JP7254483B2 - Stator secondary windings to modify permanent magnet (PM) magnetic fields - Google Patents

Description

The present disclosure relates to permanent magnet synchronous generators (PMSG). In particular, the present disclosure relates to stator secondary windings for modifying PMSG permanent magnet (PM) magnetic fields.

In a permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG), permanent magnets (PM) attached to a rotor coupled to the shaft of the machine produce a constant magnetic field. In the event of a short-circuit fault, the constant magnetic field strength of the permanent magnet will continue to excite the stator winding of the generator as long as the rotor rotates, resulting in a large short-circuit current until the machine comes to a complete stop. . This continuous and large short circuit current can cause significant damage to the generator and render it unusable.

At present, the conventional method used for generator short circuit protection is the use of thermomagnetic circuit breakers installed in the line. A disadvantage of using this type of circuit breaker is that thermal effects require a relatively long time to operate. Moreover, this circuit breaker is also subject to failure. In either of these cases the circuit breaker may not be able to protect the generator.

Therefore, an improved design for generator short circuit protection is needed.

The present disclosure relates to methods, systems, and apparatus for secondary windings for modifying the permanent magnet (PM) magnetic field of a permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG). In one or more examples, a method for a permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) includes rotating a permanent magnet (PM) of the PMSG. The method further includes generating a permanent magnet magnetic field from a rotating permanent magnet. In one or more examples, the permanent magnet magnetic field is coupled through multiple stator primary windings (SPWs) of the PMSG. Additionally, the method includes generating a primary current from the permanent magnet magnetic field by a stator primary winding. Further, the method includes drawing secondary current from the power supply by means of multiple stator secondary windings (SSW) of the PMSG. Additionally, the method includes generating a stator secondary winding magnetic field from the secondary current by the stator secondary winding. In one or more examples, the permanent magnet magnetic field and the stator secondary winding magnetic field together create the total magnetic field of the PMSG.

In at least one example, the stator secondary winding magnetic field counteracts, weakens, or enhances the permanent magnet magnetic field. In some examples, permanent magnets are attached to the rotor. In one or more examples, the primary current is three-phase current. In at least one example, the power source is a three-phase power source (TPS). In some examples, the secondary current is a three-phase sinusoidal current or a three-phase quasi-sinusoidal current.

In one or more examples, the power supply includes a controller, a plurality of switches, and a direct current (DC) power supply. In some examples, the switches form inverters. In at least one example, the method further includes comparing, by the controller, the load current to a reference maximum current. In some examples, the method further includes generating a plurality of pulse trains by the controller when the load current is greater than the maximum current. In one or more examples, the method further includes using the pulse train to switch the plurality of switches to produce the secondary current.

In at least one example, a system for a permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) includes a PMSG permanent magnet (PM) that rotates to generate a permanent magnet magnetic field. The system further includes a plurality of stator primary windings (SPWs) of the PMSG that generate primary current from the permanent magnet magnetic field. The system also includes multiple stator secondary windings (SSW) of the PMSG that draw secondary current from the power source and generate stator secondary winding magnetic fields from the secondary current. In one or more examples, the permanent magnet magnetic field and the stator secondary winding magnetic field together create the total magnetic field of the PMSG.

In one or more examples, the controller compares load current to maximum current. In some examples, the controller generates multiple pulse trains when the load current is greater than the maximum current. In at least one example, multiple switches are switched using a pulse train to induce a secondary current.

Features, functions, and advantages may be achieved independently in various instances of the disclosure or may be combined in yet other instances.

These and other features, aspects and advantages of the present disclosure will become better understood with regard to the following description, appended claims, and accompanying drawings.

で、永久磁石（PM）の磁場

を打ち消して、短絡保護をもたらすことができるのかを示す表である。
本開示の少なくとも1つの例による図2の本開示の永久磁石同期発電機（PMSG）の永久磁石（PM）によって生成される典型的な励磁磁場

および固定子二次巻線（SSW）によって生成される典型的な励磁磁場

を示すグラフである。
本開示の少なくとも1つの例による永久磁石同期発電機（PMSG）の永久磁石（PM）磁場を修正するための固定子二次巻線（SSW）のための本開示のシステムを示す図である。 本開示の少なくとも1つの例による図6Aの永久磁石同期発電機（PMSG）の永久磁石（PM）磁場を修正するための固定子二次巻線（SSW）のための本開示のシステムのコントローラーの機能図である。 本開示の少なくとも1つの例に従って、どのようにして図2の本開示の永久磁石同期発電機（PMSG）の固定子二次巻線（SSW）によって生成される磁場

で、永久磁石（PM）の磁場

を弱めることができるのかを示すグラフである。
本開示の少なくとも1つの例に従って、どのようにして図2の本開示の永久磁石同期発電機（PMSG）の固定子二次巻線（SSW）によって生成される磁場

で、永久磁石（PM）の磁場

を強めることができるのかを示すグラフである。
本開示の少なくとも1つの例による永久磁石同期発電機（PMSG）の永久磁石（PM）磁場を修正するための固定子二次巻線（SSW）のための本開示の方法を示すフロー図である。 1 shows a conventional Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator (PMSG) together with the three-phase current generated by the stator primary winding (SPW) of the generator; FIG. A Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator (PMSG) of the present disclosure using a Stator Secondary Winding (SSW) according to at least one example of the present disclosure is combined with a three-phase current generated by the Stator Primary Winding (SPW) and a stationary FIG. 4 is a diagram showing three-phase currents flowing through a child secondary winding (SSW); 3 is a diagram of a typical three-phase power supply (TPS) according to at least one example of the present disclosure that may be employed for use in the permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) of the present disclosure of FIG. 2; FIG. 3B is a graph illustrating typical sinusoidal currents that may be generated by the three-phase power supply (TPS) of FIG. 3A in accordance with at least one example of the present disclosure; FIG. 4 is a graph illustrating a typical stator secondary winding magnetic field (ψ _ssw ) produced by the stator secondary winding (SSW) of the permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) of FIG. 2 in accordance with at least one example of the present disclosure; is. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating the permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) of the present disclosure of FIG. 2 facing a short circuit (SC) fault according to at least one example of the present disclosure; FIG. According to at least one example of the present disclosure, how is the magnetic field generated by the stator secondary winding (SSW) of the permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) of the present disclosure of FIG.

and the magnetic field of a permanent magnet (PM)

can be canceled to provide short circuit protection.
A typical excitation magnetic field generated by a permanent magnet (PM) of the permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) of the present disclosure of FIG. 2 according to at least one example of the present disclosure

and a typical excitation field produced by the stator secondary winding (SSW)

is a graph showing
1 illustrates a system of the disclosure for a stator secondary winding (SSW) for modifying a permanent magnet (PM) magnetic field of a permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) according to at least one example of the disclosure; FIG. 6B of the controller of the system of the present disclosure for the stator secondary winding (SSW) for modifying the permanent magnet (PM) magnetic field of the permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) of FIG. 6A according to at least one example of the present disclosure. It is a functional diagram. According to at least one example of the present disclosure, how is the magnetic field generated by the stator secondary winding (SSW) of the permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) of the present disclosure of FIG.

and the magnetic field of a permanent magnet (PM)

can be weakened.
According to at least one example of the present disclosure, how is the magnetic field generated by the stator secondary winding (SSW) of the permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) of the present disclosure of FIG.

and the magnetic field of a permanent magnet (PM)

It is a graph showing whether it is possible to strengthen
2 is a flow diagram illustrating a method of the present disclosure for a stator secondary winding (SSW) to modify a permanent magnet (PM) magnetic field of a permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) according to at least one example of the present disclosure; FIG. .

The methods and apparatus disclosed herein provide an efficient system for secondary windings to modify the permanent magnet (PM) magnetic field of a permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG). In one or more examples, the system of the present disclosure enables modification of the permanent magnet magnetic field of a permanent magnet synchronous generator through stator secondary winding (SSW) design and control methods. In particular, the system of the present disclosure uses stator secondary windings in permanent magnet synchronous generators. In at least one example, the stator secondary windings (1) produce a magnetic field to counteract the permanent magnet magnetic field of a permanent magnet synchronous generator and protect the generator from short circuit (SC) faults. In some examples, the stator secondary windings generate a magnetic field to (2) weaken or (3) strengthen the permanent magnet magnetic field of the permanent magnet synchronous generator. Specifically, the stator secondary windings provide protection against short circuit faults and also allow control of the flux linkage of the main magnetic field of the permanent magnets to weaken or strengthen the magnetic field.

As already mentioned, in a PMSG, permanent magnets attached to a rotor coupled to the shaft of the device produce a constant magnetic field. In the event of a short-circuit fault, the constant permanent magnet field strength continues to energize the generator stator winding (i.e., the stator primary winding) for as long as the rotor rotates, resulting in the machine being completely A large short-circuit current continues to flow until it stops. This continuous and large short circuit current can cause significant damage to the generator and render it unusable.

The conventional method currently used for generator short-circuit protection is the use of line-mounted thermomagnetic circuit breakers. A disadvantage of using this type of circuit breaker is that thermal effects require a relatively long time to operate. Moreover, this circuit breaker is also subject to failure. In either of these cases the circuit breaker may not be able to protect the generator. The system of the present disclosure generates a magnetic field in a permanent magnet synchronous generator stator secondary winding (SSW) to counteract the generator's permanent magnet magnetic field to protect the generator from short circuit faults.

In the following description, numerous details are set forth to provide a more complete description of the system. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the disclosed system may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well known features have not been described in detail so as not to unnecessarily obscure the system. Examples of the disclosure herein may be described in terms of functional and/or logical components and various processing steps. It should be appreciated that such components may be realized by any number of hardware, software, and/or firmware components configured to perform the specified functions. For example, one example of this disclosure is various integrated circuit components (e.g., memory devices, digital signal processing, etc.) capable of performing various functions under the control of one or more processors, microprocessors, or other control devices. elements, logic elements, look-up tables, etc.). Further, those skilled in the art will be able to implement the examples of the present disclosure in combination with other components, such as the systems described herein. is merely an example of the present disclosure.

For the sake of brevity, the conventional techniques and components associated with the generator, as well as other functional aspects of the system (and the individual operational components of the system) are not described in detail herein. Additionally, the connecting lines shown in the various figures contained herein are intended to represent exemplary functional relationships and/or physical couplings between the various elements. It should be noted that numerous alternative or additional functional relationships or physical connections may exist in the examples of this disclosure.

FIG. 1 shows a conventional permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) 100 together with a three-phase current 110 generated by the stator primary winding (SPW) 120 of the generator. In this figure, PMSG 100 is circular in shape and comprises a plurality of bars 150 . In this figure, PMSG 100 has six bars 150 . On six bars 150, three pairs of stator primary windings (SPW) 120 are configured, phase A winding (a−a′), phase B winding (bb′), and phase C winding (cc'). Each winding comprises two coils (eg, the A phase winding comprises coil a and coil a'), and each coil can include multiple turns (in FIG. 1, each 3 turns are shown as an example). Also, in FIG. 1, the diagram on the left shows the physical diagram of the PMSG 100, and the diagram on the right shows the electrical symbol of the three-phase stator primary winding 120. As shown in FIG.

PMSG 100 further comprises permanent magnets (PM) 130 . Permanent magnets 130 are attached to a rotor (not shown) coupled to the shaft of a prime mover (eg, machine) (not shown). Permanent magnet 130 is depicted in the form of an elongated bar having a north end (marked "N") and a south end (marked "S"). It should be noted that permanent magnet 130 may be manufactured in a variety of different shapes other than the elongated bar shown in FIG. Further, it should be noted that permanent magnet 130 may have more pairs of magnetic poles (eg, north and south ends) than shown in FIG. 1, two or more.

When the machine is operating, the rotor rotates in the direction of arrow 140 and thus the permanent magnets 130 rotate accordingly. Rotation of the permanent magnet 130 creates a constant excitation magnetic field (eg, permanent magnet magnetic field)

produce. This constant excitation field (e.g. permanent magnet field)

couple through (ie, spread through) the coils of the stator primary winding 120 to generate a three-phase current (eg, primary current) 110 in the stator primary winding 120 . Total magnetic field of PMSG100

is the permanent magnet magnetic field

Note that it contains only

FIG. 2 illustrates a permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) 200 of the present disclosure using a stator secondary winding (SSW) 260 according to at least one example of the present disclosure generated by a stator primary winding (SPW) 220. 210 is shown together with three-phase current 210 flowing through the stator secondary winding (SSW) 260 and three-phase current 270 flowing through the stator secondary winding (SSW) 260. FIG. The disclosed PMSG 200 of FIG. 2 is similar to the conventional PMSG 100 of FIG. 1, except that the disclosed PMSG 200 further comprises a stator secondary winding 260.

In this figure, PMSG 200 is circular in shape and comprises a plurality of bars 250 . In this figure, PMSG 200 has six bars 250 . It should be noted that in other examples, PMSG 200 may have more or fewer bars 250 than the six bars 250 shown in FIG. On six bars 250, three pairs of stator primary windings (SPW) 220 are configured, phase A winding (a-a'), phase B winding (b-b'), and phase C winding (cc'). Each winding comprises two coils (eg, the A phase winding comprises coil a and coil a'), and each coil can include multiple turns (in FIG. 2, each 3 turns are shown as an example).

Further, in this figure, three pairs of stator secondary windings (SSW) 260 are configured on six bars 250, A phase winding (a−a′), B phase winding (b− b'), and C-phase winding (cc'). Each winding comprises two coils (eg, the A phase winding comprises coil a and coil a'), and each coil can include multiple turns (in FIG. 2, each 1 turn is shown as an example).

Also, in FIG. 2, the left diagram shows the physical diagram of the PMSG 100, the upper right diagram shows the electrical symbols of the three-phase stator primary winding 220, and the lower right diagram shows the three-phase stator secondary winding. The electrical symbol for the next winding 260 is shown.

PMSG 200 further comprises permanent magnets (PM) 230 . Permanent magnets 230 are attached to a rotor (not shown) coupled to the shaft of a prime mover (eg, machine) (not shown). In one or more examples, the machine may be the motor or engine of a vehicle such as an air vehicle (eg, an aircraft), a ground vehicle (eg, a truck or passenger car), or a marine vehicle (eg, a ship or boat). Permanent magnet 230 is depicted in the form of an elongated bar having a north end (marked "N") and a south end (marked "S"). It should be noted that in one or more examples, permanent magnet 230 may be manufactured in a variety of different shapes other than the elongated bar shown in FIG. Additionally, it should be noted that permanent magnet 230 may have more than two pairs of magnetic poles (eg, north and south ends) than shown in FIG.

When the machine is operating, the rotor rotates in the direction of arrow 240 and thus the permanent magnets 230 rotate accordingly. Rotation of the permanent magnet 230 creates a constant excitation magnetic field (eg, permanent magnet magnetic field)

produce. This constant excitation field (e.g. permanent magnet field)

couple through (ie, spread through) the coils of the stator primary winding 220 to generate a three-phase current (eg, primary current) 210 in the stator primary winding 220 .

Also, during operation, the stator primary windings 220 generate a three-phase current (eg, primary current) 210 for power distribution. Stator secondary winding 260 of PMSG 200 draws three-phase current (eg, secondary current) 270 from a power supply (eg, see 300 in FIGS. 3A and 6A). Details regarding the operation of a typical power supply are provided below in the description of FIGS. 6A and 6B.

The three-phase current (eg, secondary current) 270 is a specially tuned three-phase sinusoidal current (eg, see FIG. 3B) or a three-phase quasi-sinusoidal current. A three-phase current (e.g., secondary current) 270 injected into the stator secondary winding 260 couples with the stator primary winding 220 to produce a stator secondary winding magnetic field.

creates a rotating magnetic field that produces permanent magnet magnetic field

and the stator secondary winding magnetic field

together produce the total magnetic field (ψ _gen ) of PMSG 200. In one or more examples, the stator secondary winding magnetic field

is the permanent magnet magnetic field

is canceled and added to or subtracted from the permanent magnet field, yielding the permanent magnet field

The original total magnetic field of PMSG200 containing only

Note that modifying (eg, canceling, enhancing, or weakening) the .

If the PMSG 200 is manufactured with more or fewer bars 250 than the six bars 250 shown in FIG. 300) may be more or less than three phases. Specifically, the primary current 210, secondary current 270, and power supply (see, e.g., 300 in FIGS. 3A and 6A) are each considered to include a number of phases equal to half the number of bars 250 in PMSG 200. be done. For example, if PMSG 200 is manufactured with eight bars, each of primary current 210, secondary current 270, and power supply would include four phases.

FIG. 3A is a diagram of a typical three-phase power supply (TPS) 300 according to at least one example of the disclosure that may be employed for use in the permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) 200 of the disclosure of FIG. In this figure, the PMSG 200's stator secondary winding 260 is connected to a three-phase power supply 300 . The three-phase power supply 300 comprises a controller 310 , a plurality of switches (eg, 6 switches) 320 and a voltage source (eg, direct current voltage source (Vdc)) 330 . It should be noted that in other examples, the number of switches in plurality of switches 320 may be less or more than the number of switches as shown in FIG. 3A (i.e., six switches). is.

During operation of the three-phase power supply 300, the voltage source 330 supplies voltage while the controller 310 directs the plurality of switches 320 to switch. Switching of the plurality of switches 320 produces a three-phase current (eg, secondary current) 270 drawn by the stator secondary windings 260 of PMSG 200 . Three-phase current (eg, secondary current) 270 includes three sinusoidal currents (see FIG. 3B) offset in time by one-third of the period.

FIG. 3B is a graph illustrating typical sinusoidal currents that may be generated by the three-phase power supply (TPS) 300 of FIG. 3A according to at least one example of this disclosure. In particular, this figure shows a typical sinusoidal waveform of a three-phase current (eg, secondary current) 270 produced by a three-phase power supply (TPS) 300. FIG. In this graph, the x-axis indicates time and the y-axis indicates amplitude (in volts).

During operation of the PMSG 200 (see FIG. 2), when a three-phase current (e.g., secondary current) 270 is drawn by the stator secondary windings 260, the energized stator secondary windings 260 are spatially Rotating magnetic field (i.e. stator secondary winding magnetic field)

(see Figure 3C).

FIG. 3C illustrates a typical stator secondary winding magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) stator secondary winding (SSW) 260 of FIG. 2 according to at least one example of this disclosure.

is a graph showing In this figure, the stator secondary winding magnetic field

is the flux linkage phasor of the stator secondary winding 260, where ω is the rotor speed and θ is the rotor position angle.

FIG. 4A is a schematic diagram illustrating the permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) 200 of this disclosure of FIG. 2 facing a short circuit (SC) fault 400 according to at least one example of this disclosure. In one or more examples, the PMSG 200 experiences a phase-to-phase short circuit fault 400 during operation. In other cases, at least one of the stator primary windings 220 experiences a short to ground (ie, a phase-to-ground short). When the PMSG 200 faces a short circuit fault 400, the system of the present disclosure reduces the total magnetic field of the PMSG 200

The permanent magnet magnetic field produced by the permanent magnet such that is equal to zero

The stator secondary winding magnetic field canceling the

short-circuit protection can be provided for the PMSG 200 by having the stator secondary winding 260 generate a , (see FIG. 4B).

FIG. 4B illustrates how the magnetic field generated by the stator secondary winding (SSW) 260 of the disclosed permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) 200 of FIG. 2, according to at least one example of the present disclosure.

and the magnetic field of a permanent magnet (PM) 230

can be canceled to provide short circuit protection. In this table, the first row of the table indicates that the stator secondary winding 260 is the stator secondary winding magnetic field

and the second row of the table shows how the permanent magnet 230 produces a permanent magnet magnetic field

indicates whether or not the permanent magnet magnetic field

is the flux linkage phasor of the permanent magnet 230, where ω is the rotor speed and θ is the rotor position angle.

The right column of the table shows the magnetic field of the permanent magnet

A stator secondary winding magnetic field equal in magnitude and opposite in phase to

but how does the permanent magnet magnetic field

to cancel the total magnetic field of PMSG200

set to zero (0)

It shows whether

FIG. 5 illustrates a typical excitation magnetic field generated by a permanent magnet (PM) 230 of the permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) 200 of the present disclosure of FIG. 2 according to at least one example of the present disclosure.

and a typical excitation field produced by the stator secondary winding (SSW) 260

is a graph showing The following equations related to FIG. 5 describe how the magnetic field produced by the stator secondary winding 260

is the magnetic field generated by permanent magnet 230

shows the formula for what is mathematically related to .

A specific example given in the equation below is the magnetic field generated by permanent magnet 230 for short circuit protection.

magnetic field that cancels

shows how to calculate the three-phase current (eg, secondary current) 270 drawn by the stator secondary winding 260 in order to generate .

The magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet 230 is

and

is constant and depends on the PM material and the structure produced.

θ ₁ is measurable.
The magnetic flux generated by the stator secondary winding 260 is as follows.

where k is a constant and is determined by the material and construction of the generator.

In order to completely cancel

is.
therefore,

and
_θ2 = 90 + _θ1
is.

Finally, the controller 310 of the three-phase power supply 300 applies the three-phase current ( For example, a secondary current) 270 is commanded to be injected into the PMSG 200's stator secondary winding 260 .

に加算され、あるいは永久磁石230が発生される磁場から引き算される磁場（ψ_ssw）を固定子二次巻線260によって発生させるために、固定子二次巻線260によって引き出されるべき三相電流（例えば、二次電流）270を計算できることに、注意すべきである。 Using the above formula (with slight modifications), the magnetic field generated by permanent magnet 230 is

The three-phase current to be drawn by the stator secondary windings 260 to produce a magnetic field (ψ _ssw ) that is added to or subtracted from the magnetic field produced by the permanent magnets 230, Note that (eg secondary current) 270 can be calculated.

FIG. 6A illustrates a permanent magnet (PM) magnetic field of a permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) 200 according to at least one example of this disclosure.

260 shows a system of the present disclosure for a stator secondary winding (SSW) 260 for modifying . In this figure, a three-phase power supply (TPS) 300 comprises a controller 310 , a plurality of switches (eg, 6 switches) 320 and a voltage source (eg, direct current power supply (Vdc)) 330 . In one or more examples, switch 320 forms an inverter.

FIG. 6B illustrates the permanent magnet (PM) magnetic field of the permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) 200 of FIG. 6A according to at least one example of this disclosure.

3 is a functional diagram of controller 310 of the system of the present disclosure for stator secondary winding (SSW) 260 to modify .

6A and 6B, during operation of three-phase power supply 300, primary sensor (eg, current transducer) 620 detects three-phase current (eg, primary current) 210 produced by stator primary winding 220. do. Primary sensor 620 then produces primary current signal (I _load ) (ie, a measurement of primary current) 610 based on sensed three-phase current (eg, primary current) 210 .

Also in operation, secondary sensors (eg, current transducers) 660 detect three-phase currents (eg, secondary currents) 270 drawn by stator secondary windings 260 . Secondary sensor 660 then generates a secondary current signal (I _SSW ) (ie, a measurement of secondary current) 670 based on sensed three-phase current (eg, secondary current) 270 .

In operation, voltage source 330 supplies voltage while controller receives primary current signal (I _load ) 610 from primary sensor (eg, current transducer) 620 and outputs from secondary sensor (eg, current transducer) 660 . A secondary current signal (I _SSW ) 670 is received and the rotor position angle θ of the permanent magnets 230 is received.

A comparator 600 of controller 310 compares the primary current signal (I _load ) 610 to a predetermined maximum current (I _max ) to determine if I _load 610 is greater than I _max . If the comparator 600 determines that I _load 610 is less than or equal to I _max , this determination indicates that the PMSG 200 is not facing a short circuit fault 400, and the comparator moves switch 620 of controller 310 to the "No" position. output a signal (eg, a "0" signal) to switch to (eg, the first position). After switch 620 is switched to the "No" position, at least one processor (not shown) of controller 310 simply sends primary current signal (I _load ) 610 to controller 310 as a predetermined maximum current (I _max ). Just cause the comparator 600 process of comparing and determining if I _load 610 is greater than I _max to repeat, and do nothing else (ie, zero) 610 .

However, if the comparator 600 determines that I _load 610 is greater than I _max , this indicates that the PMSG 200 is experiencing a short circuit fault 400, the comparator will move switch 620 to the "Yes" position (i.e. , second position) to output a signal (eg, a “1” signal). After switch 620 is switched to the “Yes” position, the processor of controller 310 uses the equation of Equation 1 above along with the rotor position angle θ of permanent magnet 230 to perform permanent magnet Magnetic field generated by 230

Calculate the three-phase currents (eg, the calculated secondary currents) drawn by the stator secondary windings 260 in order to produce a magnetic field (φ _ssw ) that cancels the .

Although the functional diagram of FIG. 6B specifies the use of the equation of Equation 1, in other examples, a slight modification of the equation of Equation 1 is used instead of the equation of Equation 1 so that the permanent magnet 230 The magnetic field generated by

stator secondary winding magnetic field to strengthen or weaken

Note that we can generate

Subtractor 630 of controller 310 then subtracts the calculated three-phase current (eg, calculated secondary current) from the secondary current signal (I _SSW ) received from secondary sensor (eg, current transducer) 660 Subtract 670 to find the difference (ie, difference value) between these currents. This difference value is then input to a proportional-integral-derivative controller (PID) 640 . PID 640 applies accurate and rapid corrections to difference values to produce corrected difference values. The corrected difference value is then input to pulse width modulation (PWM) generator 650 . PWM generator 650 uses the corrected difference value to generate a pulse train for each switch in plurality of switches 320 (e.g., one for each of the six switches, for a total of six pulse trains). do). Controller 310 then outputs a pulse train.

The pulse train is then input to multiple switches 320 . The pulse train commands switching of a plurality of switches 320 . Switching of multiple switches 320 modulates the signal to produce a three-phase current (eg, secondary current) 270 . Three-phase current (eg, secondary current) 270 is drawn by stator secondary windings 260 of PMSG 200 . A three-phase current (e.g., secondary current) 270 injected into the stator secondary winding 260 couples with the stator primary winding 220 to produce a stator secondary winding magnetic field.

creates a rotating magnetic field that produces Stator secondary winding magnetic field

a permanent magnet magnetic field for short-circuit protection

cancel out.

FIG. 7 illustrates how the magnetic field generated by the stator secondary winding (SSW) of the permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) of FIG.

and the magnetic field of a permanent magnet (PM)

can be weakened. This graph shows the permanent magnet magnetic field

A stator secondary winding magnetic field that is smaller in magnitude and opposite in phase than

is shown. Stator secondary winding magnetic field

を弱める効果を有し、したがって、PMSG200の全磁場

が弱められる。 is the permanent magnet magnetic field

and thus the total magnetic field of PMSG200

is weakened.

FIG. 8 illustrates how the magnetic field generated by the stator secondary winding (SSW) of the permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) of FIG.

and the magnetic field of a permanent magnet (PM)

It is a graph showing whether it is possible to strengthen This graph shows the permanent magnet magnetic field

A stator secondary winding magnetic field that is smaller in magnitude and in phase than

is shown. Stator secondary winding magnetic field

is the permanent magnet magnetic field

and thus the total magnetic field of PMSG200

is strengthened.

In another example, the stator secondary winding magnetic field

is the permanent magnet magnetic field

and the total magnetic field of PMSG200

to enhance the permanent magnet magnetic field

It should be noted that they may be of smaller or larger magnitude than and of the same phase.

FIG. 9 illustrates a method 900 of the present disclosure for a stator secondary winding (SSW) to modify a permanent magnet (PM) magnetic field of a permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) according to at least one example of the present disclosure. FIG. 2 is a flow diagram showing; At the start of the method 910, the permanent magnet (PM) of the PMSG is rotated (920). A permanent magnet generates a permanent magnet magnetic field (930). The permanent magnet magnetic field spreads through multiple stator primary windings (SPWs) of the PMSG. A stator primary winding produces a primary current from the permanent magnet magnetic field (940). A plurality of stator secondary windings (SSW) of the PMSG then draws secondary current from the power supply (950). A plurality of stator secondary windings generate a stator secondary winding magnetic field from the secondary current (960). The permanent magnet field and the stator secondary winding field together create the total magnetic field of the PMSG. The method 900 then ends (970).

Further, this disclosure includes examples according to the following clauses.

Clause 1. A method for a permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) (200), comprising:
rotating a permanent magnet (PM) (230) of the PMSG (200);
generating a permanent magnet magnetic field from the rotating permanent magnet (230), comprising:
the permanent magnet magnetic field couples through a plurality of stator primary windings (SPW) (220) of the PMSG (200);
a step;
generating a primary current from the permanent magnet magnetic field by the stator primary winding (220);
drawing secondary current from a power source (300) by means of a plurality of stator secondary windings (SSW) (260) of said PMSG (200);
generating a stator secondary winding magnetic field from the secondary current by the stator secondary winding (260);
said permanent magnet magnetic field and said stator secondary winding magnetic field together create a total magnetic field of said PMSG (200);
Method.

Clause 2. 2. The method of clause 1, wherein the stator secondary winding magnetic field counteracts, weakens or enhances the permanent magnet magnetic field.

Clause 3. 2. The method of clause 1, wherein the permanent magnets (230) are attached to the rotor.

Clause 4. 2. The method of clause 1, wherein the primary current is three-phase current.

Clause 5. 2. The method of clause 1, wherein the power supply (300) is a three-phase power supply (TPS).

Clause 6. The method of clause 1, wherein the secondary current is a three-phase sinusoidal current or a three-phase quasi-sinusoidal current.

Article 7. 2. The method of clause 1, wherein the power supply (300) includes a controller (310), a plurality of switches (320), and a direct current (DC) power supply (330).

Article 8. 8. The method of clause 7, wherein the switch (320) forms an inverter.

Article 9. 8. The method of clause 7, further comprising comparing a load current with a maximum current by the controller (310).

Clause 10. 10. The method of clause 9, further comprising generating a plurality of pulse trains by the controller (310) when the load current is greater than the maximum current.

Article 11. 11. The method of clause 10, further comprising switching the plurality of switches (320) to produce the secondary current by using the pulse train.

Article 12. A system for a permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) (200), comprising:
a permanent magnet (PM) (230) of a PMSG (200) rotating to generate a permanent magnet magnetic field;
a plurality of stator primary windings (SPWs) (220) of the PMSG (200) that generate primary current from the permanent magnet magnetic field;
a plurality of stator secondary windings (SSW) (260) of said PMSG (200) for drawing a secondary current from a power source (300) and generating a stator secondary winding magnetic field from said secondary current;
A system wherein said permanent magnet magnetic field and said stator secondary winding magnetic field together create the total magnetic field of said PMSG (200).

Article 13. 13. The system of clause 12, wherein the stator secondary winding magnetic field counteracts, weakens or strengthens the permanent magnet magnetic field.

Article 14. 13. The system of clause 12, wherein the permanent magnets (230) are attached to the rotor.

Article 15. 13. The system of clause 12, wherein the power supply (300) is a three-phase power supply (TPS).

Article 16. 13. The system of clause 12, wherein the secondary current is a three-phase sinusoidal current or a three-phase quasi-sinusoidal current.

Article 17. 13. The system of clause 12, wherein the power supply (300) includes a controller (310), a plurality of switches (320), and a direct current (DC) power supply (330).

Article 18. 18. The system of clause 17, wherein the controller (310) compares load current to maximum current.

Article 19. 19. The system of clause 18, wherein the controller (310) generates a plurality of pulse trains when the load current is greater than the maximum current.

Article 20. A controller (310) for a permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) (200), comprising:
(1) Compare the primary current signal (I _load ), which is a measurement of the primary current produced by the multiple stator primary windings (SPW) (220) of the PMSG (200), to a predetermined maximum current (I _max ) (2) determining whether the primary current signal (I _load ) is greater than the predetermined maximum _current (I _max ); _max ), outputting a signal to switch the switch (620) to a first position, and (3) said primary current signal (I _load ) is greater than said predetermined maximum current (I _max ). a comparator (600) operable to output a signal to switch said switch (620) to a second position when it determines that the
(1) causing the comparator (600) to continue performing the comparison when the switch (620) is switched to the first position; A plurality of stator secondary windings (SSW) (260) of said PMSG (200) apply a stator secondary winding magnetic field for modifying the total magnetic field of said PMSG (200) when switched to position. at least one processor operable to determine a calculated secondary current to be drawn by said stator secondary winding (260) to cause a
operable to subtract a secondary current signal (I _SSW ), which is a measurement of the secondary current drawn by said stator secondary winding (260), from said calculated secondary current to determine a difference value; a subtractor (630) capable of
a proportional-integral-derivative controller (PID) (640) operable to apply an accurate and rapid correction to the difference value to produce a corrected difference value;
A pulse width modulation (a pulse width modulated) operable to generate at least one pulse train used to generate said stator secondary winding magnetic field of said PMSG (200) based on said corrected difference value. PWM) generator (650) and a controller (310).

Although specific examples have been shown and described, it should be understood that the above discussion is not intended to limit the scope of these examples. While examples and variations of numerous aspects of the present invention have been disclosed and described herein, such disclosure is presented for purposes of illustration and illustration only. Therefore, various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the claims.

Where the methods described above set forth certain events occurring in a certain order, such order may be changed by those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the present disclosure, and such changes may be reflected in the present disclosure. It will be appreciated that several variations are accommodated. Moreover, parts of the method may be performed concurrently, possibly in parallel, or sequentially. Additionally, more or fewer parts of the method may be performed.

Accordingly, the examples are intended to illustrate alternatives, modifications, and equivalents that may fall within the scope of the claims.

Although certain illustrative examples and methods have been disclosed herein, it is understood that variations and modifications of such examples and methods may be made without departing from the true spirit and scope of the disclosed technology. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the above disclosure. There are numerous other examples of the disclosed technology that differ from each other only in matters of detail. Accordingly, the disclosed technology should not be limited beyond the scope required by the appended claims and the rules and principles of applicable law.

100 Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator (PMSG)
110 Three-phase current (primary current)
120 three-phase stator primary winding (SPW)
130 Permanent magnet (PM)
140 Arrows
150 bars
200 Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator (PMSG)
210 three-phase current, primary current
220 three-phase stator primary winding (SPW)
230 Permanent magnet (PM)
240 arrows
250 bars
260 Stator secondary winding
270 three-phase current, secondary current
300 three-phase power supply (TPS)
310 controller
320 switch
330 voltage source
400 Short circuit fault
600 Comparator
610 Primary current signal
620 primary sensor, switch
630 Subtractor
640 Proportional Integral Derivative Controller (PID)
650 PWM generator
660 secondary sensor
670 Secondary Current Signal (I _SSW )
910 start

Claims (8)

A method for a permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) (200), comprising:
rotating a permanent magnet (PM) (230) of the PMSG (200);
generating a permanent magnet magnetic field from the rotating permanent magnet (230), the permanent magnet magnetic field coupling through a plurality of stator primary windings (SPW) (220) of the PMSG (200); a step;
generating a primary current from the permanent magnet magnetic field by the stator primary winding (220);
drawing secondary current from a power source (300) by means of a plurality of stator secondary windings (SSW) (260) of said PMSG (200);
generating a stator secondary winding magnetic field from the secondary current by the stator secondary winding (260);
said permanent magnet magnetic field and said stator secondary winding magnetic field together create a total magnetic field of said PMSG (200);
the power supply (300) includes a controller (310), a plurality of switches (320) and a direct current (DC) power supply (330);
the method comprising comparing a load current to a maximum current by the controller (310);
generating a plurality of pulse trains by the controller (310) when the load current is greater than the maximum current;
using the pulse train to switch the plurality of switches (320) to produce the secondary current;
and wherein the pulse train applies a stator secondary winding magnetic field to a plurality of stator secondary windings (SSW) (260) of the PMSG (200) to modify the total magnetic field of the PMSG (200). secondary current being a measure of the secondary current drawn by said stator secondary winding (260) from the calculated secondary current to be drawn by said stator secondary winding (260) to produce A method generated based on the difference value determined by subtracting the signal (ISSW) . 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the stator secondary winding magnetic field counteracts, weakens, or enhances the permanent magnet magnetic field. 3. The primary current is a three-phase current, the power supply (300) is a three-phase power supply (TPS), and the secondary current is a three-phase sinusoidal current or a three-phase quasi-sinusoidal current. The method described in 1 or 2. A system for a permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) (200), said system comprising:
a permanent magnet (PM) (230) of said PMSG (200) rotating to generate a permanent magnet magnetic field;
a plurality of stator primary windings (SPWs) (220) of the PMSG (200) that generate primary current from the permanent magnet magnetic field;
a plurality of stator secondary windings (SSW) (260) of said PMSG (200) for drawing a secondary current from a power source (300) and generating a stator secondary winding magnetic field from said secondary current;
said permanent magnet magnetic field and said stator secondary winding magnetic field together create a total magnetic field of said PMSG (200);
the power supply (300) includes a controller (310), a plurality of switches (320) and a direct current (DC) power supply (330);
The controller (310) compares a load current to a maximum current, generates a plurality of pulse trains when the load current is greater than the maximum current, and uses the pulse trains to operate the plurality of switches (320). switching to produce said secondary current;
The pulse train is configured to cause a plurality of stator secondary windings (SSW) (260) of the PMSG (200) to generate a stator secondary winding magnetic field for modifying the total magnetic field of the PMSG (200). a secondary current signal (ISSW) that is a measure of the secondary current drawn by said stator secondary winding (260) from the calculated secondary current to be drawn by said stator secondary winding (260); A system generated based on the difference value determined by subtracting 5. The system of claim 4 , wherein the stator secondary winding magnetic field counteracts, weakens, or enhances the permanent magnet magnetic field. 6. The system of claim 4 or 5 , wherein the permanent magnets (230) are attached to the rotor. 7. The system of any one of claims 4-6 , wherein the secondary current is a three-phase sinusoidal current or a three-phase quasi-sinusoidal current. A controller (310) for a permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) (200), said controller comprising:
(1) a primary current signal (I load ), which is a measurement of the primary current produced by the plurality of stator primary windings (SPW) (220) _of said PMSG (200), with a predetermined maximum current (I _max ); comparing to determine whether the primary current signal (I _load ) is greater than the predetermined maximum current (I _max ); (2) the primary current signal (I _load ) is greater than the predetermined maximum current ( I _max ), outputting a signal to switch a switch (620) to a first position, and (3) said primary current signal (I _load ) is equal to said predetermined maximum current (I _max ). a comparator (600) operable to output a signal to switch the switch (620) to a second position when determined to be greater than
(1) causing the comparator (600) to continue performing the comparison when the switch (620) is switched to the first position; A plurality of stator secondary windings (SSW) (260) of said PMSG (200) apply a stator secondary winding magnetic field for modifying the total magnetic field of said PMSG (200) when switched to position. at least one processor operable to determine a calculated secondary current to be drawn by said stator secondary winding (260) to cause a
operable to subtract a secondary current signal (I _SSW ), which is a measurement of the secondary current drawn by said stator secondary winding (260), from said calculated secondary current to determine a difference value; a subtractor (630) capable of
a proportional-integral-derivative controller (PID) (640) operable to apply an accurate and rapid correction to the difference value to produce a corrected difference value;
A pulse width modulation (a pulse width modulated) operable to generate at least one pulse train used to generate said stator secondary winding magnetic field of said PMSG (200) based on said corrected difference value. PWM) generator (650) and a controller (310).

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