JP7214204B2 - Hand Press - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to hand presses.

A hand press, which is a manual press device that raises and lowers a slider with a tool attached to its tip based on the operation of an operating lever, has a transmission mechanism that transmits an operating force between the operating lever and the slider. There is one in which a transmission mechanism converts rotary motion of an operating lever into linear motion (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

JP 2007-152383 A

In the hand press of the type described above, there is still room for improvement in the configuration of the transmission mechanism in order to realize space saving while suppressing a decrease in the yield strength of the device.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to realize space saving while suppressing a decrease in yield strength in a hand press.

Means effective for solving the above problems will be described below, showing effects and the like as necessary. In the following description, for ease of understanding, corresponding configurations in the embodiments of the invention are appropriately shown in parentheses or the like, but are not limited to the specific configurations shown in parentheses or the like.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an operating lever (operating lever 30) and an installation portion (base 12) on which a workpiece (workpiece W) is installed. A displaceable slider (rail 40) and a transmission mechanism (transmission mechanism 50) for transmitting the operating force of the operation lever to the slider so that the slider is displaced toward the installation portion as the operation lever is operated. ), the transmission mechanism has a pinion (pinion 52) that rotates in accordance with the operation of the operation lever, and a rack (rack 55) provided on the slider, and the rack is flat. A base plate portion (base plate portion 96) having a plate shape and extending in the displacement direction of the slider, and a plurality of rack teeth (rack teeth 97) arranged in the displacement direction and meshing with the pinion teeth (pinion teeth 53) of the pinion. ), and the peak portion (peak portion 97a) of each of the rack teeth is at the same height position in the thickness direction of one plate surface of the base plate portion and the base plate portion. The valley portion (valley portion 97b) is characterized by being at the same height position as the other plate surface of the base plate portion in the thickness direction and being open in the thickness direction.

According to the present invention, it is possible to reduce the thickness of the rack while ensuring sufficient engagement between the pinion teeth and the rack teeth. This can contribute to space saving of the transmission mechanism and thus the hand press. In addition, by making the rack thinner, the meshing position between the rack and the pinion (that is, the position at which the operating force is transmitted) can be brought closer to the pressing line of the workpiece by the slider. It is possible to reduce the separation. As a result, stress such as a bending moment generated in the slider and its mounting portion can be reduced, and deformation such as distortion of the slider can be suppressed. In other words, by devising the structure of the rack as described above, it is possible to save space while suppressing the decrease in the strength of the hand press.

The perspective view which looked at the hand press in 1st Embodiment from diagonally back. A top view of a hand press. The perspective view which shows the internal structure of a hand press. (a) Schematic diagram showing rails and racks, (b) partial cross-sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. 4(a), and (c) partial cross-sectional view taken along line CC of FIG. 4(a). (a) A view in the direction of arrow A in FIG. 3, (b) a schematic diagram showing a comparison target. The perspective view which looked at the hand press in 2nd Embodiment from diagonally back. Schematic diagram showing the internal structure of a hand press. Schematic which shows the modification of a transmission mechanism.

<First Embodiment>
A first embodiment embodying the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. FIG. In this embodiment, a hand press 10, which is a manual press device used when performing working operations such as caulking and bending, is embodied. Note that the right side of FIG. 1 is the front side of the hand press 10 .

As shown in FIG. 1, the hand press 10 has a base 12 on which a work setting table 11 is mounted. A support 13 extending upward from the base 12 is fixed to the base 12 , and a press unit 14 is fixed to the support 13 so as to be positioned above the base 12 . The table 11 is a movable table that can be moved between a processing position directly under the press unit 14 and a preparation position away from directly under the press unit 14, thereby improving the efficiency of the work W installation work. there is

The press unit 14 has a substantially box-shaped housing 20 . An operation lever 30 is provided on the side of the housing 20 to be pushed down by an operator during machining. A rail 40 (corresponding to a “slider”) capable of sliding (elevating) is provided on the approaching side and the moving away side.

The rail 40 has a main body portion 41 to which a tool T for working a workpiece is attached at its lower end portion. The body portion 41 has a long plate shape extending vertically, and is formed so that both plate surfaces are flat. The rail 40 is arranged such that one plate surface 41 a of the body portion 41 faces the front surface portion 21 of the housing 20 .

A pair of ridges (hereinafter referred to as shaft portions 45) extending vertically along the left and right long sides of the main body portion 41 are provided. 20 protrudes toward the front surface portion 21 side. As shown in FIG. 2, a pair of bearing portions 25 are fixed to the front portion 21 of the housing 20, divided into left and right. Each bearing portion 25 is formed with a through-hole 26 penetrating vertically, and by engaging the left and right shaft portions 45 with the through-holes 26 respectively, the displacement direction of the rail 40 is regulated to be the vertical direction. It is In other words, the bearing portion 25 restricts the displacement of the rail 40 in the horizontal direction.

The press unit 14 is provided with a transmission mechanism 50 that transmits the operating force to the rail 40 when the operating lever 30 is operated. The transmission mechanism 50 will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3. FIG. In FIG. 3, for convenience of explanation, a portion of the housing structure constituting the housing 20 is shown through so that the inside thereof can be visually recognized.

As shown in FIG. 2 , the transmission mechanism 50 has a shaft 51 extending in a direction (horizontal direction) perpendicular to the strut 13 . The shaft 51 is rotatably held by the housing 20 and its end protrudes from the side surface of the housing 20 . The operating lever 30 is connected to this end.

A grip portion 31 to be gripped by an operator is provided at one end of the operating lever 30, and a weight 32 is provided at the other end (see FIG. 1). The housing 20 is provided with a stopper that defines the rotation range of the shaft 51 , that is, the rotation range of the operating lever 30 . In the rotation range defined by the stopper, the grip portion 31 is located forward of the rotation center axis CL of the shaft 51 and the weight 32 is located rearward of the rotation center axis CL, and the operation lever 30 is pushed down. The weight of the weight 32 causes the operating lever 30 to stay in the initial position under the condition that it is not closed. During the pressing operation, the grip portion 31 is pulled down against the weight of the weight 32, so that the shaft 51 rotates in the forward direction (counterclockwise direction in FIG. 3). After the pressing operation is completed, the operation lever 30 returns to the initial position due to the weight of the weight 32 and the shaft 51 rotates in the opposite direction (clockwise direction in FIG. 3) when the operator's hand leaves the grip portion 31. do.

As shown in FIG. 3 , a pinion 52 is fixed to an intermediate portion of the shaft 51 so as to be coaxial with the shaft 51 . When the shaft 51 rotates, the pinion 52 rotates accordingly. An opening 22 opened to the side of the rail 40 is formed in a portion between the upper and lower bearing portions 25 in the front portion 21 of the housing 20, and the pinions are arranged side by side in the circumferential direction on the outer peripheral portion of the pinion 52. A portion of the tooth 53 protrudes through the opening 22 toward the rail 40 .

A rack 55 that constitutes the transmission mechanism 50 together with a pinion 52 is located in a region sandwiched by the left and right shaft portions 45 of the rail 40, that is, a region surrounded by the shaft portion 45 and the plate surface 41a (hereinafter referred to as a groove portion 47). are arranged. The rack 55 has a long plate shape extending vertically along the groove 47 and is fixed to the main body 41 of the rail 40 in a state of being superimposed on the plate surface 41a of the rail 40 . The thickness dimension of the rack 55 is smaller than the depth dimension of the groove portion 47 so that the rack 55 does not protrude from the groove portion 47 . Here, the shape of the rack 55 and the fixing structure of the rack 55 will be described with reference to FIG.

As shown in FIG. 4A, the rack 55 includes a base plate portion 56 having a flat plate shape and having a uniform thickness extending in the vertical direction, and a plurality of racks arranged in the longitudinal direction (vertical direction) of the base plate portion 56 . rack teeth 57. As shown in FIG. 4(b), the rack teeth 57 are formed within a range not exceeding the thickness of the base plate portion 56, and protrusion from each plate surface of the base plate portion 56 is suppressed. In this embodiment, the thickness of the rack is reduced to the extent that the thickness of the base plate portion 56 is approximately the same as the size of the rack teeth 57 in the thickness direction. That is, the ridges 57a of the rack teeth 57 are at the same height position (on the same plane) in the thickness direction of the base plate portion 56 as the plate surface 56a of the base plate portion 56 facing the pinion 52 side, The valley portion 57b of the rack tooth 57 is at the same height position (on the same plane) in the thickness direction as the plate surface 56b of the base plate portion 56 facing the rail 40 side.

The valley portion 57b is open to the side of the rail 40, and a gap is formed between adjacent rack teeth 57 on the side of the valley portion 57b. In other words, through holes 59 are formed between the adjacent rack teeth 57 so as to pass through the rack 55 in the thickness direction.

In the present embodiment, the size of the rack teeth 57 in the thickness direction of the base plate portion 56 is formed to cover the entire thickness (100%) of the base plate portion 56. It may be 80% or more, 90% or more, or 95% or more.

As described in detail above, when the thickness of the rack 55 is reduced, the strength of the rack 55 alone is reduced. In this regard, in the present embodiment, by using the above-described linear guide consisting of the bearing portion 25 and the rail 40 as a backup material for the rack 55, the hand press 10 is secured with a yield strength that does not pose a practical problem. .

Specifically, the portion (back portion 57c) of the rack teeth 57 facing the rail 40 side and the plate surface 56b of the base plate portion 56 are positioned on the same plane, and the rack 55 is fixed to the rail 40. In this state, the back portion 57c and the plate surface 56b are in surface contact with the plate surface 41a of the rail 40 (main body portion 41).

When the rack 55 is pushed down by the pinion 52 , the rack teeth 57 are pressed toward the rail 40 (front side) by the pinion teeth 53 . By receiving this pressing load on the rail 40 side, deformation of the rack teeth 57 is suppressed. Although there is a limit to securing the strength of the rack alone while attempting to reduce the thickness of the rack, by reinforcing the rack 55 with the rails 40, the thickness of the rack can be suitably reduced.

As described above, although the strength of the rack 55 itself is reduced by thinning the rack 55, the force applied from the pinion 52 to the rack 55 is dispersed toward the linear guide. This promotes thinning of the rack 55 . Here, the bearing portions 25 that constitute the linear guide are positioned on both the left and right sides of the meshing position CP between the rack 55 and the pinion 52, and the rails are positioned on the left and right sides of the meshing position CP (see FIG. 5A). 40 is restricted in horizontal displacement. As a result, even when the rail 40 is pushed by the rack teeth 57, the displacement of the movement path of the rail 40 is suppressed.

As shown in FIG. 4(a), the rail 40 and rack 55 are integrated using bolts 65. As shown in FIG. Specifically, bolt holes 58 that engage with the bolts 65 are formed in portions of the base plate portion 56 of the rack 55 located on the left and right sides of the rack teeth 57 . A communication hole 43 that communicates with the bolt hole 58 is formed in the body portion 41 of the rail 40, as shown in FIG. 4(b). The rail 40 and the rack 55 are integrated by inserting the bolt 65 from the rail 40 side (the front side of the hand press 10 ) through the communication hole 43 and fixing it to the bolt hole 58 .

The rail 40 shown in this embodiment is made of aluminum, and the thickness of the body portion 41 is larger than that of the rack 55 made of iron. The body portion 41 is formed with a recess for accommodating the head portion of the bolt 65, thereby preventing the bolt 65 from protruding toward the front side of the hand press. With such a configuration, there is no need to secure a bearing surface for the head of the bolt 65 on the rack 55 side, and the arrangement of the rack 55 in the groove portion 47 of the rail 40 can be realized favorably.

As shown in FIG. 4( a ), fixing points by bolts 65 are provided not only at the upper and lower ends of the rack 55 but also between the upper and lower ends (intermediate portion). Further, the fixing points by the bolts 65 are provided at positions that are aligned with the rack teeth 57 , more specifically, on both left and right sides of the rack teeth 57 . By fixing at a position close to the rack teeth 57 in this manner, distortion of the rack 55 and the like can be suitably suppressed.

According to the first embodiment detailed above, the following excellent effects can be expected.

By accommodating the rack teeth 57 within the range between the two plate surfaces 56a and 56b of the base plate portion 56 having a flat plate shape, the thickness of the rack 55 is reduced and the space of the transmission mechanism 50 (hand press 10) is saved. are doing. Specifically, when compared with the conventionally known rod-shaped rack 55X illustrated in FIG. While the portion 57X is formed, the rack 55 shown in the above embodiment is defective in the base portion. As a result, the front-rear width of the press unit is reduced. This is advantageous in improving the degree of freedom in arranging the hand press.

Further, as shown in FIG. 5(a), by thinning the rack 55, the meshing position CP between the rack 55 and the pinion 52 (that is, the position where the operating force is transmitted) can be brought closer to the pressing line PL of the work W by the rail 40. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the separation between the meshing position CP and the pressing line PL in the direction in which the rack 55 and the pinion 52 are arranged. As a result, stress such as a bending moment generated in the rail 40 and the bearing portion 25 can be reduced, and deformation such as distortion in the rail 40 and the like can be suppressed. That is, by devising the structure of the rack 55 as described above, it is possible to save space while suppressing a decrease in the strength of the hand press 10 .

Compared with the bar-shaped rack 55X shown in FIG. 5(b), the rack 55 shown in the above embodiment is more likely to bend back and forth. If such bending influences the engagement portion with the pinion 52, there is concern that the transmission of the operating force will not be performed smoothly. In this regard, the rack 55 is fixed to the rails 40 not only at the upper and lower ends but also at the intermediate portions between those ends, so that the front and rear deflection is suppressed. This suppresses the above influence.

In addition, in the hand press 10, when the rack 55 is raised and lowered by the pinion 52, the directions of the rack 55 and the rail 40 do not change. Therefore, the orientation of the tool T does not change as the rail 40 descends. Since the rack 55 and the pinion 52 mesh vertically, even if vertical backlash occurs between the rack 55 and the pinion 52, the change in direction described above does not occur. For the above reasons, according to the hand press 10 shown in the present embodiment, it is possible to perform press work with high accuracy.

<Second Embodiment>
In the first embodiment, the rail 40 is arranged so that the groove 47 faces the pinion 52 side, and the rack 55 is accommodated in the groove 47 . The hand press 10A shown in this embodiment is composed of a base 12, a strut 13, and a press unit 14A. Although similar to the hand press 10 described above, the rails, racks and related construction differ from the hand press 10. The hand press 10A according to the present embodiment will be described below, focusing on differences from the hand press 10, with reference to FIGS. 6 and 7. FIG.

As shown in FIG. 6, in hand press 10A shown in this embodiment, the direction of rail 40A is opposite to that in the first embodiment. That is, the rail 40A is arranged so that the groove 47 faces the opposite side of the pinion 52 (the front side of the press unit 14). That is, in the present embodiment, the plate surface 41b opposite to the plate surface 41a on which the groove portion 47 is formed in the body portion 41A of the rail 40A faces the pinion 52 side.

The present embodiment differs from the first embodiment in the fixing structure of the bearing portion 25 that forms the linear guide together with the rail 40A. Specifically, the bearing portion 25 is fixed to the housing 20A so as to be sandwiched between the plate 81A arranged on the front side of the hand press 10 and the front portion 21A of the housing 20A.

As shown in FIG. 7, a rack 55A is arranged so as to overlap the plate surface 41b of the main body 41A. As with the rack 55 of the first embodiment, the rack 55A is composed of a base plate portion 56A that has a flat plate shape and extends vertically, and a plurality of rack teeth 57A that are arranged vertically. Rack teeth 57A are housed in a range between both plate surfaces of base plate portion 56A. When the rack 55A is fixed to the rail 40A, the plate surface of the base plate portion 56A and the back portion of the rack tooth 57A are in contact with the plate surface 41b of the rail 40A (see FIG. 7).

The width of the plate surface 41b is larger than that of the plate surface 41a, and the width of the rack 55A is substantially the same as that of the plate surface 41b. In this embodiment, bolt holes to which bolts 65 are fixed are formed in the body portion 41A of the rail 40A, and a plurality of communication holes communicating with the bolt holes are formed in the rack 55A. Recesses corresponding to the heads of the bolts 65 are formed in the inlet portions of the communication holes, and the heads of the bolts 65 inserted from the rack 55A side are accommodated in the recesses. This prevents the head of the bolt 65 from protruding toward the front surface 21A of the housing 20A.

As shown in this embodiment, if the rack 55A is disposed on the side of the plate surface 41b, the width of the rack 55A can be increased while allowing the rack 55A and the shaft portion 45 to coexist. As a result, it is possible to suitably suppress the decrease in the strength of the rack 55A due to the formation of the bolt holes. This is advantageous in increasing the number of fixing points between the rack 55A and the rail 40A, and by increasing the number of fixing points, the effect of suppressing deformation such as bending of the rack 55A by combining with the rail 40A can be exhibited more favorably. can be done.

<Modification>
In addition, it is not limited to the description content of each embodiment mentioned above, For example, you may implement as follows. Incidentally, the configurations of the following different modes may be applied individually to the configurations of the above embodiments, or may be applied in combination with each other.

(1) As shown in FIG. 8A, the pinion 52B is composed of two gear portions 71B and 72B arranged in the same direction as the rotation center axis CL, and the rack 55B has rack teeth corresponding to the first gear portion 71B. 77B (group of through holes 75B) and rack teeth 78B (group of through holes 76B) corresponding to the second gear portion 72B may be provided separately. In this case, the timing at which the pinion teeth of the first gear portion 71B and the rack teeth 77B abut against each other by providing a phase difference between the gear portions 71B and 72B and the timing at which the pinion teeth and the rack teeth 78B of the second gear portion 72B abut against each other. can reduce the backlash that occurs between the rack and the pinion.

When the through hole for the first gear portion and the through hole for the second gear portion are provided side by side in the same direction as the rotation center axis CL, the shape of the through hole may be changed as follows. . That is, like the rack 55C shown in FIG. 8B, one end (side portion) of the through holes 75C and 76C in the same direction as the rotation center axis CL is opened and the through holes 75C and 76C are cut out. good too.

(2) The location where the rack 55 is fixed to the rail 40 may be changed arbitrarily. For example, the fixing points are provided at the upper end, the lower end and the intermediate part of the rack 55, but it is sufficient if the fixing points are provided at least at the upper end and the lower end. can be omitted. Moreover, although the fixing point of the intermediate portion is provided on the side of the rack tooth 57, the fixing point may be provided on the side of the through-hole 59 instead of or in addition to the fixing point.

(3) In each of the above embodiments, the rail 40 and the rack 55 are fixed by the bolt 65, but the specific structure for fixing the rail 40 and the rack 55 is arbitrary. For example, the rail 40 and the rack 55 may be fixed by rivets or by welding. However, in view of the fact that the rack 55 may be worn or deformed by repeated pressing operations, it is technically impossible to make the rack 55 detachable by using the bolt 65 as the fixing means as shown in the above embodiment. meaningful.

(4) In each of the above embodiments, the back portion 57c of the rack tooth 57 is in surface contact with the plate surface 41a of the rail 40 (body portion 41). It is also possible to provide a structure in which a gap is provided between the rack teeth 57 and the plate surface 41a so that the rack teeth 57 do not contact each other. Even in the case where the gap is provided in this way, the size of the gap should be such that when the rack teeth 57 are bent toward the plate surface 41a and deformed, the deformation by the plate surface 41a does not exceed the elastic region. It is preferable to set it to the extent that it can be regulated.

Although the back portion 57c of the rack tooth 57 is positioned on the same plane as the plate surface 56b of the base plate portion 56, in terms of bringing the back portion 57c of the rack tooth 57 into surface contact with the plate surface of the rail 40, the back portion 57c is It is also possible to adopt a configuration in which it is positioned on a surface different from the plate surface 56 b of the base plate portion 56 .

(5) In each of the above embodiments, the rail 40 is made of aluminum and the rack 55 is made of iron, but any material may be used. It is also possible to use the same material for the rail 40 and the rack 55 . However, by making the large-sized rail 40 made of lightweight aluminum and making the small-sized and high-strength rack 55 made of high-strength iron, the operability and strength of the hand press 10 are preferably improved. It is technically significant that

(6) In each of the above-described embodiments, the rack teeth 57 are formed over the entire area in the thickness direction of the base plate portion 56 in the range between both plate surfaces of the base plate portion 56, but the present invention is limited to this. nothing. It is sufficient that the rack teeth 57 are formed over substantially the entire area (for example, 80% or more) in the thickness direction between both plate surfaces of the base plate portion 56 . For example, when the opening portion of the through-hole 59 that is open to the rail 40 side is chamfered, a portion (upper surface or lower surface) of the rack tooth 57 on the valley portion 57b side that does not function as a tooth (contacts the pinion tooth 53) However, even in such a configuration, it is sufficient if 80% or more in the thickness direction of the range between both plate surfaces of the base plate portion 56 functions as teeth.

(7) It is also possible to form rack teeth on the body portion 41 of the rail 40 .

(8) In the first embodiment, the rack 55 is accommodated in the groove portion 47 of the rail 40, that is, the structure is such that protrusion from the groove portion 47 is avoided. It does not deny the protruding configuration.

(9) In the above-described second embodiment, the bolt 65 is inserted from the rack 55A side and fixed to the rail 40A. However, the configuration is not limited to this. A configuration may be adopted in which the bolt 65 is inserted from the rail 40A side and fixed to the rack 55A. With such a configuration, it is not necessary to provide the rack 55A with a concave portion or the like for avoiding the projection of the head of the bolt 65, which contributes to further miniaturization of the rack 55A. Even in this case, by placing the head of the bolt 65 in the groove 47 of the rail 40A, it is possible to avoid increasing the thickness of the rail 40A and the rack 55A as a whole.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10... Hand press 11... Table 12... Base which comprises an installation part 14... Press unit 25... Bearing part 26... Through hole 30... Operation lever 40... Rail as a slider 41... As a base part main body 41a plate surface 45 shaft 50 transmission mechanism 52 pinion 53 pinion tooth 55 rack 56 base plate 57 rack tooth 57a ridge 57b valley portion, 57c... back portion, 59... through hole, W... work.

Claims (4)

an operation lever, a slider that can be displaced toward and away from an installation portion on which a workpiece is installed, and an operation that displaces the slider toward the installation portion in accordance with the operation of the operation lever. A hand press comprising a transmission mechanism for transmitting the operating force of the lever to the slider,
The transmission mechanism is
a pinion that rotates in accordance with the operation of the operating lever;
and a rack provided on the slider,
The rack comprises a flat plate-shaped base plate portion extending in the displacement direction of the slider, and a plurality of rack teeth arranged in the displacement direction and meshing with the pinion teeth of the pinion,
The ridges of each of the rack teeth are at the same height position in the thickness direction of one plate surface of the base plate portion and the base plate portion, and the troughs of each of the rack teeth are located on the other side of the base plate portion. It is at the same height position as the plate surface in the thickness direction and is open in the thickness direction ,
The slider has a plate-shaped main body portion extending in the displacement direction, and is disposed so that one plate surface of the main body portion faces the pinion side,
The rack is disposed between the slider and the pinion, and is fixed to the slider in a state in which the plate surface of the base plate portion is in surface contact with the plate surface of the main body portion. press. 2. The hand press according to claim 1, wherein each of the rack teeth is provided in the range between both plate surfaces of the base plate portion over the entire area or substantially the entire area in the thickness direction. The back portion of the rack teeth on the side of the valley portion is a flat portion that is flush with the plate surface of the base plate portion,
3. The hand press according to claim 1, wherein the flat portion of the rack tooth is in surface contact with the plate surface of the main body when the rack is fixed to the slider. The slider is a rail having a plate-like main body extending in the displacement direction and shafts provided on both long sides of the main body. is arranged,
Displacement of the slider in a direction intersecting the displacement direction is restricted by a pair of bearing portions engaged with each of the shaft portions,
4. The hand press according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the rack is arranged between the pair of bearings.

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