JP7231639B2 - puncture needle - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a puncture needle capable of puncturing while detecting its position using reflection of ultrasonic waves.

For example, indwelling needles, including catheters (outer needles) and puncture needles (inner needles), are used to infuse nutrients into patients. When puncturing such an indwelling needle, for example, ultrasonic waves are transmitted from an ultrasonic imaging device, the position of the blood vessel to be punctured is confirmed, and the punctured needle is irradiated with ultrasonic waves, and the reflected waves The operation is performed while confirming the position of the puncture needle from the image obtained based on this. Conventionally, among such indwelling needles, there is known one in which grooves for reflecting ultrasonic waves are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the puncture needle (see, for example, Japanese Patent No. 3171525).

Conventional puncture needles with grooves for reflecting ultrasonic waves have grooves on the outer peripheral surface of the needle (the outer peripheral surface closer to the proximal end than the blade surface). is difficult to grasp accurately. Also, depending on the puncture angle with respect to the punctured site, the ultrasonic waves are not reflected toward the probe of the ultrasonic imaging apparatus, and a desired echo image cannot be acquired.

Therefore, the present invention provides a puncture needle that can easily grasp the position of the tip of the needle and can reflect ultrasonic waves toward the probe of an ultrasonic imaging device even if the puncture angle with respect to the site to be punctured changes. intended to provide

One aspect of the present invention is a hollow puncture needle having an ultrasonic reflection structure, comprising a needle body and a blade extending from the needle body in the distal direction and inclined with respect to the axis of the puncture needle. a needle tip portion having a surface, wherein the ultrasonic reflecting structure has a plurality of hole-shaped or groove-shaped reflecting portions opened on an inner peripheral surface of the needle tip portion, and each of the plurality of reflecting portions has a reflective surface directed toward the proximal direction of the needle main body, and the angle of the reflective surface with respect to the axis in a cross section along the axis of the puncture needle is set in at least two ways in the plurality of reflective portions. It is a puncture needle.

According to the puncture needle of the present invention, since the ultrasonic reflection structure is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the tip of the needle, the position of the tip of the needle can be easily grasped from the obtained echo image. In addition, even if the puncture angle with respect to the punctured site changes, the ultrasonic waves can be reflected toward the probe of the ultrasonic imaging apparatus by any of the reflecting sections. Therefore, ultrasonic waves can be efficiently reflected and a clearer echo image can be acquired.

1 is a plan view of an indwelling needle provided with a puncture needle according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. Fig. 4 is a plan view of the tip of the puncture needle; Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the tip of the puncture needle; FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the tip of the puncture needle taken along line IV-IV in FIG. 2; FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the tip of the puncture needle taken along line VV in FIG. 2; FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the tip of the puncture needle taken along line VI-VI in FIG. 2; It is a figure explaining the use condition of an indwelling needle. FIG. 8A is the first diagram for explaining the action of the ultrasound reflection structure of the puncture needle. FIG. 8B is a second diagram for explaining the action of the ultrasound reflection structure of the puncture needle.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION A preferred embodiment of a puncture needle according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The indwelling needle 10 shown in FIG. 1 includes a catheter 12, a catheter hub 14 coupled to the proximal end of the catheter 12 (the end in the arrow Z2 direction), and a puncture needle 16 removably inserted through the catheter 12. , and a needle hub 18 coupled to the proximal end of the puncture needle 16 . Indwelling needle 10 is, in other words, a catheter assembly. The indwelling needle 10 forms a multi-tube structure (multi-tube section) in which the catheter 12 and the puncture needle 16 are stacked in the initial state before use. The indwelling needle 10 is configured as, for example, an intravenous catheter such as a peripheral venous catheter or an arterial catheter such as a peripheral arterial catheter. Indwelling needle 10 may be configured as a catheter that is longer than a peripheral venous catheter (eg, central venous catheter, PICC, midline catheter, etc.).

The catheter 12 is a flexible hollow member made of, for example, a transparent resin material. A lumen 13 is formed in the catheter 12 to accommodate the puncture needle 16 and to allow liquid medicine, blood, and the like to flow.

The catheter hub 14 is, for example, a hollow member made of hard resin material. Inside the catheter hub 14, a hollow portion 15 is provided that communicates with the lumen 13 of the catheter 12 and allows the infusion solution to flow. The catheter hub 14 is exposed on the patient's skin while the catheter 12 is inserted into the blood vessel, is attached with tape or the like, and is indwelled together with the catheter 12 .

The puncture needle 16 is configured as a hollow tube having rigidity capable of puncturing the skin of a living body, and is arranged to pass through the lumen 13 of the catheter 12 and the hollow portion 15 of the catheter hub 14 . The puncture needle 16 is formed to have a full length longer than that of the catheter 12, and a sharp needle tip 16a is provided at its tip. Inside the puncture needle 16, a lumen 16b having a circular cross section is provided. The lumen 16b passes through the puncture needle 16 in the axial direction (the direction of the arrow Z; hereinafter referred to as the “needle axial direction”) and communicates with the tip opening 16c of the puncture needle 16 .

The puncture needle 16 includes a needle body portion 20 and a needle distal end portion 22 extending from the needle body portion 20 in the distal direction (arrow Z1 direction). The needle main body 20 is a tubular body that constitutes the main part of the needle main body 20 (the part other than the needle tip end 22). Examples of constituent materials of the puncture needle 16 include metal materials such as stainless steel, aluminum or aluminum alloys, titanium or titanium alloys, hard resins, and ceramics.

In the initial state of the indwelling needle 10 shown in FIG. 1, the needle tip portion 22 is located on the tip side of the tip opening 12a of the catheter 12.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, it has a blade surface 16d inclined with respect to the axis a of the puncture needle 16 (hereinafter also referred to as "needle axis a"). The blade surface 16d surrounds the tip opening 16c over the entire circumference. The needle tip portion 22 is a portion of the puncture needle 16 from the needle tip 16a to the most proximal portion of the blade surface 16d (the portion within the range indicated by arrow A). The needle tip portion 22 is provided with an ultrasonic reflecting structure 26 that reflects ultrasonic waves. Specifically, the ultrasonic wave reflecting structure 26 has a plurality of hole-shaped or groove-shaped reflecting portions 30 opened in the arc-shaped inner peripheral surface 22 s of the needle tip portion 22 . These reflecting portions 30 have openings that are independent of each other (distinguishable) at least on the inner peripheral surface 22 s of the needle tip portion 22 .

As shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, each of the plurality of reflecting portions 30 has a reflecting surface 32 directed toward the proximal direction of the needle main body portion 20. As shown in FIGS. At least two angles of the reflecting surface 32 with respect to the axis a in the cross section along the axis a of the puncture needle 16 are set in the plurality of reflecting portions 30 . In this embodiment, the angles of the reflecting surface 32 with respect to the needle axis a are set in three ways in the plurality of reflecting portions 30 . The angle of the reflecting surface 32 with respect to the needle axis a may be set in four or more ways in the plurality of reflecting portions 30 .

In the present embodiment, each reflecting portion 30 has a form of a hole penetrating the peripheral wall 22w constituting the needle tip portion 22 (each reflecting portion 30 opens to the inner peripheral surface 22s and the outer peripheral surface of the needle tip portion 22). ing). In another aspect, each reflecting portion 30 may be a groove (a hole having a bottom portion) that opens only on the inner peripheral surface 22s of the needle tip portion 22 and does not open on the outer peripheral surface.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 , the plurality of reflectors 30 includes at least one (three in this embodiment) first reflectors 34 and at least one (six in this embodiment) second reflectors 34 . and a reflector 36 . In this embodiment, a plurality of first reflecting portions 34 (34a to 34c) are provided at intervals in the needle axis direction, and a plurality of second reflecting portions 36 (36a to 36f) are provided at intervals in the needle axis direction. is provided. Here, as shown in FIG. 3, a virtual plane P is defined that includes the axis a of the puncture needle 16 and the normal L of the inner peripheral surface 22s at the center position in the width direction (arrow X direction) of the tip opening 16c. .

As shown in FIG. 2, the first reflecting portion 34 is arranged at a position overlapping the needle shaft a in plan view facing the blade surface 16d. The plurality of first reflecting portions 34 are arranged in a straight line along the needle axis a. Therefore, a plurality of first reflecting portions 34 are arranged on the virtual plane P. As shown in FIG. The shape of the opening in the inner peripheral surface 22s of the first reflecting portion 34 is a substantially rectangular shape having opposite sides parallel to the needle axis a.

In the first reflecting portion 34, the reflecting surface 32 is formed on a reflecting plane 32f perpendicular to the virtual plane P. As shown in FIG. The first reflecting portion 34 extends along the imaginary plane P in a direction that intersects (perpendicularly or obliquely with) the needle axis a.

As shown in FIG. 4, in the plurality of first reflecting portions 34, the angles of the reflecting surface 32 with respect to the needle axis a in a cross section along the needle axis a are set in at least two ways (three ways in this embodiment). there is At least one first reflector 34 is inclined with respect to the needle axis a. Specifically, the angle of the first reflecting portion 34a with respect to the needle axis a is 45°. The angle of the first reflecting portion 34b with respect to the needle axis a is 60°. The angle of the first reflecting portion 34c with respect to the needle axis a is 90°.

The inclination angle of the first reflecting portion 34 with respect to the needle axis a can be arbitrarily set other than the angles described above. The arrangement positions along the needle axis direction of the first reflecting portions 34 having different angles are not limited to the mode of FIG. 4, and can be set arbitrarily. In the plurality of first reflecting portions 34, the angle of the reflecting surface 32 with respect to the needle axis a in a cross section along the needle axis a may be set in four or more ways.

The shape of the inner peripheral surface of the first reflecting portion 34 in the cross section perpendicular to the axis a1 of the first reflecting portion 34 is substantially quadrangular (substantially square or substantially rectangular). At least one of the first reflectors 34 and at least one of the second reflectors 36 are parallel to each other. Note that all of the first reflecting portions 34 may be non-parallel to any of the second reflecting portions 36 .

As shown in FIG. 2, at least two of the plurality of second reflecting portions 36 are spaced apart in the circumferential direction. In a plan view facing the blade surface 16d, a plurality of second reflecting portions 36 are arranged on one side and the other side away from the needle shaft a. That is, a plurality of the second reflecting portions 36 are arranged in one side area (right side area) and the other side area (left side area) with respect to the virtual plane P, respectively. A plurality of second reflecting portions 36a to 36c arranged in the right region are arranged in a straight line along the needle axis a. A plurality of second reflecting portions 36d to 36f arranged in the left region are arranged in a straight line along the needle axis a.

The second reflecting portion 36 extends along the imaginary plane P in a direction that intersects (perpendicularly or obliquely with) the needle axis a. The shape of the inner peripheral surface of the second reflecting portion 36 in a cross section perpendicular to the axis a2 (see FIG. 5) of the second reflecting portion 36 is substantially quadrangular (substantially square or substantially rectangular).

In the second reflecting section 36, the reflecting surface 32 is a V-shaped reflection composed of a pair of inclined surfaces 32a and 32b that are inclined toward the distal end of the needle tip portion 22 and are inclined with respect to the virtual plane P. It is formed on the surface 32v.

As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, in the plurality of second reflecting portions 36, there are at least two (three in this embodiment) angles of the reflecting surface 32 with respect to the needle axis a in a cross section along the needle axis a. is set. In the plurality of second reflecting portions 36, the angle of the reflecting surface 32 with respect to the needle axis a in a cross section along the needle axis a may be set in four or more ways.

As shown in FIG. 5, at least one second reflecting portion 36 among the plurality of second reflecting portions 36a to 36c arranged in the right region is inclined with respect to the needle axis a. Specifically, the angle of the second reflecting portion 36a with respect to the needle axis a is 60°. The angle of the second reflecting portion 36b with respect to the needle axis a is 90°. The angle of the second reflecting portion 36c with respect to the needle axis a is 45°. The arrangement position along the needle axis direction of these second reflecting portions 36 having different angles with respect to the needle axis a is not limited to the mode of FIG. 5, and can be set arbitrarily. The angle of the second reflecting portion 36 with respect to the needle axis a can be arbitrarily set other than the angles described above.

As shown in FIG. 6, at least one second reflecting portion 36 among the plurality of second reflecting portions 36d to 36f arranged in the left region is inclined with respect to the needle axis a. Specifically, the angle of the second reflecting portion 36d with respect to the needle axis a is 90°. The angle of the second reflecting portion 36e with respect to the needle axis a is 45°. The angle of the second reflecting portion 36f with respect to the needle axis a is 60°. The arrangement position along the needle axis direction of these second reflecting portions 36 having different angles with respect to the needle axis a is not limited to the mode of FIG. 6 and can be set arbitrarily. The angle of the second reflecting portion 36 with respect to the needle axis a can be arbitrarily set other than the angles described above.

As shown in FIG. 2, in this embodiment, the plurality of first reflecting portions 34 and the plurality of second reflecting portions 36 are alternately arranged in the needle axis direction. In addition, all of the plurality of first reflecting portions 34 may be arranged further in the distal direction than all of the plurality of second reflecting portions 36 , or all of the plurality of first reflecting portions 34 may be arranged in the direction of the plurality of second reflecting portions 36 . It may be arranged more proximally than all of the reflectors 36 .

Next, operation of the indwelling needle 10 having the puncture needle 16 configured as described above will be described.

As shown in FIG. 7, in the use of the indwelling needle 10, the indwelling needle 10 is punctured from the skin S (part to be punctured) of the patient PT toward the blood vessel. At that time, the probe 42 of the ultrasonic imaging device 40 is pressed against the vicinity of the puncture site of the patient PT, and ultrasonic waves (echo beams) E are emitted. The probe 42 is configured to transmit ultrasonic waves E and receive reflected waves (reflected echoes) of the ultrasonic waves E. As shown in FIG. The ultrasonic waves E are emitted from the surface of the skin S of the patient PT toward the inside, and the distal end portion of the indwelling needle 10 is irradiated. Then, the ultrasonic wave E is reflected toward the probe 42 by the ultrasonic reflecting structure 26 (see FIG. 2) provided at the needle tip portion 22 . The ultrasonic imaging device 40 generates echo images based on the reflected waves received by the probe 42 and displays the generated echo images on the display 44 .

In this case, the puncture needle 16 according to this embodiment has the following effects.

According to the puncture needle 16, since the ultrasonic reflection structure 26 is provided on the inner peripheral surface 22s of the needle tip portion 22, the position of the needle tip portion 22 (tip portion of the puncture needle 16) can be determined from the obtained echo image. can be easily grasped. Further, as shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B, even if the puncture angle with respect to the punctured site changes, the probe 42 of the ultrasonic imaging device 40 (see FIG. 7) can reflect ultrasonic waves. Therefore, ultrasonic waves can be efficiently reflected and a clearer echo image can be obtained.

As shown in FIG. 2 and the like, the angles of the reflecting surfaces 32 are set in three or more ways in the plurality of reflecting portions 30 . With this configuration, ultrasonic waves can be more effectively reflected toward the probe 42 (FIG. 7).

The plurality of reflective portions 30 includes at least one first reflective portion 34 in which the reflective surface 32 is formed on a reflective plane 32f perpendicular to the virtual plane P, at least one second reflecting portion 36 formed on a V-shaped reflecting surface 32v consisting of a pair of inclined surfaces 32a, 32b inclined toward each other in a direction and inclined with respect to the virtual plane P; have Since not only the first reflecting portion 34 but also the second reflecting portion 36 having the V-shaped reflecting surface 32v is provided in this manner, the puncture angle with respect to the punctured site or the axis of the puncture needle 16 with respect to the probe 42 (FIG. 7) Even if the angle of rotation changes, the ultrasonic waves can be reflected toward the probe 42 by any of the reflecting portions 30 .

As shown in FIG. 2, in plan view facing the blade surface 16d, the first reflecting portion 34 is arranged at a position overlapping the needle shaft a, and the second reflecting portions are arranged on one side and the other side away from the needle shaft a. 36 are arranged. With this configuration, the number of angular patterns that can accommodate angular changes around the axis of the puncture needle 16 with respect to the probe 42 (FIG. 7) increases, so that ultrasonic waves can be reflected toward the probe 42 more effectively.

As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, in the plurality of second reflecting portions 36, at least two angles of the reflecting surface 32 with respect to the needle axis a in a cross section along the needle axis a are set. With this configuration, ultrasonic waves can be more effectively reflected toward the probe 42 (FIG. 7).

The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and various modifications are possible without departing from the gist of the present invention.

Claims (6)

A hollow puncture needle with an ultrasonic reflection structure,
a needle body;
a needle tip portion extending in the distal direction from the needle body portion and having a blade surface inclined with respect to the axis of the needle body portion;
The ultrasonic reflecting structure has a plurality of hole-shaped or groove-shaped reflecting portions that are open on the inner peripheral surface of the needle tip,
each of the plurality of reflective portions has a reflective surface directed toward the base end of the needle main body;
At least two angles of the reflection surface with respect to the axis in a cross section along the axis of the puncture needle are set in the plurality of reflection parts,
The puncture needle, wherein the angle of the reflecting surface is set in three or more ways in the plurality of reflecting portions . The puncture needle according to claim 1 ,
At least one of the plurality of reflective portions has a virtual reflective surface including the axis of the puncture needle and a normal to the inner peripheral surface at the center position in the width direction of the tip opening surrounded by the blade surface. A puncture needle formed in a reflecting plane perpendicular to the plane. The puncture needle according to claim 1 ,
At least one of the plurality of reflecting portions is formed as a V-shaped reflecting surface comprising a pair of inclined surfaces that are inclined toward each other toward the distal direction of the needle tip portion. needle. The puncture needle according to claim 1 ,
The plurality of reflectors are
The reflective surface is formed on a reflective plane perpendicular to a virtual plane including the axis of the puncture needle and the normal to the inner peripheral surface at the center position in the width direction of the tip opening surrounded by the blade surface. at least one first reflector, and
At least one V-shaped reflective surface, wherein the reflective surface is formed of a pair of inclined surfaces that are inclined toward the distal end of the needle tip so as to approach each other and are inclined with respect to the imaginary plane. and a second reflector. The puncture needle according to claim 4 ,
A plurality of the second reflecting portions are provided,
The puncture needle, wherein, in the plurality of second reflecting portions, at least two angles of inclination of the reflecting surface with respect to the axis in a cross section along the axis are set. The puncture needle according to claim 4 or 5 ,
In a plan view facing the blade surface, the first reflecting portion is arranged at a position overlapping the shaft of the puncture needle, and the second reflecting portions are arranged on one side and the other side away from the shaft, respectively. , puncture needle.

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