JP7202324B2 - ハニカムフィルタの製造方法 - Google Patents
ハニカムフィルタの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP7202324B2 JP7202324B2 JP2020034887A JP2020034887A JP7202324B2 JP 7202324 B2 JP7202324 B2 JP 7202324B2 JP 2020034887 A JP2020034887 A JP 2020034887A JP 2020034887 A JP2020034887 A JP 2020034887A JP 7202324 B2 JP7202324 B2 JP 7202324B2
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- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- forming
- cordierite
- raw material
- honeycomb filter
- volume
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 40
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 87
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 80
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 66
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 63
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000005350 fused silica glass Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052878 cordierite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium dioxido-bis[(1-oxido-3-oxo-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3-disila-5,7-dialuminabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-7-yl)oxy]silane Chemical compound [Mg++].[Mg++].[O-][Si]([O-])(O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2)O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2 JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002612 dispersion medium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000264877 Hippospongia communis Species 0.000 description 122
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 37
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 31
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 23
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 5
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 3
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 3
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002276 dielectric drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007602 hot air drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
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- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical group [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004375 Dextrin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001353 Dextrin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000663 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004354 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001593 boehmite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910002026 crystalline silica Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019425 dextrin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910001649 dickite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxidooxidoaluminium Chemical compound O[Al]=O FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000019447 hydroxyethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001866 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003088 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Chemical compound OC1C(O)C(OC)OC(CO)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(C(O)C(OC3C(C(O)C(O)C(CO)O3)O)C(CO)O2)O)C(CO)O1 UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010979 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007561 laser diffraction method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010981 methylcellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005022 packaging material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000000790 scattering method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009777 vacuum freeze-drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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Description
得られた前記坏土をハニカム形状に成形してハニカム成形体を作製する成形工程と、
得られた前記ハニカム成形体を焼成してハニカムフィルタを得る焼成工程と、を備え、
前記コージェライト化原料が、無機造孔材としての多孔質シリカ及び溶融シリカのうちの少なくとも一方を含み、
前記コージェライト化原料のレーザ回析散乱式粒度分布測定法による体積基準の累積粒度分布において、小径側から全体積の10体積%の粒子径(μm)をD(a)10とし、全体積の50体積%の粒子径(μm)をD(a)50とし、全体積の90体積%の粒子径(μm)をD(a)90とし、且つ、
前記有機造孔材のレーザ回析散乱式粒度分布測定法による体積基準の累積粒度分布において、小径側から全体積の50体積%の粒子径(μm)をD(b)50とし、
前記コージェライト化原料のD (a) 50が、5~15μmであり、
前記有機造孔材のD(b)50が40μm以下であり、且つ、
前記コージェライト化原料及び前記有機造孔材として、下記式(1)及び下記式(2)の関係を満たすものを用いる、ハニカムフィルタの製造方法。
式(1):D(a)50/(D(a)90-D(a)10)≧0.30
式(2):|log10D(a)50-log10D(b)50|≦0.60
前記多孔質シリカ及び前記溶融シリカのD(c)50が、3~30μmである、前記[1]~[3]のいずれかに記載のハニカムフィルタの製造方法。
本発明のハニカムフィルタの製造方法の一の実施形態は、図1~図3に示すようなハニカムフィルタ100を製造する製造方法である。図1~図3に示すハニカムフィルタ100は、ハニカム構造部4と、目封止部5と、を備えている。ハニカム構造部4は、第一端面11から第二端面12まで延びる流体の流路となる複数のセル2を取り囲むように配置された多孔質の隔壁1を有する柱状のものである。ハニカム構造部4は、その外周側面に、隔壁1を囲繞するように配設された外周壁3を更に有している。目封止部5は、それぞれのセル2の第一端面11側又は第二端面12側の開口部に配設されている。図1~図3において、符号2aは、流入セルを示し、符号2bは、流出セルを示す。
坏土調製工程では、まず、坏土の原料となる、コージェライト化原料、有機造孔材及び分散媒を用意する。ここで、「コージェライト化原料」とは、シリカが42~56質量%、アルミナが30~45質量%、マグネシアが12~16質量%の範囲に入る化学組成となるように配合されたセラミック原料であって、焼成されてコージェライトになるものである。
式(2):|log10D(a)50-log10D(b)50|≦0.60
成形工程では、坏土調製工程にて得られた坏土をハニカム形状に成形してハニカム成形体を作製する。坏土をハニカム形状に成形する成形方法については特に制限はないが、押出成形、射出成形、プレス成形等の従来公知の成形方法を挙げることができる。中でも、上述のように調製した坏土を、所望のセル形状、隔壁厚さ、セル密度に対応した口金を用いて押出成形する方法を好適例として挙げることができる。ハニカム成形体の隔壁厚さは、例えば、焼成後の厚さが152~305μmとなるように成形されたものであることが好ましい。隔壁の厚さが152μm未満であると、強度の点で好ましくない。隔壁の厚さが305μmを超えると、圧力損失の点で好ましくない。
焼成工程は、成形工程によって得られたハニカム成形体を焼成してハニカムフィルタを得る工程である。ハニカム成形体を焼成する際の焼成雰囲気の温度は、例えば、1300~1450℃が好ましく、1400~1450℃が更に好ましい。また、焼成時間は、最高温度でのキープ時間として2~8時間程度とすることが好ましい。
次に、本実施形態のハニカムフィルタの製造方法によって製造されるハニカムフィルタについて、図1~図3を参照しつつ説明する。図1~図3に示すハニカムフィルタ100は、ハニカム構造部4と、目封止部5と、を備えたものである。ハニカム構造部4は、第一端面11から第二端面12まで延びる流体の流路となる複数のセル2を取り囲むように配置された多孔質の隔壁1を有する柱状のものである。目封止部5は、それぞれのセル2の第一端面11側又は第二端面12側の開口部に配設されている。
コージェライト化原料として、タルク、カオリン、アルミナ、水酸化アルミニウム、及び多孔質シリカを用意した。そして、各原料の累積粒度分布を、HORIBA社製のレーザ回折/散乱式粒子径分布測定装置(商品名:LA-960)を用いて測定した。実施例1においては、各原料の配合比率(質量部)が表1に示す値となるように、各原料を配合してコージェライト化原料を調製した。表1において、「粒度D50(μm)」の横方向の行は、各原料の50体積%の粒子径(即ち、メジアン径)を示している。多孔質シリカは、JIS-R1626に準拠して測定されたBET比表面積が、200~400m2/gのものを用いた。表1において、「BET比表面積(m2/g)」の欄は、無機造孔材としての多孔質シリカ及び溶融シリカのBET比表面積を示す。また、多孔質シリカ及び溶融シリカの「粒度D50(μm)」は、無機造孔材としての多孔質シリカ及び溶融シリカの50体積%の粒子径(D(c)50)を意味する。
まず、平均粒子径30μmの酸化アルミニウムを含む触媒スラリーを調製した。そして、調製した触媒スラリーを用いて、ハニカムフィルタに触媒を担持した。具体的には、触媒の担持は、ハニカムフィルタをディッピング(Dipping)することによって行い、その後、余分な触媒スラリーを空気にて吹き飛ばすことによって、ハニカムフィルタの隔壁に所定量の触媒を担持した。その後、触媒を担持したハニカムフィルタを100℃の温度で乾燥し、更に500℃、2時間の熱処理を行うことにより、触媒付きハニカムフィルタを得た。実施例1のハニカムフィルタに担持した触媒の担持量は、100g/Lであった。
まず、各実施例及び比較例のハニカムフィルタ(又は触媒付きハニカムフィルタ)を排ガス浄化用フィルタとした排ガス浄化装置を作製した。次に、作製した排ガス浄化装置を、1.2L直噴ガソリンエンジン車両のエンジン排気マニホルドの出口側に接続して、排ガス浄化装置の流出口から排出されるガスに含まれる煤の個数を、PN測定方法によって測定した。走行モードに関しては、RDE走行のワーストを模擬した走行モード(RTS95)を実施した。モード走行後に排出された煤の個数の累計を、判定対象となる排ガス浄化装置の煤の個数とし、その煤の個数から捕集効率(%)を算出した。また、表5の「捕集効率比」の欄に、比較例1の触媒付きハニカムフィルタを使用した排ガス浄化装置の捕集効率の値を100%とした場合における、各実施例及び比較例の触媒付きハニカムフィルタを使用した排ガス浄化装置の捕集効率の値(%)を示す。捕集効率評価においては、下記評価基準に基づき、各実施例及び比較例のハニカムフィルタの評価を行った。
評価「優」:捕集効率比(%)の値が、110%を超える場合、その評価を「優」とする。
評価「良」:捕集効率比(%)の値が、105%を超え、110%以下である場合、その評価を「良」とする。
評価「可」:捕集効率比(%)の値が、100%を超え、105%以下である場合、その評価を「可」とする。
評価「不可」:捕集効率比(%)の値が、100%以下の場合、その評価を「不可」とする。
1.2L直噴ガソリンエンジンから排出される排ガスを700℃、600m3/hの流量で流入させて、ハニカムフィルタ(又は触媒付きハニカムフィルタ)の流入端面側と流出端面側との圧力を測定した。そして、流入端面側と流出端面側との圧力差を算出することにより、ハニカムフィルタの圧力損失(kPa)を求めた。表5の「圧力損失比」の欄に、比較例1の触媒付きハニカムフィルタの圧力損失の値を100%とした場合における、各実施例及び比較例の触媒付きハニカムフィルタを圧力損失の値(%)を示す。圧力損失評価においては、下記評価基準に基づき、各実施例のハニカムフィルタの評価を行った。
評価「優」:圧力損失比(%)の値が、90%以下である場合、その評価を「優」とする。
評価「良」:圧力損失比(%)の値が、90%を超え、95%以下である場合、その評価を「良」とする。
評価「可」:圧力損失比(%)の値が、95%を超え、100%以下である場合、その評価を「可」とする。
評価「不可」:圧力損失比(%)の値が、100%を超える場合、その評価を「不可」とする。
実施例2~7においては、コージェライト化原料に用いる各原料の配合比率(質量部)を表1に示すように変更した。また、有機造孔材及びその他原料の配合比率(質量部)についても表2に示すように変更した。このような原料を用いて坏土を調製したこと以外は、実施例1と同様の方法でハニカムフィルタを作製した。なお、実施例2~7に使用したコージェライト化原料は、これまでに説明した式(1)を満たすものであった。
比較例1,2においては、コージェライト化原料に用いる各原料の配合比率(質量部)を表1に示すように変更した。また、有機造孔材及びその他原料の配合比率(質量部)についても表2に示すように変更した。このような原料を用いて坏土を調製したこと以外は、実施例1と同様の方法でハニカムフィルタを作製した。比較例1においては、有機造孔材としての吸水性ポリマーに加えて、粒度D50が45μmの発泡樹脂を造孔材として用いた。表2において、「有機造孔材」の欄に、造孔材としての発泡樹脂の配合比率(質量部)を示す。
実施例1~7の製造方法によって製造されたハニカムフィルタは、捕集効率、及び圧力損失の評価結果が、比較例1,2の製造方法によって製造されたハニカムフィルタよりも優れたものであった。
Claims (5)
- コージェライト化原料に有機造孔材及び分散媒を加えて可塑性の坏土を調製する坏土調製工程と、
得られた前記坏土をハニカム形状に成形してハニカム成形体を作製する成形工程と、
得られた前記ハニカム成形体を焼成してハニカムフィルタを得る焼成工程と、を備え、
前記コージェライト化原料が、無機造孔材としての多孔質シリカ及び溶融シリカのうちの少なくとも一方を含み、
前記コージェライト化原料のレーザ回析散乱式粒度分布測定法による体積基準の累積粒度分布において、小径側から全体積の10体積%の粒子径(μm)をD(a)10とし、全体積の50体積%の粒子径(μm)をD(a)50とし、全体積の90体積%の粒子径(μm)をD(a)90とし、且つ、
前記有機造孔材のレーザ回析散乱式粒度分布測定法による体積基準の累積粒度分布において、小径側から全体積の50体積%の粒子径(μm)をD(b)50とし、
前記コージェライト化原料のD (a) 50が、5~15μmであり、
前記有機造孔材のD(b)50が40μm以下であり、且つ、
前記コージェライト化原料及び前記有機造孔材として、下記式(1)及び下記式(2)の関係を満たすものを用いる、ハニカムフィルタの製造方法。
式(1):D(a)50/(D(a)90-D(a)10)≧0.30
式(2):|log10D(a)50-log10D(b)50|≦0.60 - 前記コージェライト化原料は、当該コージェライト化原料100質量部中に、前記無機造孔材としての前記多孔質シリカ及び前記溶融シリカの少なくとも一方を、5~18質量部含む、請求項1に記載のハニカムフィルタの製造方法。
- 前記坏土調製工程において、前記コージェライト化原料100質量部に対して、前記有機造孔材を0.5~5質量部加える、請求項1又は2に記載のハニカムフィルタの製造方法。
- 前記多孔質シリカ及び前記溶融シリカのレーザ回析散乱式粒度分布測定法による体積基準の累積粒度分布において、小径側から全体積の50体積%の粒子径(μm)をD(c)50とし、
前記多孔質シリカ及び前記溶融シリカのD(c)50が、3~30μmである、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載のハニカムフィルタの製造方法。 - 前記多孔質シリカのJIS-R1626に準拠して測定されたBET比表面積が、200~400m2/gである、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載のハニカムフィルタの製造方法。
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