F supplied to the fluid inlet 6in is in a pressurized state.

FIG. 8 is an example of a graph showing the relationship between the pressure measured by the pressure gauge P and the elapsed time from the start of the test. As described above, the pressure is measured when the fluid F supplied to the fluid inlet 6in is in a pressurized state. However, in FIG. 8, for convenience, a plurality of discontinuous measurement points are connected and represented as a continuous curve.

As shown in FIG. 8, at the beginning of the test, there was no break in interlayer adhesion at the adhesive interface, which is also the lamination interface, and the pressure in the vicinity of the fluid injection port 6 inches remained at the set pressure _P1 , but there was no break in interlayer adhesion. When this occurs, part of the fluid F supplied toward the fluid ejection port 6out flows out into the adhesive interface or the first object layer 2 or the second object layer 3 through the portion where the interlayer adhesion is broken. , the pressure in the vicinity of the fluid inlet 6in falls below the set pressurization pressure _P1 . As the interlayer adhesion progresses, the flow path resistance for the fluid F flowing out from the fluid ejection port 6out to the adhesive interface or the like rapidly decreases, so the pressure in the vicinity of the fluid inlet 6in also decreases rapidly. After that, even if the debonding between the layers progresses completely, the flow path resistance to the fluid F does not become completely zero, and remains constant at a relatively small pressure value. From the degree of curvature of this pressure-time curve, it is possible to ascertain how the interlaminar adhesion breaks in the test specimen 1 and the passage of time.

Thus, in the interlaminar bond rupture test method according to the present invention, there are many means for monitoring the state of interlaminar bond rupture, and one or more of them are used in combination to monitor the state of interlaminar bond rupture. It is sufficient to monitor and evaluate the performance of the material used to create the specimen.

In addition, after the interlaminar bond breaking test, the tested specimen 1 was cut and destroyed at an appropriate location such as the adhesive interface, and the cut surface and fracture surface were examined to determine the progress and spread of the interlayer bond breakage. It can be observed, recorded, and analyzed visually or as an image. In particular, when the fluid F containing the tracer substance is used in the interlaminar adhesion breaking test, the tracer substance remains in the cut surface or fracture surface of the specimen 1 where the fluid F has passed. It is convenient because it facilitates recording and analysis. Further, even if the fluid used in the interlaminar adhesion breakage test does not contain the tracer substance, after the test, the tracer substance is injected from the fluid inlet 6in of the specimen 1 and passed through the interlaminar adhesion breakage. Alternatively, the specimen 1 may be cut and destroyed at the lamination interface or the like, and the cut surface and fracture surface may be examined.

In the interlaminar adhesion breakage test method described above, the fluid F is supplied to the fluid inlet 6in of _the specimen 1 in a state where the pressure thereof periodically fluctuates. does not necessarily have to cyclically fluctuate between pressurized and unpressurized states, but in some cases, with a constant pressure that does not fluctuate over time, or linearly or curvedly over time. It may be a pressure that increases or decreases likewise. That is, in the interlaminar adhesion failure test method according to the present invention, the pressure _P1 of the fluid F supplied to the fluid inlet 6in is a pressure that periodically changes between the pressurized state and the non-pressurized state. This case is the most basic typical example, but when the pressure _P1 is a constant value, the case where it increases or decreases linearly or curvilinearly with time is also included as a modification. be.

In addition, the interlaminar adhesion failure test method according to the present invention applies fluid pressure to the adhesion interface of two object layers laminated and adhered, and the presence or absence and amount of fluid F flowing out from the two adhered object layers. Furthermore, since it is a test method for monitoring the outflow position, water is used as the fluid F, and is supplied from the fluid inlet 6in toward the fluid outlet 6out in a pressurized state that is constant or periodically fluctuating. When monitoring the outflow to the outside, from a different point of view, it is a water permeability test when water pressure is applied from the inside of two object layers that are bonded directly or via an intervening layer, that is, it is also called an internal pressure permeability test. be able to. That is, in one aspect, the interlayer adhesion breaking test method according to the present invention is also an internal pressure water permeability test method. This also applies to the test apparatus according to the present invention, which will be described later.

Furthermore, in the interlaminar adhesion failure test method according to the present invention, a fluid pressure is applied to the adhesion interface of the two object layers laminated and adhered, and the surface of the two adhered object layers is lifted or cracked. Since the situation is monitored, it is not directly the interlaminar bond that is being tested, but it is also possible that it is a strength test of two laminated body layers or intervening layers under internal fluid pressure. can. In other words, the interlayer adhesion breaking test method according to the present invention has an aspect of being an internal pressure strength test method, and in one aspect, it is also an internal pressure strength test method. This also applies to the test apparatus according to the present invention, which will be described later.

FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of a specimen in another embodiment of the interlaminar adhesion breaking test method according to the present invention, and FIG. 10 shows, for convenience, the specimen shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view for explanation shown in a separated state; In both figures, the same reference numerals are used for the same parts as before.

9 and 10, 12 is the third object layer, 13 is the fourth object layer, and 14 is the intervening layer. It differs from the previously described specimen 1 in that it comprises a third object layer 12 and a fourth object layer 13 which are glued together. That is, the inner side surface _12c1 of the third object layer 12 and the inner side surface 13c1 of the fourth object layer 13 are adhered to each other through the intermediate layer ₁₄ to form an adhesion interface, and the second object layer 3 is the bond formed by the third object layer 12, the intermediate layer 14 and the fourth object layer 13 on its upper surface 3a (which is also the upper surface 12a of the third object layer 12 and the upper surface 13a of the fourth object layer 13) It is bonded to the lower surface 2b of the first object layer 2 with the side end surfaces of the interface exposed.

The side end surface of the adhesive interface between the third object layer 12 and the fourth object layer 13 sandwiching the intermediate layer 4, which is exposed on the upper surface 3a of the second object layer 3, is just the lower surface 2b of the first object layer 2. is located opposite to the fluid ejection port 6out which is open to the outside. In other words, between the first object layer 2 and the second object layer 3 , the adhesive interface exposed on the upper surface 3 a of the second object layer 3 is just the fluid discharge port 6 out opening on the lower surface 2 b of the first object layer 2 . are aligned and adhered to each other so as to face each other. At this time, the region of the lower surface 2b of the first object layer 2 that is adhered to the upper surface 3a of the second object layer 3 is a region that includes the fluid ejection port 6out opening in the lower surface 2b of the first object layer 2. , which is the same as the previous example.

The first object layer 2 and the second object layer 3 may be directly adhered or may be adhered via an appropriate intervening layer. However, in the test method of this example, the adhesion interface between the lower surface 2b of the first object layer 2 and the upper surface 3a of the second object layer 3 is not the interface to be tested, so that the test results are not affected. It should be adhered more firmly to the interface than the interface under test. Epoxy resin-based adhesives, for example, can be used to achieve such strong adhesion. In a preferred embodiment, the lower surface 2b of the first object layer 2 is formed with the upper surface 3a of the second object layer 3 and an epoxy resin-based adhesive as the intervening layer 4 in the area including the fluid ejection port 6out of the lower surface 2b. , are glued together. However, it is desirable that the intervening layer 4 such as an adhesive is not present on the upper surface 3a of the second object layer 3, which faces the fluid ejection port 6out.

In the test method of this example, the adhesion interface between the third object layer 12 and the fourth object layer 13, which are adhered to each other with the intervening layer 14 interposed therebetween, is the adhesion interface for testing the breakage of interlayer adhesion. Therefore, the third object layer 12 and the fourth object layer 13 may be constructed of materials that are expected to constitute the interface under test, or any materials whose properties it is desired to evaluate. For example, when testing the interlaminar adhesion breakage of the adhesive interface between the sidewalk side edge and the asphalt mixture that is joined in close contact with it, either the third object layer 12 or the fourth object layer 13 One may be composed of the covering itself which is assumed to be used, or the same material as the covering, such as concrete, and the other may be constructed of an asphalt mixture which is planned to be used or whose characteristics are desired to be evaluated. The same applies to the intervening layer 14, and appropriate bituminous materials, adhesives, molding joint materials, etc., which are planned to be used or whose properties are desired to be evaluated, may be used singly or in combination.

In addition, when using the test method of this example to test the breakage of interlayer adhesion of construction joints such as paving joints, it is assumed that both the third object layer 12 and the fourth object layer 13 are used. It may consist of an asphalt mixture or an asphalt mixture whose properties are to be evaluated. The same applies to the intervening layer 14, and appropriate bituminous materials, adhesives, molded joint fillers, etc., which are intended to be used in construction joints or whose characteristics are desired to be evaluated, may be used singly or in combination.

FIG. 11 is a conceptual diagram of the state of monitoring for breakage of interlayer adhesion in the test method of this example. As shown in FIG. 11, when the fluid F whose pressure periodically fluctuates is supplied to the fluid inlet 6in, the pressure load Rf in which the pressurized state and the non-pressurized state are cyclically repeated is applied to the first object layer 2. Load is applied to the adhesive interface facing the fluid ejection port 6out opening in the lower surface 2b, that is, the adhesive interface formed by the third object layer 12, the intermediate layer 14, and the fourth object layer 13, and the third object layer 12, the intermediate A force is applied to the adhesion interface between the layer 14 and the fourth object layer 13 to separate the adhered layers from each other. When this pressure load Rf exceeds the interlayer adhesive force at the adhesive interface in an instantaneous value or an integral value, the interlayer adhesive is broken, and a flow Ff of fluid F running vertically along the adhesive interface is generated so as to cut between the layers. . Then, when the flow Ff of the fluid F running in the vertical direction along the adhesive interface reaches the lower surfaces 12b and 13b of the third object layer 12 and the fourth object layer 13, the adhesive interface exposed on the lower surface of the specimen 1 The fluid F will flow out from. Detecting or detecting the outflow of the fluid F from the lower surface of the specimen 1, particularly the outflow of the fluid F from the bonding interface of the third object layer 12, the intervening layer 14, and the fourth object layer 13, and the position thereof. This makes it possible to monitor how the interlayer adhesion breaks.

Fluid F running in the vertical direction along the adhesive interface passes through any portion with weak adhesion or voids in the third object layer 12 or the fourth object layer 13, as shown in FIG. , penetrate into the third object layer 12 or the fourth object layer 13 . The fluid F that has permeated the inside of the third object layer 12 or the fourth object layer 13 flows out from the side surface or the bottom surface of the third object layer 12 or the fourth object layer 13 through gaps or portions with weak adhesion. There is In addition, even if it does not flow out from the side surface or the bottom surface of the third object layer 12 or the fourth object layer 13, depending on the case, the side surface or the bottom surface of the third object layer 12 or the fourth object layer 13 may be partially deformed, May cause cracking.

The outflow of the fluid F from the surface of the third object layer 12 or the fourth object layer 13 or the adhesive interface constituting the specimen 1, the outflow position, and the outflow amount are determined by the flow rate of the fluid F including the arrival of , can be appropriately detected, sensed, and measured by the same means as in the examples described above. Also, in order to facilitate detection and detection, a suitable tracer substance may be mixed with the fluid F, as in the previous examples. Deformation and cracking may also be appropriately detected and detected by the same means as in the above-described examples. In addition, the presence or absence of debonding between layers can also be monitored by measuring the pressure in the vicinity of the fluid inlet 6in. In any case, all the monitoring means and methods described in the previous test method examples can also be used in the test method of this example.

Unlike the test method in the previous example, according to the test method of this example, the joints between the edge of the sidewalk and the pavement layer, the construction joints between the pavement layers, etc., are normally extended in the vertical direction. However, it is possible to test the breakage of interlayer adhesion at the adhesive interface where the side end face is exposed to the pavement surface, and to evaluate the water stoppage of the adhesive interface. This is extremely useful in light of the current situation where permeation of rainwater and the like through construction joints is considered to be one of the causes of shortening the service life of pavements. Also in the test method of this example, the first object layer 2 has the upper surfaces of the third object layer 12 and the fourth object layer 13 including the interface to be tested in the area including the fluid ejection port 6out of the lower surface 2b. Glued. Therefore, the fluid ejection port 6out is closed by the upper surface of the third object layer 12, the exposed surface of the adhesive interface, and the upper surface of the fourth object layer 13, and the fluid is supplied to the fluid ejection port 6out during the test. The advantage is that the fluid pressure load can be efficiently applied to the adhesive interface between the third object layer 12 and the fourth object layer 13 to be tested without pressure loss.

FIG. 12 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of a specimen in still another embodiment of the interlaminar adhesion rupture test method according to the present invention, and FIG. 13 shows the specimen shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing for description shown in the state separated up and down. In both figures, the same reference numerals are used for the same parts as before.

In the test piece 1 of this example, the fifth object layer 15 is adhered to the lower surfaces 12b and 13b of the third object layer 12 and the fourth object layer 13 contained in the second object layer 3 through the intervening layer 16. , in that a second adhesive interface is formed.

The adhesion interface between the third object layer 12 and the fourth object layer 13, and the second adhesion interface formed between the lower surfaces of the third object layer 12 and the fourth object layer 13 and the fifth object layer 15 , and the structure of these continuous adhesive interfaces is similar to the continuous adhesive interface in a general pavement structure consisting of a construction joint and the underlying base layer or roadbed layer or floor slab. Therefore, such a specimen 1 is subjected to the interlaminar adhesion rupture test method according to the present invention, and the interlaminar adhesion rupture at the construction joint is tested by applying a fluid pressure load Rf to the fluid discharge port 6out in the same manner as in the above-described example. It is possible to simultaneously test and evaluate both water stoppage and interlaminar adhesion failure at the adhesion interface between the pavement surface layer and base layer, between the base layer and roadbed layer, and between the base layer and floor slab.

As a material constituting the third object layer 12 and the fourth object layer 13, for example, an asphalt mixture for the surface layer or the base layer can be used. Further, as the material constituting the fifth object layer, for example, an asphalt mixture for the base layer, a roadbed material, or a material constituting the floor slab can be used. Materials constituting the intervening layer 16 include, for example, materials or waterproofing materials that are usually used for adhesion between the surface layer and the base layer, or between the base layer and the roadbed layer or floor slab, and other suitable bitumen materials whose characteristics are desired to be evaluated. materials can be used.

In the inter-layer adhesion rupture test method performed using the specimen 1 of this example, the inter-layer adhesion rupture is monitored when using the specimen 1 shown in FIGS. There is basically no difference from the monitoring of , and it can be performed in the same way using the same equipment and devices.

FIG. 14 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of a specimen in still another embodiment of the interlaminar adhesion rupture test method according to the present invention. The same reference numerals are used for the same parts as before.

Of the third object layer 12 and the fourth object layer 13 included in the second object layer 3, the test object 1 of this example has only the lower surface 13b of the fourth object layer 13 including the intervening layer 14 and the fifth object layer The layer 15 is adhered via an intervening layer 16 to form a second adhesive interface, which is different from the specimen 1 previously described with reference to FIGS. 9 and 10 . Instead of the lower surface 13b of the fourth object layer 13, the fifth object layer 15 may be adhered through the intervening layer 16 only to the lower surface 12b of the third object layer 12 including the intervening layer .

The adhesion interface between the third object layer 12 and the fourth object layer 13, and the second adhesion interface formed between the lower surface 13b of the fourth object layer 13 including the intermediate layer 14 and the fifth object layer 15 It is continuous, and the structure of these continuous adhesive interfaces is a general pavement edge structure consisting of an asphalt mixture layer that is joined in close contact with the ground cover at the end of the sidewalk and the base layer or floor slab below it. It has the same structure as the continuous adhesive interface in . Therefore, by subjecting such a test piece 1 to the interlaminar adhesion breaking test method according to the present invention and supplying the fluid F whose pressure periodically fluctuates to the fluid inlet 6in, the adhesion interface between the lining and the asphalt mixture It is possible to simultaneously test and evaluate both interlaminar bond breakage and water stoppage, and interlaminar bond breakage and water stoppage at the adhesion interface between the pavement surface layer or base layer and the base layer or floor slab. In this case, as the material constituting the third object layer 12, for example, the same concrete as that used for constructing the land guard or the land guard that is actually used can be used. Examples of the material forming the fourth object layer 13 include an asphalt mixture, examples of the material forming the fifth object layer include an asphalt mixture, concrete, or steel plate, and examples of the intermediate layer 16 include A combination of a coating type or sheet type waterproof layer and a primer can be used. In the inter-layer adhesion rupture test method performed using the specimen 1 of this example, the inter-layer adhesion rupture is monitored when using the specimen 1 shown in FIGS. It is needless to say that there is basically no difference from the monitoring of , and similar equipment and devices can be used in the same way.

2. Test Apparatus FIG. 15 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of an interlayer adhesion breaking test apparatus according to the present invention. 1 and 2 are depicted as the specimen 1 in FIG. Needless to say, there is no limitation to what is shown. In FIG. 15, reference numeral 20 denotes an interlaminar adhesion test device, 21 a fluid supply portion, 22 a pressure release portion, and 23 a fluid supply channel. A connection port 23b that connects with the fluid inlet 6in of the specimen 1 is provided. An appropriate connection mechanism such as a screw is provided at the connection port 23b. Reference numeral 24 denotes a flow path switching section, 25 a control device, and 26 a constant temperature chamber having a temperature control function. Both the fluid supply portion 21 and the pressure release portion 22 are connected to the flow path switching portion 24, and the end portion 23a of the fluid supply path 23 opposite to the connection port 23b is also connected to the flow path switching portion 24. ing. G is a mass gauge and P is a pressure gauge. In the illustrated example, the test piece 1 is inside the temperature-controlled room 26 together with the fluid receiver 8, the fluid supply channel 23, the mass gauge G, and the pressure gauge P. , and the pressure gauge P may be located outside the temperature-controlled room 26 .

The fluid supply unit 21 includes, for example, a compressor 21a, a pressure regulator 21b, a fluid tank 21c, a temperature regulator 21d, and a pressure regulator 21e. When the compressor 21a operates to apply a predetermined pressure to the fluid F in the tank 21c, the fluid F is controlled to a predetermined temperature such as 23° C. is adjusted to the pressure P ₁ of , and supplied to the flow path switching portion 24 . It should be noted that the temperature adjustment device 21 is preferably a temperature adjustment device capable of not only heating but also cooling.

In _this example, the fluid supply unit 21 is composed of the devices described above. The configuration and functions of specific devices are not limited to specific ones.

The fluid supply section 21 is connected to a control device 25, and the operation of the fluid supply section 21 is controlled by the control device 25, including setting and changing the pressure _P1 of the fluid F and the temperature of the fluid F.

The flow path switching section 24 can selectively switch between a flow path connecting the fluid supply path 23 and the fluid supply section 21 and a flow path connecting the fluid supply path 23 and the pressure release section 22 . When the fluid supply path 23 is connected to the fluid supply section 21, the fluid supply path 23 is supplied with the fluid F controlled to a predetermined pressure P ₁ and preferably a predetermined temperature from the fluid supply section 21. be. On the other hand, when the fluid supply path 23 is connected to the pressure release portion 22, the pressure load applied to the fluid supply path 23 is released.

In this manner, by selectively and alternately connecting the fluid supply path 23 to either the fluid supply part 21 or the pressure release part 22 by the flow path switching part 24, the fluid F supplied to the fluid supply path 23 is , the pressurized state and the non-pressurized state are alternately repeated. The channel switching unit 24 is connected to the control device 25 and its operation is under the control of the control device 25 . That is, the control device 25 has a function of setting and changing the length of one cycle _T0 that repeats pressurized and non-pressurized states, and the lengths of _{t1 and t2} that constitute one cycle T0. It is configured to be able to supply the fluid F whose pressure periodically fluctuates to the fluid supply path 23 by switching the flow path switching unit 24 at the predetermined timing.

The flow path switching section 24 only needs to be able to switch flow paths so that the fluid supply path 23 is selectively and alternately connected to either the fluid supply section 21 or the pressure release section 22. As long as the path can be switched, there are no particular restrictions on the specific configuration or structure. For example, a switching valve that switches and connects two flow paths, or two or more on-off valves may be used, but the present invention is not limited to this.

The control device 25 is also connected to the mass gauge G and the pressure gauge P, and has means for receiving measurement signals sent from each of them and appropriately storing and analyzing them. In addition, the control device 25 is also connected to a constant temperature room 26, controls the operation of the constant temperature room 26, controls the environmental temperature of the specimen 1, and tests under a desired temperature environment from high temperature to low temperature including room temperature. It is possible to The control device 25 is actually a computer, and can receive commands such as changes, additions, and deletions of control contents as appropriate through an appropriate input/output device (not shown). The results can be output to a printer or screen, or transmitted to other computers on the network at any time or in real time.

The interlaminar adhesion breaking test apparatus 20 according to the present invention may also be equipped with imaging cameras 9a to 9c as shown in FIG. In that case, it goes without saying that devices connected to the imaging cameras 9a to 9c, rangefinder 10, and conduction sensor 11 are connected to the control device 25. FIG.

In order to carry out the interlaminar adhesion rupture test method according to the present invention using the interlaminar adhesion rupture test apparatus shown in FIG. One end 23b is connected to the upper tip of the insertion tube 5 inserted in the first object layer 2 of the specimen 1. FIG. As a result, the fluid supply path 23 is connected to the fluid inlet 6in. In this state, the controller 25 is operated to send the fluid F controlled to a predetermined pressure and temperature from the fluid supply section 21 to the flow path switching section 24 . Prior to this, the control device 25 controls the temperature of the constant temperature room 26 so that the temperature of the specimen 1 reaches a desired test temperature during the test.

The control device 25 controls the operation of the flow path switching section 24 to connect the fluid supply section 21 and the fluid supply path 23 for a predetermined time _t1 , and for the subsequent time _t2 , the pressure is released. The portion 22 and the fluid supply path 23 are connected. In this manner, by controlling the flow path switching unit 24 to switch the flow path at appropriate timing, the fluid F whose pressure periodically fluctuates can be supplied to the fluid inlet 6in and the fluid outlet 6out. A periodically fluctuating fluid pressure load can be applied to the adhesive interface to be tested via the , and interlaminar adhesion breakage and water stoppage at the adhesive interface can be tested. When the pressure _P1 of the fluid F supplied to the fluid inlet 6in is constant, the control device 25 keeps the fluid supply section 21 and the fluid supply path 23 in a constantly connected state during the test. The channel switching unit 24 is controlled as follows. Further, when the pressure _P1 of the fluid F supplied to the fluid inlet 6in increases or decreases linearly or curvilinearly with time, the control device 25 controls the pressure regulator constituting the fluid supply section 21. 21b, 21d, or compressor 21a are so controlled.

3. Method for Creating Specimen Next, a method for creating the specimen 1 will be described. In the following explanation, the case where both the first object layer 2 and the second object layer 3 are constructed using an asphalt mixture will be explained as an example, but the specimen produced by the method for producing a specimen according to the present invention is , needless to say, is not limited to those constructed using an asphalt mixture.

First, a first asphalt mixture constituting a first object layer is paved in a formwork having a predetermined length, width and height to construct a first object layer having a predetermined planar shape and thickness. The predetermined planar shape is, for example, a rectangle or square having a predetermined vertical length and horizontal length, but is not limited to this, and may be another polygon, circle, or ellipse. FIG. 16 shows a vertical section through the constructed first object layer 2 .

Next, a hole h is bored through the first object layer 2 substantially perpendicularly in the thickness direction at substantially the center of the planar shape of the constructed first object layer 2 to form the hole h. This drilling can be performed using appropriate tools and machine tools such as drills and drill presses. FIG. 17 shows a vertical section through the first object layer 2 perforated with holes h. When a plurality of fluid passages 6 are provided in the specimen 1, it is a matter of course that a plurality of holes are drilled according to the number of the fluid passages 6 in which the holes h are provided.

Next, the hollow insertion tube 5 is inserted and fixed in the drilled hole h. When inserting and fixing, an appropriate adhesive such as epoxy resin is applied to the outer periphery of the insertion tube 5 so that no gap remains between the outer periphery of the insertion tube 5 and the inner periphery of the hole h. It is preferable that the outer circumference of the insertion tube 5 and the inner circumference of the hole h are filled without a gap. If a gap remains between the outer circumference of the insertion tube 5 and the inner circumference of the hole h, the pressurized fluid may blow out to the upper part of the first object layer 2 through the gap, which is preferable. do not have. In addition, when the hole h is drilled in the first object layer 2, the periphery of the hole h on the upper surface or the lower surface of the first object layer 2 may be partially chipped or cracked. , After inserting and fixing the insertion tube 5 in the hole h, the chipped corners and cracks are repaired using epoxy resin or the like. At least one end of the insertion tube 5 is provided in advance with a connection portion 5c that can be connected to a connection mechanism provided at one end 23b of the fluid supply path 23, which corresponds to the external conduit. 18 is a vertical sectional view of the first object layer 2 showing how the insertion tube 5 is inserted into the hole h of the first object layer 2 and fixed, and FIG. 19 is an insertion tube 5 inserted into the hole h and fixed. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a first object layer 2 which has been folded; FIG. A fluid passage 6 is secured inside the hollow inside of the insertion tube 5 . In the figure, the upper end of the insertion tube 5 corresponds to the fluid inlet 6in, and the lower end corresponds to the fluid outlet 6out.

Next, the first object layer 2 having the insertion tube 5 constructed as described above is turned upside down, and a tack coat is applied as an intervening layer 4 on the turned up side. FIG. 20 shows a state in which a tack cord is applied to the upper side of the inverted first object layer 2 in this way to form an intervening layer 4 .

While the state shown in FIG. In order to prevent clogging of the hollow inside of the insertion tube 5, a mesh sheet 31 made of fine metal wires such as stainless steel is placed on the upper part of the opening of the insertion tube 5 so as to cover the opening before pavement. It is preferably placed and then paving with a second asphalt mixture. When laying the second asphalt mixture, it is of course necessary to install a formwork having a predetermined planar shape and thickness on the part where the second object layer 3 is to be constructed, and then lay the second asphalt mixture. be.

FIG. 21 shows a state in which a mesh sheet 31 is installed so as to cover the opening of the insertion tube 5, and FIG. 22 shows a state in which the second asphalt mixture is paved thereon to construct the second object layer 3 FIG. 10 shows. As can be seen in FIG. 22, since the upper opening of the insertion tube 5 is covered with the mesh sheet 31, even if the second object layer 3 is constructed, the fluid passage 6 in the insertion tube 5 is secured. there is

After the construction of the second object layer 3, the whole may be turned upside down again. FIG. 23 is a vertical sectional view of the specimen 1 produced as described above. As can be seen in the figure, the insertion tube 5 has, at the end opposite to the side on which the second object layer is laminated, a connecting portion 5c that connects with a fluid supply channel 23 corresponding to an external channel.

In the above description, the layer of the tack coat was constructed as the intervening layer 4 before constructing the second object layer 3, but from the viewpoint of the purpose of the test, if the intervening layer 4 is unnecessary, the intervening layer 4 Of course, the second object layer 3 may be constructed directly on the first object layer 2 without constructing the . However, even in that case, it is preferable to cover the opening of the insertion tube 5 with the mesh sheet 31 prior to laying the second asphalt mixture forming the second object layer 3 .

Further, in the above description, both the first object layer 2 and the second object layer 3 are constructed with an asphalt mixture, but either one or both of the first object layer 2 and the second object layer 3 are cast with concrete. Alternatively, it may be constructed by placing and adhering concrete slabs or steel slabs cut to a predetermined size in advance. Further, the intervening layer 4 may be constructed using a waterproof material whose characteristics are desired to be investigated instead of the tack coat, or may be constructed using an appropriate adhesive material.

The method for producing the specimen 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 has been described above, but the specimen 1 shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 may be produced in the same manner. That is, a hole h is bored in the first object layer 12, the insertion tube 5 is inserted into the hole h and fixed, the intervening layer 4 is applied thereon, and the opening of the insertion tube 5 is covered with a mesh sheet 31. After covering, the second object layer 3 can be built up. However, in the specimen 1 shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, it is preferable that the bonding interface between the first object layer 2 and the second object layer 3 is not the interface to be tested but is relatively strongly bonded. As the intervening layer 4, instead of a tack coat or a waterproof material, a material that relatively strongly bonds the first object layer 2 and the second object layer 3, such as an epoxy resin adhesive, is used.

In addition, in the specimen 1 shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the second object layer 3 is not a single material layer, but the third object layer 12 and the fourth object layer 13 are bonded via the intervening layer 14. 9 and 10 is different from the method for producing the specimen 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 in this respect as well. That is, after applying an adhesive such as epoxy resin to the lower surface 2b (the upper surface in FIG. 20) of the first object layer 2, the opening of the insertion tube 5 is covered with a mesh sheet 31, and the fluid ejection port is About half of the opening of the insertion tube 5, which is 6out, is left open with a partition plate erected and an appropriate formwork installed, leaving about half of the opening of the insertion tube 5 open. On the side, the asphalt mixture that constitutes the third object layer 12 is paved. After an appropriate hardening and curing time, the partition plate is removed to expose the side surface of the third object layer 12, an appropriate intervening layer 14 is applied to the exposed side surface, and then an appropriate formwork is installed. , the asphalt mixture constituting the fourth object layer 13 is laid. As a result, the second object layer 3 including the adhesion interface where the third object layer 12 and the fourth object layer 13 are adhered via the intervening layer 14, and the specimen 1 where the first object layer 2 is adhered are obtained. created. In the above description, both the third object layer 12 and the fourth object layer 13 are constructed using an asphalt mixture. Of course, either one or both of 13 may be made of a material other than an asphalt mixture, such as concrete.

Furthermore, when fabricating the specimen 1 shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, the third object layer 12 and the fourth object layer 12 are placed on the first object layer 2 (upper side in FIG. 20) as described above. After constructing the second object layer 3 including the adhesion interface in which the layer 13 is adhered via the intervening layer 14, the intervening layer 16 is further interposed on the constructed second object layer 3 to form the second object layer 3. A five-object layer 15 may be constructed. In the case of the specimen 1 shown in FIG. 14, too, the fifth object layer 15 is built only on the third object layer 12 and the intermediate layer 14, or the fourth object layer 13 and the intermediate layer 14 There is no fundamental difference in how they are created, only on how they are built. The materials forming the second object layer 12, the third object layer 13, and the fifth object layer 15, and the materials forming the intermediate layer 14 or 16 are as described above.

As described above, according to the interlaminar adhesion failure test method and test apparatus of the present invention, interlaminar adhesion failure of structures having an adhesive structure such as pavement and construction joints can be performed at the laboratory level without depending on the actual work. can be reproduced and tested. In order to extend the service life of paved roads and bridge pavements, which are extremely important social infrastructures, the interlaminar adhesion breaking test method and test apparatus of the present invention are extremely useful means, and their industrial application. The possibilities are truly numerous.

REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 specimen 2 first object layer 3 second object layer 4, 14, 16 intervening layer 5 insertion tube 6 fluid passage 7 tire 8 fluid receiver 9a, 9b, 9c imaging camera 10 rangefinder 11 conduction sensor 12 third object layer REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 13 Fourth object layer 15 Fifth object layer 20 Interlaminar bond severance testing device 21 Fluid supply unit 22 Pressure release unit 23 Fluid supply path 24 Flow path switching unit 25 Controller 26 Thermostatic chamber 31 Mesh sheet G Mass meter P Pressure gauge

Claims (11)

1. A method for testing interlaminar bond breakage at a bond interface of two object layers bonded directly or via an intervening layer, comprising the steps of:
applying a fluid pressure load to the adhesive interface of the two article layers to be tested;
monitoring the debonding behavior of the adhesive interface under fluid pressure load;
The step of applying the fluid pressure load is a first object layer having a hollow insertion tube penetrating inside thereof, one end of the insertion tube opening as a fluid discharge port on the lower surface of the first object layer, and the other end of the insertion tube. uses the first object layer that is open to the outer surface of the first object layer as a fluid inlet, and replaces the area that includes the fluid outlet on the lower surface of the first object layer with the upper surface of the second object layer by supplying a fluid from the fluid injection port toward the fluid ejection port in a state of being bonded directly or via an intervening layer,
The adhesion interface between the lower surface of the first object layer and the upper surface of the second object layer is the interface to be tested;
Interlayer bond breaking test method. 1. A method for testing interlaminar bond breakage at a bond interface of two object layers bonded directly or via an intervening layer, comprising the steps of:
applying a fluid pressure load to the adhesive interface of the two article layers to be tested;
monitoring the debonding behavior of the adhesive interface under fluid pressure load;
The step of applying the fluid pressure load is a first object layer having a hollow insertion tube penetrating inside thereof, one end of the insertion tube opening as a fluid discharge port on the lower surface of the first object layer, and the other end of the insertion tube. uses the first object layer that is open to the outer surface of the first object layer as a fluid inlet, and replaces the area that includes the fluid outlet on the lower surface of the first object layer with the upper surface of the second object layer by supplying a fluid from the fluid injection port toward the fluid ejection port in a state of being bonded directly or via an intervening layer,
The second object layer includes a bonding interface between a third object layer and a fourth object layer that are bonded directly or via an intervening layer, and a region of the first object layer that includes the fluid ejection port is defined as the The adhesion interface between the third object layer and the fourth object layer, which is exposed at a position facing the fluid ejection port while being adhered to the upper surface of the second object layer, is defined as an interface to be tested.
Interlayer bond breaking test method. The second object layer is an adhesion interface between the third object layer and/or the fourth object layer and a fifth object layer directly or via an intervening layer, wherein the third object layer and the a second adhesive interface continuous with the adhesive interface of the fourth object layer, wherein the second adhesive interface in addition to the adhesive interface of the third object layer and the fourth object layer is the interface to be tested; 3. The interlaminar adhesion breaking test method according to claim 2. 4. An interlaminar adhesion failure test method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the pressure of said fluid supplied to said fluid inlet periodically fluctuates between a pressurized state and a non-pressurized state. The interlayer according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the temperature of the fluid supplied to the fluid inlet is controlled and/or the interface under test is located in a temperature-controlled environment. Debonding test method. The step of monitoring the breakage of interlayer adhesion at the adhesive interface to which the fluid pressure load is applied includes monitoring the outflow amount and/or the outflow position of the fluid flowing out from the outer peripheral surface of the object layer forming the interface to be tested. , detecting the arrival of the fluid to a preset position, measuring the fluid pressure near the fluid inlet, measuring the amount of deformation of the outer peripheral surface of the object layer forming the interface to be tested, or the object forming the interface to be tested A debonding test method according to any one of claims 1 to 5 carried out by monitoring layer cracking, or two or more thereof. An interlaminar adhesion failure test method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the fluid supplied toward the fluid outlet contains a tracer substance. At least one of the object layers forming the interface to be tested is a layer constructed using an asphalt mixture, and the intermediate layer is a tack coat layer, a prime coat layer, a joint material layer, or a waterproof material layer The interlayer adhesion breaking test method according to any one of claims 1 to 7. A fluid supply unit that supplies fluid at a set predetermined pressure, a pressure release unit, a hollow insertion tube having a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet, and a connection port that connects to the fluid inlet of the insertion tube. a fluid supply path having one end; a flow path switching section selectively connecting the other end of the fluid supply path to either the fluid supply section or the pressure release section; and controlling the operation of the flow path switching section. An interlaminar adhesion failure test apparatus comprising a control device and a monitoring means for monitoring the interlaminar adhesion failure state of an adhesive interface to be tested. The monitoring means monitors the outflow amount and/or the outflow position of the fluid flowing out from the outer peripheral surface of the object layer forming the adhesive interface to be tested, and the fluid arranged at a preset position. Arrival detection means, means for measuring the pressure of the fluid near the fluid inlet, means for measuring the amount of deformation of the object layer forming the adhesion interface to be tested, or the object layer forming the adhesion interface to be tested 10. An interlaminar adhesion failure testing device according to claim 9, which is means for detecting cracks in the layer, or two or more of the above means. The fluid supply comprises a temperature control device for controlling the temperature of the fluid to be supplied and/or comprises a temperature control device for controlling the ambient temperature of the object layer forming the adhesive interface to be tested. 11. The interlaminar adhesion breaking test device according to claim 9 or 10.

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