JP7214899B2 - 電気自動車及びハイブリッド車で使用するための潤滑剤並びに同潤滑剤を使用する方法 - Google Patents
電気自動車及びハイブリッド車で使用するための潤滑剤並びに同潤滑剤を使用する方法 Download PDFInfo
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Description
この出願は、「Specialty Lubricant for Electric and Hybrid vehicles: Predicts Operating Conditions and Protects Yellow Metal and Electrical Breakdown」と題した2019年4月26日出願の米国特許仮出願第62/839,365号に関し、その全体が本明細書に組み込まれる。
「完全配合潤滑剤」は、溶液が混和性、透明、かつ安定である、ベースオイル(グループI、II、III、IV、V)、粘度調整剤、及び添加剤の組み合わせとして定義される。
絶縁破壊
MoDTC添加剤を添加すると、驚くことに、ベースオイルの絶縁破壊又は電気破壊を少なくすることが分かった。具体的には、電極に印加された電圧が既知のオイル破壊電圧を超えるとオイル(電気絶縁体)は導電性になるので、MoDTCを含有する試料はより高い残留電気値をもたらし、そのため液体のより低い絶縁破壊を示す。オイルが受ける絶縁破壊が少ないほど、電動モーター保護の潜在能力がより高い。
導電率銅腐食試験(E3CT)を使用してオイルの性能も評価した。E3CTを使用して、温度(130℃~約160℃)、電流(1mA)、及び銅線径(70ミクロン、純度99.999%)を一定に保ちながら、様々な試験回数で銅線の電気抵抗を評価する。試料潤滑剤を入れたガラス管に銅線を浸すことにより試験を行った。管及び銅線をさらにシリコンオイル浴中に浸して、サンプ温度を制御した。また、Keithley Meterを使用して電流(1mA)及び抵抗を測定した。
図4は分析で使用された銅線の直径の変化:69.52μmの直径を有する未使用の銅線、Valvolineより市販されているレースグレードのギアオイル(Racing GO)に80時間さらした77.14μmの直径を有する銅線;及びMoDTC添加剤を含むベースオイル(試料V)にさらした70.03μmの直径を有する銅線を表す。理論に束縛されるものではないが、オイル中の添加剤は銅線と反応し析出物を形成すると仮定される。しかし、MoDTCを含むベースオイルは市販のRacing GOと比較して非常にわずかな線径の増加を示し、これは図5~図8に関して以下に記載される保護効果に寄与する可能性がある。
オイルの絶縁破壊を低減させ金属部材の劣化を減少させること加えて、MoDTC添加剤を含む潤滑剤は、トランスミッション及び自動車の製造業者が潤滑剤における色変化に基づいて、電気自動車のトランスミッション及びモーターが示すサンプ温度及び最高の接触荷重を予測及び分析するのに役立つ可能性がある。したがって、新規潤滑剤は、自動車システムの接触条件及び熱伝導特性をより正確に予測するための理論的研究及びモデリング研究を改善するのに有用である。
Claims (13)
- ベースオイル;
第1のギアオイル添加剤;及び
潤滑剤の約0.5(w/w)%~約1.0(w/w)%の量でモリブデンジチオカルバメート錯体を含む、第2の添加剤であって、前記モリブデンジチオカルバメート添加剤は、所定の時間トランスミッションシステムにおける潤滑剤の使用に対する潤滑剤の色変化を引き起こし、前記色変化は温度、接触荷重、粘度又は作動時間の指標である、第2の添加剤;
を含む、トランスミッション部材での使用のために配合された潤滑剤;並びに
トランスミッション本体の部材が特性に対して所定の時間、所定の条件下で作動された場合の特定の粘度の潤滑剤による予測された潤滑剤の色変化を示す図であって、前記潤滑剤は約40℃から約125℃の温度範囲の間で色変化を示すように構成され、前記図は、トランスミッション本体の部材が約40℃から約125℃の温度範囲で作動される場合、潤滑剤による予測された潤滑剤の色変化を示し、前記潤滑剤の色は40℃で琥珀色であり、125℃で青色又は緑色である、図
を含み、
前記部材の特性は、電動モーターを含む部材を未使用の潤滑剤配合物と直接接触させ、一連の条件下でトランスミッション部材を作動させて使用済み潤滑剤配合物を得て、使用済み潤滑剤配合物の少なくとも一部を部材から取り出し、使用済み潤滑剤配合物に色を割り当て、使用済み潤滑剤配合物の色を前記図と一致させることによって評価され得る、
トランスミッション部材を含むトランスミッション本体の特性を決定するためのシステム。 - 前記ベースオイルが、グループIオイル、グループIIオイル、グループIIIオイル、グループIVオイル、グループVオイル、又はそれらの組み合わせから成る群から選択される、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記ベースオイルがグループIIIオイルであり、潤滑剤の約50(w/w)%~約99.9(w/w)%の量で存在する、請求項2に記載のシステム。
- 前記第1のギアオイル添加剤が、粘度調整剤、消泡剤、添加剤パッケージ、抗酸化剤、摩耗防止剤、極圧剤、洗剤、分散剤、防錆剤、摩擦調整剤、腐食阻害剤、及びそれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記第1のギアオイル添加剤が、潤滑剤の約0.01(w/w)%~約20(w/w)%の量で存在する、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記第2の添加剤が、潤滑剤の約0.5(w/w)%の量で存在する、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 電気自動車又はハイブリッド車での使用のためのトランスミッション部材を含むトランスミッション本体を提供する工程と;
ベースオイル;
第1のギアオイル添加剤;及び
潤滑剤の約0.5(w/w)%~約1.0(w/w)%の量でモリブデンジチオカルバメート錯体を含む、第2の添加剤であって、前記モリブデンジチオカルバメート添加剤は、所定の時間トランスミッションシステムにおける潤滑剤の使用に対する潤滑剤の色変化を引き起こし、前記色変化は温度、接触荷重、粘度又は作動時間の指標であり、前記トランスミッション部材は約40℃から約125℃の温度範囲で作動される、第2の添加剤;
を含む、未使用の潤滑剤配合物を提供する工程と、
一連の条件下で電動モーターを含む少なくとも1つのトランスミッション部材を前記未使用の潤滑剤配合物と直接接触させ、トランスミッション部材を作動させて使用済み潤滑剤配合物を得る工程と;
使用済み潤滑剤配合物の少なくとも一部をトランスミッションシステムから取り出し、使用済み潤滑剤配合物に色を割り当てる工程と;
使用済み潤滑剤配合物の色を、実質的に同様の一連の条件下で作られる対照潤滑剤配合物に割り当てられた実質的に同様の色を有する図と一致させて、一致した色の組を得る工程と;
一致した色の組に基づく、トランスミッションシステムにかかる荷重、トランスミッションシステムが作動する温度、トランスミッションシステムが作動する時間、及び未使用の潤滑剤配合物の粘度からなる群から選択される、トランスミッションシステムの特性を決定する工程と
を含む、電気自動車又はハイブリッド車での使用に適したトランスミッションシステムの電気特性を評価する方法。 - 前記潤滑剤が、約100kgから約315kgの接触荷重にわたって色変化を示す、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記潤滑剤が、90℃で約1時間の潤滑剤の使用時間にわたって、約6cStから約2.5cStの間で粘度の色変化を示す、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記潤滑剤が、一定の温度で、約5分から約45分の潤滑剤の使用時間にわたって色変化を示す、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記潤滑剤が、約35.4の荷重磨耗係数(LWI)で極圧保護を改善するように構成される、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記潤滑剤の色変化が、接触荷重が0kgの場合に潤滑剤の色が琥珀色であり、接触荷重が400kgの場合に緑色であることを含む、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記潤滑剤の色変化が、潤滑剤の色が100℃で緑色であることを含む、請求項1に記載のシステム。
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