JP7247763B2 - vehicle transmission - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a vehicle transmission.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a dual-clutch transmission disclosed in Patent Document 1 is known as a vehicle transmission having a plurality of clutches.

This dual-clutch transmission has a first input shaft, a second input shaft provided coaxially with the first input shaft on an outer peripheral portion of the first input shaft, and capable of transmitting engine power to the first input shaft. and a second clutch which is provided coaxially with the first clutch on the outer peripheral portion of the first clutch and capable of transmitting and disconnecting the power of the engine to the second input shaft.

Also, the dual-clutch transmission includes a first counter shaft arranged parallel to the first input shaft, and a second counter shaft arranged coaxially with the first counter shaft and selectively coupled to the first counter shaft. an output shaft arranged coaxially with the first input shaft and selectively coupled with the first input shaft; and a first gear train for transmitting power between the second input shaft and the first counter shaft. ing.

Further, the dual clutch transmission includes a second gear train including a third input gear fixed to the first input shaft and a third counter gear selectively coupled to the first counter shaft or the second counter shaft. , a third gear train for selectively transmitting power between the first input shaft and the second counter shaft; a fourth gear train and a fifth gear for selectively transmitting power between the second counter shaft and the output shaft; and a sixth gear train.

In this dual-clutch transmission, when shifting to the first gear, the first clutch is engaged, and the power of the engine is transmitted through the first clutch, the first input shaft, the second gear train, and the second synchro mechanism. , the first counter shaft, the sixth gear train and the fifth synchro mechanism to the output shaft.

Further, when shifting to the second gear, the first clutch is disengaged while the second gear is engaged, and the engine power is transferred to the second clutch, the second input shaft, and the first gear. It is transmitted to the output shaft via the gear train, first counter shaft, sixth gear train and fifth synchro mechanism.

As a result, it is possible to shift to the first speed stage and the second speed stage simply by switching the first clutch and the second clutch without operating the synchro mechanism.

JP 2019-27458 A

In such a conventional dual-clutch transmission, the second clutch is provided on the outer periphery of the first clutch so as to be coaxial with the first clutch. As a result, there is a risk that the size of the clutch will increase and that the size of the dual-clutch transmission will increase.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and is capable of switching a power transmission path for transmitting power from a drive source to an output shaft with a single clutch, thereby preventing an increase in the size of the clutch. Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a vehicular transmission that can be downsized.

The present invention comprises an inner input shaft to which power is transmitted from a drive source, an outer input shaft provided outside the inner input shaft and coaxial with the inner input shaft, and an inner input shaft and the outer input shaft. a clutch device installed and capable of transmitting and interrupting power between the drive source and the outer input shaft; an output shaft and a clutch shaft installed parallel to the inner input shaft and the outer input shaft; a counter shaft and a reverse shaft; a first power transmission gear pair provided on the outer input shaft and the counter shaft for transmitting power from the outer input shaft to the counter shaft; the counter shaft and the output shaft; a plurality of transmission gear pairs capable of transmitting power corresponding to a gear stage from the counter shaft to the output shaft; a second power transmission gear pair that transmits power to the clutch shaft, the reverse shaft, and the counter shaft, and power that transmits power between the clutch shaft, the reverse shaft, and the counter shaft; and a transmission gear set provided on the clutch shaft for transmitting the power of the clutch shaft to the counter shaft via the power transmission gear set. and a one-way clutch that does not transmit power from the counter shaft to the clutch shaft through the power transmission gear set, wherein one of the plurality of transmission gear pairs is set to a first forward shift stage. and a second forward gear stage that is continuous with the first forward gear stage.

As described above, according to the present invention, the power transmission path for transmitting power from the drive source to the output shaft can be switched by a single clutch, preventing the clutch from becoming large and improving the transmission for the vehicle. Miniaturization can be achieved.

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a vehicle transmission according to one embodiment of the present invention, taken along a plane vertically crossing an inner input shaft and an outer input shaft. FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of a shaft of a vehicle transmission according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a vehicle transmission according to one embodiment of the present invention, showing a state in which a transmission case is removed. FIG. 4 is a rear view of the front case of the vehicle transmission according to one embodiment of the present invention.

A vehicle transmission according to one embodiment of the present invention includes an inner input shaft to which power is transmitted from a drive source, an outer input shaft provided outside the inner input shaft and coaxial with the inner input shaft, and an inner input shaft. a clutch device installed on the input shaft and the outer input shaft and capable of transmitting and disconnecting power between the drive source and the outer input shaft; and an output shaft installed parallel to the inner input shaft and the outer input shaft; A first power transmission gear pair provided on the clutch shaft, the counter shaft and the reverse shaft, the outer input shaft and the counter shaft for transmitting power from the outer input shaft to the counter shaft, and the counter shaft and the output shaft. , a plurality of transmission gear pairs capable of transmitting power corresponding to the speed from the counter shaft to the output shaft; and a second power source provided on the inner input shaft and the clutch shaft for transmitting power from the inner input shaft to the clutch shaft. a transmission gear pair, a power transmission gear set provided on the clutch shaft, the reverse shaft, and the counter shaft for transmitting power between the clutch shaft, the reverse shaft, and the counter shaft; is transmitted to the counter shaft through the power transmission gear set, and when the rotation speed of the counter shaft becomes faster than the rotation speed of the clutch shaft, the one-way clutch does not transmit power from the counter shaft to the clutch shaft through the power transmission gear set. and one of the plurality of transmission gear pairs has a common first forward gear stage and a second forward gear stage that is continuous with the first forward gear stage. .

As a result, the vehicle transmission according to the embodiment of the present invention can switch the power transmission path for transmitting power from the drive source to the output shaft with one clutch, thereby preventing the clutch from becoming large. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the size of the vehicle transmission.

An automatic transmission according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 to 4 are diagrams showing an automatic transmission according to one embodiment of the present invention.

1 to 4, the vertical, front, rear, left, and right directions are the directions when the vehicle is equipped with an automatic transmission. direction, the height direction of the vehicle is the vertical direction. The width direction of the vehicle is also called the vehicle width direction.

First, the configuration will be explained.
In FIG. 1, a vehicle 1 is equipped with an automatic transmission 2. The automatic transmission 2 is installed vertically under a floor panel 1A of the vehicle 1 while being fixed to an engine 3 as an internal combustion engine. ing. The automatic transmission 2 of this embodiment constitutes the vehicle transmission of the invention, and the engine 3 constitutes the drive source of the invention.

As shown in FIG. 2, the automatic transmission 2 includes rotating shafts (a turbine shaft 11, an inner input shaft 12, an outer input shaft 13, a rear output shaft 14, a counter shaft 15, a reverse shaft 16, a front output shaft 17 and a clutch). The shaft 18) is arranged along the longitudinal direction of the vehicle 1. As shown in FIG. In the following description, the front end and rear end of the rotary shaft refer to the front end and rear end of the rotary shaft in the axial direction when the automatic transmission 2 is mounted on the vehicle.

1, the automatic transmission 2 includes a transmission case 4. The transmission case 4 includes a torque converter housing (hereinafter simply referred to as a torque converter housing) 5, a front case 6, a transfer front case 7, a transfer It has a rear case 8, a transfer actuator case 9, and a gear shift case 6A.

The transmission case 4 includes a torque converter housing 5, a front case 6, a transfer front case 7, a transfer rear case 8, and a transfer actuator case 9 arranged in this order from the front. They are connected by bolts (not shown). A front end portion of the torque converter housing 5 is connected to the engine 3 by bolts (not shown).

The automatic transmission 2 includes a shift unit 100 (see FIG. 4), and the shift unit 100 performs shift operation and clutch operation of the automatic transmission 2 . A shift operation refers to an operation to switch gear stages of the automatic transmission 2, and a clutch operation refers to an operation to engage (connect) or release (disconnect) the clutch device 22 (see FIG. 2) of the automatic transmission 2. say.

A torque converter 20 is accommodated in the torque converter housing 5 . The torque converter 20 includes a front cover 20A connected to a crankshaft (not shown) of the engine 3 and a shell 20B connected to the front cover 20A, and transmits power from the engine 3 to the automatic transmission 2 via oil. are transmitting.

A pump impeller (not shown) is fixed to the inner surface of the shell 20B. A turbine runner (not shown) is installed inside the torque converter 20 so as to face the pump impeller, and the turbine runner is connected to the turbine shaft 11 . A stator (not shown) is installed between the pump impeller and the turbine runner.

When the crankshaft of engine 3 rotates, front cover 20A, shell 20B and pump impeller in torque converter 20 rotate together. At this time, the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the pump impeller causes the fluid inside the torque converter 20 to flow from the pump impeller toward the turbine runner.

The stator converts the flow of fluid from the turbine runner along the direction of rotation of the pump impeller. The torque converter 20 amplifies the power received from the engine 3 by a torque amplifying action and outputs the power from the turbine shaft 11 .

A drive plate (not shown) is provided on the outer peripheral portion of the front cover 20A, and a ring gear is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the drive plate. The drive plate transmits the rotation of the starter motor 19 to the engine 3 via the front cover 20A by meshing the starter motor 19 (see FIG. 4) with the ring gear when the engine 3 is started. The starter motor 19 is attached to the upper left rear surface of the torque converter housing 5 .

The torque converter housing 5 has a shape with an open front, and includes a peripheral wall 81 that surrounds the radial outer periphery of the torque converter 20 and a partition wall 82 that is connected to the inner surface of the peripheral wall 81 and arranged behind the torque converter 20 . have.

The partition wall 82 supports the turbine shaft 11 between the torque converter 20 and the clutch device 22 arranged behind it. The peripheral wall 81 on the upper left side has an opening for the starter motor 19 into which the starter motor 19 is inserted and a mounting boss around the opening as a mounting portion for the starter motor 19 .

The partition wall 82 separates a torque converter chamber 30 that accommodates the torque converter 20 inside the torque converter housing 5 and a clutch chamber 31 that accommodates the clutch device 22 inside the front case 6 . The partition wall 82 is formed with a bearing support portion through which the turbine shaft 11 serving as the output shaft of the torque converter 20 is arranged. The turbine shaft 11 passes through the partition wall 82 and is rotatably supported by a bearing support portion formed in the partition wall 82 via a ball bearing 23A.

An oil pump 24 is attached to the torque converter housing 5 . The oil pump 24 is arranged in front of the partition wall 82 so as to protrude into the internal space (torque converter chamber 30) of the torque converter housing 5, and is composed of, for example, a trochoid type oil pump. The oil pump 24 has a pump housing composed of a front pump housing 25 and a rear pump housing 26 .

The rear pump housing 26 is fastened to the partition wall 82 with bolts (not shown), and the front pump housing 25 is fastened to the rear pump housing 26 with bolts (not shown).

The front pump housing 25 and the rear pump housing 26 constitute a housing for the oil pump 24 . A pump chamber 27 is formed between the front pump housing 25 and the rear pump housing 26, and the pump chamber 27 has an inner rotor 24A and an outer rotor 24B. The inner rotor 24A, which is an annular member, is mounted with the turbine shaft 11 penetrating therethrough, engages with the shell 20B, and rotates integrally with the shell 20B.

The outer rotor 24B is an annular member and is arranged radially outward of the inner rotor 24A so as to surround the inner rotor 24A. Rotate with rotation.

In the trochoidal oil pump 24, the internal teeth formed on the inner circumference of the outer rotor 24B and the external teeth formed on the inner rotor 24A come into contact with each other, so that oil is contained between the external teeth and the internal teeth. form a working chamber that does not

When the power of the engine 3 is transmitted to the inner rotor 24A via the torque converter 20, in the oil pump 24, the inner rotor 24A and the outer rotor 24B rotate in one direction. At this time, the oil pump 24 continuously increases and decreases the volume of the working chamber formed between the external teeth and the internal teeth, so that the working chamber repeatedly sucks and discharges oil, thereby releasing the oil. can be pumped.

A disc-shaped flange portion 11A is formed at the rear end portion of the turbine shaft 11, and the flange portion 11A is formed to have a larger diameter than the front end portion and the central portion of the turbine shaft 11. As shown in FIG. A flywheel 28 is attached to the flange portion 11A. The flywheel 28 is arranged in the clutch chamber 31 and housed in the front case 6 .

A clutch device 22 is accommodated in the front case 6 . The clutch device 22 arranged in the clutch chamber 31 is attached to the rear surface of the flywheel 28 . The clutch device 22 is a dry single plate clutch and is composed of a clutch cover attached to the flywheel 28 and a clutch disc 22A arranged between the flywheel 28 and the clutch cover.

The front case 6 and the transfer front case 7 define a transmission mechanism chamber 32 in which the transmission mechanism 29 is housed. A transmission mechanism 29 is housed therein. The clutch device 22 of this embodiment constitutes the first clutch device of the present invention.

The front case 6 has a peripheral wall 83 surrounding the clutch device 22 and the transmission mechanism 29 from the outer peripheral side. The transfer front case 7 has a peripheral wall 84 surrounding the transmission mechanism 29 from the outer peripheral side, and the front end of the peripheral wall 84 is connected to the rear end of the peripheral wall 83 .

A partition wall 86 is formed on a peripheral wall 83 of the front case 6. The partition wall 86 divides the inside of the front case 6 into a clutch chamber 31 in which the clutch device 22 is accommodated and a transmission mechanism chamber 32 in which the transmission mechanism 29 is accommodated. , and rotatably supports the outer input shaft 13 via a ball bearing 23B.

The clutch device 22 is installed with the inner input shaft 12 and the outer input shaft 13 penetrating therethrough, and is arranged around the inner input shaft 12 and the axial front end portion 13 a of the outer input shaft 13 . The inner input shaft 12 and the outer input shaft 13 are housed in the front case 6 and the transfer front case 7, respectively.

The inner input shaft 12 is inserted inside the outer input shaft 13 , and the inner input shaft 12 is installed coaxially with the outer input shaft 13 and is rotatable relative to the outer input shaft 13 . The inner input shaft 12 is installed coaxially with the turbine shaft 11, and an axial front end portion 12a projecting forward from a front end portion 13a of the outer input shaft 13 is spline-fitted to a flange portion 11A of the turbine shaft 11. Power is transmitted from the turbine shaft 11 .

As a result, the inner input shaft 12 rotates integrally with the turbine shaft 11 . In this embodiment, spline fitting means a state in which a spline shaft is inserted into and fitted into a spline hole to form a spline joint, and an assembled state in which power can be transmitted by the spline.

The inner input shaft 12 is installed coaxially with the rear output shaft 14 . The axial rear end portion 12b of the inner input shaft 12 is inserted into the front end portion 14a of the rear output shaft 14, and is relatively rotatably supported by the front end portion 14a of the rear output shaft 14 via a needle bearing 23C. there is The rear output shaft 14 of this embodiment constitutes the output shaft of the present invention.

The transfer front case 7 is provided with a partition wall 85 whose periphery is connected to the peripheral wall 84 . The partition wall 85 is provided with a bearing support portion 88 through which the rear output shaft 14 is arranged. The axial center portion of the rear output shaft 14 is rotatably supported by the bearing support portion 88 via a ball bearing 23D. The partition wall 85 separates the transmission mechanism chamber 32 housing the transmission mechanism 29 from the transfer chamber 37 housing the 2WD-4WD switching mechanism.

The transfer rear case 8 defines, together with the transfer front case 7, a transfer chamber 37 in which a 2WD-4WD switching mechanism is housed. The transfer rear case 8 has a peripheral wall 87 surrounding the rear portion of the rear output shaft 14 and a transfer device 36 (see FIG. 2), which will be described later, from the outer peripheral side. . The partition wall 89 is provided with a bearing support portion 89A through which the rear output shaft 14 is arranged and which supports the ball bearing 23E. An axial center portion of the rear output shaft 14 is rotatably supported by a bearing support portion 89A via a ball bearing 23E.

The bearing support portion 89A of the transfer rear case 8 has a tubular portion 89B extending rearward. The tubular portion 89B extends rearward from the partition wall 89 in a tubular shape. The rear end portion of the rear output shaft 14 is arranged inside the cylindrical portion 89B, and the tip of the rear propeller shaft is inserted into the cylindrical portion 89B to connect the rear propeller shaft and the rear output shaft 14. be done.

The rear portion of the rear output shaft 14 is rotatably supported by the partition wall 89 via the ball bearing 23E, and the rear end portion 14b of the rear output shaft 14 is accommodated in the cylindrical portion 89B.

The clutch device 22 includes a clutch disc 22A and a clutch cover. The clutch cover includes a pressure plate 22B that contacts the surface of the clutch disk 22A opposite to the flywheel 28, and a diaphragm spring 22C that biases the pressure plate 22B toward the flywheel 28 side.

The clutch disc 22A is spline-fitted to the front end portion 13a of the outer input shaft 13. The clutch disc 22A rotates integrally with the outer input shaft 13 and is provided movably in the axial direction of the outer input shaft 13. there is

A cylindrical portion 90 through which the outer input shaft 13 is arranged is formed in the partition wall 86 of the front case 6 . The tubular portion 90 extends from the vicinity of the center of the partition wall 86 toward the clutch device 22 along the axial direction of the outer input shaft 13 . That is, the tubular portion 90 is formed to protrude from the partition wall 86 toward the clutch chamber 31 side.

An annular release bearing 34 is installed between the clutch device 22 and the ball bearing 23B in the axial direction of the outer input shaft 13 . The release bearing 34 is provided around the tubular portion 90 , and the tubular portion 90 is arranged to pass through the release bearing 34 . The release bearing 34 moves in the axial direction of the outer input shaft 13 along the cylindrical portion 90 to come into contact with and separate from the radially inner portion of the diaphragm spring 22C.

When the release bearing 34 is moved forward (toward the clutch device 22 side) in the axial direction of the outer input shaft 13 along the cylindrical portion 90 by the release lever 35 (see FIGS. 3 and 4), the release bearing 34 moves toward the center of the diaphragm spring 22C. The vicinity (near the periphery of the cylindrical portion 90) is pressed forward.

As a result, the urging of the pressure plate 22B by the diaphragm spring 22C is released, the pressing force of the pressure plate 22B disappears, and the clutch disc 22A is separated from the flywheel 28. As a result, the rotation of the crankshaft of the engine 3 is no longer transmitted to the outer input shaft 13 .

The diaphragm spring 22C exerts a strong force on the pressure plate 22B to transmit the power of the engine 3, and the operation force from the release lever 35 acting on the release bearing 34 to release this force is also large. power is required. This force is received by the partition wall 82 of the torque converter housing 5 .

When the release lever 35 moves the release bearing 34 rearward in the axial direction of the outer input shaft 13, the release bearing 34 is separated from the vicinity of the center of the diaphragm spring 22C (near the periphery of the tubular portion 90).

In this state, the diaphragm spring 22C urges the pressure plate 22B to press the clutch disc 22A against the flywheel 28, and the clutch disc 22A is sandwiched between the pressure plate 22B and the flywheel 28, so that the crankshaft of the engine 3 rotates. is transmitted to the outer input shaft 13 .

In this way, the release bearing 34 operates the clutch device 22 so that the power of the engine 3 can be transmitted to or cut off from the outer input shaft 13 , and the clutch device 22 connects the crankshaft of the engine 3 and the outer input shaft 13 . switch the power between the transmission state or the cutoff state.

Release lever 35 is connected to shift unit 100 described above and is operated by shift unit 100 .

A counter shaft 15 is accommodated in the front case 6 and the transfer front case 7 , and the counter shaft 15 is rotatably supported by a partition wall 86 of the front case 6 and a partition wall 89 of the transfer rear case 8 .

As shown in FIG. 2, the counter shaft 15 extends in the longitudinal direction parallel to the inner input shaft 12, the outer input shaft 13, the rear output shaft 14, the reverse shaft 16, the front output shaft 17 and the clutch shaft 18. there is That is, the counter shaft 15, the inner input shaft 12, the outer input shaft 13, the rear output shaft 14, the reverse shaft 16, the front output shaft 17 and the clutch shaft 18 are arranged in parallel and extend in the front-rear direction.

The inner input shaft 12 passes through the rotational axis of the flywheel 28 and the clutch device 22 and extends in the front-rear direction. A front end portion 12a of the inner input shaft 12 is inserted from the rear side into a fitting hole 11a formed so as to open rearward in the rotational axis of the flange portion 11A of the turbine shaft 11 and is fitted.

A rear portion of the inner surface of the fitting hole 11a is a spline hole formed with spline tooth grooves on the inner surface. A front end portion 12a of the inner input shaft 12 has spline teeth formed on the outer peripheral surface thereof to form a spline shaft.

Then, when the front end portion 12a of the inner input shaft 12 is inserted into the fitting hole 11a of the turbine shaft 11, the spline shaft portion of the front end portion 12a of the inner input shaft 12 and the spline hole portion of the fitting hole 11a mesh with each other. The inner input shaft 12 and the turbine shaft 11 are connected so as to rotate integrally.

A front portion (rear side portion) of the inner surface of the fitting hole 11a is formed in a hollow cylindrical shape having a diameter smaller than that of the spline hole. has a cylindrical shape.

That is, the front end portion 12a of the inner input shaft 12 is inserted into the fitting hole 11a so that the axis of the turbine shaft 11 and the axis of the inner input shaft 12 are positioned on the same axis. The input shaft 12 is positioned.

Also, the spline shaft portion of the inner input shaft 12 is spline-fitted into the spline hole portion at the rear portion of the fitting hole 11 a , and the power of the engine 3 is transmitted from the turbine shaft 11 to the inner input shaft 12 .

As shown in FIG. 2, an oil seal 92 is provided behind the release bearing 34 in the axial direction. The oil seal 92 is interposed between the inner surface of the cylindrical portion 90 and the outer peripheral surface of the outer input shaft 13 to seal the lubricating oil in the transmission mechanism chamber 32 from leaking into the clutch chamber 31 .

An oil seal 93 is provided between the outer peripheral surface of the inner input shaft 12 and the inner surface of the outer input shaft 13 on the rear side of the oil seal 92 in the axial direction. Since the oil seal 92 and the oil seal 93 are displaced back and forth in the axial direction, the outer diameter of the tubular portion 90 can be reduced.

A sliding bearing (bush) and a needle bearing 23G (not shown) are arranged between the inner input shaft 12 and the outer input shaft 13, and the inner input shaft 12 and the outer input shaft 13 are mutually supported so as to be relatively rotatable. ing. That is, the front end portion 13a of the outer input shaft 13 is rotatably supported by the front end portion 12a of the inner input shaft 12 via a slide bearing.

Further, behind the oil seal 93, the inner input shaft 12 is rotatably supported by the outer input shaft 13 via a needle bearing 23G.

A 1st-reverse gear 41 is provided on the portion of the inner input shaft 12 that projects rearward from the outer input shaft 13 behind the needle bearing 23G. The 1st-reverse gear 41 has a diameter larger than that of the outer input shaft 13 and rotates together with the inner input shaft 12 .

The 1st-reverse gear 41 is arranged between the rear end of the outer input shaft 13 and the front end of the rear output shaft 14 . In other words, in the axial direction of the inner input shaft 12, the outer input shaft 13 and the rear output shaft 14 are coaxially arranged with the 1st-reverse gear 41 interposed therebetween in the longitudinal direction.

A drive gear 42 is provided at the rear end of the outer input shaft 13 . A thrust bearing 23J is provided in the axial direction of the inner input shaft 12 between the side surface of the first-reverse gear 41 and the side surface of the driving gear 42 (the rear end surface of the outer input shaft 13). The inner input shaft 12 (first speed-reverse gear 41) is axially positioned by a thrust bearing 23J and is relatively rotatable.

A front end portion 14a of the rear output shaft 14 is provided with a fifth speed output gear 43D. A thrust bearing 23K is provided between the side surface of the 1st-reverse gear 41 and the side surface of the 5th speed output gear 43D (the front end surface of the rear output shaft 14) in the axial direction of the inner input shaft 12. The shaft 14 and the inner input shaft 12 (first speed-reverse gear 41) are axially positioned by a thrust bearing 23K and are rotatable relative to each other.

Behind the 1st-reverse gear 41, the rear end portion 12b of the inner input shaft 12 is inserted into the front end portion 14a of the rear output shaft 14, and the rear end portion 12b of the inner input shaft 12 and the rear A needle bearing 23C is provided between the output shaft 14 and the front end portion 14a. That is, the front end portion 14a of the rear output shaft 14 is rotatably supported relative to the inner input shaft 12 by a needle bearing 23C disposed therein.

An oil passage 12A is formed in the axial center of the inner input shaft 12, and an oil passage 12B extending radially is formed in the inner input shaft 12. As shown in FIG. The oil passage 12A communicates with the periphery of the inner input shaft 12 (the gap between the inner input shaft 12 and the outer input shaft 13) through the oil passage 12B.

The oil passage 12A is formed from the rear end surface of the inner input shaft 12 to near the center of the inner input shaft 12 along the axial direction. That is, the front end of the oil passage 12A is closed, and the rear end of the oil passage 12A is open. The oil passage 12B communicates with the vicinity of the front end of the oil passage 12A.

An annular member 94 is arranged on the outer peripheral portion of the outer input shaft 13 corresponding to the position of the oil passage 12B in the axial direction, and the annular member 94 surrounds the outer peripheral portion of the outer input shaft 13 . The annular member 94 is disposed between the tubular portion 90 and the outer input shaft 13 and attached to the tubular portion 90 (see FIG. 1).

The annular member 94 is installed on the front side of the ball bearing 23B in the axial direction of the outer input shaft 13, side by side with the ball bearing 23B, and is installed between the cylindrical portion 90 and the outer input shaft 13 together with the ball bearing 23B. there is A radially extending oil passage 94 A is formed in the annular member 94 , and the oil passage 94 A has openings on the outer diameter surface and the inner diameter surface of the annular member 94 .

An oil passage (not shown) is formed in the partition wall 86 and the tubular portion 90 , and the oil passage 94 A communicates with the oil passage in the partition wall 86 through the oil passage in the tubular portion 90 .

A portion of the outer input shaft 13 axially corresponding to the position of the annular member 94 is formed with an oil passage 13</b>A that extends in the radial direction and communicates the inside and the outside of the outer input shaft 13 . The oil passage 94A of the annular member 94 communicates with the oil passage 12A through the oil passages 13A and 12B.

As a result, lubricating oil supplied from the oil passage of the partition wall 86 to the oil passage 94A through the oil passage of the cylindrical portion 90 is supplied between the inner input shaft 12 and the outer input shaft 13 through the oil passage 13A. A part of the lubricating oil supplied between the inner input shaft 12 and the outer input shaft 13 is supplied to the oil passage 12A through the oil passage 12B.

A pair of seal rings (not shown) are provided between the outer input shaft 13 and the annular member 94, and the oil passage 13A and the oil passage 94A in the axial direction of the outer input shaft 13 are located between the pair of seal rings in the axial direction. is provided in

As a result, the space between the annular member 94 and the outer input shaft 13 where the oil passages 94A and 13A open is sealed by the pair of seal rings, and the lubricating oil flowing from the oil passage 94A to the oil passage 13A is prevented from flowing through the annular member 94. and the outer input shaft 13 is prevented from leaking.

In the automatic transmission 2 , lubricating oil that passes from the oil passage 94</b>A of the annular member 94 to the oil passage 13</b>A flows between the inner input shaft 12 and the outer input shaft 13 . Between the inner input shaft 12 and the outer input shaft 13, a seal ring (not shown) is provided between the oil passage 12B and the oil seal 93 in the axial direction. prevent an oversupply of

The lubricating oil that has flowed between the inner input shaft 12 and the outer input shaft 13 flows rearward along the axial direction of the inner input shaft 12 to lubricate the needle bearing 23G, and part of it flows into the oil passage 12B.

The lubricating oil that has lubricated the needle bearing 23G is discharged from the gap between the driving gear 42 (the rear end portion 13b of the outer input shaft 13) and the 1st-reverse gear 41. 41 to lubricate the driving gear 42 and the 1st-reverse gear 41, and is discharged into the transmission mechanism chamber 32.

On the other hand, the lubricating oil that has flowed into the oil passage 12B from between the inner input shaft 12 and the outer input shaft 13 flows rearward along the axial direction of the inner input shaft 12 through the oil passage 12A. Oil is supplied between the inner input shaft 12 and the outer input shaft 13 from the rear open end of the oil passage 12A formed in the rear end portion 12b (rear end surface).

This lubricating oil flows radially outward into the gap between the outer diameter surface of the inner input shaft 12 and the inner diameter surface of the outer input shaft 13, flows in the axial direction of the inner input shaft 12, and lubricates the needle bearing 23C. do. The lubricating oil that has lubricated the needle bearing 23C is discharged from the gap between the 5th speed output gear 43D (the rear end portion 13b of the outer input shaft 13) and the 1st speed-reverse gear 41, and the 5th speed output gear 43D and the 1st speed It flows along the side surface of the reverse gear 41 to lubricate the 5th speed output gear 43D and the 1st speed reverse gear 41, and is discharged into the transmission mechanism chamber 32.

A drive gear 42 is provided at the rear end of the outer input shaft 13 . The rear output shaft 14 is provided with a 1st-2nd speed output gear 43A, a 3rd speed output gear 43B, a 4th speed output gear 43C, and a 5th speed output gear 43D in order from the rear end portion 14b toward the front end portion 14a. there is The output gears 43A to 43D are fixed to the rear output shaft 14 and rotate together with the rear output shaft 14 .

A front end portion 15a of the counter shaft 15 is rotatably supported by a partition wall 86 via a ball bearing 23L, and a rear end portion 15b of the counter shaft 15 is rotatably supported by a partition wall 89 via a ball bearing 23M. ing.

The counter shaft 15 is provided with a 1st-2nd speed counter gear 44A, a 3rd speed counter gear 44B, a 4th speed counter gear 44C, a 5th speed counter gear 44D and a driven gear 44E in this order from the rear end portion 15b toward the front end portion 15a. ing. Between the 3rd speed counter gear 44B and the 4th speed counter gear 44C, a driven gear 44F that meshes with an intermediate gear 60 of the reverse shaft 16, which will be described later, is provided.

The driven gear 44E is spline-fitted to the counter shaft 15 and rotates integrally with the counter shaft 15 . The driven gear 44</b>F is formed integrally with the counter shaft 15 and rotates integrally with the counter shaft 15 .

The counter gears 44A to 44D are rotatably mounted on the counter shaft 15 via needle bearings 21A, 21B, 21C and 21D.

The driven gear 44</b>E meshes with a drive gear 42 integrally formed with the rear end portion 13 b of the outer input shaft 13 . The counter gears 44A, 44B, 44C and 44D forming the same gear are meshed with the output gears 43A, 43B, 43C and 43D forming the same gear.

The drive gear 42 and the driven gear 44E of this embodiment form a first power transmission gear pair that transmits power from the outer input shaft 13 to the counter shaft 15. As shown in FIG.

The automatic transmission 2 includes first to fifth speed stages by output gears 43A to 43D and counter gears 44A to 44D.

The output gear 43A and the counter gear 44A, the output gear 43B and the counter gear 44B, the output gear 43C and the counter gear 44C, and the output gear 43D and the counter gear 44D of the present embodiment are shifted from the counter shaft 15 to the rear output shaft 14 to shift gears. A transmission gear pair capable of transmitting corresponding power is constructed.

A synchronizing device 46 for 1st, 2nd and 3rd speeds is installed in the axial direction of the counter shaft 15 between the 1st and 2nd speed counter gears 44A and 3rd speed counter gears 44B.

Synchronizer 46 for 1st, 2nd and 3rd speed has hub 46A and sleeve 46B. The hub 46A is spline-fitted to the counter shaft 15 and rotates together with the counter shaft 15 . The sleeve 46B is spline-fitted to the hub 46A, rotates integrally with the hub 46A, and is movable in the axial direction of the counter shaft 15 with respect to the hub 46A.

In FIG. 1, a gear shift case 6A is attached to the upper portion of the front case 6. As shown in FIG. A shift and select shaft 33 is installed inside the gear shift case 6A. The shift-and-select shaft 33 extends in the vehicle width direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the outer input shaft 13 .

The shift-and-select shaft 33 is rotatably and axially movably provided in the gear shift case 6A, and is operated by the shift unit 100. As shown in FIG. The shift unit 100 is arranged on the right side of the transmission case 4 and attached to the right side surfaces of the front case 6 and the transfer front case 7 . The shift unit 100 has a hydraulically driven shift actuator 100A and a clutch actuator 100B (see FIG. 4).

The shift-and-select shaft 33 is operated by a shift actuator 100A, and the release lever 35 is operated by a clutch actuator 100B. Further, the shift unit 100 supplies operating hydraulic pressure to a clutch device 52, which will be described later, to operate the clutch device 52. As shown in FIG.

When the shift and select shaft 33 is operated by the shift unit 100 in the synchronizer 46 for 1st, 2nd to 3rd speed, the shift yoke 49A for 1st, 2nd to 3rd speed shown in FIG. The sleeve 46B is moved in the axial direction of the counter shaft 15 via the -3rd speed shift shaft 50A and the 1st, 2nd -3rd speed shift forks 51A.

In FIG. 2, the synchronizer 46 for the 1st, 2nd and 3rd speeds moves the sleeve 46B from the neutral position to the rear side of the counter shaft 15 in the axial direction to move the 1st and 2nd speed counter gear 44A to the sleeve position. It is connected to the counter shaft 15 via 46B and hub 46A.

As a result, the first forward speed or the second forward speed is established between the counter shaft 15 and the rear output shaft 14, and power is transmitted from the counter shaft 15 to the first-second counter gear 44A and the first-second output gear. 43A to the rear output shaft 14.

The synchronizing device 46 for 1st, 2nd and 3rd speeds moves the sleeve 46B from the neutral position to the front side in the axial direction of the counter shaft 15, thereby moving the 3rd speed counter gear 44B to the counter via the sleeve 46B and hub 46A. It connects to the shaft 15 . As a result, the third forward speed is established between the counter shaft 15 and the rear output shaft 14, and power is transmitted from the counter shaft 15 to the rear output shaft 14 via the third speed counter gear 44B and the third speed output gear 43B. be done.

A rear propeller shaft (not shown) is connected to the rear end portion 14b of the rear output shaft 14 . Specifically, a sliding yoke (not shown) having a spline hole formed therein is provided at the tip of the rear propeller shaft. A spline portion 14s is formed on the outer periphery of the rear end of the rear output shaft 14, and the sliding yoke is spline-fitted to the spline portion 14s while being inserted into the cylindrical portion 89B.

Thereby, the sliding yoke rotates integrally with the rear output shaft 14 and is movable in the axial direction of the rear output shaft 14 . Therefore, the rear propeller shaft can receive power from the rear output shaft 14 via the sliding yoke and transmit the power to the rear wheels.

A rear end portion of the rear propeller shaft is connected to a rear differential device (not shown). The rear differential is connected to left and right rear wheels via left and right rear drive shafts. That is, power is transmitted from the rear output shaft 14 to the left and right rear wheels via the rear propeller shaft, the rear differential device, and the left and right rear drive shafts on the rear side.

A synchronizer 47 for 4th-5th speed is installed between the 4th-speed counter gear 44C and the 5th-speed counter gear 44D in the axial direction of the counter shaft 15 .

A synchronizer 47 for 4th-5th speed has a hub 47A and a sleeve 47B. The hub 47A is spline-fitted to the counter shaft 15 and rotates together with the counter shaft 15 . The sleeve 47B is spline-fitted to the hub 47A, rotates together with the hub 47A, and is movable in the axial direction of the counter shaft 15 with respect to the hub 47A.

In the synchronizing device 47 for 4th-5th speed, when the shift and select shaft 33 is operated by the shift unit 100, the shift yoke 49B for 4th-5th speed and the shift yoke 49B for 4th-5th speed shown in FIG. The sleeve 47B is moved in the axial direction of the counter shaft 15 via the shaft 50B and the 4th-5th speed shift fork 51B.

The 4th-5th speed synchronizer 47 moves the 4th speed counter gear 44C from the neutral position to the rear side of the counter shaft 15 in the axial direction, thereby moving the 4th speed counter gear 44C to the counter shaft through the sleeve 47B and the hub 47A. 15. As a result, the fourth forward speed is established, and the power of the counter shaft 15 is transmitted to the rear output shaft 14 via the fourth speed counter gear 44C and the fourth speed output gear 43C.

The 4th-5th speed synchronizer 47 moves the sleeve 47B from the neutral position to the front side in the axial direction of the counter shaft 15 to move the 5th speed counter gear 44D to the counter shaft 15 via the sleeve 47B and the hub 47A. concatenate to

As a result, the fifth forward speed is established, and the power of the counter shaft 15 is transmitted to the rear output shaft 14 via the fifth speed counter gear 44D and the fourth speed output gear 43D.

When the 4th or 5th speed is established, the power of the engine 3 is transmitted from the rear output shaft 14 to the left and right rear wheels via the rear propeller shaft, the rear differential, and the left and right rear drive shafts.

In FIG. 2, the front end portion 18a of the clutch shaft 18 is rotatably supported by a bearing support portion (not shown) formed in the front case 6 via a roller bearing 23N.

An axial center portion of the clutch shaft 18 is rotatably supported by a bearing support member 95 (see FIGS. 3 and 4) attached to the front case 6 via a ball bearing 23P. A bearing support member 95 on which the ball bearings 23</b>P are installed is provided separately from the front case 6 and spans the front case 6 .

A rear end portion 18b of the clutch shaft 18 is rotatably supported by a partition wall 85 of the transfer front case 7 via a ball bearing 23Q.

As shown in FIG. 4, the clutch shaft 18 is installed at the highest position in the height direction (vertical direction) of the automatic transmission 2, and the counter shaft 15 is installed at the lowest position. The rear output shaft 14 is installed at a position higher than the counter shaft 15 and lower than the clutch shaft 18 in the height direction of the automatic transmission 2 .

The reverse shaft 16 is installed at a position higher than the counter shaft 15 and lower than the rear output shaft 14 in the height direction of the automatic transmission 2 . Since the inner input shaft 12 and the outer input shaft 13 are installed on the same axis as the rear output shaft 14, the inner input shaft 12 and the outer input shaft 13 are aligned with the counter shaft 15 in the height direction of the automatic transmission 2. and lower than the clutch shaft 18.

The rear output shaft 14 and the reverse shaft 16 are arranged between the counter shaft 15 and the clutch shaft 18 in the vehicle width direction. The rear output shaft 14 is positioned on the counter shaft 15 side with respect to the retraction shaft 16 .

That is, when viewed from the axial direction, the clutch shaft 18 is arranged slightly above and to the left of the rear output shaft 14, the reverse shaft 16 is arranged to be slightly below and to the left of the rear output shaft 14, and the counter shaft 15 is arranged on the left and slightly below. It is arranged on the lower right side of the rear output shaft 14 .

Due to this positional relationship, the axis O1 of the rear output shaft 14, the axis O2 of the counter shaft 15, the axis O3 of the reverse shaft 16, the axis O4 of the clutch shaft 18, and the axis O1 of the rear output shaft 14 are arranged. A rear output shaft 14, a counter shaft 15, a reverse shaft 16, and a clutch shaft 18 are installed so that an imaginary line L connecting the two forms a substantially parallelogram.

In FIG. 2, a clutch device 52 comprising a wet multi-plate clutch is installed on the front end portion 18a side of the clutch shaft 18. As shown in FIG. The clutch device 52 of this embodiment constitutes the second clutch device of the present invention.

The clutch device 52 has a clutch drum 53 and a clutch hub 54 . An input gear 55 is spline-fitted to the rear portion of the clutch drum 53 , and the input gear 55 rotates integrally with the clutch drum 53 .

The input gear 55 meshes with the 1st-reverse gear 41 , and the power of the inner input shaft 12 is transmitted from the 1st-reverse gear 41 to the clutch drum 53 via the input gear 55 . The clutch drum 53 is rotatably supported by the clutch shaft 18 via a needle bearing 23R at an axial position corresponding to the input gear 55 . The 1st speed-reverse gear 41 and the input gear 55 of this embodiment constitute the second power transmission gear pair of the invention for transmitting power from the inner input shaft 12 to the clutch shaft 18 .

An annular friction plate 56A is spline-fitted to the inner circumference of the clutch drum 53, and the friction plate 56B is rotatable integrally with the clutch drum 53 and movable in the axial direction of the clutch shaft 18. ing.

The clutch hub 54 is arranged inside the clutch drum 53 , is spline-fitted to the clutch shaft 18 on the front side of the clutch drum 53 , and rotates integrally with the clutch shaft 18 . A friction plate 56B is spline-fitted to the outer peripheral portion of the clutch hub 54 .

The friction plate 56</b>B is rotatable integrally with the clutch hub 54 and is movable in the axial direction of the clutch shaft 18 . The friction plates 56A and 56B are arranged alternately in the axial direction of the clutch shaft 18 .

The clutch device 52 has a clutch piston 57 and a cylindrical pressing plate 57A at its front portion. The clutch piston 57 is arranged on the front side of the pressing plate 57A and axially between the pressing plate 57A and the roller bearing 23N. pushes backward in the axial direction of

When the pressure plate 57A is pushed rearward by the clutch piston 57, the pressure plate 57A pushes the friction plates 56A and 56B rearward, the friction plates 56A and 56B come into frictional contact, and the clutch drum 53 and the clutch hub are brought into contact with each other. 54 are rotated together.

As a result, the power of the inner input shaft 12 is transmitted from the 1st-reverse gear 41 to the clutch shaft 18 via the input gear 55 and the clutch device 52, and the clutch shaft 18 is rotated.

When the pressing force of the clutch piston 57 ceases to act on the pressing plate 57A, the pressing plate 57A is separated from the friction plates 56A and 56B by a litter spring (not shown). As a result, the pressing force acting on the friction plates 56A and 56B disappears, the frictional force between the friction plates 56A and 56B decreases, and the power of the inner input shaft 12 is no longer transmitted to the clutch shaft 18.

A tubular member 58 is installed behind the clutch device 52 in the axial direction of the clutch shaft 18 . The tubular member 58 is rotatably supported at its rear portion on the clutch shaft 18 via a needle bearing 21E.

A driving gear 58A is formed on the outer peripheral portion of the tubular member 58 at an axial position corresponding to the needle bearing 21E. The drive gear 58A meshes with an intermediate gear 60, which will be described later.

A front portion of the tubular member 58 is enlarged in diameter, and a one-way clutch 59 is arranged between the enlarged diameter portion of the tubular member 58 and the clutch shaft 18 . That is, the one-way clutch 59 is arranged between the drive gear 58A and the clutch shaft 18 with the tubular member 58 interposed therebetween.

The one-way clutch 59 transmits to the drive gear 58A only the rotation that causes the clutch shaft 18 to change the rotational speed of the drive gear 58A to the speed increasing side, and the rotational speed of the drive gear 58A is faster than the rotational speed of the clutch shaft 18. In this case, no power is transmitted between the drive gear 58A and the clutch shaft 18.

A front end portion 16a of the retraction shaft 16 is rotatably supported by a partition wall 86 via a ball bearing 23S, and a rear end portion 16b of the retraction shaft 16 is rotatably supported by a partition wall 85 via a ball bearing 23T. ing.

An intermediate gear 60 is fixed to the axial center of the retraction shaft 16 . The intermediate gear 60 is formed integrally with the reverse shaft 16 and rotates together with the reverse shaft 16 . The intermediate gear 60 meshes with the driving gear 58A arranged on the clutch shaft 18 and the driven gear 44F arranged on the counter shaft 15, so that power can be transmitted between the driving gear 58A and the driven gear 44F.

Thereby, the clutch shaft 18 can transmit power to the reverse shaft 16 via the drive gear 58A and the intermediate gear 60, and the reverse shaft 16 transmits power from the intermediate gear 60 to the counter shaft 15 via the driven gear 44F. It is transmissible.

That is, the clutch shaft 18 can transmit power to the rear output shaft 14 via the one-way clutch 59, drive gear 58A, intermediate gear 60 (backward shaft 16) and driven gear 44F (counter shaft 15).

The drive gear 58A, the intermediate gear 60 and the driven gear 44F of this embodiment constitute the power transmission gear set of the invention for transmitting power between the clutch shaft 18, the reverse shaft 16 and the counter shaft 15. FIG.

Here, the one-way clutch 59 can transmit power for increasing the rotational speed from the clutch shaft 18 to the counter shaft 15 via the drive gear 58A, the intermediate gear 60 and the driven gear 44F, and the counter shaft 15 to the driven gear 44F, the intermediate Transmission of power for increasing the rotation speed to the clutch shaft 18 via the gear 60 and the drive gear 58A is disabled.

That is, the one-way clutch 59 transmits the power of the clutch shaft 18 to the counter shaft 15 via the driving gear 58A, the intermediate gear 60 and the driven gear 44F, and the rotational speed of the counter shaft 15 is faster than the rotational speed of the clutch shaft 18. Then, power is not transmitted from the counter shaft 15 to the clutch shaft 18 via the driven gear 44F, the intermediate gear 60 and the drive gear 58A.

A reverse gear 61 is provided at the rear end portion 16b of the reverse shaft 16, and the reverse gear 61 is rotatably supported by the reverse shaft 16 via a needle bearing 21F. The reverse gear 61 meshes with the 1st-2nd speed output gear 43A arranged on the rear output shaft 14, and power is transmitted from the reverse gear 61. As shown in FIG. As a result, the reverse shaft 16 can transmit power to the rear output shaft 14 via the reverse gear 61 and the 1st-2nd speed output gear 43A.

The 1st-2nd speed output gear 43A and the 1st-2nd speed counter gear 44A of this embodiment share the first forward speed and the second forward speed continuous to the first forward speed. The gear stage constitutes the first forward gear stage of the present invention, and the second gear stage constitutes the second forward gear stage of the present invention.

A retraction synchronizer 48 is installed on the retraction shaft 16 . A retraction synchronizer 48 has a hub 48A and a sleeve 48B. The hub 48A is spline-fitted to the retraction shaft 16 and rotates together with the retraction shaft 16 . The sleeve 48B is spline-fitted to the hub 48A and is movable in the axial direction of the retraction shaft 16. As shown in FIG.

In the reverse synchronizer 48, when the shift unit 100 operates the shift-and-select shaft 33, the reverse shift yoke 49C, the reverse shift shaft 50C, and the reverse shift fork 51C shown in FIG. The sleeve 48B is moved in the axial direction of the retraction shaft 16. As shown in FIG.

The reverse synchronizing device 48 moves the sleeve 48B axially rearward of the reverse shaft 16 from the neutral position, thereby connecting the reverse gear 61 to the reverse shaft 16 via the sleeve 48B and the hub 48A. Thereby, the reverse stage is established.

When the reverse gear is established, the rotation of the reverse shaft 16 is transmitted from the reverse gear 61 to the rear output shaft 14 via the 1st-2nd speed output gear 43A. At this time, the rear output shaft 14 is rotationally driven in the opposite direction to when the vehicle 1 moves forward, and the power of the engine 3 is transmitted from the rear output shaft 14 to the rear propeller shaft, the rear differential device, and the left and right rear drive shafts on the rear side. Power is transmitted to the left and right rear wheels through the As a result, the rear wheels are rotationally driven in the opposite direction to when the vehicle 1 moves forward, and the vehicle 1 moves backward.

The transfer front case 7 has a front wall (not shown, formed continuously with the partition wall 85 ) extending leftward and downward from a mating surface with the front case 6 . A front end portion of the front output shaft 17 is provided with a joint 17a projecting forward from a front wall of the transfer front case 7, and a front propeller shaft (not shown) is connected to the joint 17a. The front propeller shaft transmits power to the left and right front wheels via a front differential device (not shown) and left and right front drive shafts.

The front output shaft 17 is rotatably supported by the front wall (partition wall 85) of the transfer front case 7 via a ball bearing 23U at the rear portion of the joint 17a (slightly front side of the center of the front output shaft 17). 17b is rotatably supported by a bearing support (not shown) formed in the partition wall 89 of the transfer case 8 via a ball bearing 23V.

A transfer driven gear (driven sprocket) 62 is provided between the ball bearings 23U and 23V in the axial direction of the front output shaft 17 . The transfer driven gear 62 is spline-fitted to the front output shaft 17 and rotates together with the front output shaft 17 .

The transfer driven gear 62 is connected to a transfer drive gear (drive sprocket) 64 by a transfer chain 65 . The transfer drive gear 64 is rotatably supported by a cylindrical spacer 66 via a needle bearing 23W. The spacer 66 is fitted to the rear output shaft 14 and attached to the inserted rear output shaft 14 .

A transfer synchronizer 67 is installed in the axial direction of the rear output shaft 14 between the transfer drive gear 64 and the ball bearing 23E arranged behind it.

The transfer synchronizer 67 has a hub 67A and a sleeve 67B for two-wheel/four-wheel switching. The hub 67A is spline-fitted to the rear output shaft 14 and rotates together with the rear output shaft 14 . The sleeve 67B is spline-fitted to the hub 67A and is movable in the axial direction of the rear output shaft 14 .

As shown in FIG. 1, the sleeve 67B is engaged with a fork 68 for two-wheel/four-wheel switching. A fork 68 is attached to an operating shaft 69 . The operating shaft 69 is arranged along the front-rear direction, and its front-rear end portions are supported by the transfer front case 7 and the transfer actuator case 9 so as to be movable in the axial direction.

The rear portion of the operating shaft 69 is accommodated in the transfer actuator case 9 , and the transfer actuator case 9 is attached to the transfer rear case 8 so as to cover the rear portion of the operating shaft 69 .

A transfer actuator 70 is attached to the upper portion of the transfer actuator case 9, and the transfer actuator 70 moves the operating shaft 69 in the axial direction.

When the transfer actuator 70 moves the operating shaft 69 forward, the fork 68 moves forward integrally with the operating shaft 69 to move the sleeve 67B axially forward of the rear output shaft 14 from the neutral position.

As a result, the sleeve 67B is in the four-wheel drive position, the sleeve 67B is connected to the transfer drive gear 64, and the transfer drive gear 64 is connected to the counter shaft 15 via the sleeve 67B and hub 67A.

That is, the transfer drive gear 64 rotates integrally with the rear output shaft 14 . Therefore, the power of the rear output shaft 14 is transmitted to the front output shaft 17 via the transfer driving gear 64 , the transfer chain 65 and the transfer driven gear 62 .

As a result, the power of the engine 3 transmitted to the rear output shaft 14 is transmitted to the rear wheels via the rear propeller shaft, etc. The power is transmitted to the left and right front wheels via the front and rear wheels, and the vehicle 1 is driven by the front and rear wheels. That is, the vehicle 1 is driven by four wheels.

On the other hand, when the operating shaft 69 is positioned on the front side and the vehicle is in the four-wheel drive position, when the transfer actuator 70 moves the operating shaft 69 rearward, the fork 68 is integrated with the operating shaft 69 to the rear. side to move the sleeve 67B from the four-wheel drive position to the rear side of the rear output shaft 14 in the axial direction.

As a result, the connection between the sleeve 67B and the transfer drive gear 64 is released so that the transfer drive gear 64 can rotate relative to the rear output shaft 14, and power is not transmitted from the rear output shaft 14 to the transfer drive gear 64. Therefore, the power of the rear output shaft 14 is no longer transmitted to the front output shaft 17, and power is transmitted only to the rear wheels. That is, the vehicle 1 becomes two-wheel drive.

Thus, the transfer device 36 switches the drive state of the vehicle 1 between two-wheel drive and four-wheel drive. The transfer driven gear 62, the transfer driving gear 64, the transfer chain 65, the transfer synchronizer 67, the fork 68, the operating shaft 69 and the transfer actuator 70 of this embodiment constitute the transfer device .

As shown in FIG. 1, an oil pan 73 is attached to the lower portion of the front case 6 and oil is stored in the oil pan 73 . A valve body 74 is accommodated between the oil pan 73 and the lower portion of the front case 6, and the valve body 74 is fastened to the lower portion of the front case 6 with bolts (not shown).

The valve body 74 supplies oil sucked from the oil pan 73 by the oil pump 24 to the torque converter 20 through an oil passage (not shown) formed in the partition wall 82 of the torque converter housing 5 .

Next, the power transmission path from the engine 3 to the rear output shaft 14 in each gear will be described.
(Power transmission path when gear stage is 1st gear stage)
In the first speed, the clutch device 22 is released, that is, the clutch disk 22A is not sandwiched between the pressure plate 22B and the flywheel 28, and the clutch disk 22A is separated from the flywheel 28.

Also, the clutch device 52 is engaged, that is, the friction plates 56A and 56B are brought into friction contact. That is, in the first gear, the clutch device 22 is released and does not transmit power, and the clutch device 52 is engaged and transmits power. Further, the synchronizer 46 for the 1st, 2nd and 3rd speeds moves from the neutral position to the 1st-2nd speed counter gear 44A side, and the 1st-2nd speed counter gear 44A is connected to the counter shaft 15. .

In the first gear, the power of the engine 3 is not transmitted from the turbine shaft 11 to the outer input shaft 13 via the flywheel 28 and the clutch device 22, but is transmitted from the turbine shaft 11 to the inner input shaft 12 to the first speed-reverse gear. 41 , an input gear 55 and a clutch device 52 to the clutch shaft 18 .

Next, the power of the engine 3 is transmitted from the clutch shaft 18 to the counter shaft 15 via the one-way clutch 59, the drive gear 58A, the intermediate gear 60 and the driven gear 44F, and then transmitted from the counter shaft 15 to 1st, 2nd and 3rd speeds. The power is transmitted to the rear output shaft 14 via a synchronizing device 46, a 1st-2nd speed counter gear 44A and a 1st-2nd speed output gear 43A.

(Power transmission path when gear stage is 2nd gear stage)
In the second gear, the clutch device 22 is engaged, and the clutch device 52 is maintained in the engaged state. Further, the state in which the synchronizer 46 for 1st, 2nd-3rd speed is moved to the 1st-2nd speed counter gear 44A side is maintained, and the state in which the 1st-2nd speed counter gear 44A is connected to the counter shaft 15 is maintained. maintained.

In the second gear, the power of the engine 3 is transmitted from the turbine shaft 11 to the outer input shaft 13 via the flywheel 28 and the clutch device 22, and then transmitted to the counter shaft 15 via the drive gear 42 and the driven gear 44E. be done.

Next, the power of the engine 3 is transmitted from the counter shaft 15 to the rear output shaft 14 via the synchronizer 46 for 1st, 2nd to 3rd speed, the 1st to 2nd speed counter gear 44A and the 1st to 2nd speed output gear 43A. is transmitted to

When shifting from the 1st speed to the 2nd speed, the clutch device 52 is kept engaged and the clutch device 22 is engaged to switch the speed. As a result, it is possible to smoothly switch gears and suppress gear shift shock.

When shifting from the 2nd speed to the 1st speed, the gear is switched by engaging the clutch device 52 and disengaging the clutch device 22 . In this case as well, it is possible to smoothly switch gears and to suppress gear shift shock.

Also, when shifting from the first gear to the second gear, the one-way clutch 59 functions. When the gear is shifted to the 2nd speed while running, the rotation of the counter shaft 15 due to the power transmission of the 2nd speed is transmitted from the driven gear 44F to the drive gear 58A of the cylindrical member 58 via the intermediate gear 60 of the reverse shaft 16. , the rotational speed of the cylindrical member 58 becomes faster than the rotational speed of the clutch shaft 18, so that the power is not transmitted from the counter shaft 15 to the clutch shaft 18 by the one-way clutch 59.

Therefore, even if the power transmission path for the second gear (the power transmission path for transmitting the power of the engine 3 to the rear output shaft 14 via the clutch device 22, the outer input shaft 13, and the counter shaft 15) is established, , the power transmission path for the first gear (the power transmission path through which the power of the engine 3 is transmitted to the rear output shaft 14 via the inner input shaft 12, the clutch device 52, the reverse shaft 16, and the counter shaft 15) is adversely affected. impact is avoided.

Further, after shifting to the second speed, the clutch device 52 is shifted from the engaged state to the released state at an arbitrary time.
(Power transmission path when gear stage is 3rd gear stage)

In the third speed, the clutch device 22 is engaged and the clutch device 52 is released. Further, the synchronizer 46 for 1st, 2nd and 3rd speeds moves toward the 3rd speed counter gear 44B, and the 3rd speed counter gear 44B is connected to the counter shaft 15. As shown in FIG.

In the third gear, the power of the engine 3 is transmitted from the turbine shaft 11 to the outer input shaft 13 via the flywheel 28 and the clutch device 22, and then transmitted to the counter shaft 15 via the drive gear 42 and the driven gear 44E. be done.

Next, the power of the engine 3 is transmitted from the counter shaft 15 to the rear output shaft 14 via the synchronizer 46 for 1st, 2nd and 3rd speeds, the 3rd speed output gear 44B and the 3rd speed output gear 43B.

In addition, in the 4th and 5th speeds, a part of the power transmission path is only the output gear 43C and the counter gear 44C or the output gear 43D and the counter gear 44D as compared with the power transmission path of the 3rd speed. Therefore, a detailed description is omitted.

Regarding the clutch device 22, it is only engaged when shifting from 1st speed to 2nd speed, and is only released when shifting from 2nd speed to 1st speed. Switching of the synchronizing devices 46, 47, 48 will result in both releasing and fastening.
(reverse stage)

In the reverse gear, the clutch device 22 is released and the clutch device 52 is engaged. Further, the reverse synchronizer 48 moves from the neutral position toward the reverse gear 61 , and the reverse gear 61 is connected to the reverse shaft 16 .

In the reverse gear, the power of the engine 3 is not transmitted from the turbine shaft 11 to the outer input shaft 13 via the flywheel 28 and the clutch device 22 because the clutch device 22 is released, and is input from the turbine shaft 11 to the inner side. It is transmitted to the clutch shaft 18 via the shaft 12 , the first-reverse gear 41 , the input gear 55 and the clutch device 52 .

Next, the power of the engine 3 is transmitted from the clutch shaft 18 to the reverse shaft 16 via the one-way clutch 59, the drive gear 58A, and the intermediate gear 60, and then transmitted from the reverse gear 61 to the reverse synchronizing device 48, 1st gear -2. It is transmitted to the rear output shaft 14 via the speed output gear 43A.

That is, in the reverse gear, power is transmitted to the turbine shaft 11, the inner input shaft 12, the clutch shaft 18, the reverse shaft 16, and the rear output shaft 14 in this order. In the first gear and reverse, the power can be adjusted by adjusting the engagement force of the clutch device 52, so that the vehicle can be smoothly started from a stopped state. Further, the torque amplifying action of the torque converter 20 enables the vehicle to be started more smoothly.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 4, the 1st-2nd speed counter gear 44A arranged on the counter shaft 15 is provided with a parking gear 71, and the parking gear 71 is engaged with the locking claw 72a of the parking pole 72. Then, the rotation of the 1st-2nd speed counter gear 44A is restricted.

When the rotation of the 1st-2nd speed counter gear 44A is restricted, the rotation of the output gear 43A meshing with the 1st-2nd speed counter gear 44A and the rear output shaft 14 are restricted, and the rear propeller shaft, the rear differential device, and the like are restricted. The rotation of the rear wheels is restricted via the non-rotating drive shaft. Therefore, the stopped state of the vehicle 1 is maintained.

When the locking claw 72a of the parking pole 72 is not engaged with the parking gear 71, the 1st-2nd speed counter gear 44A is allowed to rotate. When the 1st-2nd speed counter gear 44A is allowed to rotate, the rear output shaft 14 is allowed to rotate and the rear wheels are allowed to rotate. Therefore, the vehicle 1 is ready to run.

Next, the effects of the automatic transmission 2 of this embodiment will be described.
The automatic transmission 2 of this embodiment includes an inner input shaft 12 to which power is transmitted from the engine 3, an outer input shaft 13 provided coaxially with the inner input shaft 12 outside the inner input shaft 12, and an inner input shaft 13. A clutch device 22 installed on the shaft 12 and the outer input shaft 13, capable of transmitting and disconnecting power between the engine 3 and the outer input shaft 13, and installed parallel to the inner input shaft 12 and the outer input shaft 13. It has a rear output shaft 14 , a clutch shaft 18 , a counter shaft 15 and a reverse shaft 16 .

The automatic transmission 2 includes a driving gear 42 and a driven gear 44E which are provided on the outer input shaft 13 and the counter shaft 15 and transmit power from the outer input shaft 13 to the counter shaft 15, the counter shaft 15 and the rear output shaft 14. and an output gear 43A and a counter gear 44A, an output gear 43B and a counter gear 44B, an output gear 43C and a counter gear 44C, which are capable of transmitting power corresponding to the gear stage from the counter shaft 15 to the rear output shaft 14, and It has an output gear 43D and a counter gear 44D.

The automatic transmission 2 is provided on the inner input shaft 12 and the clutch shaft 18, and includes a first speed-reverse gear 41 and an input gear 55 for transmitting power from the inner input shaft 12 to the clutch shaft 18, the clutch shaft 18 and the reverse gear. A driving gear 58A, an intermediate gear 60 and a driven gear 44F are provided on the shaft 16 and the counter shaft 15 and transmit power between the clutch shaft 18, the reverse shaft 16 and the counter shaft 15. As shown in FIG.

The automatic transmission 2 is provided on the clutch shaft 18 and transmits the power of the clutch shaft 18 to the counter shaft 15 via the driving gear 58A, the intermediate gear 60 and the driven gear 44F. is provided with a one-way clutch 59 that does not transmit power from the counter shaft 15 to the clutch shaft 18 via the drive gear 58A, the intermediate gear 60 and the driven gear 44F when the rotation speed exceeds .

In addition, the 1st speed and the 2nd speed that follows the 1st speed are shared by the 1st-2nd speed output gear 43A and the 1st-2nd speed counter gear 44A.

As a result, the power transmission path for transmitting power from the engine 3 to the rear output shaft 14 can be switched with one clutch device 22 .

That is, in the first gear, the clutch device 22 is released, and the power of the engine 3 is transmitted from the turbine shaft 11 to the rear output shaft 14 via the inner input shaft 12, the clutch shaft 18, the reverse shaft 16, and the counter shaft 15. can.

In the second gear, the clutch device 22 is engaged while maintaining the state in which the synchronizing device 46 for the first, second and third speeds is moved to the first-second speed counter gear 44A side, and the power of the engine 3 is maintained. can be transmitted from the turbine shaft 11 to the rear output shaft 14 via the outer input shaft 13 and the countershaft 15 .

Thus, by switching (disengaging and engaging) the clutch device 22 without switching the synchronizing device 46 for 1st, 2nd and 3rd speeds, it is possible to shift between the 1st speed and the 2nd speed. It can be carried out. Therefore, in addition to being able to shorten the shift time, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of a shift shock by preventing the torque from being lost during the shift.

In addition, since the power transmission path for transmitting power from the engine 3 to the rear output shaft 14 can be switched by one clutch device 22, the size of the clutch device 22 can be prevented from increasing, and the size of the automatic transmission 2 can be reduced. can be improved.

In addition, the 1st speed and the 2nd speed are shared by a 1st-2nd speed output gear 43A and a 1st-2nd speed counter gear 44A.

As a result, it is possible to effectively shorten the shift time when switching between the 1st speed and the 2nd speed, which are frequently used when the vehicle 1 starts and stops, and in addition, shift shock occurs. can be prevented more effectively.

Further, according to the automatic transmission 2 of this embodiment, the clutch device 52 is provided on the clutch shaft 18, and the clutch device 52 is capable of transmitting power between the inner input shaft 12 and the clutch shaft 18. can be blocked.

As a result, when shifting from the 1st speed to the 2nd speed, the clutch device 52 is maintained in the engaged state and the clutch device 22 is engaged, thereby switching between the 1st speed and the 2nd speed. can. Therefore, it is possible to smoothly switch between the 1st speed and the 2nd speed, and more effectively suppress the shift shock.

Further, when shifting from the 1st speed to the 2nd speed, the rotation of the counter shaft 15 due to the power transmission of the 2nd speed is transferred from the driven gear 44F to the driving gear 58A of the cylindrical member 58 via the intermediate gear 60 of the reverse shaft 16. However, since the rotational speed of the cylindrical member 58 becomes faster than the rotational speed of the clutch shaft 18 , power is not transmitted from the counter shaft 15 to the clutch shaft 18 by the one-way clutch 59 .

Therefore, even if the power transmission path for the second gear (the power transmission path for transmitting the power of the engine 3 to the rear output shaft 14 via the clutch device 22, the outer input shaft 13, and the counter shaft 15) is established, , the power transmission path for the first gear (the power transmission path in which the power of the engine 3 is transmitted to the rear output shaft 14 via the inner input shaft 12, the clutch device 52, the reverse shaft 16, and the counter shaft 15). can be avoided.

Further, in the 2nd to 5th gears, the clutch device 52 is released so that power is not transmitted from the inner input shaft 12 to the clutch shaft 18, so that inertia force can be prevented from being generated in the clutch shaft 18. can reduce the load on Therefore, the energy loss of the engine 3 can be suppressed, the fuel consumption of the engine 3 can be reduced, and the responsiveness of the engine 3 can be improved. Furthermore, since the rotation of the clutch shaft 18 is stopped (or almost stopped), the stirring resistance of the lubricating oil can be reduced.

Although the first forward gear stage and the second forward gear stage in this embodiment are composed of a first forward gear stage and a second forward gear stage that is continuous with the first forward gear stage, they are not limited to this. Instead, it may be composed of a second forward speed and a third forward speed continuous with the second forward speed, or it may be composed of a third forward speed and a fourth forward speed continuous with the third forward speed. That is, it may be composed of forward N speed and forward M forward speed continuous to forward N speed.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed, it will be apparent that modifications may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. All such modifications and equivalents are intended to be included in the following claims.

1... vehicle, 2... automatic transmission (transmission for vehicle), 3... engine (driving source), 12... inner input shaft, 13... outer input shaft, 14... Rear side output shaft (output shaft), 15... Counter shaft, 16... Reverse shaft, 18... Clutch shaft, 22... Clutch device (first clutch device), 41... First speed - reverse gear (second power transmission gear pair), 42... drive gear (first power transmission gear pair), 43A, 43B, 43C, 43D... output gear (transmission gear pair), 44A, 44B, 44C, 44D... counter gear (transmission gear pair), 44E... driven gear (first power transmission gear pair), 44F... driven gear (power transmission gear set), 52... clutch Device (second clutch device), 55... Input gear (second power transmission gear pair), 58A... Drive gear (power transmission gear set), 59... One-way clutch, 60... Intermediate Gear (power transmission gear group)

Claims (3)

an inner input shaft to which power is transmitted from a drive source;
an outer input shaft provided coaxially with the inner input shaft outside the inner input shaft;
a clutch device installed on the inner input shaft and the outer input shaft and capable of transmitting and disconnecting power between the drive source and the outer input shaft;
an output shaft, a clutch shaft, a counter shaft and a reverse shaft installed parallel to the inner input shaft and the outer input shaft;
a first power transmission gear pair provided on the outer input shaft and the counter shaft for transmitting power from the outer input shaft to the counter shaft;
a plurality of transmission gear pairs provided on the counter shaft and the output shaft and capable of transmitting power corresponding to a gear stage from the counter shaft to the output shaft;
a second power transmission gear pair provided on the inner input shaft and the clutch shaft for transmitting power from the inner input shaft to the clutch shaft;
a power transmission gear set provided on the clutch shaft, the reverse shaft and the counter shaft for transmitting power among the clutch shaft, the reverse shaft and the counter shaft;
provided on the clutch shaft to transmit the power of the clutch shaft to the counter shaft through the power transmission gear set, and when the rotational speed of the counter shaft becomes faster than the rotational speed of the clutch shaft, the a one-way clutch that does not transmit power to the clutch shaft via the power transmission gear set,
One transmission gear pair among the plurality of transmission gear pairs has a common first forward gear stage and a second forward gear stage that is continuous with the first forward gear stage. A vehicle transmission characterized by: When the clutch device is a first clutch device, the clutch shaft is provided with a second clutch device,
2. The transmission for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the second clutch device is capable of transmitting power between the inner input shaft and the clutch shaft and blocking the power. 3. The vehicle transmission according to claim 1, wherein the first forward gear stage comprises a first forward gear stage, and the second forward gear stage comprises a second forward gear stage. .

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