JP7177292B2 - Shield machine and emergency sealing method for shield machine - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a shield machine having a folding mechanism and an emergency sealing method for the shield machine.

As a shield tunneling machine for constructing a tunnel, as shown in Patent Document 1, there is a break-in type that can construct a curved tunnel by changing the tunneling direction.
In this system, the main body of the shield machine is divided into a front body and a rear body, and the front body and the rear body are connected by a folding mechanism so that they can be bent.

The center folding mechanism is provided in a gap between the wrap portion formed by wrapping the rear end portion of the front barrel and the front end portion of the rear barrel with the front end portion of the rear barrel inside, and the gap between the wrap portions to seal the gap. a regular seal; and a plurality of connecting jacks arranged at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction of the front and rear barrels, each connecting the front and rear barrels so as to be extendable in the axial direction.
Here, by expanding and contracting a plurality of connecting jacks, more specifically, among the plurality of connecting jacks, the connecting jack on the bending side is contracted and the connecting jack on the opposite side is extended, thereby realizing center folding between the front and rear barrels. is configured to

JP-A-11-6390

However, the seal portion of the shield tunneling machine with a folding mechanism for curved tunnels may deteriorate or break during excavation. If the sealing portion deteriorates or breaks, underground water flows into the machine (inside the shield tunneling machine), which can lead to a serious accident. Therefore, there is a demand for a device that can immediately shut off the inflow of groundwater when an abnormality occurs in the seal portion.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a safer sealing structure (and method) for a shield machine having a folding mechanism.

A first aspect and a second aspect of the shield machine according to the present invention include a front body having a cutter head on the front end side, a rear body connected to the rear end of the front body, the front body and the rear body. and a center folding mechanism for bendingly connecting the center folding mechanism, wherein the center folding mechanism includes a wrap portion formed by wrapping the rear end portion of the front barrel and the front end portion of the rear barrel, and a gap between the wrap portions. and a regular seal for sealing the gap, and a regular seal disposed at a predetermined interval in the circumferential direction of the front and rear barrels, each of which is capable of extending and contracting the front and rear barrels in the axial direction. and a plurality of connecting jacks that are connected to each other, and are configured to achieve center-folding of the front barrel and the rear barrel by expansion and contraction of the plurality of connecting jacks.
In the first aspect of the shield machine according to the present invention, all of the plurality of connecting jacks are retracted to a predetermined position, thereby closing the gap on the inside of the machine (inside the shield machine) with respect to the regular seal, When all of the plurality of connecting jacks have not been retracted to a predetermined position, the gap is not closed on the inner side of the machine from the common seal.
In the second aspect of the shield machine according to the present invention, when the normal seal malfunctions, all of the plurality of connecting jacks are contracted to seal the gap inside the machine from the normal seal. be done.

The present invention also includes, in a shield machine having a center-folding mechanism, sealing the gap inside the machine from the regular seal by contracting all of the plurality of connecting jacks when the regular seal malfunctions. , to provide an emergency sealing method for a shield machine.

According to the present invention, even if the regular seals are deteriorated or damaged, the operation of retracting all the connecting jacks can maintain or restore the water stopping function of the folded portion (watertightness of the folded portion).
In addition, by retracting all the connecting jacks, it is possible to recover the function of stopping the water from breaking. In some cases, the load is removed by removing the hydraulic pressure, etc.), and the earth and water pressure applied to the front trunk shrinks the jack and restores the water stopping function.

Sectional view of a shield machine during construction of a tunnel, showing an embodiment of the present invention Layout diagram of the connecting jack corresponding to the AA arrow view of FIG. Detailed view of part B in FIG. Explanatory diagram of emergency water stoppage operation when regular seal is damaged Explanatory drawing of a filler injection device shown as another embodiment of the present invention

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a shield machine during construction of a shield tunnel, showing an embodiment of the present invention.

In the shield machine 1 of the present embodiment, a cylindrical main body is divided into a front body 2 and a rear body 3 in order to be able to excavate a curved tunnel, and the front body 2 and the rear body 3 are divided into a center folding mechanism. 4.

The front barrel 2 has a cutter head 5 on its front end side (face side) and a bulkhead 6 behind the cutter head 5 .

The cutter head 5 has a disc shape with a slightly larger diameter than the outer peripheral surface (outer peripheral surface of the skin plate) of the front barrel 2 (and the rear barrel 3), and has a large number of cutter bits 5a on the front surface. The cutter head 5 is connected to a swivel ring 8 via a support arm 7 . The swivel ring 8 is rotatably supported by the partition wall 6 while passing through the partition wall 6 . Behind the partition wall 6, a ring gear 9 integrally attached to the orbiting ring 8 is meshed with pinion gears 11 attached to the output shafts of a plurality of motors 10 arranged in the circumferential direction. Therefore, the cutter head 5 is driven by the motor 10 to turn and excavate the ground.

Reference numeral 101 in the drawing denotes a tunnel wall surface (ground wall surface) excavated by the cutter head 5 . The outer diameter of the front barrel 2 (and the rear barrel 3) is smaller than the outer diameter of the cutter head 5. Therefore, there is a gap 102 between the tunnel wall surface (ground wall surface) 101 excavated by the cutter head 5 and the outer peripheral surface of the front body 2 (and the rear body 3).

The partition wall 6 is also provided with a rotary joint 12 for connecting equipment on the side of the cutter head 5 and equipment on the rear side of the partition wall 6 by hydraulic pressure and electric wires.

A chamber 13 is defined between the cutter head 5 and the partition wall 6 . Excavation of the ground by the cutter head 5 causes excavated earth and sand to accumulate in the chamber 13 and generate earth pressure. The earth discharging mechanism 14 discharges the excavated earth and sand in the chamber 13 to the rear of the partition wall 6, and at the same time controls the earth pressure in the chamber 13 to prevent the face from collapsing.

The rear barrel 3 has an erector 15 for lining the segment SG in its interior.
The erector 15 has a gripping portion 15a that grips the segment SG via a gripping hardware KM attached thereto. Set in place. In this way, a plurality of segments SG are assembled in the circumferential direction to form a segment ring, which is connected with the already formed segment ring to construct a cylindrical lining.

The rear fuselage 3 also has a hydraulic propulsion jack 16 as a propulsion mechanism for advancing the main body of the shield machine 1 while excavating.
A plurality of propelling jacks 16 are arranged on the inner peripheral surface of the rear trunk 3 at substantially equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and generate thrust by pushing the end faces of the lined segments SG.
When one ring is excavated by extension of the propulsion jack 16, the jack is returned to cover one ring. Therefore, excavation and lining are repeated for each ring.

The rear barrel 3 also has a tail seal 17 on the inner peripheral surface of the rear end portion.
Since the segment SG is assembled within the rear barrel 3, the outer diameter of the lined segment SG is smaller than the inner diameter of the rear barrel 3. Therefore, a gap is formed between the inner peripheral surface of the rear end portion of the rear barrel 3 and the lined segment SG. Therefore, a tail seal 17 is provided to prevent groundwater, earth and sand from entering the inside of the machine (inside the shield machine 1) through this gap.
The tail seal 17 is attached to the inner peripheral surface of the rear end portion of the rear barrel 3 in front and rear two stages over the entire circumference, and is in sliding contact with the outer peripheral portion of the lined segment SG to close the gap.

Specifically, a metal brush (wire brush) or a urethane seal obtained by spraying urethane foam on a wire brush is used as the tail seal 17 . Grease is filled between the first stage tail seal and the second stage tail seal. For this reason, a grease supply pipe (not shown) from a grease supply pump is provided in the wall of the skin plate, and its discharge port is open between the tail seals.

A gap 103 larger than the gap 102 is formed between the tunnel wall surface (ground wall surface) 101 excavated by the cutter head 5 and the lined segment SG. This gap 103 is filled with a back-filling injection material at an appropriate timing.

Next, referring to FIGS. 1 to 3, the center folding mechanism 4 that connects the front body 2 and the rear body 3 in a bendable manner will be described. 2 is a view taken along the line AA in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a detailed view of the portion B in FIG.

The center folding mechanism 4 includes a wrap portion 40 formed by wrapping the rear end portion of the front barrel 2 and the front end portion of the rear barrel 3, and a regular seal provided in the gap between the wrap portion 40 between the front barrel 2 and the rear barrel 3. 42 ( FIG. 3 ), and a hydraulic connection jack 43 that connects the front and rear barrels 2 and 3 in front of and behind the wrap portion 40 .

The wrap portion 40 is wrapped with the rear end of the front barrel 2 on the outside and the front end of the rear barrel 3 on the inside. The reason why the rear end of the front barrel 2 is on the outside and the front end of the rear barrel 3 is on the inside is to prevent earth and sand from entering the gap of the lap portion 40 during excavation.
In addition, in order to enable smooth bending while maintaining the wrapped state, the outer peripheral surface of the front end portion of the inner rear barrel 3 has a spherical surface 41 centered on the point O on the central axis of the front barrel 2 and the rear barrel 3. It is as The outer peripheral surface of the rear end portion of the outer front barrel 2 may be a substantially straight cylindrical surface, or may be a concave spherical surface corresponding to the spherical surface (convex spherical surface) 41 .

The regular seal 42 is attached to the inner peripheral surface of the rear end portion of the front barrel 2 on the outside in two steps along the entire circumference, and is in sliding contact with the spherical surface 41 on the side of the rear barrel 3 on the outside to watertightly seal the gap of the wrap portion 40. do.
Therefore, the clearance of the wrap portion 40 is separated into the inside of the machine (inside the shield machine) and the outside of the machine (outside the shield machine) with the common seal 42 as a boundary. When the rear end of the front barrel 2 is lapped on the outside and the front end of the rear barrel 3 is on the inside, the front of the common seal 42 is the inside of the machine, and the rear is the outside of the machine.

Specifically, the regular seal 42 is made of rubber or urethane and has a ring-shaped mountain-shaped cross section or a convex cross section. Also preferably, a lip seal (see FIG. 3) is used. A lip seal is composed of a base portion and a lip portion, and water pressure applied to a recess between the base portion and the lip portion can improve water stoppage.

Grease is filled between the first stage seal and the second stage seal. For this reason, a grease supply pipe (not shown) from a grease supply pump is provided in the wall portion of the rear end portion of the front barrel 2, and its discharge port is open between the seals.

A plurality of connecting jacks 43 are arranged at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction of the front barrel 2 and the rear barrel 3, and connect the front barrel 2 and the rear barrel 3 so as to be extendable in the axial direction. Theoretically, four or more are required, and the number is actually determined from the required thrust. In FIG. 2, there are eight.

When the shield machine 1 moves straight, all the connecting jacks 43 are controlled to the neutral position (intermediate position between the most extended position and the most shortened position).
When the shield machine 1 makes a turn, the connecting jacks on the bending side are retracted from the neutral position and the connecting jacks on the opposite side are extended from the neutral position, that is, the extension and contraction of the plurality of connecting jacks causes the front body 2 and the rear body 3 to move. Realizes a center fold.

For example, when turning to the left in the traveling direction (back side of the paper surface) in FIG. 2, the connecting jack 43c on the left side in FIG. 2 is contracted and the connecting jack 43g on the right side is extended. At this time, the upper and lower connecting jacks 43a and 43e are maintained at the neutral position. The upper left and lower left connecting jacks 43b and 43d are contracted by an amount less than the shortening amount of the left connecting jack 43c, and conversely, the upper right and lower right connecting jacks 43h and 43f are less than the extension amount of the right connecting jack 43g. Quantity, extend.

Such control is performed by a hydraulic control device (not shown) of the connecting jacks 43 according to the excavation direction instructed by a predetermined excavation program or according to the excavation direction directly instructed by the operator. 43a to 43h) are automatically performed by calculating the amount of expansion and contraction.

The folding mechanism 4 of the present embodiment further includes an emergency seal 44 in order to cope with deterioration and breakage of the regular seal 42 .

As shown in FIG. 3, the emergency seal 44 is mounted on the inner peripheral surface of the rear end portion of the forward barrel 2 in front of the regular seal 42, i.e., inboard of the regular seal 42, along the entire circumference.

The emergency seal 44 does not come into contact with the inner peripheral surface of the front end of the rear trunk 3 within the range where the front trunk 2 and the rear trunk 3 are bent when the shield machine 1 normally travels straight or turns.
On the other hand, when all of the connecting jacks 43 are retracted, the emergency seals 44 (that is, the front barrel 2 and the rear barrel 3 become straight and the front barrel 2 retreats and the rear barrel 3 4, it abuts against the inner peripheral surface of the front end portion of the mating rear barrel 3 to close the gap of the wrap portion 40. As shown in FIG.

As the emergency seal 44, specifically, a ring-shaped seal member made of rubber or urethane and having a circular cross section or a chevron cross section is used.

Next, the case where the regular seal 42 is deteriorated or damaged will be described.
If the regular seal 42 is damaged, there is a risk that groundwater will flow into the machine through the gaps of the wrap portion 40 from outside the front and rear bodies 2 and 3 (outside the machine).

In this case, all the connecting jacks 43 are retracted by the hydraulic control device as an emergency response by the operator or as a result of detecting the inflow of water or the like by an appropriate sensor.
However, the hydraulic control device is software-prohibited (interlocked) from retracting all the connecting jacks 43 so that the regular seal 42 does not shift from the sealing position. Therefore, it is necessary to program so that the interlock can be released in case of emergency.

By retracting all the connecting jacks 43, the front barrel 2 and the rear barrel 3 are straightened, and the front barrel 2 retreats to lengthen the wrap length with the rear barrel 3. - 特許庁As a result, as shown in FIG. 4, the emergency seal 44 on the front barrel 2 side comes into contact with the front end portion of the rear barrel 3 to seal the gap of the wrap portion 40 . As a result, the emergency seal 44 can function and the water stop function (watertightness of the folded part) can be recovered.

In addition, if the regular seal 42 is damaged, water may flow into the machine and power may be lost. Loss of power makes it difficult to control the connecting jack 43 by the hydraulic control device.

However, even if the power supply is lost, it is relatively easy to remove the hydraulic pressure from the connecting jack 43 by disconnecting the hydraulic hose of the connecting jack 43 or the like. In addition, while the earth and water pressure acting from the front end face side of the front barrel 2 acts to push it backward, the rear barrel 3 is held by the segment SG under construction via the propeller jack 16 . . Therefore, by releasing the hydraulic pressure of the connecting jack 43, the front barrel 2 is retracted by the earth and water pressure, the connecting jack 43 can be contracted, and the emergency seal 44 can be operated. Therefore, even in such a case, the water stopping function can be recovered.

According to this embodiment, by providing the emergency seal 44 that functions when all of the plurality of connecting jacks 43 are contracted, it is possible to take emergency measures to stop water when the normal seal 42 malfunctions.
In addition, since the connecting jack 43 for connecting the front barrel 2 and the rear barrel 3 in a bendable manner is used, there is no need to newly install a jack for emergency water stoppage, and an increase in cost can be suppressed.

Further, according to the present embodiment, the emergency seal 44 is arranged inside the machine from the regular seal 42 in the gap of the wrap portion 40, so that the environment is clean while the regular seal 42 is functioning. It is possible to suppress deterioration, etc., and prepare for emergencies.

The emergency seal 44 may be provided at the front end of the rear barrel 3 instead of the rear end of the front barrel 2. It is sufficient that the gap between the wrap portion 40 can be sealed by coming into contact therewith.

Another embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to FIG.
The embodiment of FIG. 5 is provided with a filler injection device in addition to the embodiment of FIG.

The center folding mechanism 4 of the present embodiment further includes a filler injection device 45 capable of injecting a water-hardening filler into the gap of the wrap portion 40 from inside the machine.

The filling material injection device 45 is an injection passage passing through the inside and outside of the rear barrel 3 inside the wrap portion 40 (the barrel arranged inside the wrap portion) and opening to the outside of the machine behind the regular seal 42 . 45a and a valve 45b capable of opening and closing the injection passage 45a.

In this embodiment, when the regular seal 42 is damaged, all the connecting jacks 43 are contracted to activate the emergency seal 44, and then the normally closed valve 45b of the filler injection device 45 is opened inside the machine. , the water-hardening filler is supplied from the inside of the machine to the outside of the machine through the injection passage 45a. The filler supplied to the outside of the machine is injected into the gap of the wrap part 40, especially the broken common seal 42, along with the water flow that tries to enter the gap of the wrap part 40 due to the water pressure outside the machine. . As a result, the portion of the common seal 42 that has been damaged can be closed with the filler. Therefore, in combination with the emergency seal 44, it becomes a more reliable emergency water stoppage measure, and safety can be improved.

It should be noted that the illustrated embodiment is merely an example of the present invention, and the present invention includes various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the claims in addition to what is directly shown by the described embodiment. It goes without saying that changes are included.

For example, in the illustrated embodiment, the wrap portion 40 wraps the rear end of the front barrel 2 on the outside and the front end of the rear barrel 3 on the inside. It is also possible to wrap with the inside and the front end of the rear trunk 3 on the outside. In the case of a reverse wrap, the rear of the regular seal is the inside of the machine, and the front is the outside of the machine. Therefore, the emergency seals are arranged behind the regular seals on the inside of the machine. In addition, the injection passage of the filler injection device passes through the inside and outside of the front barrel inside the wrap portion (the barrel arranged inside the wrap portion) and opens to the outside of the machine in front of the regular seal. Become.

1 Shield Machine 2 Front Body 3 Rear Body 4 Folding Mechanism 5 Cutter Head 5a Cutter Bit 6 Bulkhead
7 support arm 8 swivel ring 9 ring gear 10 motor 11 pinion gear 12 rotary joint 13 chamber 14 earth removal mechanism 15 erector 16 propulsion jack 17 tail seal 40 lap portion 41 spherical surface 42 regular seal (lip seal)
43 (43a to 43h) Connection jack 44 Emergency seal 45 Filling material injection device 45a Injection passage 45b Valve 101 Tunnel wall surface (ground wall surface)
102, 103 Gap

Claims (4)

a front barrel having a cutter head on the front end side;
a rear barrel connected to the rear end of the front barrel;
a center folding mechanism that foldably connects the front body and the rear body;
A shield machine comprising:
The center folding mechanism is
a wrap portion formed by wrapping the rear end portion of the front barrel and the front end portion of the rear barrel;
a regular seal provided in the gap of the wrap portion to seal the gap;
a plurality of connecting jacks arranged at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction of the front and rear barrels, each connecting the front and rear barrels so as to be expandable and contractable in the axial direction;
including
It is configured to realize center folding between the front body and the rear body by expansion and contraction of the plurality of connecting jacks,
When all of the plurality of connecting jacks are contracted to a predetermined position, the gap is closed inside the machine from the common seal, and all of the plurality of connecting jacks are not contracted to the predetermined position. A shield excavator in which the clearance is not closed on the inner side of the normal seal. a front barrel having a cutter head on the front end side;
a rear barrel connected to the rear end of the front barrel;
a center folding mechanism that foldably connects the front body and the rear body;
A shield machine comprising:
The center folding mechanism is
a wrap portion formed by wrapping the rear end portion of the front barrel and the front end portion of the rear barrel;
a regular seal provided in the gap of the wrap portion to seal the gap;
a plurality of connecting jacks arranged at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction of the front and rear barrels, each connecting the front and rear barrels so as to be expandable and contractable in the axial direction;
including
It is configured to realize center folding between the front body and the rear body by expansion and contraction of the plurality of connecting jacks,
A shield excavator configured to seal the gap inside the machine with respect to the regular seal by contracting all of the plurality of connecting jacks when the regular seal malfunctions. a front barrel having a cutter head on the front end side;
a rear barrel connected to the rear end of the front barrel;
a center folding mechanism that foldably connects the front body and the rear body;
with
The center folding mechanism includes a wrap portion formed by wrapping a rear end portion of the front barrel and a front end portion of the rear barrel, a common seal provided in a gap between the wrap portions to seal the gap, and the a plurality of connecting jacks arranged at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction of the front and rear barrels, each connecting the front and rear barrels so as to be extendable and contractible in the axial direction; It is configured to realize center folding between the front body and the rear body by expansion and contraction of the jack,
In a shield machine,
sealing the gap inside the machine from the regular seal by contracting all of the plurality of connecting jacks when the regular seal malfunctions;
An emergency sealing method for a shield machine. 4. The emergency sealing method for a shield excavator according to claim 3, wherein by contracting all of said plurality of connecting jacks, said front body and said rear body are straightened and the wrap length of said wrap portion is lengthened.

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