JP2022016354A - Delamination test method, test device and method for creating specimen - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a test method for testing delamination on the adhesive interface of two object layers, and a test device.SOLUTION: Provided are a delamination test method, and a test device. The delamination test method comprises: a step of applying a fluid pressure load to an adhesive interface of two object layers to be tested by supplying fluid from a fluid injection port to a fluid discharge port in a state where the region of a lower surface of a first object layer including the fluid discharge port is adhered to an upper surface of a second object layer directly or via an intervening layer, using the first object layer with a hollow insertion pipe penetrating inside, the hollow insertion pipe having one end open to the lower surface of the first object layer as the fluid discharge port, and the other end open to the outer surface of the first object layer as the fluid injection port; and a step of monitoring the state of delamination of the adhesive interface under the fluid pressure load.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 15

Description

The present invention relates to an interlayer adhesion breakage test method and a test apparatus, and a method for preparing an specimen used in the interlayer adhesion breakage test method or the test apparatus.

Prolonging the life of asphalt pavement is an unavoidable issue in maintaining the soundness of transportation infrastructure, and daily research and efforts are being made to elucidate the causes that hinder the long life and to take countermeasures. In recent years, it has been pointed out that the quality of adhesiveness between construction layers is an important factor in extending the life of asphalt pavement.

Generally, a tack coat containing asphalt emulsion is used for adhesion between construction layers, but when a road with damage such as cracks on the road surface is actually excavated and investigated, it is especially found in the tire passage part of the vehicle. Between the surface layer and the base layer, or between the base layer and the stable-treated roadbed layer, the adhesive effect between the layers disappears, and the upper and lower layers are horizontally separated at the interface, that is, the layers are in a state of being cut off. Is frequently confirmed. This suggests that the tack coat applied for interlayer adhesion is not functioning well.

There are various possible causes for delamination, but one of the major causes is the presence of cracks on the road surface and rainwater that infiltrates through construction seams. That is, when water such as rainwater infiltrated from cracks on the road surface or construction seams passes through the surface layer and reaches the tack coat at the interface with the base layer, for example, the penetration into the lower layer is hindered. May stay in the field. In that state, for example, when the stagnant water is repeatedly loaded in the vertical direction due to the weight load of a vehicle passing on the road surface, the pressurized water runs horizontally along the interface with the lower layer. As a result, it is considered that the interlayer adhesion is broken and the interlayer adhesion is broken.

Conventionally, various methods have been proposed as methods for testing the adhesive force between two adhesive layers, for example, as shown in Patent Documents 1 to 3, and road pavement is also described in, for example, Non-Patent Document 1. There are known tensile adhesion tests and shear tests, but in each of these tests, when a load is repeatedly applied from above in the presence of water between the layers, the pressurized water cuts between the layers. It is not a test to evaluate the interlayer adhesion breakage caused by this. In addition, it is not a test for evaluating the interlaminar adhesion breakage and water stoppage of the construction seam, which is one of the routes for water to permeate into the layers. As far as the present inventors know, a method and an apparatus for testing the interlayer adhesion breakage generated by the pressurized water cutting between the layers and the interlayer adhesion breakage at the construction seam have not been proposed yet.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2006-300549 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2016-29346 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2017-21592

"Road Bridge Deck Waterproof Handbook", edited and published by Japan Road Association, March 2007, pp. 128-134

In the present invention, the interlayer adhesion is cut off, which is considered to be important for extending the life of the pavement, that is, the load is repeatedly applied from above in a state where water is present between the layers of the adhesive interface of the two material layers laminated one above the other. Delamination break test method and test to evaluate the interlayer adhesion breakage that occurs when pressurized water cuts between layers and the interlayer adhesion breakage that occurs at construction joints such as asphalt mixture joints. It is an object of the present invention to provide an apparatus and a method for producing a specimen used for the test.

As a result of intensive research and trial and error in order to solve the above problems, the present inventors apply a water pressure that fluctuates periodically to the bonding interface of the two bonded object layers, for example, to stack them vertically. In the state where water is present at the interface of the paved body, the state when a repeated load is applied due to the passage of a vehicle, and the penetrating force of rainwater etc. received by the construction seam where the adhesive interface is exposed on the paving surface are as events. It is possible to reproduce at the laboratory level, and it is possible to evaluate the quality of the adhesiveness at the adhesive interface between two object layers bonded to each other at a satisfactory level, and to be able to test the delamination. I found. The present inventors have made further research efforts, and the main body of the pressure that fluctuates periodically is not limited to water, but other incompressible fluids and compressible fluids such as air may be used, and the test object. It has been found that the pavement structure is the most typical as a physical object, but it is not necessarily limited to the pavement structure and can be generally applied to two object layers bonded directly or via an intervening layer.

That is, the present invention is a method for testing the interlayer adhesion breakage at the bonding interface of two object layers bonded directly or via an intervening layer, and the fluid pressure is applied to the bonding interface of the two object layers to be tested. The first step of applying the fluid pressure load is to penetrate the hollow insertion tube inside, including the step of applying the load and the step of monitoring the state of the interlayer adhesion of the bonding interface to which the fluid pressure load is applied. A first object that is an object layer and one end of the insertion tube is open to the lower surface of the first object layer as a fluid discharge port and the other end is an opening to the outer surface of the first object layer as a fluid injection port. Using a layer, the region including the fluid discharge port on the lower surface of the lower surface of the first object layer is adhered to the upper surface of the second object layer directly or via an intervening layer, and the fluid discharge port is used. By providing an interlayer adhesion breakage test method, which is performed by supplying a fluid toward an outlet, and the adhesion interface between the lower surface of the first object layer and the upper surface of the second object layer is the test target interface. It solves the above problems.

Further, the present invention is a method for testing the interlayer adhesion breakage at the bonding interface of two object layers bonded directly or via an intervening layer, and the fluid pressure is applied to the bonding interface of the two object layers to be tested. The first step of applying the fluid pressure load is to penetrate the hollow insertion tube inside, including the step of applying the load and the step of monitoring the state of the interlayer adhesion of the bonding interface to which the fluid pressure load is applied. A first object that is an object layer and one end of the insertion tube is open to the lower surface of the first object layer as a fluid discharge port and the other end is an opening to the outer surface of the first object layer as a fluid injection port. Using a layer, the region including the fluid discharge port on the lower surface of the first object layer is adhered to the upper surface of the second object layer directly or via an intervening layer, and the fluid discharge port is used. This is done by feeding fluid towards the outlet, the second object layer comprising a bonding interface between the third and fourth object layers bonded directly or via an intervening layer, said first. The adhesion between the third object layer and the fourth object layer exposed at a position facing the fluid discharge port in a state where the region including the fluid discharge port of the object layer is adhered to the upper surface of the second object layer. The above-mentioned problems are solved by providing an interlayer adhesion breakage test method in which an interface is used as a test target interface.

Further, the present invention comprises a fluid supply unit that supplies a fluid at a set predetermined pressure, a pressure release unit, a hollow insertion tube having a fluid injection port and a fluid discharge port, and the fluid injection port of the insertion tube. A fluid supply path having a connection port at one end, a flow path switching section that selectively connects the other end of the fluid supply path to either the fluid supply section or the pressure release section, and the flow path switching section. A device that solves the above-mentioned problems by providing a control device for controlling the operation of a unit and a monitoring means for monitoring the state of delamination of the adhesive interface to be tested. Is.

In a preferred embodiment, the monitoring means is a means for monitoring the outflow amount and / or the outflow position of the fluid flowing out from the outer peripheral surface of the object layer forming the adhesive interface to be tested, at a preset position. Arranged means for detecting the arrival of the fluid, means for measuring the pressure of the fluid in the vicinity of the fluid injection port, means for measuring the amount of deformation of the object layer forming the adhesion interface to be tested, or adhesion to be tested. Two or more of the means for detecting cracks in the object layer forming the interface, or the above-mentioned means.

Further, the present invention is a step of constructing a first object layer having a predetermined planar shape and thickness, a hole that penetrates the first object layer substantially perpendicularly in the thickness direction at a substantially center of the first object layer. A drilling step, a step of inserting and fixing a hollow insertion tube into the hole, and constructing a second object layer directly or via an intervening layer on one surface of the first object layer orthogonal to the hole. The insertion tube comprises a step of adhering the first object layer and the second object layer directly or via an intervening layer, and the insertion tube is attached to an end portion opposite to the side to which the second object layer is adhered. The above problem is solved by providing a method for creating a specimen having a connection portion connected to an external pipeline.

According to the interlayer adhesion breakage test method and test apparatus of the present invention, for example, the phenomenon of interlayer adhesion breakage in a pavement structure can be reproduced at the laboratory level and the degree of interlayer adhesion breakage can be evaluated, so that various types of pavement can be evaluated. Various changes are made to the types and characteristics of the materials used for the structure, and the types and characteristics of tack coats, waterproofing materials, joint materials, etc. that are interposed between the layers are changed, and the effects of these on the interlaminar adhesion breakage are implemented. The advantage is that it can be tested and evaluated in the laboratory without depending on the pavement. Further, according to the method for producing a specimen of the present invention, there is an advantage that the specimen used for the interlayer adhesion breakage test method and the test apparatus of the present invention can be accurately and easily produced.

It is sectional drawing of an example of the specimen used in the interlayer adhesion breakage test method of this invention. It is sectional drawing for explanation for explanation of the specimen shown in FIG. It is schematic cross-sectional view which shows the state of the fluid supplied to the fluid inlet of the specimen, and the pressure load applied to the adhesive interface by it. It is a time-pressure fluctuation diagram. It is a schematic diagram which shows the state of the change of the pressure load by the passage of a vehicle. It is a conceptual diagram which shows the means of various monitoring. It is a graph which shows the relationship of the outflow fluid amount-time. It is a graph which shows the pressure-time relationship in the vicinity of a fluid inlet. It is sectional drawing of another example of the specimen used in the interlayer adhesion breakage test method of this invention. FIG. 9 is an explanatory cross-sectional view of the specimen shown in FIG. It is schematic cross-sectional view which shows the state of the fluid supplied to the fluid inlet of the specimen, and the pressure load applied to the adhesive interface by it. It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of another example of the specimen used in the interlayer adhesion breakage test method of this invention. It is explanatory cross-sectional view of the specimen shown in FIG. It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of another example of the specimen used in the interlayer adhesion breakage test method of this invention. It is a conceptual diagram which shows an example of the interlayer adhesion breakage test apparatus which concerns on this invention. It is a figure explaining the method of making a specimen. It is a figure explaining the method of making a specimen. It is a figure explaining the method of making a specimen. It is a figure explaining the method of making a specimen. It is a figure explaining the method of making a specimen. It is a figure explaining the method of making a specimen. It is a figure explaining the method of making a specimen. It is a figure explaining the method of making a specimen.

Hereinafter, the method for testing the interlayer adhesion and the test apparatus according to the present invention and the method for producing a specimen will be described in detail with reference to the drawings, but it goes without saying that the present invention is not limited to the one shown in the figure. ..

1. 1. Test Method FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of a specimen to which the interlayer adhesion breakage test method according to the present invention is targeted in one preferred embodiment thereof. In FIG. 1, 1 is a specimen, 2 is a first object layer, 3 is a second object layer, and 4 is an intervening layer. The first object layer 2 and the second object layer 3 are laminated and adhered in the vertical direction in the drawing via the intervening layer 4, and the specimen 1 is formed. Reference numeral 5 denotes a hollow insertion tube having both ends open, which is inserted and fixed in a hole vertically penetrating the first object layer 2. A fluid passage 6 is formed inside the insertion tube 5. The insertion tube 5 is a liquid-tight or airtight hollow tube whose wall surface is made of a material that does not allow fluid to pass through.

In this example, the first object layer 2 and the second object layer 3 which are in a state of being bonded to each other with the intervening layer 4 interposed therebetween are objects to be tested for delamination at the bonding interface, and are to be tested. It is composed of appropriate materials according to the above. For example, when testing the delamination at the bonding interface between two laminated object layers of a pavement structure, the first object layer 2 is generally a material constituting the surface layer of the pavement, that is, aggregate and asphalt, etc. The second object layer 3 is generally composed of a material constituting the base layer of the pavement, that is, for pavement for the base layer including an aggregate and a binder such as alfalt. Consists of a mixture. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, the first object layer 2 is made of a material constituting the base layer of the pavement, and the second object layer 3 is made of a material constituting the roadbed of the pavement, for example, stabilized. It may be composed of a roadbed material. Further, the first object layer 2 is composed of a pavement material constituting the surface layer or the base layer, the second object layer 3 is composed of a material constituting a concrete deck or a steel deck, and both are appropriately bonded materials. And / or a waterproof material or the like may be interposed as the intervening layer 4 to be laminated and adhered to form the specimen 1. Further, both the first object layer 2 and the second object layer 3 may be prepared by placing concrete or cutting a concrete slab to an appropriate size.

The same applies to the intervening layer 4, which is made of an appropriate material depending on the object to be tested for interlayer adhesion breakage. For example, in the case of testing the interlayer adhesion breakage at the layered adhesion interface between the surface layer / base layer or the base layer / roadbed layer, a tack coat containing an asphalt emulsion or the like constitutes the intervening layer 4, and the surface layer or the base layer and the floor slab are formed. When testing the breakage of the interlayer adhesion at the laminated interface between the layers, a waterproof material or an adhesive material usually used for waterproofing the deck slab constitutes the intervening layer 4.

The intervening layer 4 is necessary when testing the delamination between the first object layer 2 and the second object layer 3 in a state where the intervening layer 4 is interposed and laminated and adhered, but the intervening layer 4 is required. Needless to say, it is not necessary when testing the delamination of the first object layer 2 and the second object layer 3 in a state of being laminated and adhered without intervening. Further, the intervening layer 4 does not necessarily have to exist over the entire adhesive surface between the first object layer 2 and the second object layer 3, and there may be a portion where the intervening layer 4 does not intervene. Further, the intervening layer 4 may be composed of a plurality of layers.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory cross-sectional view showing the specimen 1 shown in FIG. 1 in a state of being separated into upper and lower parts for each of the constituent layers for convenience. The same members as in FIG. 1 are designated by the same reference numerals. In FIG. 2, 2a, 2b, and 2c indicate the upper surface, the lower surface, and the side surface of the first object layer 2, respectively, and 3a, 3b, and 3c indicate the upper surface, the lower surface, and the side surface of the second object layer 3, respectively.

As can be seen in FIG. 2, the hollow insertion tube 5 having the fluid passage 6 inside has an upper end opening as a fluid injection port 6in to the upper surface 2a which is the outer surface of the first object layer 2, and the lower end thereof is a fluid discharge port. It is open to the lower surface 2b of the first object layer 2 as 6out. The lower surface 2b of the first object layer 2 is adhered to the upper surface 3a of the second object layer 3 via the intervening layer 4. The lower surface 2b of the first object layer 2 does not necessarily have to be adhered to the upper surface 3a of the second object layer 3 in the entire area thereof, but at least in the region including the fluid discharge port 6out which is the opening of the insertion tube 5. , It is necessary that it is adhered to the upper surface 3a of the second object layer 3. The region including the fluid discharge port 6out of the lower surface 2b means the region of the lower surface 2b including the fluid discharge port 6out inside the region, and the region of the lower surface 2b surrounding the entire circumference of the fluid discharge port 6out. means. When the first object layer 2 is adhered to the upper surface 3a of the second object layer 3 in the region including the fluid discharge port 6out on the lower surface 2b, the fluid discharge port 6out is the upper surface or the first surface of the intervening layer 4. (2) Since the upper surface 3a of the object layer 3 is closed, the adhesive interface to be tested, that is, the first object, is the fluid pressure load supplied to the fluid discharge port 6out at the time of test execution without pressure loss. There is an advantage that it can efficiently act on the adhesive interface formed between the lower surface 2b of the layer 2 and the upper surface of the intervening layer 4, or between the lower surface 2b of the first object layer 2 and the upper surface 3a of the second object layer 3. Be done.

In the illustrated example, the fluid passage 6 is a linear passage that vertically penetrates the first object layer 2, but it does not necessarily have to be a passage that vertically penetrates the first object layer 2. It may be substantially vertical, or it may be a passage inclined diagonally from vertical. Further, the fluid passage 6 may be a hook type in which a plurality of straight lines are combined, or a partially or wholly curved passage. Further, the fluid injection port 6in may be opened on the outer surface of the first object layer 2, not necessarily on the upper surface 2a, but may be open on the side surface 2c. Further, the number of fluid passages 6 is not limited to one per specimen, and two or more fluid passages 6 may be provided so as to penetrate the first object layer 2. However, from the viewpoint of ease of preparation, the fluid passage 6 opens in the upper surface 2a of the first object layer 2 and penetrates the first object layer 2 vertically or substantially vertically with one or more passages. Is desirable. Since the fluid passage 6 is formed inside the insertion tube 5, all the above with respect to the fluid passage 6 also applies to the insertion tube 5.

Next, the interlayer adhesion breakage test method according to the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to FIGS. 3 to 6. The interlayer adhesion breakage test method according to the present invention is carried out by using the specimen 1 described above and supplying a fluid whose pressure fluctuates periodically from the outside to the fluid inlet 6in.

That is, as shown by the downward arrow in the center of FIG. 3, when the fluid F is supplied to the fluid injection port 6in of the first object layer 2 while periodically changing its pressure, the supplied fluid F is inserted. It passes through the fluid passage 6 in the pipe 5 and heads toward the fluid discharge port 6out that is open to the lower surface 2b of the first object layer 2, where the intervening layer 4 or the second layer is in an adhesive state with the lower surface 2b of the first object layer 2. It collides with the two-object layer 3 and further progress is hindered. Therefore, a pressurized state and a non-pressurized state are periodically formed at the adhesive interface between the lower surface 2b of the first object layer 2 and the upper surface 3a of the second object layer 3 directly or via the intervening layer 4. The pressure load Rf due to the fluid F that is repeated is applied. At this time, the fluid passage 6 is surrounded by the insertion pipe 5, and includes the fluid discharge port 6out which is the lower end of the insertion pipe 5, and surrounds the entire circumference of the fluid discharge port 6out. Is bonded to the upper surface 3a of the second object layer 3 directly or via the intervening layer 4, so that the pressure load Rf from the fluid discharge port 6out is efficient at the bonding interface to be tested without wasteful loss. It will be loaded well.

FIG. 4 is a time-pressure fluctuation diagram showing an example of a periodically fluctuating pressure applied to a fluid F supplied from the outside. As shown in FIG. 4, the fluid F has a pressure P ₁ (MPa) from the start of one cycle to t ₁ second, where one cycle of repetition is T ₀ seconds (however, P ₁ is a positive value that is not 0). Is in a pressurized state to which is applied, and is in a non-pressurized state in which the applied pressure becomes ₀ (MPa) for the subsequent t2 seconds. In this way, a pressure that periodically fluctuates between the pressurized state and the non-pressurized state is applied to the fluid F.

Incidentally, the value of P ₁ which is the pressure at the time of pressurization may be determined in consideration of the actual pressure load condition at the time of operation of the object to be tested. For example, when the test object is a pavement, the pressure P is described in "Road Bridge Floor Waterproof Handbook", edited and published by Nippon Road Association, March 2007, pp. 117-121. For example, 0.5 MPa is mentioned as a suitable one pressure with reference to the pressurizing conditions arbitrarily adopted when carrying out the waterproof property test II. However, it is not limited to this. Further, the pressure applied to the fluid in the non-pressurized state is usually 0 and preferably 0, but it does not have to be completely 0, and the pressure is a finite value smaller than the pressure P at the time of pressurization. May be added. It is preferable that the switching from the pressure P1 to the pressure ₀ and the switching from the pressure ₀ to the pressure P1 are performed almost instantaneously, but due to the characteristics of the operation of the device that realizes the periodic pressure fluctuation, the switching is slightly performed. May be accompanied by a time lag.

In addition, the length of one cycle (T ₀ seconds) and the ratio of the pressurization time t ₁ and the non-pressurization time t ₂ during one cycle (T ₀ seconds) are also the actual pressure load during operation of the object to be tested. It should be decided in consideration of the situation. For example, when the test object is a paved body, as shown in FIG. 5, during operation, the vehicle weight is shared and carried on the upper surface 2a of the first object layer 2 according to the assumed traffic classification. The tires 7 have passed one after another, and a pressure load Pv is applied to the water W that stays on the adhesive interface each time it passes, so that the pressurized state and the non-pressurized state are alternately repeated in a relatively short cycle. Will be. However, in the test method of the present invention, it is not always necessary to faithfully reflect this actual situation, and in consideration of the operating speed and response speed of various devices used in the test device, T ₀ , t ₁ , t ₂ should be set. For example, one cycle of T ₀ seconds is 1 second, and the ratio of pressurization time t ₁ to non-pressurization time t ₂ is 3: 7 (that is, t ₁ = 0.3 seconds, t ₂ = 0.7). Seconds) is a preferable example, but is not limited to this.

In evaluating the test results, it is desirable that the pressure P ₁ is constant during the test, but when testing the delamination when the pressure P ₁ fluctuates during pressurization, the pressure P ₁ is being tested. Of course, it may be changed to. The same applies to the length of T ₀ seconds, which is one cycle, and the ratio of the pressurizing time t ₁ to the non-pressurized time t ₂ during T ₀ seconds. Basically, the length of T ₀ seconds and T ₀ It is desirable that the ratio of the pressurizing time t ₁ and the non-pressurizing time t ₂ in seconds is constant during the test, but it should be changed in consideration of the state of the pressure load during actual operation of the target specimen. Is voluntary.

There is no particular limitation on the type of fluid F to be used, and it may be appropriately selected according to the purpose of the test, and may be a compressible fluid such as air or an incompressible fluid such as water or oil. Is also good. For example, when investigating the influence of rainwater or the like that permeates the pavement and stays on the laminated surface, water, which is an incompressible fluid, is used as the fluid F. Further, when investigating the influence of air or the like remaining on the adhesive interface during laminating, air which is a compressible fluid is used as the fluid F. It is preferable to add and mix a tracer substance such as a fluorescent tracer substance, a color-developing tracer substance, a radioactive tracer substance, a dye, and a dye to the fluid F in order to facilitate monitoring described later. Instead of adding and mixing the tracer substance to the fluid F, the tracer substance may be injected into the insertion tube 5 from the fluid injection port 6in.

The fluid F is preferably supplied to the fluid inlet 6in in a temperature-controlled state. Thereby, for example, when testing the delamination in the summer, the fluid F such as water may be supplied to the fluid inlet 6in in a state where the temperature is controlled to be relatively high, and the delamination in the winter may be tested. When testing the cutting, a fluid F such as water may be supplied to the fluid inlet 6in in a state where the temperature is controlled to be relatively low. By supplying the incompressible fluid F to the fluid inlet 6in with the temperature controlled, there is an advantage that the test can be performed under different temperature environment conditions. Further, it is preferable that not only the fluid F but also the specimen 1 is tested in a temperature-controlled state. That is, the present invention puts the first object layer 2 and the second object layer 3 forming the interface to be tested, and the specimen 1 including the intervening layer 4 in a temperature-controllable constant temperature room or the like, and controls the temperature to an appropriate level. When the test according to the above is carried out, the temperature of the first object layer 2 and the second object layer 3 including the intervening layer 4 is controlled when the intervening layer 4 is present, so that the intervening layer 4 is naturally adhered. The temperature of the interface is also controlled, and it is possible to perform tests under conditions that imitate the seasons such as summer and winter, and environmental conditions such as tropical, temperate, cold, and polar regions, in the same way as when controlling the temperature of fluid F. The advantage is obtained.

In the interlayer adhesion breakage test method according to the present invention, the state of the interlayer adhesion breakage of the specimen 1 is monitored, for example, as follows. FIG. 6 is a conceptual diagram showing various monitoring means. In FIG. 6, F is a fluid, Rf is a pressure load due to the fluid F, Ff is a flow of the fluid F, 8 is a fluid cradle, 9a and 9b are video cameras, 10 is a distance meter, 11 is a continuity sensor, and P is a pressure gauge. , G is a mass meter.

As shown in FIG. 6, when the fluid F whose pressure fluctuates periodically is supplied to the fluid inlet 6in, the pressure load Rf in which the pressurized state and the non-pressurized state are periodically repeated is generated in the first object layer 2. It hangs on the upper surface of the intervening layer 4 facing the fluid discharge port 6out opening in the lower surface 2b or the upper surface 3a of the second object layer 3, and on the adhesive interface of the first object layer 2, the intervening layer 4, and the second object layer 3. A force is applied to pull the bonded layers apart from each other. When this pressure load Rf exceeds the interlayer adhesion force of the bonding interface at an instantaneous value or an integrated value, the interlayer adhesion is broken, and a flow Ff of a fluid F running horizontally so as to cut the layers along the bonding interface is generated. .. Then, when the flow Ff of the fluid F running horizontally along the bonding interface reaches the side surface of the first object layer 2 and the second object layer 3, that is, the side surface of the specimen 1, it is exposed to the side surface of the specimen 1. The fluid F will flow out from the bonding interface. By detecting or detecting the outflow of the fluid F from the side surface of the specimen 1, in particular, the outflow of the fluid F from the adhesive interface of the first object layer 2, the intervening layer 4, and the second object layer 3. By detecting or detecting the outflow position, it is possible to monitor the state of delamination.

The outflow of the fluid F from the adhesive interface exposed on the side surface of the specimen 1 is, for example, when the fluid F is an incompressible fluid such as water or oil, the image pickup camera 9a arranged on the side surface of the specimen 1 This can be done by photographing the side surface of the specimen 1 and automatically detecting the change on the photographed image. Of course, humans may visually detect or detect the outflow. At this time, if a fluorescent tracer such as uranin or another tracer substance is added to and mixed with the fluid F, the outflow of the fluid F can be detected or detected more easily. When the fluid F is a compressible fluid such as air, a tracer substance for detection is added to the air in advance, and a gas sensor is arranged on the side surface of the specimen 1, so that the side surface of the specimen 1 is arranged. The outflow of the fluid F from the can be detected or detected.

Further, the outflow of the fluid F from the laminated interface exposed on the side surface of the specimen 1 is, for example, when the fluid F is an incompressible fluid such as water or oil, the fluid F that flows out and falls downward is provided. It can be quantitatively detected by receiving it by the fluid pedestal 8 arranged below the specimen 1 and measuring and monitoring the mass change of the fluid pedestal 8 with the mass meter G.

If the fluid F running horizontally along the adhesive interface has a weak adhesive force or a gap in the first object layer 2, the first object layer is shown on the right side of FIG. 6 through the portion. It may penetrate the inside of 2. The fluid F that has permeated the inside of the first object layer 2 flows out from the side surface 2c of the first object layer 2 through the voids and the portion having a weak adhesive force, and further, flows out to the upper surface 2a of the first object layer 2. It may leak. In some cases, it may flow out from the side surface or the lower surface of the second object layer 3. In addition, the fluid F passing through the first object layer 2 partially raises and deforms the upper surface 2a of the first object layer 2 or deforms the upper surface 2a even if the fluid F does not flow out to the upper surface 2a of the first object layer 2. May cause cracks in the body.

The outflow of the fluid F from the side surface 2c of the first object layer 2 is, for example, when the fluid F is an incompressible fluid such as water or oil, as in the case of detecting the outflow from the adhesive interface, for example, the specimen 1. This can be done by photographing the side surface of the specimen 1 with the image pickup camera 9b arranged on the side surface of the specimen 1 and automatically detecting the change on the photographed image. Of course, it may be done visually. Further, the fluid F flowing out from the side surface 2c is received by the fluid pedestal 8 as in the case of the fluid F flowing out from the laminated interface, and the mass change of the fluid pedestal 8 is quantitatively measured by the mass meter G at any time. Can be detected. When the fluid F is a compressible fluid such as air, a tracer substance for detection is added in advance, and a gas sensor is arranged on the side surface of the specimen 1, so that the tracer substance can be arranged from the side surface of the specimen 1. The outflow of the fluid F can be detected or detected.

The outflow of the first object layer 2 to the upper surface 2a is when the fluid F from the adhesive interface or the side surface is detected by an image pickup camera 9c (not shown) or visual inspection arranged above the specimen 1 or by a gas sensor. Can be detected in the same manner as above. Further, for the swelling or cracking of the upper surface of the first object layer 2 due to the fluid F, a non-contact rangefinder 10 using, for example, a laser is placed above the specimen 1 and the upper surface of the specimen 1 is scanned at any time. By doing so, it can be detected and monitored. The cracks may be detected or detected by analyzing the captured image of the image pickup camera 9c.

Further, when the fluid F is a conductive substance such as water, the continuity sensor 11 is arranged in advance at an appropriate place where the specimen 1 is set, and the continuity sensor 11 is changed from the non-conducting state to the conducting state. By detecting the change to, the arrival of the fluid F at the location where the continuity sensor 11 is arranged may be detected.

FIG. 7 shows the mass (outflow fluid amount) of the fluid F measured by the mass meter G after flowing down to the fluid cradle 8 when the fluid F is an incompressible fluid such as water or oil, and the elapsed time. This is an example of a graph showing the relationship. As shown in FIG. 7, at the beginning of the test, there is no delamination breakage at the bonding interface, and the mass of the incompressible fluid F flowing down to the fluid cradle 8 remains “0”, but when the delamination breakage starts. , The amount of the fluid F flowing down to the fluid cradle 8 starts to increase gradually, increases sharply after a certain point in time, and the rate of increase thereafter becomes almost constant. From the degree of bending of the outflow fluid amount-time curve, it is possible to grasp the state of the interlayer adhesion of the tested specimen 1 and the passage of time.

For example, the elapsed time t at the point where the extension of the tangent α of the outflow fluid amount-time curve intersects the elapsed time axis when the rate of increase in the outflow fluid amount, which is thought to correspond to a large amount of outflow, becomes almost constant at a large value. Is defined as the interlayer adhesion break time, and the resistance of the tested specimen 1 to the interlayer adhesion breakage can be evaluated by the length of the interlayer adhesion break time. When strictly evaluating the delamination, the fluid F that has flowed out from the upper surface of the specimen 1 or the side surface other than the exposed portion of the adhesive interface should not flow into the fluid pedestal 8. It is desirable to do.

Even when the fluid F is a compressible fluid such as air, if the time course of the outflow amount of the fluid F flowing out from the side surface of the specimen 1, particularly the adhesive interface can be monitored, the fluid F can be water or. As in the case of incompressible fluid such as oil, plot the outflow fluid amount-time curve, and tangent when the rate of increase in the outflow fluid amount, which is considered to correspond to a large amount of outflow, becomes almost constant at a large value. The elapsed time t at the point where the extension of α intersects the elapsed time axis can be used as the interlayer adhesion break time.

Further, an interlayer adhesion break occurs somewhere at the adhesion interface between the first object layer 2 and the second object layer 3, and a part or most of the fluid F leaks to the outside of the specimen 1 from the layer where the adhesion break occurs. When the fluid flows out, the pressure in the vicinity of the fluid injection port 6in of the fluid passage 6 becomes lower _than the set pressurizing pressure P1. It is also possible to monitor the state of delamination by measuring this pressure drop with a pressure gauge P having a detection unit arranged in the vicinity of the fluid injection port 6in. Needless to say, the pressure measurement in the vicinity of the fluid injection port 6in by the pressure gauge P is performed at the timing when the fluid F supplied to the fluid injection port 6in is in the pressurized state.

FIG. 8 is an example of a graph showing the relationship between the pressure measured by the pressure gauge P and the elapsed time from the start of the test. As described above, the pressure is measured at the timing when the fluid F supplied to the fluid inlet 6in is in a pressurized state, so that the graph showing the relationship between the pressure and the elapsed time is a collection of discontinuous points. However, in FIG. 8, for convenience, a plurality of discontinuous measurement points are connected and represented as a continuous curve.

As shown in FIG. 8, at the beginning of the test, there was _no delamination breakage at the adhesion interface, which is also the laminated interface, and the pressure near the fluid injection port 6in remained at the set pressurizing pressure P1, but the delamination breakage occurred. When it is generated, a part of the fluid F supplied toward the fluid discharge port 6out flows out to the bonding interface, the first object layer 2 or the second object layer 3 through the place where the interlayer adhesion is broken. , The pressure near the fluid injection port 6in is lower _than the set pressurizing pressure P1. Then, as the delamination progresses, the flow path resistance for the fluid F flowing out from the fluid discharge port 6out to the bonding interface or the like sharply decreases, so that the pressure in the vicinity of the fluid injection port 6in also drops sharply. After that, even if the delamination progresses completely, the flow path resistance to the fluid F does not become completely 0 and is constant at a relatively small pressure value. From the degree of bending of this pressure-time curve, it is possible to grasp the state of the interlayer adhesion of the tested specimen 1 and the passage of time.

As described above, in the interlayer adhesion breakage test method according to the present invention, there are many means for monitoring the state of interlayer adhesion breakage, and one or two or more of them are combined to check the state of interlayer adhesion breakage. It is only necessary to monitor and evaluate the performance of the material used to prepare the specimen.

Further, after the interlayer adhesion breakage test, the tested specimen 1 is cut and broken at an appropriate place such as an adhesive interface, and the cut surface and the fracture surface are examined to check the progress and spread of the interlayer adhesion breakage. It can be observed, recorded and analyzed visually or as an image. In particular, when the fluid F containing the tracer substance is used in the interlayer adhesion breakage test, the tracer substance is left on the cut surface or the fracture surface of the specimen 1 where the fluid F has passed. It is convenient because it facilitates recording and analysis. Even if the fluid used in the delamination test does not contain the tracer substance, after the test, the tracer substance is injected from the fluid injection port 6in of the specimen 1 and passed through the place where the delamination is broken. , The specimen 1 may be cut and broken at a laminated interface or the like, and the cut surface or the broken surface may be examined.

In the interlayer adhesion break test method described above, the fluid F is supplied to the fluid injection port 6in of the specimen 1 in a state where the pressure thereof fluctuates periodically, but the pressure P1 of the fluid F ₁ Does not necessarily have to fluctuate periodically between the pressurized and non-pressurized states, and in some cases, at a constant pressure that does not fluctuate over time, or linear or curved over time. The pressure may increase or decrease in a shape. That is, in the interlayer adhesion break test method according to the present invention, the pressure P1 of the fluid F supplied to the fluid injection port 6in is _a pressure that periodically repeats a pressurized state and a non-pressurized state. A certain case is the most basic typical example, but when the pressure P ₁ is a constant value, the case where the pressure P 1 increases or decreases linearly or curvedly in time is also included as a modification. be.

Further, in the interlayer adhesion break test method according to the present invention, a fluid pressure is applied to the bonding interface of two laminated and bonded object layers, and the presence or absence and amount of fluid F flowing out from the two bonded object layers to the outside. Furthermore, since it is a test method for monitoring the outflow position, water is used as the fluid F, and the fluid is supplied from the fluid inlet 6in to the fluid discharge port 6out in a pressurized state that fluctuates constantly or periodically. When monitoring the outflow situation to the outside, from a different point of view, it is also called a water permeability test when water pressure is applied from the inside of two object layers bonded directly or via an intervening layer, that is, an internal pressure water permeability test. be able to. That is, the interlayer adhesion breakage test method according to the present invention is also an internal pressure water permeability test method on one aspect. This also applies to the test apparatus according to the present invention, which will be described later.

Further, in the interlayer adhesion breakage test method according to the present invention, a fluid pressure is applied to the bonding interface of the two laminated and bonded object layers, and the surfaces of the two bonded object layers are lifted or cracked. Since the situation is monitored, it is directly the delamination that is being tested, but it is also possible that it is a strength test of two laminated object layers or intervening layers under internal pressure by a fluid. can. That is, the interlayer adhesion breakage test method according to the present invention has an aspect of being an internal pressure strength test method, and in one aspect, it is also an internal pressure strength test method. This also applies to the test apparatus according to the present invention, which will be described later.

FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of a specimen in another aspect of the interlayer adhesion breakage test method according to the present invention, and FIG. 10 shows the specimen shown in FIG. 9 above and below for each layer constituting the specimen for convenience. It is explanatory cross-sectional view which shows in the state separated into. In both figures, the same members as before are given the same reference numerals.

In FIGS. 9 and 10, 12 is a third object layer, 13 is a fourth object layer, and 14 is an intervening layer. In the specimen 1 of this example, the second object layer 3 is interposed through the intervening layer 14. It differs from the above-mentioned specimen 1 in that it includes the third object layer 12 and the fourth object layer 13 bonded to each other. That is, the inner side surface 12c ₁ of the third object layer 12 and the inner side surface 13c ₁ of the fourth object layer 13 are adhered to each other via the intervening layer 14 to form an adhesive interface, and the second object layer is formed. 3 is an adhesion formed by the third object layer 12, the intervening layer 14, and the fourth object layer 13 on the upper surface 3a (which is also the upper surface 12a of the third object layer 12 and the upper surface 13a of the fourth object layer 13). It is adhered to the lower surface 2b of the first object layer 2 with the side end faces of the interface exposed.

The side end surface of the adhesive interface sandwiching the intervening layer 4 between the third object layer 12 and the fourth object layer 13 exposed on the upper surface 3a of the second object layer 3 is exactly the lower surface 2b of the first object layer 2. It is located at a position facing the fluid discharge port 6out that is open to the outside. In other words, the first object layer 2 and the second object layer 3 have a fluid discharge port 6out in which the adhesive interface exposed on the upper surface 3a of the second object layer 3 opens exactly on the lower surface 2b of the first object layer 2. They are aligned and adhered to each other so as to face each other. At this time, the region of the lower surface 2b of the first object layer 2 bonded to the upper surface 3a of the second object layer 3 may be a region including the fluid discharge port 6out opened in the lower surface 2b of the first object layer 2. , Same as the previous example.

The first object layer 2 and the second object layer 3 may be directly bonded or may be bonded via an appropriate intervening layer. However, in the test method of this example, the adhesive interface between the lower surface 2b of the first object layer 2 and the upper surface 3a of the second object layer 3 is not the interface to be tested, so that the test result is not affected. It is desirable that the bond is stronger than the interface to be tested. Examples of those that realize such strong adhesion include epoxy resin-based adhesives. In a preferred embodiment, the lower surface 2b of the first object layer 2 uses the upper surface 3a of the second object layer 3 and the epoxy resin-based adhesive as the intervening layer 4 in the region containing the fluid discharge port 6out of the lower surface 2b. , Adhered to each other. However, it is desirable that the intervening layer 4 such as an adhesive does not exist on the upper surface 3a of the second object layer 3 facing the fluid discharge port 6out.

In the test method of this example, the adhesive interface between the third object layer 12 and the fourth object layer 13 which are in a state of being adhered to each other with the intervening layer 14 interposed therebetween is an adhesive interface for testing the inter-layer adhesion breakage. Therefore, the third object layer 12 and the fourth object layer 13 may be composed of a material assumed as a material constituting the interface to be tested, or an appropriate material for which it is desired to evaluate the characteristics thereof. For example, when testing the delamination of the adhesive interface between the ground cover at the end of the sidewalk and the asphalt mixture that is closely attached to the ground cover, either the third object layer 12 or the fourth object layer 13 is tested. One may be composed of the ground cover itself that is supposed to be used, or the same material as the ground cover, for example, concrete, and the other may be planned to be used, or may be composed of an asphalt mixture for which characteristic evaluation is desired. The same applies to the intervening layer 14, and an appropriate bitumen material, adhesive, molded joint material, or the like, which is planned to be used or whose characteristics are desired to be evaluated, may be used alone or in combination.

Further, when testing the interlaminar adhesion breakage of the construction seam such as the joint of the pavement by using the test method of this example, it is assumed that both the third object layer 12 and the fourth object layer 13 are used. It may be composed of an asphalt mixture or an asphalt mixture whose characteristics are to be evaluated. The same applies to the intervening layer 14, and it may be used alone or in combination with an appropriate bitumen material, adhesive, molded joint material, etc., which are expected to be used at the construction seam or whose characteristics are desired to be evaluated.

FIG. 11 is a conceptual diagram of the monitoring situation of the interlayer adhesion breakage in the test method of this example. As shown in FIG. 11, when the fluid F whose pressure fluctuates periodically is supplied to the fluid inlet 6in, the pressure load Rf in which the pressurized state and the non-pressurized state are periodically repeated is generated in the first object layer 2. The pressure is applied to the adhesive interface facing the fluid discharge port 6out that opens in the lower surface 2b, that is, the adhesive interface formed by the third object layer 12, the intervening layer 14, and the fourth object layer 13, and the third object layer 12, intervening. A force is applied to the bonding interface of the layer 14 and the fourth object layer 13 to separate the bonded layers from each other. When this pressure load Rf exceeds the interlayer adhesion force of the bonding interface at an instantaneous value or an integral value, the interlayer adhesion is broken, and a fluid F flow Ff running vertically so as to cut the layers along the bonding interface is generated. .. Then, when the flow Ff of the fluid F running in the vertical direction along the bonding interface reaches the lower surfaces 12b and 13b of the third object layer 12 and the fourth object layer 13, the bonding interface exposed on the lower surface of the specimen 1. The fluid F will flow out from. The outflow of the fluid F from the lower surface of the specimen 1, in particular, the outflow of the fluid F from the adhesive interface of the third object layer 12, the intervening layer 14, and the fourth object layer 13, and the position thereof are detected or detected. This makes it possible to monitor the state of delamination.

The fluid F running in the vertical direction along the bonding interface has a weak adhesive force, a gap, or the like in the third object layer 12 or the fourth object layer 13, as shown in FIG. 11 through the portion. , May penetrate inside the third object layer 12 or the fourth object layer 13. The fluid F that has permeated the inside of the third object layer 12 or the fourth object layer 13 flows out from the side surface or the lower surface of the third object layer 12 or the fourth object layer 13 through the voids and the portion having a weak adhesive force. There is. Further, in some cases, the side surface or the lower surface of the third object layer 12 or the fourth object layer 13 may be partially deformed even if it does not flow out from the side surface or the lower surface of the third object layer 12 or the fourth object layer 13. May cause cracks.

The outflow of the fluid F from the surface or the adhesive interface of the third object layer 12 and the fourth object layer 13 constituting the specimen 1, the outflow position, and the outflow amount are determined by the fluid F to a predetermined location. Can be appropriately detected, detected, and measured by the same means as in the above-mentioned example, including the arrival of. Further, in order to facilitate detection and detection, an appropriate tracer substance may be mixed with the fluid F, as in the above-mentioned example. Deformation and cracks may be appropriately detected and detected by the same means as in the above-mentioned example. The presence or absence of delamination can also be monitored by measuring the pressure in the vicinity of the fluid injection port 6 in. In any case, all of the monitoring means and methods described in the previous test method example can be used in the test method of this example.

According to the test method of this example, unlike the test method in the above-mentioned example, the joint between the sidewalk end and the pavement layer and the construction seam between the pavement layers are usually extended in the vertical direction. However, it is possible to test the delamination of the adhesive interface whose side end surface is exposed on the pavement surface, and to evaluate the water stoppage of the adhesive interface. This is extremely useful in view of the current situation in which the infiltration of rainwater or the like from the construction seam is considered to be one of the causes affecting the shortening of the life of the pavement. Also in the test method of this example, the first object layer 2 is a region including the fluid discharge port 6out of the lower surface 2b thereof, and is the upper surface of the third object layer 12 and the fourth object layer 13 including the interface to be tested. Be glued. Therefore, the fluid discharge port 6out is closed by the upper surface of the third object layer 12, the exposed surface of the adhesive interface, and the upper surface of the fourth object layer 13, and is supplied to the fluid discharge port 6out at the time of test execution. There is an advantage that the fluid pressure load can be efficiently applied to the adhesive interface between the third object layer 12 and the fourth object layer 13 to be tested without pressure loss.

FIG. 12 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of a test piece according to still another aspect of the interlayer adhesion breakage test method according to the present invention, and FIG. 13 shows the test piece shown in FIG. 12 for each layer constituting the test piece for convenience. It is explanatory cross-sectional view which shows in the state which it is separated into the upper and lower parts. In both figures, the same members as before are given the same reference numerals.

In the specimen 1 of this example, the third object layer 12 included in the second object layer 3 and the lower surfaces 12b and 13b of the fourth object layer 13 are further bonded to the fifth object layer 15 via the intervening layer 16. , The point that the second adhesive interface is formed is different from the specimen 1 described above with reference to FIGS. 9 and 10.

What is the adhesive interface between the third object layer 12 and the fourth object layer 13 and the second adhesive interface formed between the lower surfaces of the third object layer 12 and the fourth object layer 13 and the fifth object layer 15? , The structure of these continuous bonding interfaces is similar to that of a continuous bonding interface in a general pavement structure consisting of a construction seam and a base layer or roadbed layer or floor slab beneath it. Therefore, such a specimen 1 is subjected to the interlayer adhesion breakage test method according to the present invention, and by applying a fluid pressure load Rf to the fluid discharge port 6out as in the above-mentioned example, the interlayer adhesion breakage of the construction seam is broken. It is possible to simultaneously test and evaluate both water stoppage and pavement surface layer and base layer, base layer and roadbed layer, and both interlayer adhesion breakage at the adhesion interface between the base layer and the deck.

As the material constituting the third object layer 12 and the fourth object layer 13, for example, an asphalt mixture for a surface layer or a base layer can be used. Further, as the material constituting the fifth object layer, for example, an asphalt mixture for a base layer, a roadbed material, or a material constituting a deck can be used. As the material constituting the intervening layer 16, for example, a material or a waterproof material usually used for adhesion between the surface layer and the base layer or between the base layer and the roadbed layer or the floor slab, and other appropriate bitumen for which the evaluation of the characteristics is desired. Materials can be used.

In the interlayer adhesion breakage test method performed using the specimen 1 of this example, monitoring of the interlayer adhesion breakage is performed when the specimen 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 or FIGS. 9 and 10 is used. There is basically no difference from the monitoring of the above, and it can be performed in the same way using the same equipment and devices.

FIG. 14 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of a specimen in still another aspect of the interlayer adhesion breakage test method according to the present invention. The same members as before are designated by the same reference numerals.

In the specimen 1 of this example, among the third object layer 12 and the fourth object layer 13 included in the second object layer 3, only the lower surface 13b of the fourth object layer 13 including the intervening layer 14 is further covered with the fifth object. The layer 15 is adhered via the intervening layer 16 to form a second adhesive interface, which is different from the specimen 1 described above with reference to FIGS. 9 and 10. Instead of the lower surface 13b of the fourth object layer 13, the fifth object layer 15 may be further adhered only to the lower surface 12b of the third object layer 12 including the intervening layer 14 via the intervening layer 16.

What is the adhesive interface between the third object layer 12 and the fourth object layer 13 and the second adhesive interface formed between the lower surface 13b of the fourth object layer 13 including the intervening layer 14 and the fifth object layer 15. The structure of these continuous adhesive interfaces is a general pavement end structure consisting of an asphalt mixture layer and a base layer or slab beneath it, which is in close contact with the ground cover at the end of the sidewalk. It has the same structure as the continuous bonding interface in. Therefore, by subjecting the specimen 1 to the interlayer adhesion breakage test method according to the present invention and supplying the fluid F whose pressure fluctuates periodically to the fluid injection port 6in, the adhesion interface between the ground cover and the asphalt mixture is provided. It is possible to simultaneously test and evaluate both the delamination and water stoppage of the pavement surface layer or the water stoppage and the delamination and water stoppage at the adhesive interface between the pavement surface layer or the base layer and the base layer or the deck. In this case, as the material constituting the third object layer 12, for example, the ground cover actually used or the same concrete used for constructing the ground cover can be used. The material constituting the fourth object layer 13 is, for example, an asphalt mixture, the material constituting the fifth object layer is, for example, an asphalt mixture, concrete, or a steel plate, and the intervening layer 16 is, for example,. A combination of a coating film type or sheet type waterproof layer and a primer can be used. In the interlayer adhesion breakage test method performed using the specimen 1 of this example, monitoring of the interlayer adhesion breakage is performed when the specimen 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 or FIGS. 9 and 10 is used. It goes without saying that there is basically no difference from the monitoring of the above, and the same can be performed using the same equipment and devices.

2. 2. Test device FIG. 15 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of an interlayer adhesion breakage test device according to the present invention. In FIG. 15, the specimens shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 are drawn as the specimen 1, but the specimens targeted by the interlayer adhesion breakage test apparatus according to the present invention are shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. It goes without saying that what is shown is not limited. In FIG. 15, 20 is an interlayer adhesion break test device, 21 is a fluid supply unit, 22 is a pressure release unit, 23 is a fluid supply path, and one end (lower end in the figure) of the fluid supply path 23 is provided. A connection port 23b connected to the fluid injection port 6in of the specimen 1 is provided. The connection port 23b is provided with an appropriate connection mechanism such as a screw. 24 is a flow path switching unit, 25 is a control device, and 26 is a constant temperature room having a temperature control function. Both the fluid supply unit 21 and the pressure release unit 22 are connected to the flow path switching unit 24, and the end portion 23a on the side opposite to the connection port 23b of the fluid supply path 23 is also connected to the flow path switching unit 24. ing. G is a mass meter and P is a pressure gauge. In the illustrated example, the specimen 1 is in the constant temperature room 26 together with the fluid pedestal 8, the fluid supply path 23, the mass meter G, and the pressure gauge P, but the fluid pedestal 8, the fluid supply path 23, and the mass meter G are located in the constant temperature room 26. , And any one or more of the pressure gauges P may be located outside the constant temperature chamber 26.

The fluid supply unit 21 includes, for example, a compressor 21a, a pressure regulator 21b, a fluid tank 21c, a temperature regulator 21d, and a pressure regulator 21e. When the compressor 21a operates and a predetermined pressure is applied to the fluid F in the tank 21c, the fluid F is controlled by the temperature regulator 21d to a predetermined temperature such as 23 ° C., and is controlled by the pressure regulator 21e. The pressure is adjusted to P ₁ and supplied to the flow path switching unit 24. It is desirable that the temperature adjusting device 21 is a temperature adjusting device that can not only heat but also cool.

Further, in this example, the fluid supply unit 21 is composed of the above-mentioned devices, but the fluid supply unit 21 only needs to be able to supply the fluid F pressurized to _a predetermined pressure P1. Therefore. The specific configuration and functions of the equipment are not limited to specific ones.

_The fluid supply unit 21 is connected to the control device 25, and the operation of the fluid supply unit 21 is controlled by the control device 25 including setting and changing the pressure P1 of the fluid F and the temperature of the fluid F.

The flow path switching unit 24 can selectively switch between a flow path connecting the fluid supply path 23 and the fluid supply section 21 and a flow path connecting the fluid supply path 23 and the pressure release section 22. When the fluid supply path 23 is connected to the fluid supply section 21, the fluid supply section 23 is supplied with a predetermined pressure P ₁ and preferably a fluid F controlled to a predetermined temperature. The fluid. On the other hand, when the fluid supply path 23 is connected to the pressure release unit 22, the pressure load applied to the fluid supply path 23 is released.

In this way, the fluid F supplied to the fluid supply path 23 by selectively connecting the fluid supply path 23 to either the fluid supply section 21 or the pressure release section 22 by the flow path switching section 24 , The pressurized state and the non-pressurized state are alternately repeated. The flow path switching unit 24 is connected to the control device 25, and its operation is under the control of the control device 25. That is, the control device 25 has a function of setting and changing the length of one cycle T ₀ that repeats the pressurized and non-pressurized states and the lengths t ₁ and t ₂ constituting the one cycle T ₀ . The flow path switching unit 24 is switched at the same timing so that the fluid F whose pressure fluctuates periodically can be supplied to the fluid supply path 23.

The flow path switching unit 24 only needs to be able to switch the flow path so that the fluid supply path 23 is selectively and alternately connected to either the fluid supply unit 21 or the pressure release unit 22. As long as the road can be switched, there are no particular restrictions on the specific configuration or structure. For example, a switching valve for switching and connecting two flow paths or two or more on-off valves may be used, but the present invention is not limited to this.

The control device 25 is also connected to a mass meter G and a pressure gauge P, and is provided with means for receiving measurement signals sent from each and appropriately storing and analyzing them. Further, the control device 25 is also connected to the constant temperature room 26, and controls the operation of the constant temperature room 26 to control the environmental temperature of the specimen 1 and tests under a desired temperature environment from high temperature to low temperature including room temperature. It is possible to do. The substance of the control device 25 is a computer, and commands such as change, addition, and deletion of control contents can be appropriately received via appropriate input / output devices (not shown), and control results, measurement results, and analysis of each device can be appropriately received. The results can be output to a printer or screen, or sent to other computers on the network at any time or in real time.

In addition, the interlayer adhesion breakage test apparatus 20 according to the present invention may be equipped with an image pickup camera 9a to 9c as shown in FIG. 6, a distance meter 10, a connection device with a continuity sensor 11, and the like. In that case, it goes without saying that the devices connected to the image pickup cameras 9a to 9c, the rangefinder 10, and the continuity sensor 11 are connected to the control device 25.

In order to execute the interlayer adhesion breakage test method according to the present invention using the interlayer adhesion breakage test apparatus shown in FIG. 15, the fluid supply path 23 is connected via a connection mechanism provided at one end 23b of the fluid supply path 23. One end 23b is connected to the upper tip of the insertion tube 5 inserted in the first object layer 2 of the specimen 1. As a result, the fluid supply path 23 is connected to the fluid injection port 6in. In this state, the control device 25 is operated, and the fluid F controlled by a predetermined pressurization and temperature is sent out from the fluid supply unit 21 to the flow path switching unit 24. Prior to this, the control device 25 controls the temperature of the homeothermic chamber 26 so that the temperature of the specimen 1 becomes a desired test temperature at the time of the test.

The control device 25 controls the operation of the flow path switching unit 24 to connect the fluid supply unit 21 and the fluid supply path 23 for a predetermined time of t ₁ , and releases the pressure for the subsequent time of t ₂ . The unit 22 and the fluid supply path 23 are connected. In this way, by controlling the flow path switching unit 24 and switching the flow path at an appropriate timing, the fluid F whose pressure fluctuates periodically can be supplied to the fluid injection port 6in, and the fluid discharge port 6out can be supplied. By applying a fluid pressure load that fluctuates periodically to the adhesive interface to be tested, it is possible to test the delamination and water stoppage at the adhesive interface. _If the pressure P1 of the fluid F supplied to the fluid injection port 6in is constant, the control device 25 is in a state of constant connection between the fluid supply unit 21 and the fluid supply path 23 during the test. The flow path switching unit 24 is controlled in this way. Further, when the pressure P1 of the fluid F supplied to the fluid inlet 6in increases or decreases linearly or _curvedly with time, the control device 25 is a pressure regulator constituting the fluid supply unit 21. The 21b, 21d, or compressor 21a is so controlled.

3. 3. Method for Creating Specimen Specimen Next, a method for creating Specimen 1 will be described. In the following description, a case where both the first object layer 2 and the second object layer 3 are constructed using an asphalt mixture will be described as an example, but the specimen produced by the method for producing an specimen according to the present invention will be described. Needless to say, it is not limited to those constructed using an asphalt mixture.

First, the first asphalt mixture constituting the first object layer is paved in a formwork having a predetermined length, width, and height to construct the first object layer having a predetermined planar shape and thickness. The predetermined planar shape is, for example, a rectangle or a square having a predetermined vertical length and a horizontal length, but is not limited to this, and may be another polygon, a circle, or an ellipse. FIG. 16 shows a vertical cross-sectional view of the first object layer 2 constructed.

Next, a hole h that penetrates the first object layer 2 substantially perpendicularly in the thickness direction is formed in the substantially center of the planar shape of the constructed first object layer 2 to form the hole h. This drilling can be performed using an appropriate tool or machine tool such as a drill or a drilling machine. FIG. 17 shows a vertical cross-sectional view of the first object layer 2 in which the hole h is perforated. When a plurality of fluid passages 6 are provided in the specimen 1, it is needless to say that a plurality of fluid passages 6 are drilled according to the number of fluid passages 6 in which the holes h are provided.

Next, the hollow insertion tube 5 is inserted and fixed in the perforated hole h. When inserting and fixing, apply an appropriate adhesive such as epoxy resin to the outer circumference of the insertion tube 5 so that no gap remains between the outer circumference of the insertion tube 5 and the inner circumference of the hole h, and use the adhesive. It is preferable that the outer circumference of the insertion tube 5 and the inner circumference of the hole h are completely filled. If a gap remains between the outer circumference of the insertion tube 5 and the inner circumference of the hole h, the pressurized fluid may be blown out to the upper part of the first object layer 2 through the gap, which is preferable. do not have. When the hole h is drilled in the first object layer 2, the periphery of the hole h on the upper surface or the lower surface of the first object layer 2 may be partially chipped or cracked. In that case, After inserting and fixing the insertion tube 5 in the hole h, the corner chipped portion and the cracked portion are repaired using an epoxy resin or the like. At least one end of the insertion pipe 5 is provided with a connection portion 5c that can be connected to the connection mechanism provided at one end 23b of the above-mentioned fluid supply path 23 corresponding to the external pipe line in advance. FIG. 18 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the first object layer 2 showing how the insertion tube 5 is inserted and fixed in the hole h of the first object layer 2, and FIG. 19 shows the insertion tube 5 inserted and fixed in the hole h. It is a vertical cross-sectional view of the first object layer 2 made. A fluid passage 6 is secured inside the hollow of the insertion tube 5. In the figure, the upper end of the insertion tube 5 corresponds to the fluid injection port 6in, and the lower end corresponds to the fluid discharge port 6out.

Next, the first object layer 2 provided with the insertion tube 5 constructed as described above is turned upside down, inverted, and a tack coat is applied as an intervening layer 4 on the surface that has been turned upside down. FIG. 20 shows a state in which the tack cord is applied on the surface of the inverted first object layer 2 and the intervening layer 4 is formed in this way.

The second asphalt mixture constituting the second object layer 3 may be paved on the intervening layer 4 in the state shown in FIG. 20 to construct the second asphalt mixture, but the paved asphalt mixture may be constructed. Prior to paving, a mesh-like sheet 31 made of a fine metal wire such as stainless steel is placed on the upper part of the opening of the insertion tube 5 so as to cover the opening so that the inside of the insertion tube 5 is not clogged. It is preferred to place and then pave the second asphalt mixture. When laying the second asphalt mixture, it goes without saying that the second asphalt mixture is laid after installing a formwork having a predetermined planar shape and thickness in the portion where the second object layer 3 is constructed. be.

FIG. 21 shows a state in which a mesh-shaped sheet 31 is installed so as to cover the opening of the insertion tube 5, and FIG. 22 shows a state in which a second asphalt mixture is paved on the mesh-shaped sheet 31 to construct a second object layer 3. It is a figure which shows. As can be seen in FIG. 22, since the upper opening of the insertion tube 5 is covered with the mesh-shaped sheet 31, the fluid passage 6 in the insertion tube 5 is secured even if the second object layer 3 is constructed. There is.

After the construction of the second object layer 3, the whole may be turned upside down again. FIG. 23 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the specimen 1 created as described above. As can be seen in the figure, the insertion pipe 5 is provided with a connecting portion 5c connected to the fluid supply passage 23 corresponding to the external pipe at the end on the side opposite to the side on which the second object layer is laminated.

In the above description, the tack coat layer was constructed as the intervening layer 4 before the construction of the second object layer 3, but if the intervening layer 4 is unnecessary for the purpose of the test, the intervening layer 4 is used. Of course, the second object layer 3 may be constructed directly on the first object layer 2 without constructing. However, even in that case, it is preferable to cover the opening of the insertion tube 5 with the mesh-shaped sheet 31 prior to the pavement of the second asphalt mixture constituting the second object layer 3.

Further, in the above description, both the first object layer 2 and the second object layer 3 are constructed of an asphalt mixture, but one or both of the first object layer 2 and the second object layer 3 are cast with concrete. It may be constructed by placing and adhering a concrete slab or a steel slab cut to a predetermined size in advance. Further, the intervening layer 4 may be constructed by using a waterproof material whose characteristics are to be investigated instead of the tack coat, or may be constructed by using an appropriate adhesive material.

Although the method for producing the specimen 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 has been described above, the specimen 1 shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 may be created in the same manner. That is, a hole h is drilled in the first object layer 12, an insertion tube 5 is inserted and fixed in the hole h, an intervening layer 4 is applied therein, and the opening of the insertion tube 5 is formed by a mesh-shaped sheet 31. After covering, the second object layer 3 may be constructed. However, in the specimen 1 shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, it is preferable that the adhesive interface between the first object layer 2 and the second object layer 3 is not the interface to be tested but is relatively firmly adhered. As the intervening layer 4, a material that relatively firmly adheres the first object layer 2 and the second object layer 3, for example, an epoxy resin-based adhesive, is used instead of a tack coat or a waterproof material.

Further, in the specimen 1 shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the second object layer 3 is not a single material layer, but the third object layer 12 and the fourth object layer 13 are adhered to each other via the intervening layer 14. In this respect as well, the method for producing the specimen 1 shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 is different from the method for producing the specimen 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. That is, after applying an adhesive such as an epoxy resin to the lower surface 2b (upper surface in FIG. 20) of the first object layer 2, the opening of the insertion tube 5 is covered with a mesh-shaped sheet 31 to cover the fluid discharge port. A partition plate was erected at a position where about half of the opening of the insertion tube 5 to be 6out was left in an open state, and about half of the opening of the insertion tube 5 was left in an open state with an appropriate mold installed. On the side, the asphalt mixture constituting the third object layer 12 is paved. After an appropriate curing and curing time, the partition plate is removed, the side surface of the third object layer 12 is exposed, an appropriate intervening layer 14 is applied to the exposed side surface, and then an appropriate formwork is installed. , The asphalt mixture constituting the fourth object layer 13 is paved. As a result, the specimen 1 in which the second object layer 3 including the adhesive interface in which the third object layer 12 and the fourth object layer 13 are adhered via the intervening layer 14 and the first object layer 2 are adhered is obtained. Will be created. In the above description, the case where both the third object layer 12 and the fourth object layer 13 are constructed by using the asphalt mixture has been described as an example, but the third object layer 12 and the fourth object layer have been described as an example. Of course, either one or both of 13 may be composed of a material other than the asphalt mixture such as concrete.

Further, when the specimen 1 shown in FIGS. 12 and 13 is created, the third object layer 12 and the fourth object are placed on the first object layer 2 (upper side in FIG. 20) as described above. After constructing the second object layer 3 including the adhesive interface to which the layer 13 is adhered via the intervening layer 14, the second object layer 3 is further interposed with an appropriate intervening layer 16 on the constructed second object layer 3. The five-object layer 15 may be constructed. In the case of the specimen 1 shown in FIG. 14, the fifth object layer 15 is constructed only on the third object layer 12 and the intervening layer 14, or the fourth object layer 13 and the intervening layer 14 are formed. There is no fundamental difference in how it is created, only the difference is whether it is built on top of it. Further, the materials constituting the second object layer 12, the third object layer 13, and the fifth object layer 15 and the materials constituting the intervening layer 14 or 16 are as described above.

As described above, according to the interlayer adhesion breakage test method and test apparatus of the present invention, the interlayer adhesion breakage of a structure having an adhesive structure such as a pavement or a construction seam can be cut at the laboratory level without depending on the implementation work. It can be reproduced and tested with. The interlayer adhesion breakage test method and test device of the present invention are extremely useful means for extending the life of paved roads and bridge surface pavements, which are extremely important as social infrastructure, and their industrial use. The possibilities are truly enormous.

1 Specimen 2 1st object layer 3 2nd object layer 4, 14, 16 Intervening layer 5 Insertion tube 6 Fluid passage 7 Tire 8 Fluid cradle 9a, 9b, 9c Imaging camera 10 Distance meter 11 Continuity sensor 12 Third object layer 13 Fourth object layer 15 Fifth object layer 20 Delamination break test device 21 Fluid supply unit 22 Pressure release unit 23 Fluid supply path 24 Flow path switching unit 25 Control device 26 Constant greenhouse 31 Mesh-shaped sheet G Mass meter P Pressure gauge

Claims (13)

A method for testing delamination at the bonding interface of two object layers bonded directly or via an intervening layer.
The process of applying a fluid pressure load to the adhesive interface between the two object layers to be tested,
Including the process of monitoring the state of delamination of the adhesive interface under the fluid pressure load.
The step of applying the fluid pressure load is a first object layer in which a hollow insertion tube is penetrated inside, and one end of the insertion tube opens to the lower surface of the first object layer as a fluid discharge port and the other end. Uses a first object layer that is open to the outer surface of the first object layer as a fluid injection port, and a region including the fluid discharge port on the lower surface of the first object layer is formed on the upper surface of the second object layer. It is performed by supplying a fluid from the fluid inlet to the fluid discharge port in a state of being adhered directly to or via an intervening layer.
The adhesion interface between the lower surface of the first object layer and the upper surface of the second object layer is set as the test target interface.
Delamination test method. A method for testing delamination at the bonding interface of two object layers bonded directly or via an intervening layer.
The process of applying a fluid pressure load to the adhesive interface between the two object layers to be tested,
Including the process of monitoring the state of delamination of the adhesive interface under the fluid pressure load.
The step of applying the fluid pressure load is a first object layer in which a hollow insertion tube is penetrated inside, and one end of the insertion tube opens to the lower surface of the first object layer as a fluid discharge port and the other end. Uses a first object layer that is open to the outer surface of the first object layer as a fluid injection port, and a region including the fluid discharge port on the lower surface of the first object layer is formed on the upper surface of the second object layer. It is performed by supplying a fluid from the fluid inlet to the fluid discharge port in a state of being adhered directly to or via an intervening layer.
The second object layer includes a bonding interface between a third object layer and a fourth object layer bonded directly or via an intervening layer, and the region including the fluid discharge port of the first object layer is described above. The adhesive interface between the third object layer and the fourth object layer exposed at a position facing the fluid discharge port in a state of being adhered to the upper surface of the second object layer is set as the test target interface.
Delamination test method. The second object layer is an interface between the third object layer and / or the fifth object layer which is directly adhered to the fourth object layer or via an intervening layer, and the third object layer and the said. A second bonding interface continuous with the bonding interface of the fourth object layer is included, and the second bonding interface is used as a test target interface in addition to the bonding interface of the third object layer and the fourth object layer. The interlayer adhesion breakage test method according to claim 2. The interlayer adhesion breakage test method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the pressure of the fluid supplied to the fluid inlet periodically fluctuates between a pressurized state and a non-pressurized state. The interlayer according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the temperature of the fluid supplied to the fluid inlet is controlled and / or the interface to be tested is located in a temperature-controlled environment. Adhesion break test method. The step of monitoring the state of delamination of the adhesive interface to which the fluid pressure load is applied is to monitor the outflow amount and / or the outflow position of the fluid flowing out from the outer peripheral surface of the object layer forming the test interface. , Detecting the arrival of the fluid at a preset position, measuring the fluid pressure near the fluid inlet, measuring the amount of deformation of the outer peripheral surface of the object layer forming the test interface, or the object forming the test interface. The interfacial adhesion break test method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which is carried out by monitoring cracks in layers or by two or more of them. The interlayer adhesion breakout test method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the fluid supplied toward the fluid discharge port contains a tracer substance. At least one of the object layers forming the interface to be tested is a layer constructed by using an asphalt mixture, and the intervening layer is a tack coat layer, a prime coat layer, a joint material layer, or a waterproof material layer. The interlayer adhesion breakage test method according to any one of claims 1 to 7. A fluid supply unit that supplies fluid at a set predetermined pressure, a pressure release unit, a hollow insertion tube having a fluid injection port and a fluid discharge port, and a connection port that connects the insertion port to the fluid injection port of the insertion tube. It controls the operation of the flow path switching section and the flow path switching section that selectively connects the fluid supply path at one end and the other end of the fluid supply path to either the fluid supply section or the pressure release section. An interlayer adhesion break test device including a control device and a monitoring means for monitoring the state of interlayer adhesion breakage at the adhesion interface to be tested. The monitoring means is a means for monitoring the outflow amount and / or the outflow position of the fluid flowing out from the outer peripheral surface of the object layer forming the adhesive interface to be tested, and the means for monitoring the fluid arranged at a preset position. A means for detecting arrival, a means for measuring the pressure of the fluid in the vicinity of the fluid injection port, a means for measuring the amount of deformation of the object layer forming the adhesive interface to be tested, or an object layer forming the adhesive interface to be tested. The interfacial adhesion breakage test apparatus according to claim 9, which is a means for detecting cracks in the surface, or two or more of the above-mentioned means. The fluid supply unit is provided with a temperature control device for controlling the temperature of the fluid to be supplied, and / or is provided with a temperature control device for controlling the environmental temperature of the object layer forming the adhesive interface to be tested. The interlayer adhesion breakage test apparatus according to claim 9 or 10. A step of constructing a first object layer having a predetermined planar shape and thickness, a drilling step of making a hole through the first object layer substantially perpendicularly in the thickness direction at a substantially center of the first object layer, a hollow step. The step of inserting and fixing the insertion tube into the hole, the second object layer is constructed on one surface of the first object layer orthogonal to the hole, either directly or via an intervening layer, and the first object layer is constructed. The insertion tube comprises a step of adhering the second object layer and the second object layer directly or via an intervening layer, and the insertion tube is connected to an external conduit at an end opposite to the side to which the second object layer is adhered. The method for producing a specimen to be used in the interlayer adhesion breakage test method according to any one of claims 1 to 8 or the interlayer adhesion breakage test apparatus according to any one of claims 9 to 11, which comprises a connection portion. Prior to adhering the second object layer directly or via an intervening layer on one surface of the first object layer orthogonal to the hole, said on the insertion tube opening in the one surface. The method for producing a specimen according to claim 12, further comprising a step of installing a mesh-shaped sheet covering the opening of the insertion tube.

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