JP7257890B2 - Method for forming a recess in an excavable object - Google Patents

Description

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY According to the present invention, it is possible to reliably and appropriately cut out blocks from the wall surface of an excavable object such as a bedrock or a concrete body from the outside toward the inner depth in the depth direction. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method of forming recesses in an excavable object that can efficiently form recesses.

Techniques that can be used to excavate a bedrock or the like to form a recess are disclosed in Patent Documents 1 to 3, for example. In the "excavation method" of Patent Document 1, cylinders are arranged substantially parallel, and a part or all of them are placed on a sliding plate and inserted into a hole pre-drilled in bedrock or the like, and pressure is applied to the cylinder to apply pressure to the bedrock. etc. are crushed and excavated. At that time, a cylinder for pushing a wedge into the bedrock is installed at the same time for excavation, or a slit is cut in advance with a water jet or the like in the hole for excavation. Patent Literature 1 was intended to handle bedrock blocks by applying it to bedrock or the like surrounded by free surfaces.

The method for crushing rocks, etc., of Patent Document 2 is to drill a plurality of holes in a rock or the like, insert an elastic member into some of the plurality of holes, and insert an elastic member that expands with a liquid supplied to the inside. , a wedge driven by a fluid cylinder is inserted into another part of the plurality of holes, and a pressurized fluid is supplied to the elastic member and the fluid cylinder at the same time so that rocks and the like are pushed by the elastic member and the wedge. While crushing, the wedges are used to hold the gaps between the crushed rocks and the like.

In the "tunnel excavation method using a rock splitting device" of Patent Document 3, a horizontal slit hole and a tunnel outer peripheral slit hole are drilled parallel to the tunnel excavation axis, and a plurality of rock splitting holes are drilled parallel to the horizontal slit hole. Then, a crushing device using an elastic expansion body is inserted into each of the holes, and a hydraulic pressure generator connected to the device is controlled to generate cracks in the rock and create a gap between the rock splitting hole and the crushing device. , to facilitate removal of the hydraulic pressure generator.

Full specification of Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 61-202583 Japanese Patent Publication No. 4-28080 JP-A-7-317489

In any of the background arts, a crushing device or the like capable of crushing the bedrock or the like is provided in each of a plurality of holes formed side by side at intervals on the wall surface of the bedrock or the like, and cracks are generated from the holes by the crushing devices or the like. By doing so, it is possible to crush the bedrock and excavate.

Excluding Patent Document 1, which assumes that there is a free surface, when forming a recess in the wall surface of a bedrock or the like from the outside toward the inner depths, considering the application of Patent Documents 2 and 3, cracks generated from holes In other words, it is not always possible to form a series of cracks connecting the holes and block the bedrock. There is a problem that it requires a lot of time and effort because it requires a crushing operation.

In order to create a series of cracks connecting the holes so that the bedrock etc. can be blocked and a recess can be formed, a large number of holes are densely excavated so that the intervals are narrowed, and these holes are filled with cracks. On the other hand, it is necessary to install and operate a large number of crushing devices, etc., and there is a problem that excavation work and crushing work require a great deal of time and effort.

The present invention has been devised in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems, and is intended to reliably and appropriately form blocks from the outside toward the inner depths in the depth direction on the wall surface of an excavable object such as a bedrock or a concrete body. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for forming recesses in an excavable object capable of cutting out and efficiently forming recesses.

In the method of forming a recess in an excavable object according to the present invention, a recess is formed by cutting a block from the outside toward the inner depth in the depth direction in the wall surface of an excavable object such as a bedrock or a concrete body. A method for forming a groove, which includes excavating a contour groove from the wall surface of the object toward the inner depth with the contour shape of the recess and the inner object surrounded by the contour shape of the recess. From the wall surface toward the inner depths, dividing grooves are excavated so as to connect to the contour grooves and separated from each other in the vertical direction so that the blocks to be cut out are vertically adjacent to each other. A groove forming step in which the block is placed in a cantilevered state in which only the innermost side of the block is connected to the object; A device is installed, and after breaking the lower block of the blocks vertically adjacent to the cantilevered block whose inner and inner sides are connected to the object with the rock breaking device, a block breaking step of breaking the block from the object in order from the block at the bottom to the block at the top so as to break the block above from the object; and a recess forming step of removing the uppermost block and forming the recess in the wall surface of the object , wherein the dividing grooves are formed above and below the wall surface so that the blocks are vertically adjacent to each other. The blocks are spaced apart in the direction, and the size of the space is set narrower at the bottom and wider at the top so that the size of the upper block is larger than the size of the lower block.

The block breaking step is characterized in that, of the blocks adjacent to each other via the dividing groove, one of the blocks supports the expanding force and the other block is broken from the object.

In the block breaking step, among the vertically adjacent blocks, the lower block is broken from the object, and then the upper block is broken from the object.

The rock breaking device is installed in the contour groove to apply a widening force to widen the groove width, and the rock breaking device breaks the cantilevered block whose inner and inner sides are connected to the object from the object. It is characterized by including a block breaking step.

The additional block breaking step is characterized in that the object supports the spreading force to break the block from the object.

The dividing groove or the contour groove adjacent to the dividing groove in which the rock breaking device is installed is provided with a padding for obtaining a reaction force against the expanding force of the rock breaking device.

The excavation dimension of the contour ditch or the dividing ditch is at least twice the length of the rock breaking device installed in the ditch.

In the method for forming a recess in an excavable object according to the present invention, the wall surface of an excavable object such as a bedrock or a concrete body can be reliably and appropriately Blocks can be cut out, and recesses can be formed efficiently. Specifically, by sequentially breaking the block from the bottom block to the top block, when removing the blocks, a large gap can be formed between the target object and the block can be removed smoothly from the top block. can.

1 is a perspective view showing an example of a recess forming portion to which a method for forming a recess in an excavable object according to the present invention is applied; FIG. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a groove forming step in a preferred embodiment of the method for forming recesses in an excavable object according to the present invention; In FIG. 2, it is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA. FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of a drilling device used in the groove forming step shown in FIG. 2; FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a main portion of contour grooves, division grooves, and installation holes formed by the drilling apparatus shown in FIG. 4 ; FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram illustrating how a drilling bit is attached to the drilling bit of the drilling apparatus shown in FIG. 4 ; FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a block breaking step in a preferred embodiment of the method for forming recesses in an excavable object according to the present invention; FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of a rock breaking device used in the block breaking step shown in FIG. 7; 7. It is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a recess forming step in a preferred embodiment of the method for forming recesses in an excavable object according to the present invention; 11 is a cross-sectional view showing a recess formed in the object by the recess forming step shown in FIG. 10; FIG.

A preferred embodiment of the method for forming recesses in an excavable object according to the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. 1 to 11 sequentially show the procedure of the method for forming recesses in an excavable object according to the present embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 1, the recess forming method according to the present embodiment is applied to a wall surface 1a of an object 1 that can be excavated, such as a bedrock or a concrete body. , and is applied to the case of forming a sideways concave portion 2 (see FIGS. 10 and 11) toward the inner depth in the depth direction.

In the method for forming recesses in an excavable object according to the present embodiment, recesses 2 are formed by cutting out blocks 3 from an object 1 .

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, first, a groove forming step is performed to form narrow slot-like grooves P and Q on the wall surface 1a of the object 1 from the outside. Two types of grooves P and Q are formed.

One groove P is a contour groove P formed by the contour shape X (see FIG. 1) of the recess 2 by excavating in the horizontal direction from the wall surface 1a of the object 1 toward the inner depths. .

The contour groove P is formed continuously along the contour shape X of the recess 2 without interruption. In the illustrated example, the contour groove P has a pair of upward groove portions Pb extending upward from both ends of a bottom groove portion Pa extending along the lower edge of the wall surface 1a. They are connected in an arcuate form to form a series.

It is desirable to form the bottom groove portion Pa before the upward groove portion Pb. This is because if the upward groove portion Pb is formed first, a sinking load acts on the portion where the bottom groove portion Pa is to be formed later, making excavation difficult.

Further, by forming the bottom groove portion Pa, it is possible to prevent an unexpected crack that may occur in the object 1 from spreading to the surroundings.

Another groove Q is excavated in the horizontal direction from the wall surface 1a of the inner object 1 surrounded by the contour shape X (contour groove P) of the recess 2 toward the inner depth. A plurality of dividing grooves Q divide the inside of the contour shape X into individual blocks 3 to be cut out.

The dividing grooves Q are formed, for example, in a straight line at intervals in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction, and are formed so as to connect the starting end and the terminal end to the contour groove P. As shown in FIG. The dividing grooves Q are not limited to the vertical direction and the horizontal direction, and may be formed in other directions, or may be formed in a curved shape.

In the illustrated example, the dividing grooves Q are formed in a crossing grid pattern in the range surrounded by the contour grooves P, two vertically and three horizontally.

Either of the contour groove P and the dividing groove Q may be formed first. If the contour groove P is formed in advance, the edge cutting by the contour groove P can prevent the vibration generated when excavating the dividing groove Q from propagating to the object 1 .

The size of the block 3 to be cut out is defined by the size surrounded by the dividing grooves Q or by the dividing groove Q and the contour groove P. As shown in FIG. In the illustrated example, 12 blocks 3 are cut out in three rows in the horizontal direction and four rows in the vertical direction, with a size corresponding to the interval dimension of the dividing grooves Q. FIG.

As shown in FIG. 3, the contour groove P and the plurality of dividing grooves Q are formed with substantially the same excavation dimension in the depth direction from the wall surface 1a.

All the blocks 3 surrounded by the contour groove P and the partition groove Q and having the size defined are in the shape of a cantilevered quadrangular prism or triangular prism in which only the inner depth side 3a is connected to the object 1. It is said that

Both the contour grooves P and the dividing grooves Q formed in the groove forming process are formed using a drilling device 5 that drills holes 4 in the object 1 .

As shown in FIG. 4, this drilling device 5 is provided with a plurality of drilling bits 6, at least two or more, arranged side by side, and the holes 4 drilled and formed in one drilling operation are adjacent to each other. A series of continuous holes are formed between the mating ones.

4A is a plan view of the drilling device 5, and FIG. 4B is a front view of continuous holes formed by the drilling device 5. FIG. The figure shows an example of a drilling device 5 with two drilling bits 6 for drilling two holes 4 simultaneously.

As an example of this type of drilling device 5, “Slot Star” (trade name) manufactured by Okumura Corporation is known.

In the "Slot Star", a guide 7 is inserted into a pre-formed pilot hole, and two rods 8 each equipped with a drilling bit 6 are simultaneously reciprocated by a drifter in the front-rear direction. The holes 4 are drilled and formed simultaneously in a state where they are connected to each other.

Thereafter, by inserting the guide 7 into the drilled hole 4 and similarly driving the rod 8 with the drifter, two subsequent holes 4 are formed in a connected state.

By repeating this operation, as shown in FIG. 5, continuous continuous holes, that is, narrow slot-shaped contour grooves P and partition grooves Q whose groove width dimension is approximately equal to the hole diameter d of the hole 4 are formed. It has become so.

It goes without saying that the drilling device 5 may have a structure having a plurality of drilling bits 6 of three or more so that a plurality of holes 4 of three or more can be drilled at the same time.

In the groove forming step, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 5, the dividing grooves Q are provided with holes 4 so that a rock breaking device 9, which will be described later, can be installed, particularly a rock breaking device 9 with high output and high rock breaking performance. The installation hole 10 having a hole diameter D larger than the hole diameter d (substantially the groove width dimension of the dividing groove Q) is formed.

As will be described later in the block breaking step, when forming a sideways recess 2 in the wall surface 1a of the object 1 from the outside toward the inner depth in the depth direction, only the inner depth side 3a is attached to the target object 1. In order to break the connected cantilevered blocks 3, it is preferable to use the weight of the blocks 3 themselves. desirable.

Therefore, for each block 3, an installation hole 10 for installing a rock breaking device 9 is formed in the division groove Q on the upper side of each block 3 (in FIG. Qa installation hole 10a).

The above-described drilling device 5 shown in FIG. 4 has at least one of the drilling bits 6 provided with a hole ( A drilling bit 11 capable of drilling an installation hole 10) is detachably attached.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 5, the drilling device 5 uses the drilling bit 11 to simultaneously drill the hole 4 (form the dividing groove Q) by the adjacent drilling bit 6, that is, the dividing groove Q The installation hole 10 is formed at an appropriate timing during the forming work.

After the formation of the installation hole 10 is completed, the drilling bit 11 is removed from the drilling bit 6, and drilling of the hole 4 (formation of the dividing groove Q) is continued.

In the illustrated example, the upper side of the uppermost block 3 (block (d) in FIGS. 2 and 3) located at the center in the left-right direction is not the dividing groove Q but the contour groove P. Similarly, the installation hole 10 is formed at an appropriate timing during the contour groove P forming operation. The installation holes 10 may be collectively formed after the formation of the contour grooves P and the partition grooves Q is completed.

In order to efficiently proceed with the block breaking process using the rock splitting device 9, the installation holes 10 are further provided with an upward groove portion Pb of the contour groove P and a right side of each block 3 for each block 3 as necessary. and the left partition groove Q are additionally formed. However, if the rock breaking device 9 can be inserted into the hole 4, the additionally formed installation hole 10 does not necessarily have to be provided.

As shown in the figure, dividing grooves Q for dividing each block 3 to be broken from the object 1 by the rock splitting device 9 are formed in the left and right lateral directions, so that the blocks 3 are vertically adjacent to each other on the wall surface 1a. They are formed at intervals in the vertical direction, and at that time, the size of the upper block 3 is larger than the size of the lower block 3 (in FIGS. 2 and 3, block (a) and block (b), As shown in the relationship between block (b) and block (c)), the interval dimension (vertical interval dimension: H, H1<H2<H3<H4) is set narrower at the lower end and wider at the upper end.

Each block 3 is in a cantilevered state in which only its inner and inner side 3a is connected to the object 1, and the bonding strength between the block 3 and the object 1 is as high as the size (bonding area). is larger than the block 3 below.

In the illustrated example, the vertical interval dimension H of the dividing grooves Q is set so that the coupling strength increases sequentially from the lowermost block 3 (block (a)) to the uppermost block 3 (block (d)). , are set to increase sequentially from the bottom to the top (H1<H2<H3<H4).

By making the upper and lower blocks 3 different in bonding strength to the object 1 in this way, when the block 3 is broken by the rock breaking device 9, one block 3 (upper block) is placed on the support side that receives the force. , a breaking force can be effectively applied to the other block 3 (lower block).

After the contour grooves P and the dividing grooves Q are formed by the groove forming process, the block breaking process of breaking all of the blocks 3 from the object 1 is performed.

In the block breaking step, a rock breaking device 9 is installed in the dividing groove Q, specifically in the installation hole 10 as shown in FIG. be done.

It is preferable that the rock splitting device 9 has a long dimension in the depth direction of the dividing grooves Q, and is capable of widening the groove width over a predetermined long distance.

As an example of this type of rock splitting device 9, there is known a “Hydraulic Rock Splitter Rock Splitter” (trade name) manufactured by Chubu Rock Drill Service Co., Ltd.

As shown in FIG. 8, the "rock splitter", which is an example of the rock splitting device 9, has a rod-shaped cylinder 13 into which hydraulic pressure is introduced from a hydraulic pump 12. A plurality of pistons 14 protruded and driven from 13 by hydraulic pressure are arranged in the length direction of the cylinder 13, the cylinder 13 is inserted into the rock splitting target site, and the piston 14 is protruded from the cylinder 13 to cause cracks in the rock splitting target site. It's like

FIG. 8A is a perspective view of the rock splitting device 9 (rock splitter), and FIG. 8B is a side view showing the projecting operation of the piston 14 of the rock splitting device 9 (rock splitter).

In the block breaking step of the present embodiment, as described above, among the upper and lower blocks 3 adjacent to each other through the dividing groove Q, the upper block 3 is used as the supporting side, and the breaking force is applied to the lower block 3. As shown in FIGS. 7 and 9, the rock breaking device 9 has a cylinder 13 applied to the lower surface of the upper block 3 that supports the spreading force F, and a piston 14 that is protruded and driven to perform a breaking action. It is installed by inserting it into the installation hole 10 so as to face the lower block 3 that receives it.

Since the hole diameter D of the installation hole 10 is formed to be larger than the hole diameter d of the hole 4 forming the dividing groove Q, the block 3 can be broken by installing a high-output rock breaking device 9. - 特許庁

The rock splitting device 9 applies a widening force F for widening the groove width of the dividing groove Q to the upper and lower blocks 3 . By this expansion force F, as shown in FIG. 9, the lower block 3 is pushed down with respect to the upper block 3, and the cantilever is connected to the object 1 only by the object 1 and the inner depth side 3a. A split C is put into the block 3 in this state at the tip position of the rock splitting device 9 , and the block 3 is broken from the object 1 . At this time, the weight of the upper block 3 can also contribute to supporting the expansion force F.

By simply inserting the rock breaking device 9 shallowly into the dividing groove Q, it is possible to generate a maximum shearing force at the tip of the rock breaking device 9 as the lower block 3 is pushed down by the protrusion of the piston 14. Block 3 can be broken efficiently. It is preferable that the excavation dimension of the contour groove P and the dividing groove Q is longer than the length of the rock breaking device 9 installed in these grooves P and Q, particularly twice or more the length of the rock breaking device 9. . That is, if the excavation dimensions of the grooves P and Q are longer than twice the length dimension of the rock breaking device 9, the block 3 is split C almost along the length dimension of the rock breaking device 9, and thereby broken. After the block 3 is removed, by inserting the rock splitting device 9 into the hole 4 remaining at the back, the block 3 can be further broken from the object 1 using the already formed hole 4. can work efficiently.

At this time, since the upper block 3 has a greater bonding strength to the object 1 than the lower block 3, the rock breaking device 9 can be stably supported and operated.

Further, in the block breaking step, the rock breaking device 9 is installed in the dividing groove Q positioned above the block 3 to be broken.

In this way, when the rock breaking device 9 is operated on the lower block 3 to be broken to push down the lower block 3, the own weight of the lower block 3 itself can also contribute to the generation of cracks C. can.

In addition, since the rock breaking device 9 is installed in the dividing groove Q on the upper side of the block 3 below the target to be broken, the rock breaking device 9 is laid under the broken block 3, making it difficult to take out. can be avoided.

Breaking of the uppermost block 3 (for example, block (d) in FIGS. 2 and 3) is performed as an additional block breaking step after the block breaking step.

In the additional block breaking step, the rock breaking device 9 is installed in the installation hole 10 formed in the contour groove P so as to apply a widening force F that widens the groove width of the contour groove P. is performed in the same way as

Specifically, of the object 1 and the block 3 vertically adjacent to each other with the contour groove P therebetween, the rock splitting device 9 exerts a spreading force so as to apply a breaking force to the block 3 with the object 1 as a support side. A cylinder 13 is applied to the lower surface of the object 1 supporting F, and the piston 14 driven to protrude is inserted into the installation hole 10 and installed so as to face the block 3 subjected to the breaking action.

The rock breaking device 9 applies a widening force F for widening the groove width of the contour groove P to the object 1 and the block 3 . The expansion force F pushes down the block 3 with respect to the object 1, and the split C is inserted into the cantilevered block 3 connected to the object 1 only by the object 1 and the innermost side 3a. , and the block 3 is broken from the object 1 .

At this time, since the block 3 is only connected to the object 1 in a cantilevered state and has a small bonding strength, the expansion force F of the rock breaking device 9 is stably supported on the object 1 side to move the block 3. can be broken.

Furthermore, when the block 3 is pushed down by the rock breaking device 9, the weight of the block 3 itself can also contribute to the generation of the cracks C.

In the additional block breaking step, since the rock breaking device 9 is installed in the contour groove P, the object 1 does not fall down and can be taken out from the installation location without any trouble.

In the block breaking process described above, among the vertically adjacent blocks 3, after the lower block 3 is broken from the object 1, the upper block 3 is broken from the object 1, and the additional block breaking process is: I try to do it last.

Specifically, when the lowest block 3 (block (a) in FIGS. 2 and 3) is broken, this block 3 falls into the bottom groove portion Pa of the contour groove P. As shown in FIG. After that, when the block 3 directly above (block (b) in FIGS. 2 and 3) is broken, this block 3 is placed on the block 3 that has already been broken and dropped into the bottom groove portion Pa. It is dropped so that it sinks by the width of the groove.

In this order, as shown in FIG. 10, a large gap can be formed between the block 3 and the object 1 when removing the block 3 by sequentially breaking the blocks 3 from the bottom to the top. can be removed smoothly from the uppermost block 3 (block (d) in FIGS. 2 and 3).

Furthermore, in the block breaking process, rock breaking devices 9 are installed in the upward groove portion Pb of the contour groove P and also in the dividing grooves Q on the right and left sides of the block 3, which are additionally formed as necessary as described above. By doing so, the work of breaking the block 3 may be assisted, and the work may proceed efficiently.

In the block breaking step, as shown in FIG. 9, a filling 15 for obtaining a reaction force against the expanding force F of the rock breaking device 9 is placed in another dividing groove Q adjacent to the dividing groove Q in which the rock breaking device 9 is installed. may be provided.

Specifically, as described above, among the upper and lower blocks 3 vertically adjacent to each other through the dividing groove Q, the upper block 3 is used as the supporting side, and the breaking force is applied to the lower block 3. Since the rock breaking device 9 is installed in the installation hole 10 of the dividing groove Q on the lower block 3 to be broken, the filling 15 is spread by the expansion force F of the upper block 3 on the support side. For the purpose of obtaining a reaction force against the spreading force F of the rock splitting device 9 so as not to be lifted, it is provided by inserting it into another dividing groove Q on the upper block 3 .

The stuffing 15 is formed longer than the length of the cylinder 13 of the rock breaking device 9 and is inserted to a position deeper than the insertion depth of the rock breaking device 9 so as to obtain a sufficient reaction force.

By providing the stuffing 15, not the block 3 to be broken but the block 3 on the support side is broken, causing an unintended situation such as the rock breaking device 9 to be underlaid, which hinders the work. can be avoided.

Even when the contour groove P is adjacent to the dividing groove Q in which the rock breaking device 9 is installed, if the filling 15 for obtaining a reaction force against the spreading force F of the rock breaking device 9 is provided in the contour groove P, the breaking target can be obtained. block 3 can be accurately broken.

Finally, the block 3 broken from the object 1 is removed from the object 1, and a recess forming step of forming the recess 2 in the object 1 is performed.

As shown in FIG. 10, from the upper block 3 which is broken and piled up in order from the lower one to the lower block 3, wire hooking 16 etc. is carried out and pulled out by a heavy machine in order, and all the blocks are pulled out. Remove block 3.

The removal of the blocks 3 in the recess formation process may be performed after all the blocks 3 have been broken, or each row may be removed each time the blocks 3 in each of the three rows in the left-right direction have been completely broken. It may be performed individually or in any case.

If each row is removed individually, one block 3 adjacent in the left-right direction will not roll over to the other block 3 side, and the removal work can be performed smoothly.

By removing the block 3, as shown in FIG. 11, the object 1 after the removal of the block 3 is formed with a sideways concave portion 2 toward the inner depth in the depth direction.

The recesses 2 can be deeply excavated in the object 1 by starting from the groove forming step and performing the above steps again.

In the method of forming a recess in an excavable object according to the present embodiment described above, the wall surface 1a of various excavable objects 1 such as rocks and concrete bodies is provided with an inner depth from the outside in the depth direction. , the work of excavating the contour groove P with the contour shape X of the recess 2 and the wall surface 1a of the inner object 1 surrounded by the contour shape X of the recess 2 toward the inner depth, leading to the contour groove P , a groove forming step is carried out in which the division grooves Q for dividing the blocks 3 to be cut out are excavated, and the blocks 3 to be cut out are in a cantilevered state in which only the inner depth side 3a thereof is connected to the object 1. Therefore, the blocks 3 can be reliably formed by the contour grooves P and the partitioning grooves Q without expecting cracking as in the background art. By installing a rock breaking device 9 that applies a force F and performing a block breaking step of breaking the block 3 in a cantilevered state, which is connected to the object 1 only on the inner/back side 3a, from the object 1 by the rock breaking device 9, Since the block 3 can be reliably broken at the inner depth side 3a of the block 3, the block 3 can be appropriately cut out and the recess 2 can be efficiently formed in the object 1. - 特許庁

Since the block 3 is cut out, except for the groove forming process of forming the hole 4 and the installation hole 10 by the drilling device 5, there is no work that generates noise and vibration such as rock drilling or blasting with a breaker, which adversely affects the surrounding environment. The recess 2 can be statically formed without exerting a

The rock breaking device 9 can generate a maximum shearing force at the tip position of the rock breaking device 9 to break the block 3 accurately.

The dividing grooves Q are formed at intervals in the vertical direction of the wall surface 1a so that the blocks 3 are vertically adjacent to each other, and are spaced apart so that the size of the upper block 3 is larger than the size of the lower block 3. Since the dimension H is set narrower at the lower end and wider at the upper end, the upper block 3 can have a greater bonding strength with the object 1 than the lower block 3. By making the block 3 have different bonding strengths to the object 1, when the block 3 is broken by the rock breaking device 9, the upper block 3 is broken into the lower block 3 as a support side receiving force. Power can be used effectively.

In the block breaking step, one of the blocks 3 adjacent to each other via the dividing groove Q supports the expansion force F, and the other block 3 is broken from the object 1. The target block 3 can be specified and the breaking work can be proceeded, and it is possible to avoid the occurrence of trouble in the work due to the unintended block 3 being broken.

In the block breaking process, since the rock breaking device 9 is installed in the division groove Q positioned above the block 3 to be broken, the rock breaking device 9 is operated above the lower block 3 to be broken, and the lower block 3 is broken. is pushed down, the weight of the block 3 itself below this can also be used to generate the crack C.

In addition, since the rock breaking device 9 is installed in the dividing groove Q on the upper side of the block 3 below the target to be broken, the rock breaking device 9 is laid under the broken block 3, making it difficult to take out. can be avoided.

In the block breaking step, among the vertically adjacent blocks 3, after breaking the lower block 3 from the object 1, the upper block 3 is broken from the object 1. Therefore, when removing the block 3, the object 1 A large gap can be formed between and can be smoothly removed from the uppermost block 1.例文帳に追加

A rock breaking device 9 is installed in the contour groove P to apply a widening force F for widening the groove width, and the cantilevered block 3 connected to the object 1 on the inner side 3a is broken from the object 1 by the rock breaking device 9. All blocks 3 can be appropriately cut out, since an additional block breaking step is included for each block.

In the additional block breaking step, the expansion force F is supported by the object 1 to break the block 3 from the object 1, so that the strength of the object 1 can be used to reliably break the block 3. can.

Other dividing grooves Q or contour grooves P adjacent to the dividing groove Q in which the rock breaking device 9 is installed are provided with fillings 15 for obtaining a reaction force against the spreading force F of the rock breaking device 9. The block 3 can be accurately broken, and the work can be prevented from being broken due to the block 3 on the supporting side being broken.

In the above embodiment, the drilling device 5 in which a plurality of drilling bits 6, at least two or more, are arranged side by side was described as an example. Of course you can.

In addition, the filling 15 for obtaining a reaction force against the expanding force F of the rock breaking device 9 is not only installed in the dividing groove Q between the block 3 to be broken and the block 3 adjacent above it, but also The filling 15 may be provided continuously to the dividing groove Q between the blocks 3 and further to the contour groove P on the upper side of these blocks 3. When the filling 15 is provided to the contour groove P, the rock breaking device 9 can be supported by the object 1.

The maximum weight of the block 3 is set to be equal to or less than the weight that can be moved by the lifting machine used for the removal work. In this embodiment, the vertical interval dimension H of the dividing grooves Q is gradually increased from the bottom to the top so that the coupling strength is increased sequentially from the block 3 at the bottom to the block 3 at the top. , but it is not necessarily limited to this, and the interval dimension H may be the same.

REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 Excavable object 1a Wall surface 2 Recess 3 Block 3a Inner side of block 9 Rock splitting device 15 Stuffing F Expanding force for widening groove width H Dimension of interval between division grooves P Contour groove Q Division groove X Outline of recess shape

Claims (7)

A method of forming a recess by cutting a block from the outside toward the inner depth in the depth direction in the wall surface of an excavable object such as a bedrock or a concrete body, comprising:
Work of excavating a contour groove in the contour shape of the recess toward the inner depth from the wall surface of the object, and from the wall surface of the inner target surrounded by the contour shape of the recess toward the inner depth , a division groove is excavated so as to be connected to the contour groove and separated from each other in the vertical direction so that the blocks to be cut out are vertically adjacent to each other. a groove forming step in which only one side is connected to the object in a cantilevered state;
A rock breaking device that applies a spreading force to widen the width of the groove is installed in the dividing groove located above the cut block, and the rock breaking device divides the cantilevered block that is connected to the object on the inner and rear sides. , of the vertically adjacent blocks, after the lower block is broken from the object, the upper block is broken from the object, from the bottom block to the top block a step of breaking blocks sequentially from the object;
a recess forming step of removing the block broken from the object from the uppermost block and forming the recess in the wall surface of the object ;
The partitioning grooves are formed at intervals in the vertical direction of the wall surface so that the blocks are adjacent to each other in the vertical direction, and the partition grooves are spaced apart such that the size of the upper block is larger than the size of the lower block. is set narrower at the bottom and wider at the top . The block breaking step is characterized in that, of the blocks adjacent to each other via the dividing groove, one of the blocks supports the expansion force, and the other block is broken from the object. Item 2. A method for forming recesses in an excavable object according to item 1. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the block breaking step, among the vertically adjacent blocks, the lower block is broken from the object, and then the upper block is broken from the object. A method of recessing an excavable object as described. The rock breaking device is installed in the contour groove to apply a widening force to widen the groove width, and the rock breaking device breaks the cantilevered block whose inner and inner sides are connected to the object from the object. A method of forming recesses in an excavable object according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it comprises a block breaking step. 5. Recessing in an excavable object according to claim 4 , wherein said additional block breaking step supports a spreading force on said object to break said block from said object. Method. 3. The dividing groove adjacent to the dividing groove in which the rock breaking device is installed or the contour groove is provided with a padding for obtaining a reaction force against the expanding force of the rock breaking device. 6. A method for forming recesses in an excavable object according to any one of items 1 to 5 . Excavable according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the excavation dimension of the contour groove or the dividing groove is at least twice the length dimension of the rock breaking device installed in these grooves. method of forming recesses in an object.

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