JP7217019B2 - crusher drive - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a drive device for driving a crusher for stones or the like.

As a technology related to hybrid construction machines, for example, a technology disclosed in Patent Document 1 is disclosed. The technique disclosed in Patent Document 1 is a battery low temperature reduction output calculation unit that determines a battery low temperature reduction output that increases as the battery temperature decreases when the HCU determines that the power storage device is in a low temperature state based on the battery temperature. a hydraulic oil low temperature reduction output calculation unit that determines a hydraulic oil low temperature reduction output that increases as the hydraulic oil temperature decreases when it is determined that the hydraulic oil is in a low temperature state based on the hydraulic oil temperature; and an output command calculating section for controlling the vehicle body operation in accordance with the sum of the output and the hydraulic oil low temperature reduction output.

On the other hand, regarding crushers, which are one of construction machines, there are known a generator-type crusher and a battery-type crusher. Regarding the crusher power supply, there are the following problems. (1) Since the inertia of the crusher is large, a very large load is applied at start-up. (2) Since the load fluctuates greatly between crushing and no load, fine control is required. (3) When a hard object to be crushed is supplied, a large load is momentarily applied. (4) When installing a generator, there are exhaust gas regulations under the Off-Road Law, and it is necessary to use a rare generator that meets these regulations.

In the case of a generator-type crusher, due to the problems of (1) to (3), it is possible to cover several times (for example, 2 to 3 times) the capacity of the steady load, and the exhaust gas regulation of (4) can be covered. It is necessary to use a generator that satisfies the requirements, and there is a problem that the cost at the time of introduction becomes very high and the fuel consumption becomes very high.

On the other hand, in the case of a battery-powered crusher, problems (1) to (3) can be covered by instantaneous electric power, and exhaust gas regulations can be cleared. However, the battery for covering the above capacity is very expensive, resulting in a very high installation cost. Moreover, when the capacity increases, the charging time becomes very long, and there is a problem that the external dimensions become very large as compared with the generator.

JP 2018-75958 A

However, even if the technology disclosed in Patent Document 1 is used, the above problems cannot be solved.

The present invention provides a crusher driving device that realizes energy saving while covering load fluctuations in crushing by using a generator and a battery power supply.

A crusher drive device according to the present invention includes a first connection portion for supplying power to a driving means that drives when crushing an object to be crushed, and a first connection portion for connecting to an external power supply for supplying power to the driving means. a second connection unit, a battery power source that supplies power to the driving means at a predetermined timing and charges power from the external power source, power supply from the external power source, and power supply from the battery power source; and power control means for controlling charging of the battery.

As described above, in the crusher driving device according to the present invention, the first connecting portion for supplying power to the driving means that drives when crushing an object to be crushed, and the external power supply for supplying power to the driving means a battery power supply for supplying power to the driving means at a predetermined timing and charging power from the external power supply; power supply from the external power supply; and the battery power supply and a power control means for controlling the charging of the battery. There is an effect that it is possible to continue working without stopping.

It is a functional block diagram showing a part of composition of a crusher concerning a 1st embodiment. 4 is a first flow chart showing the operation of the crusher and the crusher drive device according to the first embodiment; 7 is a second flow chart showing the operation of the crusher and the crusher drive device according to the first embodiment; It is a functional block diagram which shows a part of structure of the crusher which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is the 1st flowchart which shows the operation|movement of the crusher and crusher drive device which concern on 2nd Embodiment. 9 is a second flow chart showing the operation of the crusher and the crusher drive device according to the second embodiment; It is a figure which shows the structure of a jaw crusher. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing changes in power consumption in a jaw crusher; It is a functional block diagram showing a part of composition of a crusher concerning a 4th embodiment.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below. Also, the same reference numerals are given to the same elements throughout the present embodiment.

(First embodiment of the present invention)
A crusher driving device according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3. FIG. The crusher drive device according to the present embodiment drives the crushing unit for crushing objects such as stones and concrete by using external power such as a generator or commercial power supply, depending on the load of the crushing unit. By supplementing the electric power with the battery power supply provided inside, the crushing work can proceed smoothly and efficiently. In particular, when the crushing part is clogged with stones or when the object to be crushed is hard, it is possible to crush them efficiently by adding the power of the battery power source.

FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram showing part of the configuration of the crusher according to this embodiment. The crusher 10 includes a crusher drive device 1 that controls the drive of the crusher 10, a first drive unit 2 that drives a hydraulic motor, a second drive unit 8 that drives an electric motor, and is installed or installed at a work site. It comprises at least an external power supply 3 which is fixed and which supplies the power required for the crushing operation. A commercial power source or a generator is used as the external power source 3 depending on the environment of the work site.

The first driving unit 2 is a processing unit that drives a hydraulic motor, and the hydraulic motor drives and controls a crawler that is driven when the crusher 10 is moved, and a crushing unit that actually crushes stones, concrete, and the like. The second drive unit 8 is a processing unit that drives an electric motor, and drives and controls a crushing unit that crushes stones with the electric motor. Various types of crushing units, such as jaw crushers, cone crushers, and impact crushers, are known, and the present application can be applied to any crusher. The hydraulic motor of the first driving section 2 is used for initial start-up of the crusher of the crushing section, and the electric motor of the second driving section 8 is used in a steady state in which the start-up of the crusher is stable. That is, the drive control is switched from the first driving section 2 to the second driving section 8 when shifting from the initial startup to the steady state. This switching of drive control is performed according to, for example, the number of revolutions of the motor. In addition, since the hydraulic motor of the first drive unit 2 is also used to drive the crawler of the crusher 10, when the crusher 10 moves to the work place, the first drive unit 2 is driven and controlled. be done.

The crusher driving device 1 is electrically connected to a first connecting portion 4 electrically connected to the first driving portion 2, a second connecting portion 5 electrically connected to the second driving portion 8, and an external power source 3. a third connecting portion 9 to be connected, a battery power supply 6 for supplementing the power supply from the external power source 3 according to the load of the first driving portion 4 and/or the second driving portion 8, and the external power source 3 to the first driving portion 2 Alternatively, conversion of power supplied to the second drive unit 8, power supplied from the battery power supply 6 to the first drive unit 2 or the second drive unit 8, power charged from the external power supply 3 to the battery power supply 6, etc. BMS (Battery Management System) 11 that monitors the operating state of the battery power source 6;

As described above, the movement of the crusher 10 to the work site is performed by driving the crawler by the first drive unit 2, and it is desirable that the power required for this is supplied only from the battery power supply 6. . That is, by using the battery power supply 6 when moving, it is possible to move the work place by self-propelled crusher 10 even in areas where exhaust gas regulations are applied.

At the work site, the third connection part 9 connects to a commercial power supply or a generator as the external power supply 3 . When the crushing operation is started, the hydraulic motor of the first drive unit 2 is driven by electric power from the external power supply 3 via the inverter circuit 7 under the control of the PLC 12 to initially start the crushing unit. When the crushing unit is in a stable starting state (for example, the number of revolutions of the hydraulic motor is equal to or higher than a predetermined value) due to the initial startup, the driving is switched from the hydraulic motor of the first driving unit 2 to the electric motor of the second driving unit 8. In this way, in the steady state, the power from the external power source 3 is supplied to the second driving section 8 via the inverter circuit 7, and the crushing section is rotated by the electric motor to perform the crushing work.

Since the objects to be crushed supplied to the crushing unit are stones, concrete, etc. having various sizes and hardnesses, the load on the crushing unit varies greatly depending on the object. In addition, the load on the crushing section may change greatly due to the inclusion of foreign matter such as metal. In this embodiment, when the load on the crushing section increases, power is also supplied from the battery power supply 6 to cope with the load. That is, the voltage on the side of the external power source 3 is high in the steady state, and power is supplied from the external power source 3 to the crushing unit, and the battery power source 6 is charged according to the remaining charge of the battery power source 6. done in parallel. When a load exceeding the capacity of the external power supply 3 is applied, the voltage on the battery power supply 6 side increases due to the voltage drop, and power is supplied from the battery power supply 6 . When the load on the crushing section stabilizes, the voltage on the side of the external power source 3 rises again, and the power supply from the side of the battery power source 6 stops.

In this way, the external power source 3 is mainly used during the crushing work, and the battery power source 6 is used only as an auxiliary power source when the load is high and for driving the crawler during movement, thereby reducing the capacity of the battery power source 6 to some extent. can reduce costs.

Monitoring information of the BMS 11 is used for charging and discharging the battery power source 6 . The BMS 11 mainly monitors the remaining charge of the battery power supply 6, and when the remaining charge is below a predetermined value, the contact 13 is turned OFF and disconnected even if a high load is applied to the crushing unit. By doing so, power is not supplied, and when the remaining charge exceeds a predetermined value, the contact 13 is turned ON to enable power supply to the crushing unit to establish a connected state. Also, the initial activation of the PLC 12 is performed by power supply from the battery power supply 6 by turning on the switch 14 .

Next, the operation of the crusher according to this embodiment will be described. FIG. 2 is a first flowchart showing the operation of the crusher and the crusher drive device according to the present embodiment, and FIG. 3 is a second flowchart showing the operation of the crusher and the crusher drive device according to the present embodiment. be. Here, the first connecting portion 4 and the first driving portion 2 and the second connecting portion 5 and the second driving portion 8 are already physically connected, respectively, and are electrically connected by a switching portion (not shown). It shall be possible to switch to one of the drive units.

First, the first connecting portion 4 and the first driving portion 2 are electrically connected (S1), and the third connecting portion 9 and the external power source 3 (commercial power source or generator) are connected at the work site ( S2). Using the electric power of the external power supply 3, the hydraulic motor of the first drive unit 2 initially activates the crushing unit to start stone crushing work (S3). When the crushing unit is stably started, the connection of the driving unit is switched from the first driving unit 2 to the second driving unit 8 (S4).

When the driving section is switched to the second driving section 8, the electric motor of the second driving section 8 causes the crushing section to operate steadily (S5). In steady operation, it is determined whether the voltage on the side of the external power supply 3 is below a predetermined value due to a voltage drop due to an increased load on the crushing section (S6). It is determined whether or not it is equal to or greater than a predetermined value (S7). If the remaining battery level is less than the predetermined value, the battery power supply 6 is charged from the external power supply 3 until the remaining battery level reaches or exceeds the predetermined value (S8). Also, if the remaining battery level is less than the predetermined value, it is determined in parallel with S8 whether the load on the crushing unit is equal to or greater than the predetermined value (S9). If it is less than the predetermined value, the routine processing of S5 is continued. If the load on the crushing section is greater than or equal to the predetermined value, an overload protection device (not shown) stops the steady-state processing of the second driving section 8 (S10). The switching unit is switched to the first drive unit 2 to start the hydraulic motor (S11). The crushing unit is inched by the hydraulic motor to discharge crushing objects and foreign substances that cause overload (S12), the switching unit is switched to the second driving unit 8, and the steady process of S5 is resumed.

In S7, if the remaining battery level is equal to or greater than a predetermined value, or if it becomes equal to or greater than a predetermined value due to charging (that is, if the voltage becomes higher than the voltage value on the side of the external power source 3), the battery power source 6 switches to the second Electric power is auxiliary supplied to the drive unit 8 (S13), and the steady-state processing of S5 is maintained. The power supply from the battery power supply 6 to the crushing section is enabled by turning on the contact 13 by the command signal of the BMS 11 based on the control of the PLC 12 . In steady operation, if no voltage drop occurs in S6, the worker determines whether or not the field work is finished (S14), and if the work is not finished, the steady process of S5 is continued. When the work is completed, the connection between the third connection portion 9 and the external power source 3 is turned off, and the second drive portion 8 is switched to the first drive portion 2 (S15). The battery power source 6 is activated, and the vehicle travels on the return route using only the power of the battery power source 6 (S16), ending a series of operations.

As described above, in the crusher drive device according to the present embodiment, the operation of the crusher 10 can be stopped by supplementary power supply from the battery power supply 6 when the load on the drive unit is large. It is possible to work while maintaining steady operation.

In addition, when the voltage on the external power supply 3 side drops below a predetermined value, the power is supplied from the battery power supply 6 to the drive unit. As a relatively large load is applied and a voltage drop occurs on the side of the external power supply 3, the voltage on the side of the battery power supply 6 increases, so that the power from the battery power supply 6 can be supplied, and the battery power supply 6 can be used to compensate. can be done.

Furthermore, when the load on the crushing section is too large, the overload protection device is activated to stop the steady operation, and the breakage of the crushing section can be prevented while the work proceeds by inching.

(Second embodiment of the present invention)
A crusher driving device according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 to 6. FIG. The crusher driving device according to the present embodiment controls the supply amount of crushing objects in order to adjust the load applied to the second driving section 8 according to the remaining charge of the battery power source 6 . In this embodiment, explanations that duplicate those of the first embodiment will be omitted.

FIG. 4 is a functional block diagram showing part of the configuration of the crusher according to this embodiment. The difference from the case of FIG. 1 in the first embodiment is that the crusher 10 is newly equipped with a crushing object supply unit 15 (feeder) that supplies crushing objects such as stones and concrete to be crushed. , the crusher drive device 1 further comprises a fourth connection part 16 connected to the crushing object supply part 15, and a supply inverter circuit 17 for performing power conversion of the power supplied to the crushing object supply part 15. .

The supply inverter circuit 17 continues to supply power to the object supply unit 15 so as to maintain the supply amount of objects to be crushed when the remaining battery power of the battery power supply 6 is equal to or greater than a predetermined value. In other words, even if a large load is applied to the second drive unit 8 by the crushing object supplied by the crushing object supply unit 15, the battery power source 6 can supply sufficient power, so the crushing work can be maintained. can be done. When the remaining battery power of the battery power source 6 is less than a predetermined value, the battery power source 6 cannot supply power to the second drive unit 8, making it difficult to maintain the current crushing work. When such a state occurs, in the present embodiment, the operation of the crushing object supply unit 15 (feeder) is slowed down or stopped by reducing the power supply to the crushing object supply unit 15, and further A load is prevented from being applied to the second driving part 8. - 特許庁By doing so, the efficiency can be increased continuously while the crushing operation is sustained without being completely stopped.

When the remaining battery level of the battery power supply 6 is less than a predetermined value and the load (current) applied to the second drive unit 8 exceeds a predetermined value (for example, when a large crushing object is supplied or when hard foreign matter is mixed in), the overload protection device (not shown) stops the second driving section 8, and the hydraulic motor of the first driving section 2 inches the crushing section to prevent overload. You may make it discharge|eject the crushing target object and foreign material which are the cause.

Next, the operation of the crusher according to this embodiment will be described. 5 and 6 are flow charts showing the operation of the crusher and the crusher driving device according to this embodiment. Here, the first connecting portion 4 and the first driving portion 2 and the second connecting portion 5 and the second driving portion 8 are already physically connected, respectively, and are electrically connected by a switching portion (not shown). It shall be possible to switch to one of the drive units. 2 and 3 in the first embodiment is that the voltage on the external power supply 3 side drops below a predetermined value in S6, and the remaining battery level of the battery power supply 6 becomes less than the predetermined value in S7. When the load of the crushing unit is less than a predetermined value in S9, the supply of crushing objects from the feeder is reduced by suppressing the power supply to the crushing object supply unit 15 (S9′), The point is that a process for returning to normal operation is added. That is, in S9, when the load is not enough to stop the device due to overload, but stable operation can be performed by reducing the load, the supply amount of the crushing object is reduced in order to reduce the load. reduce. By doing so, the load on the crushing section is reduced, and it becomes possible to resume stable steady-state operation smoothly.

Although not specified in the flowchart of FIG. 6, after the steady operation is stabilized, the power supply to the crushing object supply unit 15 is changed to the previous state (state immediately before the processing of S9') at a predetermined timing. The supply of material to be crushed shall be increased.

As described above, the crusher drive device according to the present embodiment includes the supply inverter 17 that controls the electric power to the crushing object supply unit 15 that supplies crushing objects based on the remaining charge of the battery power supply 6. Therefore, even if the remaining amount of charge in the battery power source 6 decreases below a predetermined value due to the continuous supply of hard objects to be crushed or foreign objects such as metals, the amount of supply of the objects to be crushed can be reduced. By adjusting, the remaining charge of the battery power supply 6 can be maintained or increased while maintaining steady operation. In addition, when the load on the crushing section is too large, the overload protection device is activated to stop the steady operation, and the breakage of the crushing section can be prevented while the work proceeds by inching.

(Third embodiment of the present invention)
A crusher driving device according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 7 and 8. FIG. In the crusher driving device according to the present embodiment, the battery power source 6 is charged with electric power regenerated from the electric motor of the second driving section 8 when the load on the second driving section 8 is equal to or less than a predetermined value. be. In this embodiment, explanations overlapping those of the above-described embodiments are omitted.

For example, in the case of a jaw crusher, as shown in Fig. 7, by rotating the moving teeth in the vertical direction (with the horizontal axis as the axis) relative to the fixed teeth, stones and concrete between the fixed teeth and the moving teeth are crushed. Crush the object to be crushed. At this time, the moving tooth rotates in the vertical direction while repeating ascending and descending. Electric power is consumed to lift the moving tooth during half rotation during ascending, and power is consumed by natural half rotation during descending due to its own weight. no consumption. FIG. 8 shows a graph of power consumption in the crushing section of such a jaw crusher. As shown in FIG. 8, it can be seen that the power consumption fluctuates greatly for each cycle.

In the graph of FIG. 8, the half cycle during the descent naturally rotates half due to the weight of the moving teeth, so the electric motor can be used as a generator. In other words, it is possible to perform work while consuming electric power as a motor during the half rotation in which the moving tooth ascends, and regenerating electric power by using the motor as a generator during the half rotation in which the moving tooth descends. In the crusher drive device according to the present embodiment, by charging the battery power source 6 with the power regenerated for each cycle, the power of the battery power source 6 can be saved and the work can be performed in an energy-saving manner. .

In addition to jaw crushers, crushers such as roll crushers, cone crushers, impact crushers, and gyropactors can regenerate power. Impact crushers in particular can regenerate a large amount of power due to their inertia. It is possible to

(Fourth embodiment of the present invention)
A crusher drive device according to this embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. The crusher drive device according to the present embodiment is provided with an auxiliary battery power supply connected in series with the battery power supply 6, so that when a voltage drop occurs on the side of the external power supply 3, the auxiliary battery power supply is turned on and the battery is discharged. By increasing the voltage on the power supply 6 side, the power supply to the load is switched to the battery power supply 6 side to protect the circuit of the external power supply 3 . In this embodiment, explanations overlapping those of the above-described embodiments are omitted.

FIG. 9 is a functional block diagram showing part of the configuration of the crusher according to this embodiment. 1 in the first embodiment is that the auxiliary battery power supply 6a is connected in series to the battery power supply 6 via a contactor 18 which is turned ON/OFF under the control of the PLC 12. FIG. As described above in the first embodiment, when the load on the crushing section increases, a voltage drop occurs on the side of the external power supply 3, and the voltage on the side of the battery power supply 6 becomes high, and the power from the battery power supply 6 is supplementarily supplied. be done. At this time, a large load is applied to the external power supply 3, which may damage the device and circuits.

In the configuration of FIG. 9, the contactor 18 is normally turned off. The PLC 12 detects that a voltage drop has occurred or is about to occur on the side of the external power supply 3 (it may be determined by the effective value of the voltage, or the voltage drop may be estimated using a learning function such as AI ), and when the load on the external power source 3 is likely to increase, the contactor 18 is turned on to connect the battery power source 6 and the auxiliary battery power source 6a. The battery capacity of the auxiliary battery power supply 6a may be arbitrary, but may be composed of, for example, only one battery pack of 12V. By connecting the auxiliary battery power supply 6a to the battery power supply 6 in series, the battery power supply 6 side becomes high voltage, and the load on the external power supply 3 is eliminated, and it is possible to switch to driving with the battery power supply 6 and the battery power supply 6a. Become.

Also, when charging the auxiliary battery power supply 6a, by turning on the contactor 18, it is possible to charge the battery power supply 6 and the auxiliary battery power supply 6a at the same time.

With such a configuration, it is possible to switch between the external power supply 3 and the battery power supply 6 only by ON/OFF control of the contactor 18, and to minimize damage to the external power supply 3 due to an increase in load.

REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 crusher drive device 2 second drive section 3 external power supply 4 third connection section 5 first connection section 6 battery power supply 6a auxiliary battery power supply 7 inverter circuit 8 first drive section 9 second connection section 10 crusher 11 BMS
12 PLCs
13 contact 14 switch 15 crushing object supply unit 16 fourth connection unit 17 supply inverter circuit 18 contactor

Claims (4)

a first connection portion for supplying electric power to a driving means that drives when crushing an object to be crushed;
a second connection for connecting to an external power supply that supplies power to the driving means;
a battery power supply that supplies power to the driving means at a predetermined timing and charges the power from the external power supply;
power control means for controlling power supply from the external power supply, power supply from the battery power supply, and charging to the battery power supply ;
and a supply control means for controlling the operation of supply means for supplying the object to be crushed based on the remaining charge of the battery power supply . In the crusher drive device according to claim 1,
The crusher driving device, wherein the power control means controls so that power is supplied from the battery power supply to the driving means when the voltage on the external power supply side becomes equal to or less than a predetermined value. In the crusher drive device according to claim 1 or 2,
A crusher driving device for charging the battery power supply with electric power regenerated from the driving means when the load on the driving means is less than or equal to a predetermined value . In the crusher drive device according to claim 3 ,
A crusher driving device in which the driving means is a motor that rotationally drives crushing, and the battery power supply is charged with electric power regenerated for each cycle of rotation by the motor .

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