JP7179131B2 - 空間光変調器 - Google Patents
空間光変調器 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7179131B2 JP7179131B2 JP2021127717A JP2021127717A JP7179131B2 JP 7179131 B2 JP7179131 B2 JP 7179131B2 JP 2021127717 A JP2021127717 A JP 2021127717A JP 2021127717 A JP2021127717 A JP 2021127717A JP 7179131 B2 JP7179131 B2 JP 7179131B2
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- hologram
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
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- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
- Holo Graphy (AREA)
- Optical Modulation, Optical Deflection, Nonlinear Optics, Optical Demodulation, Optical Logic Elements (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal Display Device Control (AREA)
- Control Of Indicators Other Than Cathode Ray Tubes (AREA)
Description
図1は、計算機合成ホログラムが単一の空間光変調器でエンコードされる実施形態を示す。計算機合成ホログラムは、再構成のための物体のフーリエ変換である。したがって、ホログラムは、物体のフーリエ領域又は周波数領域又はスペクトル領域表示であると言える。この実施形態では、空間光変調器が反射型液晶オンシリコン(Liquid crystal on silicon)「LCOS」デバイスである。ホログラムは空間光変調器でエンコードされ、また、ホログラフィック再構成が、再生場で、例えばスクリーン又はディフューザなどの受光面で形成される。
幾つかの実施形態において、計算機合成ホログラムは、フーリエ変換ホログラム、又は、単にフーリエホログラム又はフーリエベースのホログラムであり、この場合、正レンズのフーリエ変換特性を利用することによって遠隔場で画像が再構成される。フーリエホログラムは、再生平面内の所望の光照射野を元のレンズ平面にフーリエ変換することによって計算される。計算機合成フーリエホログラムは、フーリエ変換を使用して計算されてもよい。
Rn+1[x,y]=F’{exp(iΨn[u,v])}
Ψn[u,v]=∠F{η・exp(i∠Rn[x,y]}
η=T[x,y]-α(|Rn[x,y]|-T[x,y])ここで、
F’は、逆フーリエ変換;
Fは、順フーリエ変換;
R[x、y]は、第3の処理ブロック256によって出力される複素データセットであり、
T[x、y]は、入力又は目標画像であり、
∠は位相成分であり、
Ψは位相限定ホログラム280Bであり、
ηは、大きさ値の新たな分布211Bであり、及び
αは利得係数である。
空間光変調器を使用して、計算機合成ホログラムを含む回折パターンを表示してもよい。ホログラムが位相限定ホログラムである場合には、位相を変調する空間光変調器が必要とされる。ホログラムが完全複素ホログラムである場合には、位相及び振幅を変調する空間光変調器が使用されてもよく、又は、位相を変調する第1の空間光変調器及び振幅を変調する第2の空間光変調器が使用されてもよい。
単なる例として、図4Aは、4行及び4列を含む規則的な[4×4]配列を成して配置される16個のホログラムピクセルを含むホログラムを表わす。各ピクセルに関してこれ以降使用される2桁の番号付け方式は、行番号とそれに続く列番号とを含む。1桁目は行番号を表わし、2桁目は列番号を表わす。例えば、「23」は、2行3列のホログラムピクセル値を表わす。読者は、実際には、各ホログラムが任意の数のピクセル、例えば1024行及び512列のピクセルを含み得ることを理解し得る。
ここで、δはピクセル周期(図4Bの参照符号430参照)であり、λはホログラフィック再構成を形成するために使用される光の波長である。
以下の表1は、赤色(630nm)、緑色(532nm)、及び、青色(450nm)のホログラフィック再構成のサイズが、それぞれの対応するホログラムピクセルを表示するために使用されるサブピクセルの数にどのように依存するかを示す。
発明者は、本明細書中で、図11に示されるように、空間光変調器の各光変調ピクセル1100が液晶セル1110及びただ1ビットのメモリ1120を備える前述した概念の高速デジタル実装を開示する。各ピクセルの1ビットメモリは、表示デバイスのシリコンバックプレーンに埋め込まれてもよい。
例は可視光でSLMを照らすことを説明するが、当業者であれば分かるように、例えば本明細書中に開示されるように、光源及びSLMを等しく使用して赤外線又は紫外線を方向付けることができる。例えば、当業者は、情報をユーザに提供する目的で赤外光及び紫外光を可視光に変換するための技術を認識し得る。例えば、本開示は、この目的のために蛍光体及び/又は量子ドット技術を使用することに及ぶ。
Claims (15)
- 液晶オンシリコン空間光変調器であって、
それぞれが液晶を備える光変調ピクセルの配列であって、各光変調ピクセルがそれぞれのフリップフロップと関連付けられたものと、
画像のホログラムを受けるように構成されたコントローラであって、前記ホログラムはそれぞれがnビットホログラムピクセル値を備える複数のホログラムピクセルを備え、前記nは整数であり、ピクセルグループを隣接するn個の光変調ピクセルの集合としたときに、前記ホログラムと前記光変調ピクセルとの間に1対nピクセル相関が存在するように、前記ホログラムのそれぞれのホログラムピクセル値にしたがって、前記ピクセルグループに含まれる各光変調ピクセルを駆動するように構成されたものと、を備え、
前記ピクセルグループにおける前記n個の光変調ピクセルの前記フリップフロップは、シフトレジスタを形成するように直列に接続され、それにより、前記シフトレジスタの動作中、前記ピクセルグループにおける前記n個の光変調ピクセルと関連付けられる前記nビットホログラムピクセル値が、少なくともn個のクロックサイクルにわたって前記ピクセルグループにおける各光変調ピクセルに対して一度に1ビットずつ与えられ、
前記nビットホログラムピクセル値、前記1対nピクセル相関、前記n個の光変調ピクセル、及び前記n個のクロックサイクルにおけるnは同じである、
液晶オンシリコン空間光変調器。 - 前記ピクセルグループにおける各光変調ピクセルがそれぞれの1ビットメモリと更に関連付けられ、前記コントローラは、前記シフトレジスタの動作前に前記それぞれのnビットホログラムピクセル値の異なるビットを前記ピクセルグループにおける各光変調ピクセルに与えるように構成されている
請求項1に記載の液晶オンシリコン空間光変調器。 - 前記シフトレジスタは、前記ピクセルグループにおける各光変調ピクセルの前記液晶が前記それぞれのnビットホログラムピクセル値に対応するRMS電圧に応答するように動作される
請求項1に記載の液晶オンシリコン空間光変調器。 - nが波長に依存し、前記コントローラは、前記ホログラムと関連付けられる波長に基づいてnを選択するように構成されている
請求項1に記載の液晶オンシリコン空間光変調器。 - nが波長に伴って増大する
請求項4に記載の液晶オンシリコン空間光変調器。 - 各フリップフロップが第1の出力「Q」及び第2の出力「Qバー」を備え、前記第1の出力が前記第2の出力と反対であり、前記コントローラは、フレーム反転を達成するために少なくともn個のクロックサイクルにわたって前記フリップフロップの前記第1の出力を使用して、前記ピクセルグループにおける各光変調ピクセルを駆動させた後、少なくともn個のクロックサイクルにわたって前記フリップフロップの前記第2の出力を使用して、前記ピクセルグループにおける各光変調ピクセルを駆動するように構成されている
請求項1に記載の液晶オンシリコン空間光変調器。 - 前記ピクセルグループにおける前記n個の光変調ピクセルは、実質的に正方形の配列又は実質的に長方形の光変調ピクセルによる配列を形成する
請求項1に記載の液晶オンシリコン空間光変調器。 - 前記シフトレジスタの前記クロックは、25KHzよりも大きい周波数で動作される
請求項1に記載の液晶オンシリコン空間光変調器。 - 少なくとも10,000×10,000個の光変調ピクセルを備え、各ピクセルのサイズが2×2μm未満である
請求項1に記載の液晶オンシリコン空間光変調器。 - 請求項1に記載の液晶オンシリコン空間光変調器と光源とを備えるホログラフィックプロジェクタであって、
前記光源は、前記画像のホログラフィック再構成が再生平面上に投影されるように前記空間光変調器を照らすように構成されている
ホログラフィックプロジェクタ。 - 第1の波長の光を含む第1のホログラフィック再構成と、第2の波長の光を含む第2のホログラフィック再構成とが再生平面上に形成され、前記第1のホログラフィック再構成と関連付けられるnの値は、前記第2のホログラフィック再構成と関連付けられるnの値とは異なる
請求項10に記載のホログラフィックプロジェクタ。 - 前記第1の波長が前記第2の波長よりも大きく、前記第1のホログラフィック再構成と関連付けられるnの値が前記第2のホログラフィック再構成と関連付けられるnの値よりも大きい
請求項11に記載のホログラフィックプロジェクタ。 - 前記第1のホログラフィック再構成は、n=n1の値を使用して動作する請求項1に記載の第1の液晶オンシリコン空間光変調器を使用して形成され、前記第2のホログラフィック再構成は、n=n2の値を使用して動作する請求項1に記載の第2の液晶オンシリコン空間光変調器を使用して形成され、n1がn2に等しくない
請求項10に記載のホログラフィックプロジェクタ。 - 前記第1のホログラフィック再構成及び前記第2のホログラフィック再構成は、請求項1に記載の同じ液晶オンシリコン空間光変調器を使用して形成され、前記コントローラは、前記第1のホログラフィック再構成がn=n1の値を使用して形成されるとともに前記第2のホログラフィック再構成がn=n2の値を使用して形成されるように前記光変調ピクセルを再構成するように構成されており、n1がn2に等しくない
請求項10に記載のホログラフィックプロジェクタ。 - 液晶を備える液晶オンシリコン空間光変調器を動作させる方法であって、
各光変調ピクセルがそれぞれのフリップフロップと関連付けられており、
前記方法は、
画像のホログラムを受けるステップであって、前記ホログラムは、それぞれがnビットホログラムピクセル値を備える複数のホログラムピクセルを備え、前記nは整数である、ステップと、
ピクセルグループを隣接するn個の光変調ピクセルの集合としたときに、前記ホログラムと前記光変調ピクセルとの間に1対nピクセル相関が存在するように、前記ホログラムのそれぞれのホログラムピクセル値にしたがって、前記ピクセルグループに含まれる各光変調ピクセルを駆動するステップと、を含み、
前記ピクセルグループにおける前記n個の光変調ピクセルの前記フリップフロップは、シフトレジスタを形成するように直列に接続され、
前記方法は、前記ピクセルグループにおける前記n個の光変調ピクセルと関連付けられる前記nビットホログラムピクセル値が少なくともn個のクロックサイクルにわたって前記ピクセルグループにおける各光変調ピクセルに対して一度に1ビットずつ与えられるように前記シフトレジスタを動作させるステップ、を更に含み、
前記nビットホログラムピクセル値、前記1対nピクセル相関、前記n個の光変調ピクセル、及び前記n個のクロックサイクルにおけるnは同じである、
方法。
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