JP7198988B2 - AC motor - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to AC motors.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, AC motors capable of changing the rotation speed by devising a winding method have been known.

As an example, the technology disclosed in Patent Document 1 will be described.

The stator of a single-phase induction motor (AC motor) is equipped with a core and multiple coils (windings). It consists of a plurality of teeth (tooth base portions) extending radially inward, and a plurality of coils wound around the plurality of teeth. The coil includes a main winding 8000 and three types of auxiliary windings (first auxiliary winding 8100, second auxiliary winding 8200, and third auxiliary winding 8300), as shown in FIG. The main winding 8000 is formed by winding a continuous conductive wire (conductive wire) around every other tooth 6100 while reversing the winding direction. It is formed by winding around teeth 6100 positioned in the middle of every other teeth 6100 while reversing the winding direction.

Furthermore, two or more second and third auxiliary windings 8200 and 8300 are lap wound around either the main winding 8000 or the first auxiliary winding 8100 . Here, a plurality of binding pins (terminal pins) extending in one axial direction are arranged on one axial end surface of the insulator in the vicinity of the teeth 6100 . A starting end or a terminal end of the main winding 8000 or a starting end or a terminal end of the first auxiliary winding 8100 and a plurality of lap wound auxiliary windings 8200 and 8300 are respectively bound to the binding pins. . With the above configuration, it is possible to impart a speed control function (speed control function) to the AC motor.

JP 2013-215023 A

2. Description of the Related Art In AC motors, the thickness of insulators has been reduced in recent years. The purpose of this is to increase the number of turns of the winding that can be wound around the core by thinning the insulator. As a result, the amount of magnetic flux generated when current flows through the windings also increases, and even an AC motor of the same size can generate greater torque. On the other hand, however, the thinning of the insulator limits the number of terminal pins that can be provided on the insulator, and there is a problem that the number of adjustable speeds, that is, the number of adjustable speeds, is reduced.

In order to solve this problem, an AC motor according to the present invention has a core, a stator having insulators, windings, and terminal pins, and a rotor provided on the inner circumference of the stator. The core includes a main core and an auxiliary core, and is formed in an annular shape in which the main core and the auxiliary core are alternately connected in the circumferential direction. The windings are the main winding that is looped around the main core, the auxiliary winding that is looped around the auxiliary core, and the winding that is wound around either the main winding or the auxiliary winding. a fast-tuning wire looped around from a core A to a core B different from the core A, and loop-wound from the core B to the core A in a loop . At least one of the leading end and the trailing end of the speed control wire is connected to a terminal pin provided on an insulator corresponding to core C, which is different from core A and core B, thereby achieving the intended purpose. It is something to do.

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide an AC motor in which the thickness of the insulator can be reduced without reducing the speed modulation.

FIG. 1 is an exploded view of an AC motor according to an embodiment of the invention. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a stator according to an embodiment of the invention. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a core according to an embodiment of the invention. FIG. 4 is a perspective view of an insulator according to an embodiment of the invention. FIG. 5 is a perspective cross-sectional view of a stator according to an embodiment of the invention. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a stator according to an embodiment of the invention. FIG. 7 is a simplified diagram of winding specifications according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 8 is a diagram showing windings in a conventional single layer induction motor.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. It should be noted that the following embodiment is an example that embodies the present invention, and does not limit the technical scope of the present invention. In addition, throughout the drawings, the same parts are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the second and subsequent explanations are omitted. Furthermore, in each drawing, detailed descriptions of parts that are not directly related to the present invention are omitted.

(Embodiment)
An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

First, an AC motor 10 according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 1 is a developed view of the AC motor 10. FIG.

The AC motor 10 is a motor that rotates by applying an AC voltage (single-phase AC) that can be obtained from, for example, a general household outlet, and is used for ventilation fans, air cleaners, humidifiers, blowers, and the like. The AC motor 10 includes a stator 1, a rotor 2, and housings 3a and 3b.

The stator 1 is supplied with a current from the outside, thereby generating magnetic flux and causing the rotor 2 to generate rotational force. Details of the stator 1 will be described later.

Rotor 2 rotates about central axis 11 by the rotational force obtained from stator 1 , and transmits the power obtained by the rotational movement to the outside of AC motor 10 through shaft 21 . The rotor 2 includes a shaft 21 , a die cast portion 22 and bearings 23 .

The shaft 21 is made of carbon steel, stainless steel, or the like, and is a rotating shaft that transmits the power of the rotor 2 to the outside. The shaft 21 has a cylindrical bar shape and is concentric with the central axis 11 . The shaft 21 is press-fitted and fixed in a hole having approximately the same diameter as the shaft diameter, which is formed in the die-cast part 22 .

The central shaft 11 is a shaft extending in the axial direction of the AC motor 10 and is the center of rotational motion.

The die-cast part 22 includes a plurality of electromagnetic steel sheets laminated in the same direction as the central axis 11, that is, in the extending direction of the central axis 11, and a basket-shaped conductor made of aluminum or the like. When the magnetic flux generated by the stator 1 passes through the electromagnetic steel plate of the die-cast part 22, an induced current flows through the cage conductor, and a rotational force is generated according to Fleming's left-hand rule. The die cast part 22 is cylindrical and concentric with the shaft 21 .

The bearing 23 has a hollow circular shape concentric with the shaft 21 and supports the shaft 21 in rotational motion. The inner diameter of the bearings 23 is substantially the same as the diameter of the shaft 21 , and two bearings 23 are press-fitted and fixed to the shaft 21 so as to sandwich the die-cast portions 22 from both sides of the shaft 21 .

The housings 3a and 3b are bottomed cylindrical outer shells that have an inner space having substantially the same diameter as the outer diameter of the stator 1 and hold the stator 1 in the inner space. The housing 3 a accommodates the stator 1 from one side in the axial direction of the stator 1 with the top opening of the bottomed cylindrical shape facing the stator 1 . The housing 3b has substantially the same shape as the housing 3a, and likewise houses the stator 1 from the other side in the axial direction of the stator 1 with the top opening facing the stator 1. As shown in FIG. Thereby, the stator 1 and the rotor 2 are stored in the housings 3a and 3b.

Next, the stator 1 of the AC motor 10 according to this embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the stator 1, and FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the core 5. As shown in FIG.

A stator 1 includes a core 5 , an insulator 6 , windings 7 , terminal pins 8 and a substrate 9 .

The core 5 has a structure in which a plurality of electromagnetic steel sheets are laminated in the same direction as the central axis 11, and forms a path for magnetic flux generated by applying an electric current to the winding 7, that is, forms a magnetic circuit. The core 5 is formed in a ring shape by integrating a plurality of split cores 51 or by connecting a plurality of independent split cores 51 to form a ring shape.

The split core 51 includes a yoke portion 511 , a tooth base portion 512 and a flange portion 513 .

The yoke portion 511 is provided on the outer peripheral side of the split core 51 and forms the outer peripheral surface of the core 5 .

The tooth base portion 512 protrudes from the yoke portion 511 toward the inner peripheral side, and has a rectangular shape when viewed in cross section perpendicular to the central axis 11 .

The flange portion 513 protrudes from the inner peripheral tip portion of the tooth base portion 512 to both sides in the circumferential direction. The thickness of the collar portion 513 in the radial direction from the central axis 11 becomes thinner as it becomes farther from the inner peripheral side tip portion of the tooth base portion 512 . The collar 513 does not contact adjacent collars 513 but forms the inner peripheral surface of the core 5 .

The insulator 6 is a resin molded product made of an insulating material, and the winding portion of the core 5 having a cylindrical shape, that is, the space formed by the tooth base portion 512 , the inner peripheral side of the yoke portion 511 , and the outer peripheral side of the flange portion 513 . It has a shape that covers from the inner circumference. The insulator 6 serves to electrically insulate the core 5 and the winding 7 by winding the winding 7 around the plurality of split cores 51 via the insulator 6 . Like the core 5 , the insulator 6 forms a ring shape corresponding to the split core 51 .

The winding 7 is a conductive wire whose main material is an alloy of copper or aluminum, and is wound around the core 5 provided with the insulator 6 . Winding specifications differ according to the required specifications.

The terminal pin 8 is mainly made of a conductive material, and is arranged parallel to the central axis 11 on the upper surface of the insulator 6 , that is, on the surface facing the substrate 9 . The terminal pin 8 is electrically connected to the substrate 9 by soldering or the like, and the winding 7 is tied to the beginning or end of the winding 7 to mediate the electrical connection between the substrate 9 and the winding 7 . The position of the terminal pin 8 in the insulator 6 is determined in consideration of the legal insulation distance from the housing 3a.

The substrate 9 connects an external inverter circuit or the like to the winding 7 by connecting a plurality of electrical contacts, thereby enabling current supply to the winding 7 . The substrate 9 has a plurality of electrical contacts, lands 92 and through holes 91 .

Lands 92 are copper foils that conductively connect a plurality of electrical contacts.

A through hole 91 is a through hole formed in the substrate 9 for the terminal pin 8 to pass through.

The substrate 9 has a part of a hollow circular shape with a central angle of about 160 degrees, and is concentric with the central axis 11 and extends on a plane perpendicular to the central axis 11 in a predetermined direction from the central axis 11 to the core 5 . placed at a distance. The substrate 9 is placed on the outer periphery of the insulator 6 on the top surface side.

Next, details of the insulator 6 will be described with reference to FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the insulator 6. FIG.

The insulator 6 includes an inner wall 62 , an outer wall 63 , a connecting portion 64 and a projecting portion 65 .

The inner wall 62 is positioned on the inner peripheral side of the insulator 6 which is formed in an annular shape. The inner wall 62 is adjacent to the outer peripheral side of the tooth base portion 512 of the split core 51 and covers the outer peripheral surface of the tooth base portion 512 . The inner wall 62 has a pin fixing portion 61 .

The pin fixing portions 61 are holes provided on both circumferential sides of the inner wall 62 to fix the terminal pins 8 . A terminal pin 8 for supplying current to the winding 7 is press-fitted and fixed to the pin fixing portion 61 . The pin fixing portion 61 protrudes from the upper surface of the insulator 6 in parallel with the central axis 11 and has a shape protruding radially from the central axis 11 from the outer peripheral surface of the flange portion 513 . Therefore, by hooking the winding 7 on the inner peripheral side of the pin fixing portion 61 , the transition of the winding 7 to the adjacent insulator 6 is supported.

The outer wall 63 is positioned on the outer peripheral side of the insulator 6 that is annularly formed. The outer wall 63 is adjacent to the inner peripheral side of the yoke portion 511 of the split core 51 and covers the inner peripheral surface of the yoke portion 511 . The space between the inner wall 62 and the outer wall 63 is a space for winding the windings 7. As this space becomes wider, the amount of windings that can be wound can be increased, and a high-output motor can be designed. Therefore, the thickness of the insulator, which reduces the thickness of the inner wall 62 or the outer wall 63, is progressing. In the AC motor 10, since the terminal pins 8 are provided on the inner wall 62, the outer wall 63 can be made thinner than the inner wall 62, and the winding amount can be increased in the outer peripheral direction. Here, the thickness of the outer wall 63 is thinner than the outer diameter of the pin fixing portion, and the terminal pin 8 cannot be fixed. Also, providing the terminal pins 8 on the inner wall 62 eliminates the need to ensure the legal insulation distance between the terminal pins 8 and the housing 3a, which contributes to miniaturization of the motor.

The connecting portion 64 connects the inner wall 62 and the outer wall 63 and covers the tooth base portion 512 of the core 5 . The connecting portion 64 has a through hole 66 .

The through hole 66 is a through hole for covering the tooth base portion 512 of the split core 51 . The through hole 66 is a space that connects the inner wall 62 and the outer wall 63, and the tooth base portion 512 is positioned therein.

The protruding portion 65 protrudes from the upper surface of the insulator 6 in parallel with the central axis 11 and has a shape protruding radially from the central axis 11 from the inner wall 62 . Therefore, by hooking the winding wire 7 on the shape part of the projecting part 65 projecting in the radial direction from the central axis 11 , the transition of the winding wire 7 to the adjacent insulator 6 is supported. As a result, the winding 7 can be routed along the ring of the insulator 6, thereby suppressing breakage of the winding 7 and the like. The rear surface of the substrate 9 is positioned on the upper surface of the projecting portion 65 to determine the positional relationship between the substrate 9 and the windings 7 .

Next, the configuration of the terminal pins 8 provided on the substrate 9 and the insulator 6 will be described with reference to FIG. 5 is a perspective sectional view of the stator 1. FIG.

The terminal pins 8a and 8b provided on the insulator 6 are inserted into the through holes 91 of the substrate 9 placed on the top surface side of the insulator 6, and are fixed by soldering to the lands 92 on the substrate 9. . Here, the insulation distance 81 between the terminal pin 8a and the terminal pin 8b is the shortest distance from the land end to which the terminal pin 8a is soldered to the land end to which the terminal pin 8b is soldered. Therefore, the smaller the motor, the more difficult it becomes to maintain the insulating distance 81 between the terminal pins 8 on both sides in the circumferential direction provided on the inner wall 62 of the insulator 6 corresponding to one split core. That is, as the size is reduced, the distance between the terminal pins 8 provided on one split core becomes closer, so the insulation distance 81 also becomes shorter. As a result, a plurality of terminal pins 8 cannot be provided. Therefore, the number of terminal pins 8 provided on one split core is limited.

Next, the core 5 and the windings 7 will be described with reference to FIGS. 6 and 7. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the stator 1 on a plane perpendicular to the central axis, and FIG. 7 is a simplified diagram of winding specifications.

A split core 51 of the core 5 is formed of a plurality of main cores 52 and a plurality of auxiliary cores 53 . The core 5 forms an annular shape in which main cores 52 and auxiliary cores 53 are alternately connected in the circumferential direction.

The main core 52 is every other split core 51 out of the split cores 51 arranged continuously in an annular shape.

The auxiliary cores 53 are the split cores 51 that are located between the main cores 52 and that are located alternately among the split cores 51 that are continuously arranged in an annular shape. Note that the main core 52 and the auxiliary core 53 are names for convenience, and do not differ in physical shape and characteristics. Moreover, the main cores 52 and the auxiliary cores 53 are not adjacent to each other, that is, the core 5 is composed of an even number of split cores 51 .

The winding 7 includes a main winding 72 , an auxiliary winding 73 and a speed tuning wire 74 .

The main winding 72 is formed by winding a continuous conductive wire around every other main core 52 in a loop while reversing the winding direction for each main core 52 .

The auxiliary winding 73 is a continuous conductive wire that is wound around the auxiliary core 53 positioned between every other main core 52 around which a plurality of main windings 72 are wound. Drawn around and formed.

The speed adjustment wire 74 is lap-wound around either the main winding 72 or the auxiliary winding 73, and is routed in a loop while reversing the winding direction, similar to the main winding 72 and the auxiliary winding 73. . Further, since the speed adjustment line 74 is routed by the speed adjustment number, it requires the number of terminal pins 8 equal to the speed adjustment number+1. Here, the speed adjustment wire 74 is lap-wound around the auxiliary winding 73 .

When moving between the cores 5, the main winding 72, the auxiliary winding 73, and the speed adjusting wire 74 are arranged on the inner circumference side of the pin fixing portion 61, the outer circumference side of the projecting portion 65, and the inner circumference side of the pin fixing portion 61 again. , so that the connecting wire is fixed near the inner wall 62 .

Next, the winding specifications will be described with reference to FIGS. 6 and 7 as well.

The main winding 72 is first wound around the terminal pin 8a and wound around the main core 52a. Then, from the main core 52a, the main core 52b, the main core 52c, and the main core 52d are wound in order while reversing the winding direction. Finally, the main winding 72 is wrapped around the terminal pin 8e.

The auxiliary winding 73 is first wound around the terminal pin 8b and wound around the auxiliary core 53a. Then, from the auxiliary core 53a, the auxiliary core 53b, the auxiliary core 53c, and the auxiliary core 53d are drawn in order while reversing the winding direction. Finally, the auxiliary winding 73 is wrapped around the terminal pin 8g.

The speed adjustment wire 74 is started using the same conductive wire as the auxiliary winding 73 wrapped around the terminal pin 8g. The speed adjusting wire 74 (74a) is connected to the auxiliary core 53d, auxiliary core 53c, auxiliary core 53b, and auxiliary core 53a, which are already wound in this order from the terminal pin 8g around which the end of the auxiliary winding 73 is wound. It is wound and routed in the same direction as the winding 73 . Then, the speed adjustment wire 74 is wound around the terminal pin 8c. Therefore, since the speed tuning wire 74 is lap wound around the auxiliary winding 73 for one time, the speed tuning number is two.

Furthermore, the speed adjustment wire 74 (74b) is wound in the same direction as the already wound auxiliary winding 73 in the order of the auxiliary core 53a, the auxiliary core 53b, the auxiliary core 53c, and the auxiliary core 53d from the terminal pin 8c. , is pulled around. Then, it is tied around the terminal pin 8f. Therefore, since the speed tuning wire 74 is lap wound around the auxiliary winding 73 twice, the speed tuning number is three.

Conventionally, if the number of terminal pins provided on the insulator 6 corresponding to one split core 51 is two as described above, the limit of the speed adjustment number has been three. As the thickness of the insulator 6 is further reduced and the motor is miniaturized, the number of terminal pins provided on the insulator 6 corresponding to one split core 51 will decrease, and it is expected that there will be at least one terminal pin. In other words, when one terminal pin is provided for one split core 51, the speed adjustment number is also reduced. In order to solve this problem, in the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, at least one of the leading end and the trailing end of the speed adjusting wire 74 includes an auxiliary core 53a (core A) around which the auxiliary winding 73 begins to be wound, and an auxiliary The terminal pin 8 provided in the insulator 6 corresponding to the auxiliary core 53d (core B) around which the winding 73 finishes winding and the auxiliary core 53b (core C) different from the two cores is wound.

Specifically, the speed adjusting wire 74 (74c), which has already been lap wound twice, is already wound in the order of the auxiliary core 53d, the auxiliary core 53c, the auxiliary core 53b, and the auxiliary core 53a from the entwined terminal pin 8f. It is wound in the same direction as the wound auxiliary winding 73 and drawn around. Here, the two terminal pins 8 provided on the insulator 6 corresponding to the last wound auxiliary core 53a are already entwined with the windings 7 and cannot be used. Therefore, after the speed adjustment wire 74 is wound around the auxiliary core 53a, it is again routed around the auxiliary core 53b , wound half or one turn, and tied to the terminal pin 8d. By taking this method, the limit of the conventional speed modulation number can be increased. Furthermore, even if only one terminal pin 8 can be provided for one divided core 51 due to the miniaturization of the motor, the number of cores/2-2 speed adjustment can be realized.

As described above, it is possible to provide an AC motor in which the thickness of the insulator can be reduced without reducing the speed adjustment number.

Although the present embodiment discloses an example in which the outer wall is thinned, the inner wall may be thinned. In this case, since the thickness of the inner wall 62 is reduced, the amount of winding can be increased in the direction of the outer circumference as well as the amount of winding can be increased in the direction of the inner circumference, so that a large torque can be generated.

Also, the terminal pin 8 is provided on the outer wall. In this case, it is necessary to secure the legal insulation distance between the housing 3a and the terminal pins 8, but since the length of the arc can be longer than the inner wall 62, more terminal pins 8 can be provided. Therefore, compared with the case where the terminal pins 8 are provided on the inner wall 62, there is an effect that the number of speed adjustments can be increased.

The AC motor according to the present invention can maintain the speed adjustment number even if the number of terminal pins provided in the insulator corresponding to one split core is reduced due to the thinning of the insulator and the downsizing of the motor.

Reference Signs List 1 stator 2 rotor 3a, 3b housing 5 core 6 insulator 7 winding 8, 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d, 8e, 8f, 8g terminal pin 9 substrate 10 AC motor 11 center shaft 51 split core 52, 52a, 52b , 52c, 52d Main core 53, 53a, 53b, 53c, 53d Auxiliary core 61 Pin fixing part 62 Inner wall 63 Outer wall 64 Connection part 65 Protruding part 66 Through hole 72 Main winding 73 Auxiliary winding 74, 74a, 74b, 74c Speed Wire 81 Insulation distance 91 Through hole 92 Land 511 Yoke 512 Tooth base 513 Flange

Claims (7)

An AC motor having a core, a stator having insulators, windings, and terminal pins, and a rotor provided on the inner circumference of the stator,
The core is
a main core;
an auxiliary core;
formed in an annular shape in which the main core and the auxiliary core are alternately connected in the circumferential direction,
The winding is
a main winding looped around the main core;
an auxiliary winding looped around the auxiliary core;
It is wound around one of the main winding and the auxiliary winding, is looped from a predetermined core A to a core B different from the core A, and is further looped from the core B to the core A. a wound speed line; and
The speed line is
An AC motor having at least one of the starting end and the terminal end connected to the terminal pins provided on the insulator corresponding to the core C, which is different from the cores A and B. The speed line is
2. An AC motor according to claim 1, wherein said terminal pin is connected to said terminal pin provided on said insulator corresponding to said core C after being routed around said core C. The insulator is
an inner wall provided on the inner peripheral side of the core;
an outer wall provided on the outer peripheral side of the core,
The terminal pin is
provided on the inner wall,
The insulator is
A pin fixing portion for fixing the terminal pin is provided,
The pin fixing part is
projecting radially outward in the annular ring from the inner wall,
The outer wall is
2. The AC motor according to claim 1 , wherein said pin fixing portion is thinner than the outer diameter of said pin fixing portion. The outer wall is
formed thinner than the inner wall,
The terminal pin is
4. The AC motor according to claim 3 , wherein said inner wall is provided only. The insulator is
an inner wall provided on the inner peripheral side of the core;
an outer wall provided on the outer peripheral side of the core,
The terminal pin is
2. The AC motor according to claim 1, which is provided on said outer wall. The inner wall is
formed thinner than the outer wall,
The terminal pin is
6. The AC motor according to claim 5, which is provided only on said outer wall. The lap winding by the speed-tuning wire is
7. The AC motor according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein at least a single lap winding is applied to said main winding or said auxiliary winding.

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