JP7182443B2 - Buffers, seismically isolated buildings and buildings - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a buffer, a base-isolated building, and a building.

BACKGROUND ART Conventionally, shock absorbing members have been provided to absorb energy when, for example, floor-to-story displacement occurs in a building when an earthquake occurs. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a seismic isolation device arranged on a foundation and a building arranged on the seismic isolation device. A base-isolated building is mentioned.
A shock absorbing member used in this seismic isolation building can absorb the shock at the time of compression by applying a reaction force and compressively deforming when pushed by a seismic isolated building shaken by an earthquake, for example.

JP 2014-77229 A

However, in the above-described conventional shock absorbing members used in seismic isolation buildings, a steel plate is embedded only on one side in the compression direction, and on the other side in the compression direction is a deformation restraint that suppresses deformation during compression deformation. there was no Therefore, it has been difficult to increase the compressive rigidity of the impact absorbing member on the other side in the compression direction.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a damping body capable of alleviating impact while ensuring sufficient compressive rigidity, and a damping body capable of alleviating impact while ensuring sufficient compressive rigidity of the damping body. It is to provide seismic buildings and buildings.

In order to achieve the above object, a damping body according to the present invention is a damping body provided with a damping body portion, and a pair of damping body portions integrated with both end surfaces of the damping body portion to sandwich the damping body portion. and a hole extending from the surface of at least one of the pair of rigid plates to the interior of the buffer main body. Advantageous Effects of Invention According to the shock absorber according to the present invention, it is possible to mitigate impact while ensuring sufficient compression rigidity.

In the cushioning body of this invention, the hole may penetrate from one of the pair of rigid plates to the other. According to this configuration, the rigidity can be lowered to weaken the repulsive force, thereby protecting the building, and the vulcanization time can be shortened.

In the cushioning body of the present invention, the hole may have a cross-sectional area that changes in the penetrating direction. According to this configuration, it is possible to easily obtain desired repulsion characteristics and the like.

The shock absorber of this invention may include an internal rigid plate disposed between the pair of rigid plates and embedded in the shock absorber main body. According to this configuration, the compression rigidity can be further increased by the internal rigid plate.

In the shock absorber of the present invention, one of the shock absorbing main bodies separated by the internal rigid plate may be made of high damping rubber and the other may be made of natural rubber. According to this configuration, the high-damping rubber can increase the shock absorbing force, and the natural rubber can increase the restoring force.

In the cushioning body of the present invention, a plurality of holes may be provided. According to this configuration, it becomes easier to partially reduce the rigidity and, in turn, to adjust the repulsive force.
Further, in the cushioning body of the present invention, another member may be accommodated in the hole. According to this configuration, it is possible to realize a non-linear damping body.

In order to achieve the above object, a base isolated building according to the present invention is a base isolated building in which the building is installed via a base isolation device on a foundation structure provided with a retaining wall. The damping body is installed with the pair of rigid plates facing at least one of the retaining wall of the foundation structure and the side wall of the building facing the retaining wall with a gap. do. According to the base-isolated building according to the present invention, it is possible to mitigate the impact while ensuring sufficient compressive rigidity of the buffer.
Moreover, in the base-isolated building according to the present invention, there may be a plurality of the buffers, and the heights of the buffers may be different. By doing so, non-linearity can be realized.

Also, up to this point, we have mainly referred to a building installed via a seismic isolation device and a retaining wall of a foundation structure as the installation location of the shock absorber according to the present invention, but the shock absorber according to the present invention , for example, may be provided between the foundation and the building. In this case, for example, brackets may be projected from the foundation side or the building side, and at least one of the brackets may be attached with a shock absorber. Also, the buffer according to the present invention may be installed inside a building.
Moreover, the buffer according to the present invention can be applied not only to new construction but also to existing construction.

According to the present invention, a shock absorber capable of absorbing shock while ensuring sufficient compressive rigidity, and a base-isolated building capable of absorbing shock while ensuring sufficient compressive rigidity of the shock absorber. and buildings can be provided.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a state in which a shock absorber according to an embodiment of the present invention is attached to a retaining wall, a lower part of a building via brackets, and a substructure via brackets; FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a state in which a buffer according to an embodiment of the present invention is attached to a floor surface inside a building via brackets and to a ceiling surface via brackets. FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the damping body of FIG. 1; FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 2; 4 is a cross-sectional view similar to FIG. 3, showing another example 1 of the cushioning body of FIG. 1; FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view similar to FIG. 3, showing another example 2 of the cushioning body of FIG. 1; FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view similar to FIG. 3, showing another example 3 of the cushioning body of FIG. 1; FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows the state which the side wall of the building collided with the retaining wall through the buffer of FIG. 1a.

A mode for carrying out the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
As shown in FIGS. 1a and 2, the cushioning body 10 of this embodiment includes a cushioning body portion 11 that deforms when an impact is applied. This buffer 10 functions as a shock absorbing member, and is provided, for example, in a retaining wall 21a of a foundation structure 21 on which a building 23 of a base-isolated building 20 (see FIG. 1a) of this embodiment, which will be described later, is installed. ing.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the cushioning body 10 of this embodiment includes a pair of rigid plates 12, 12 that are integrated with both end surfaces of the cushioning main body portion 11 and hold the cushioning main body portion 11 therebetween. A hole portion 13 is provided extending from the surface of at least one of the pair of rigid plates 12 , 12 to the inside of the buffer body portion 11 .
In this embodiment, the buffer main body 11 is made of an elastic material formed in a thick plate-like shape, and when a pressing force acts on the buffer main body 11 in the axial direction, it is compressed and deformed while applying a reaction force. do. Examples of elastic materials include elastomeric materials, more specifically, rubber (natural rubber or synthetic rubber), thermoplastic elastomers, and the like. Natural rubber or high-damping rubber is suitable as the material for the buffer main body 11 .

The “axial direction of the buffer main body 11” (hereinafter also simply referred to as “axial direction”) is a direction parallel to the central axis O of the buffer main body 11 (see FIGS. 2 and 3). Here, the "center axis O of the buffer main body 11" means the mounting surface of the buffer main body 11 (the side of the mounting surface of the buffer body 10 that is attached to the retaining wall 21a of the substructure 21 described later. In the example, it is a straight line that is perpendicular to the surface of the buffer main body 11 facing the retaining wall 21a and that passes through the center of gravity of the outer edge shape of the mounting side surface of the buffer main body 11 of the buffer 10 .

Rigid plates 12 are integrated with both end surfaces (facing surfaces) of the buffer main body 11 that are in the direction of deformation during compression deformation. is sandwiched (see FIG. 3).
In this embodiment, the rigid plate 12 is formed in a thin plate shape having a substantially rectangular planar shape. A hole 13 is formed in the . The rigid plate 12 has a shape and size that can cover the contact surface of the buffer main body 11 with which the rigid plate 12 is integrated with the rigid plate 12. The rigid plate 12 has a substantially rectangular shape. The plate 12 can also substantially cover the entire contact surface of the buffer main body portion 11 . The cushioning main body 11 is formed in an octagonal columnar shape in which the shape of both planes is substantially octagonal.

The planar shape of the rigid plate 12 is not limited to a substantially rectangular shape. may be in the shape of
At the four corners of each rigid plate 12, through-holes 12a are formed through the cushioning main body 11 in the axial direction. The rigid plate 12 having the hole 13 has two through-holes 12 b extending through the rigid plate 12 outside the hole 13 . A through hole communicating with the through hole 12b is also formed in the buffer main body 11. As shown in FIG.

In this embodiment, the rigid plate 12 is made of a metal member such as a steel plate, but it may be made of a resin member or the like having rigidity equivalent to that of the metal member.

In this embodiment, the rigid plate 12 is joined to each of the end surfaces of the buffer main body 11 by, for example, vulcanization adhesion, and is integrated with each end surface of the buffer main body 11 .
The contact surfaces of the rigid plate 12 contacting the end surfaces of the shock absorbing main body 11 on both sides in the deformation direction (opposing surfaces) of the shock absorbing main body 11 are fixed and joined to each other. Each end surface of the body portion 11 and the rigid plate 12 are integrated.

Since each end surface of the buffer main body 11 and the rigid plate 12 are integrated, both sides of the buffer main body 11 in the compression direction (the axial direction of the buffer main body 11) when the buffer main body 11 is compressed and deformed. , can be put into a deformation constraint state that suppresses deformation. Therefore, it is possible to increase the compressive rigidity of the buffer main body portion 11, and the buffer main body portion 11 can ensure sufficient compressive rigidity to suppress deformation during compressive deformation.
Therefore, the shock absorber 10 of the present embodiment can mitigate impact while ensuring sufficient compression rigidity for suppressing deformation during compression deformation.
If the compression rigidity of the buffer main body 11 is not high (low), the buffer main body 11 is likely to be crushed and easily crushed, and the original function of the buffer main body 11 cannot be achieved or the function is produced. Therefore, there is a possibility that the shape becomes excessively large. Here, the original function of the shock absorber body is to decelerate and reduce the assumed horizontal force by deforming the shock absorber body, so as not to damage both the mounting part and the structure side, and to reduce the assumed horizontal force. The shock absorber main body deforms, absorbs the energy, suppresses the increase and amplification of the seismic force, and does not damage both the mounting part and the structure side.
The bonding between the rigid plate 12 and the buffer main body 11 is not limited to vulcanization adhesion. As long as the rigid plate 12 is joined and integrated, other joining methods such as using an adhesive may be used.

In addition, one of the pair of rigid plates 12, 12, in this embodiment, the rigid plate 12 on the exposed surface side, which is not the surface that abuts on the retaining wall 21a of the substructure 21 described later, on which the cushioning body 10 is provided. A lining rubber made of, for example, a rubber member may be attached to the portion. Specifically, in the cushioning body 10 of the present embodiment, the surface of each rigid plate 12 opposite to the surface joined to the cushioning main body 11 is exposed to the outside. ) may be covered with lining rubber as a covering rubber for surface protection.
When the lining rubber as such a covering rubber is provided, the lining rubber embeds the rigid plate 12 in the buffer main body portion 11 so that the rigid plate 12 is covered with the buffer main body portion 11. 11.

In the present embodiment, the hole portion 13 is opened in the plane (surface) of the rigid plate 12, passes through the rigid plate 12, enters the buffer body portion 11, and then stays inside the buffer body portion 11, It is opened through only one rigid plate 12 (see FIGS. 2 and 3). That is, the hole portion 13 extends from the surface of at least one of the pair of rigid plates 12 , 12 to the inside of the buffer body portion 11 .
In the present embodiment, the cross-sectional shape of the hole portion 13 is formed in a circular shape (see FIG. 2), but it is not limited to a circular shape, and may be an elliptical shape, a polygonal shape, or the like. In addition, the cross-sectional length of the hole portion 13 can be set to any length, and depending on the cross-sectional length of the hole portion 13, the compression rigidity, stroke, linear/nonlinear (P-δ curve) of the buffer body portion 11 can be adjusted. can be adjusted.

In this embodiment, since the hole portion 13 is provided substantially in the center of the plane (surface) of the rigid plate 12, (I) the hole portion can be used as a heat source during vulcanization production, which shortens the production time. (II) The rubber part vulcanized by (I) or (II) described above, which leads to shortening of the manufacturing time by making the part that can be a bottleneck in the vulcanization production time hollow. vulcanization variation is reduced and the performance is stabilized.
The number of holes 13 in this embodiment is not limited to one, and a plurality of holes may be provided. That is, in the present embodiment, one hole portion 13 is provided substantially in the center of the plane (surface) of the rigid plate 12 (see FIGS. 2 and 3), but two or more holes are provided instead of one. Alternatively, it may be provided at a position other than the substantially central position.
The compression stiffness of the buffer main body 11 can be adjusted according to the number of holes 13, making it easier to adjust the compression stiffness of the buffer 10, adjust the P-δ curve, and further adjust the repulsive force.
Moreover, another member may be accommodated in the hole portion 13 . With this configuration, the buffer 10 having nonlinearity can be realized. Another member accommodated in the hole 13 is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include an elastic body, a rigid body, etc., and can be designed according to the desired nonlinear performance of the buffer 10 .

The hole 13 of this embodiment may penetrate from one of the pair of rigid plates 12, 12 to the other.
As shown in FIG. 4, in a cushioning body 10a (another example 1 of a cushioning body) in which a hole 13 penetrates, the hole 13 is opened on the surface of one of the rigid plates 12, and the rigid plate 12 is opened. After penetrating and entering the interior of the buffer main body 11, it does not stay inside the buffer main body 11, but penetrates the buffer main body 11 in the compression direction (the axial direction of the buffer main body 11) to reach the other rigid plate 12. is open to That is, the hole portion 13 penetrates the buffer main body portion 11 as well as the pair of rigid plates 12, 12, and opens the plane (surface) of each rigid plate 12 on both sides of the opposing surface of the buffer body 10a.
In this embodiment, the bulging filling of the resilient material forming the cushioning body 11 into the through hole 13 approximates the original "solid state" P-δ curve. The P-δ (load-displacement) curve related to the deformation behavior of the elastic material can be arbitrarily designed by changing the size of the cross-sectional area of the holes 13 and the number of the holes 13 .

In this embodiment, the buffer body 10a has the holes 13 penetrating through it, so that the rigidity of the buffer main body part 11 can be reduced and the repulsive force can be weakened. can protect the building 23 that collides with the buffer 10a when it is provided on the retaining wall 21a.
In addition, since the hole portion 13 is penetrated, (I) the hole portion can be used as a heat source during vulcanization production, leading to shortening of the production time, and (II) bottlenecking the vulcanization production time. (III) The vulcanization variation of the rubber portion vulcanized by the above (I) or (II) is reduced, and the performance is stabilized. can be obtained.
Further, since the hole portion 13 penetrates, the buffer 10 can be used as an attachment hole when attaching it to a retaining wall 21a, which will be described later. In this case, the buffer 10 can be made compact. can. Furthermore, it can be used as a hanging hole using a chain, a rope, or the like, and a simple mounting structure can be made in which the cushioning material 10 is attached to both ends of a chain, a rope, or the like and hung. Furthermore, the through-holes 13 allow the cushioning bodies 10 to be connected to each other and used in combination, so that a large stroke input can be accommodated. Connection is possible as long as the structure allows connection without a through hole (for example, an overhanging flange and a hole in that portion).

In addition, since the hole portion 13 penetrates, when an internal rigid plate 14 (see FIG. 5) is provided as described later, movement of the internal rigid plate 14 accompanying the flow of the elastic material during vulcanization causes It is possible to prevent the internal rigid plate 14 from being exposed. Furthermore, when there is only one hole 13, the internal rigid plate 14 can be prevented from rotating during vulcanization by making the cross-sectional shape rectangular or the like.
In addition, since the hole portion 13 is penetrated, (I) the hole portion can be used as a heat source during vulcanization production, leading to shortening of the production time, and (II) bottlenecking the vulcanization production time. (III) The vulcanization variation of the rubber portion vulcanized by the above (I) or (II) is reduced, and the performance is stabilized. can be obtained.

The cross-sectional area of the hole portion 13 of the present embodiment may vary in the penetration direction.
In the cushioning body 10a through which the hole 13 penetrates, the hole 13 penetrating through the cushioning main body 11 is such that the cross-sectional area of the hole 13 varies from the opening of one rigid plate 12 to the opening of the other rigid plate 12, for example. , and the reduction and expansion may be provided singly or in combination at any point in the penetration direction.
By changing the cross-sectional area of the hole portion 13 in the penetrating direction, the compressive rigidity of the buffer main body portion 11 can be changed according to the changed cross-sectional area. Therefore, when the cushioning body 10a is provided on the retaining wall 21a of the substructure 21, which will be described later, the desired rebound characteristics and the like can be easily obtained in the cushioning body 10a.

The cushioning body 10 of the present embodiment may include an internal rigid plate 14 that is embedded in the cushioning body portion 11 so as to intersect the deformation direction of the cushioning body portion 11 .
As shown in FIG. 5 , the buffer 10 b (another example 2 of the buffer) has an internal rigid plate 14 embedded in the buffer main body 11 . The internal rigid plate 14 is arranged to intersect the deformation direction of the buffer main body 11, that is, arranged substantially parallel to the pair of rigid plates 12, 12, and positioned substantially at the center of the length of the buffer main body 11 in the deformation direction. , and the hole 13 passes through it.

Similar to the rigid plate 12, the internal rigid plate 14 is made of a metal member such as a steel plate and has a planar shape of, for example, a substantially square shape. formed in the shape of Other configurations and the like are the same as those of the rigid plate 12 .
The internal rigid plate 14 bisects the buffer main body 11 at substantially the center of the deformation direction length of the buffer main body 11 (see FIG. 5).

In this embodiment, the front and back surfaces of the internal rigid plate 14 embedded in the buffer main body portion 11 are fixed to the buffer main body portion 11 so that the front and back surfaces that contact the buffer main body portion 11 are joined to each other. It is integrated with the buffer body portion 11 .
Since the internal rigid plate 14 and the buffer main body 11 are integrated, deformation of both sides of the contact surface of the buffer main body 11 with the internal rigid plate 14 is suppressed when the buffer main body 11 is compressed and deformed. It can be in a deformation constraint state that Therefore, it is possible to further increase the compressive rigidity of the buffer main body portion 11, and it is possible to ensure sufficient compressive rigidity to suppress deformation during compressive deformation.

In particular, the buffer main body 11, which is divided into two parts by providing the internal rigid plate 14, is sandwiched between the rigid plate 12 and the internal rigid plate 14, and is put into a deformation restraint state that suppresses deformation. can be done.
Therefore, the shock absorber 10b can absorb the impact while ensuring sufficient compressive rigidity to suppress deformation during compressive deformation.
The position of the internal rigid plate 14 is not limited to the approximate center of the length of the buffer body 11 in the direction of deformation.

In the buffer body 10b, in which the buffer body portion 11 is bisected substantially at the center of the deformation direction length of the buffer body portion 11, the buffer body portion 11 having the internal rigid plate 14 is separated by the internal rigid plate 14, for example. Alternatively, one may be made of high damping rubber and the other may be made of natural rubber.
High damping rubber has a large impact absorption capacity, and natural rubber has a high restoring force. The other of the cushioning main body portions 11 that are formed can be provided with a high restoring force.

In this way, by forming the halved shock-absorbing main body 11 from two types of members with different properties, the high-damping rubber and the natural rubber, a single shock-absorbing body 10b can increase the impact-relieving force of the high-damping rubber. and the repulsive force can be enhanced by the natural rubber. That is, in the cushioning body 10, a layer mainly composed of high-damping rubber for energy absorption and a layer mainly composed of natural rubber for restoring force are used together, and by changing the ratio of the two layers, any P- A δ (load-displacement) curve can be designed.
In addition, when the buffer main body 11 is formed of high damping rubber and natural rubber, for example, one buffer main body 11 formed of high damping rubber faces the side wall 23a of the building 23 described later and is formed of natural rubber. The other cushioning main body 11 is arranged facing a retaining wall 21a of a substructure 21, which will be described later.

In addition, if the position of the internal rigid plate 14 is set to any position along the length of the buffer main body 11 in the direction of deformation, for example, the thickness in the direction of deformation of two types of members having different properties, high damping rubber and natural rubber, can be changed. It is possible to obtain the internal rigid plate 14 having characteristics according to the deformation direction thickness of each member.

In addition, in the configuration having the internal rigid plate 14 embedded in the buffer main body 11, a plurality of holes 13 may be provided.
As shown in FIG. 6, the cushioning body 10c (another example 3 of the cushioning body) includes, for example, a cushioning body portion 11 having two holes 13 penetrating therethrough, and an inner portion having two holes 13 penetrating therethrough. A rigid plate 14 is embedded. In this cushioning body 10c, one rigid plate 12 has a hole portion 13 penetrating therethrough without being smaller than the cross-sectional area of the cushioning main body portion 11. It penetrates as a small hole 15 smaller than the cross-sectional area.

The rigid plate 12 with the small holes 15 open serves as a surface that abuts on the retaining wall 21a of the substructure 21, which will be described later. It becomes possible to attach and fix to 21a.
Further, in the cushioning body 10c, for example, a shear key 16 can be provided on the rigid plate 12 having the small hole 15 (see FIG. 6). By providing the shear key 16, even if there is an input that causes deformation of the buffer 10c in a direction other than the surface direction, the joint (for example, a joint bolt passing through the small hole 15) is not burdened. , can prevent damage to the joints. The shear key 16 can be provided not only on the cushioning body 10c but also on the cushioning bodies 10, 10a, and 10b. A joint bolt or the like passing through the through hole 12a is not burdened, and damage to the joint portion can be prevented.
Other configurations of the buffer 10c provided with the two holes 13 are the same as those of the buffer 10b shown in FIG.

In the present embodiment, the above-described damping bodies 10b and 10c have a pair of rigid plates 12 and 12 and an internal rigid plate 14, which are integrated with the damping main body 11 by, for example, vulcanization adhesion. High compressive rigidity of the buffer main body 11 can be achieved. Therefore, it is possible to contribute to the compactness of the buffers 10b and 10c.
In addition, each of the pair of rigid plates 12 and 12 and the inner rigid plate 14 of the buffer bodies 10b and 10c are integrated with the buffer main body portion 11, so that both end surfaces of the elastic material forming the buffer main body portion 11 (That is, the joint surfaces with the rigid plates 12 and 14) are fixed, and the reproducibility of the restoring force characteristics during compressive deformation and shear deformation is enhanced. Therefore, it is possible to stabilize the performance of the buffers 10b and 10c.

Next, the base isolation building of this embodiment will be described.
As shown in FIG. 1a, the base-isolated building 20 of this embodiment is a base-isolated building in which a building 23 is installed via a base isolation device 22 on a foundation structure 21 provided with a retaining wall 21a. The damping body 10 described above has a pair of steel plates 12, 12 on at least one of the retaining wall 21a of the foundation structure 21 and the side wall 23a of the building 23 facing the retaining wall 21a with a gap therebetween. They are installed facing each other. Although in FIG. 1a the damping body 10 is installed only on the retaining wall 21a, the damping body 10 may be installed on the side wall 23a instead of or in addition to the retaining wall 21a.
Moreover, as shown in FIG. 1a, the buffer 10 may be installed in at least one of the lower part of the building and the substructure 21 with a pair of rigid plates facing each other in a substantially horizontal direction. A seismically isolated building 20 shown in FIG. Also, the seismically isolated building 20 shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 1a, the shock absorber 10 attached to the lower part of the building 23 and the shock absorber 10 attached to the substructure 21 are arranged to face each other with the axial direction of the shock absorber main body 11 aligned substantially horizontally. can be arranged as follows. Alternatively, the buffer 10 may be attached only to the lower part of the building 23 so that the buffer 10 contacts the foundation structure 21 when the building 23 vibrates. Furthermore, the buffer 10 may be attached only to the foundation structure 21 so that the buffer 10 contacts the building 23 when the building 23 vibrates. Also, the shock absorbers 10 may be attached to both sides of the bracket 17 instead of only to one side.

In this embodiment, the foundation structure (hereinafter abbreviated as foundation) 21 is, for example, a structure having a substantially horizontal flat surface for supporting a building 23, which is an architectural structure. (see Figure 1a). The foundation 21 is constructed, for example, by pouring concrete into reinforcing bars. A seismic isolation device 22 is installed on this foundation 21, and a building 23 is arranged on the seismic isolation device 22 (see FIG. 1a).
In this embodiment, the seismic isolation device 22 is configured to allow the building 23 to move substantially horizontally with respect to the foundation 21 (horizontal direction as viewed in the drawing of FIG. 1a), thereby It is possible to parry the shaking that occurs when it occurs, and suppress the transmission of the shaking to the building 23. - 特許庁

In this embodiment, the seismic isolation building 20 has, as the seismic isolation device 22, seismic isolation rubber (also referred to as “laminated rubber”) comprising a laminate in which rubber sheets and steel plates are alternately stacked, for example. . Seismic isolation rubber not only has the function of parrying shaking, but also the function of absorbing the energy of shaking (mainly horizontal shaking). However, the seismic isolation building 20 may have any type of seismic isolation device such as a bearing or a damper for supporting the building 23 in addition to or instead of the seismic isolation rubber as the seismic isolation device 22 .

In the base-isolated building 20 of the present embodiment configured in this way, when an earthquake of an assumed scale occurs, the action of the base-isolation device 22 prevents the building 23 from colliding with the retaining wall 21a. As it sways horizontally with respect to 21, the energy of the swaying is gradually absorbed, and the swaying subsides.
However, when an unexpected large-scale earthquake occurs, the energy absorption function of the seismic isolation device 22 alone cannot cope, and the building 23 moves excessively horizontally with respect to the foundation 21 and collides with the retaining wall 21a. There is concern that

Therefore, as a countermeasure against shaking that cannot be dealt with by the seismic isolation device 22 alone, the buffer 10 of this embodiment is used. ) to mitigate the impact received when it collides with the
That is, according to the seismic isolation building 20 of the present embodiment, the shock absorbers 10 (10a, 10b, 10c) capable of mitigating impact while ensuring sufficient compressive rigidity to suppress deformation during compression deformation are It is installed on the retaining wall 21a (see FIG. 1a).
The buffer 10 of this embodiment is provided on the surface of the retaining wall 21a facing the side wall 13a of the building 23 (see FIG. 1a). It collides with the retaining wall 21a via.

In this embodiment, the shock absorber 10 has one rigid plate 12 facing the side wall 23a, and the other rigid plate 12 is attached and fixed to the retaining wall 21a by, for example, adhesion. The buffer 10 is arranged to face the building 23 in the axial direction so that the impact from the building 23 is input in the axial direction. In this example, the axial direction of the buffer 10 is substantially horizontal.

As shown in FIG. 7, due to the occurrence of an unexpectedly large-scale earthquake, the energy absorption function of the seismic isolation device 22 alone cannot cope, and the building 23 moves excessively horizontally with respect to the foundation 21, and the building 23 collides with the retaining wall 21a through the buffer 10, the buffer body 11 of the buffer 10 is compressed in the axial direction of the buffer body 11 (see FIG. 2). At this time, the cushioning main body 11 made of an elastic material is compressed while generating a reaction force, thereby softly receiving the building 23 and mitigating the impact received by the building 23 . That is, the shock absorbing body 10 against which the building 23 collides secures sufficient compressive rigidity to suppress deformation during compressive deformation and enhances the shock absorbing power. can be effectively mitigated.
After that, when the building 23 moves away from the cushioning body 10, the cushioning main body 11 gradually restores in the axial direction due to its own elasticity, and completely or almost completely returns to its original shape.

In the present embodiment, the buffer 10 is provided on the retaining wall 21a (see FIG. 1a), but the present invention is not limited to this. Specifically, it may be attached to a portion of the outer surface of the side wall 23a of the building 23 facing the retaining wall 21a. Alternatively, as described above, both the side wall 23a and the retaining wall 21a of the building 23 may be provided with separate buffers 10, respectively. Even in these cases, when a large earthquake or the like occurs, the building 23 collides with the retaining wall 21a not directly but through the buffer 10. In addition, it is possible to increase the impact mitigation force while securing sufficient compression rigidity to suppress deformation during compression deformation for each of multiple impact inputs, and to mitigate the impact received by the building 23. can be done.

In addition, the seismic isolation building 20 may be configured to include a plurality of shock absorbers 10 having different heights (lengths in the axial direction). Non-linearity may be realized by adopting such a configuration.

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 1b, the buffer 10 may be installed on at least one of the floor surface and the ceiling surface inside the building with one of the pair of rigid plates 12 facing substantially horizontally. . In other words, the shock absorber 10 is applicable not only to the base-isolated building 20 described above (see FIG. 1a), but also to a building 23 fixed to a foundation as shown in FIG. 1b. When applied to such a building 23, the buffer 10 is installed at least either inside the building or on the ceiling surface, as shown in FIG. 1b. The shock absorbers 10 shown in FIG. 1b are attached to brackets 17 projecting from the floor surface and the ceiling surface inside the building, and are arranged substantially horizontally facing each other.

10, 10a, 10b, 10c: shock absorber 11: shock absorber body 12: rigid plate 12a, 12b: through hole 13: hole 14: internal rigid plate 15: small hole 16: shear key 17: Bracket 20: Base-isolated building 21: Foundation structure 21a: Retaining wall 22: Base-isolation device 23: Building 23a: Side wall O: Center axis

Claims (9)

A cushioning body comprising a cushioning main body,
a pair of rigid plates that are integrated with opposite end surfaces of the buffer main body, respectively, and hold the buffer main body so as to be compressively deformable in the opposing direction of the both end surfaces ;
It is arranged between the pair of rigid plates and embedded in the buffer body portion, and the buffer body portion is separated between the pair of rigid plates, and each of the separated buffer body portions is placed between the rigid plates. and an internal rigid plate sandwiched so as to be compressively deformable in the opposing direction ,
a hole is provided that penetrates from the surface of one of the pair of rigid plates through the internal rigid plate to the surface of the other of the pair of rigid plates ,
A shock absorber, wherein the cross-sectional area of the shock-absorbing main body is larger than the cross-sectional area of the hole in any cross section perpendicular to the facing direction between the end faces of the shock-absorbing main body. 2. The buffer according to claim 1 , wherein said hole has said cross-sectional area varying in said opposing direction . 3. The shock absorber according to claim 1, wherein one of said shock absorbing main bodies separated by said internal rigid plate is made of high damping rubber and the other is made of natural rubber. A plurality of the holes are provided ,
4. The cross-sectional area of the buffer main body is larger than the total cross-sectional area of the plurality of holes in any cross section perpendicular to the facing direction between the end faces of the buffer main body. The buffer according to any one of . 5. The buffer according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , wherein another member is accommodated in said hole. A base-isolated building in which the building is installed via a base-isolation device on a foundation structure provided with a retaining wall,
6. The buffer according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is provided on at least one of the retaining wall of the foundation structure and the side wall of the building facing the retaining wall with a space therebetween. A base-isolated building characterized by having boards facing each other. The base-isolated building according to claim 6 , wherein there are a plurality of said buffers, and said buffers have different heights. 6. The shock absorber according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is provided on at least one of the lower part of the building and the foundation structure in a state in which the pair of rigid plates are opposed to each other in a substantially horizontal direction, and the pair of rigid plates The rigid plate is installed in the substantially horizontal direction on the other side of the lower part of the building and the substructure, or on the other side, facing the other buffer according to any one of claims 1 to 5. A building characterized by being installed in a building. The shock absorber according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is provided in a state in which the pair of rigid plates are opposed to at least one of the floor surface and the ceiling surface inside the building in a substantially horizontal direction, and 6. The pair of rigid plates are installed in a state facing another damping body according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which is installed on the other of the floor surface and the ceiling surface in a substantially horizontal direction. A building characterized by:

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