JP7168787B2 - Generator motor for internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Description

Cross-reference to related applications

This application is based on Patent Application No. 2019-137285 filed in Japan on July 25, 2019, and the content of the underlying application is incorporated by reference in its entirety.

The disclosure herein relates to a generator motor for an internal combustion engine.

Patent Literature 1 discloses a rotating electric machine for an internal combustion engine. The contents of the prior art documents are incorporated by reference as descriptions of technical elements in this specification.

Japanese Patent No. 6286617

The rotary electric machine for an internal combustion engine of Patent Document 1 has both a sensor for motor control and a sensor for ignition control. From the above point of view or from another point of view not mentioned, there is a demand for further improvements in generator-motors for internal combustion engines.

One disclosed object is to provide a generator-motor for an internal combustion engine in which a single sensor signal is used for both motor control and ignition control.

A generator-motor for an internal combustion engine of the first invention disclosed herein comprises a rotor having a plurality of field magnetic poles with alternating polarities and a reference magnetic pole indicating a reference position, magnetic poles facing the field magnetic poles, and a single sensor for detecting field magnetic poles and reference magnetic poles to generate a sensor signal, and further based on the sensor signal (SG) for detecting a reference position, and and an electric motor control unit (62, 63, 64, 65) that rotates the rotor as an electric motor by controlling the energization of the stator coil based on the sensor signal. Equipped with an electric circuit (11), the electric motor control unit includes a start switch (62) for generating a start command for the internal combustion engine, and a maximum cranking torque (FWTQ, RVTQ) of the internal combustion engine when receiving the start command from the start switch. A standby position control unit (66) that rotates the rotor so as not to exceed the value, and a rotation direction information acquisition unit ( 67), and a synchronous commutation control unit (68) that commutates the polyphase power supplied to the stator coils by closed-loop control according to the sensor signal, based on the energization pattern specified by the rotation direction information acquisition unit. Prepare.
The generator-motor for an internal combustion engine of the second invention disclosed herein comprises a rotor (21) having a plurality of field magnetic poles (26) with alternating polarities and a reference magnetic pole (27) indicating a reference position; A stator (31) having a magnetic pole (35) facing a magnetic pole and a multiphase stator coil (33), and a field magnetic pole and a reference magnetic pole are detected and used for both motor control and ignition control. The rotor comprises a permanent magnet (23) comprising a plurality of field poles and a reference pole, the reference pole comprising a single field pole. The magnetic poles are formed within the range of the magnetic poles, and the reference magnetic poles are arranged to be biased forward or rearward in the circumferential direction . and an electric motor control unit (62, 63, 64, 65) that rotates the rotor as an electric motor by controlling the energization of the stator coil based on the sensor signal. (11), the electric motor control unit includes a start switch (62) for generating a start command for the internal combustion engine, and upon receiving the start command from the start switch, the cranking torque (FWTQ, RVTQ) of the internal combustion engine is set to the maximum value. A standby position control unit (66) that rotates the rotor so that it does not exceed the rotation direction information acquisition unit (67) that acquires an energization pattern for rotating the rotor in the forward direction while the rotor is rotating by the standby position control unit (67). and a synchronous commutation control unit (68) that commutates the multiphase power supplied to the stator coils by closed loop control according to the sensor signal based on the energization pattern specified by the rotation direction information acquisition unit. there is

The disclosed generator-motor for an internal combustion engine provides an ignition control function for an internal combustion engine based on a reference position and a motor control function as an electric motor by sensor signals from a single sensor. By realizing both functions with a single sensor, a signal system with a simple structure is constructed.

The multiple aspects disclosed in this specification employ different technical means to achieve their respective objectives. Reference numerals in parentheses described in the claims and this section are intended to exemplify the correspondence with portions of the embodiments described later, and are not intended to limit the technical scope. Objects, features, and advantages disclosed in this specification will become clearer with reference to the following detailed description and accompanying drawings.

1 is a cross-sectional view of a rotating electric machine for an internal combustion engine according to a first embodiment; FIG. It is a perspective view of a stator. It is a sectional view of a rotation sensor. 4 is a waveform diagram showing signal waveforms of a rotation sensor; FIG. FIG. 4 is a waveform diagram showing behavior at start-up; 1 is a block diagram of an electrical circuit; FIG. It is a wave form diagram which shows an energization waveform. 4 is a flowchart showing control as an electric motor; 4 is a flowchart showing control as an electric motor; FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a rotation sensor according to a second embodiment; FIG. 11 is a partial cutaway view of a rotation sensor according to a third embodiment; It is a perspective view of a stator according to a fourth embodiment. It is a perspective view of a stator according to a fifth embodiment. It is a perspective view of a stator according to a sixth embodiment. FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of a rotating electric machine for an internal combustion engine according to a seventh embodiment; 1 is a plan view of a rotating electric machine for an internal combustion engine; FIG. FIG. 12 is a waveform diagram showing signal waveforms according to the eighth embodiment; FIG. 20 is a waveform diagram showing signal waveforms according to the ninth embodiment; FIG. 20 is a waveform diagram showing signal waveforms according to the tenth embodiment; FIG. 12 is a waveform diagram showing signal waveforms according to the eleventh embodiment; FIG. 22 is a waveform diagram showing signal waveforms according to the twelfth embodiment;

A number of embodiments are described with reference to the drawings. In several embodiments, functionally and/or structurally corresponding and/or related parts may be labeled with the same reference numerals or reference numerals differing by one hundred or more places. For corresponding and/or associated parts, reference can be made to the description of other embodiments.

In FIG. 1 , the rotating electrical machine for internal combustion engine is called a rotating electrical machine 10 . The rotating electric machine 10 provides a generator motor for an internal combustion engine. The rotating electric machine 10 is also called a generator motor or an AC generator starter. The rotating electric machine 10 can function as a generator and an electric motor, and is selectively caused to function as either of them. An example of the application of the rotating electrical machine 10 is a generator motor for the internal combustion engine 12 . The internal combustion engine 12 is used, for example, as a power source for vehicles. A vehicle is a vehicle, watercraft, or aircraft, a typical example being a saddle-riding vehicle. Vehicles include amusement machines or simulation machines. Furthermore, the internal combustion engine 12 can also be used as a power source for stationary equipment such as generators, air conditioners, or water pumps. The internal combustion engine 12 is a four cycle engine.

The rotating electric machine 10 is electrically connected to an electric circuit 11 including an inverter circuit (INV) and a control device (ECU). The rotating electric machine 10 and the electric circuit 11 are connected by a signal line 15 for transmitting a sensor signal, which will be described later. The rotating electric machine 10 and the electric circuit 11 are connected by a power line 16 for transmitting output power as a generator or input power as a motor. The electrical circuit 11 provides a multi-phase power conversion circuit.

The electric circuit 11 provides a rectification circuit that rectifies AC power that is output and supplies power to an electric load including a battery when the rotating electric machine 10 functions as a generator. The electric circuit 11 provides a signal processing circuit that receives a reference position signal for ignition control supplied from the rotary electric machine 10 . The electrical circuit 11 may provide an ignition controller that performs ignition control. The electric circuit 11 provides a drive circuit that causes the rotating electric machine 10 to function as an electric motor. Electric circuit 11 receives a rotational position signal from rotating electrical machine 10 for causing rotating electrical machine 10 to function as an electric motor. The electric circuit 11 causes the rotating electric machine 10 to function as an electric motor by controlling energization to the rotating electric machine 10 according to the detected rotational position.

The rotating electrical machine 10 is assembled with an internal combustion engine 12 . The internal combustion engine 12 has a body 13 and a rotary shaft 14 that is rotatably supported by the body 13 and rotates in conjunction with the internal combustion engine 12 . The rotating electrical machine 10 is assembled with a body 13 and a rotating shaft 14 . The body 13 is a structural body such as a crankcase or transmission case of the internal combustion engine 12 . The rotating shaft 14 is the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine 12 or a rotating shaft that interlocks with the crankshaft. The rotating shaft 14 rotates when the internal combustion engine 12 is operated.

The rotating shaft 14 rotates the rotating electrical machine 10 so that the rotating electrical machine 10 functions as a generator. The rotary shaft 14 is a rotary shaft capable of starting the internal combustion engine 12 by the rotation of the rotary electric machine 10 when the rotary electric machine 10 functions as an electric motor. Further, the rotary shaft 14 is a rotary shaft that can assist the rotation of the internal combustion engine 12 by the rotation of the rotary electric machine 10 when the rotary electric machine 10 functions as an electric motor.

The rotating electric machine 10 has a rotor 21 , a stator 31 and a sensor unit 37 . The rotor 21 is a field element. The stator 31 is an armature. In the following description, the term "axial direction AD" means the direction of the central axis when the stator 31 is regarded as a cylindrical body. The term radial direction RD means a diameter direction when the stator 31 is regarded as a cylindrical body.

The rotor 21 is cup-shaped as a whole. The rotor 21 is positioned with its open end facing the body 13 . The rotor 21 is fixed to the end of the rotating shaft 14 . The rotor 21 and the rotary shaft 14 are connected via a rotational positioning mechanism such as key fitting. The rotor 21 is fixed by being tightened to the rotating shaft 14 with a fixing bolt 25 . The rotor 21 is directly connected to the internal combustion engine 12 . The rotor 21 rotates together with the rotating shaft 14 . The rotor 21 provides a magnetic field, ie a rotating magnetic field, by means of permanent magnets.

The rotor 21 has a cup-shaped rotor core 22 . The rotor core 22 is connected to the rotating shaft 14 of the internal combustion engine 12 . The rotor core 22 has an inner cylinder fixed to the rotating shaft 14, an outer cylinder positioned radially outside the inner cylinder, and an annular bottom plate extending between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder. The rotor core 22 provides a yoke for permanent magnets, which will be described later. The rotor core 22 is made of magnetic metal.

The rotor 21 has permanent magnets 23 arranged on the inner surface of the rotor core 22 . A permanent magnet 23 is fixed inside the outer cylinder. The permanent magnet 23 is fixed with respect to the axial direction AD and the radial direction RD by a retaining cup 24 arranged radially inward. The holding cup 24 is made of thin non-magnetic metal. A retaining cup 24 is fixed to the rotor core 22 .

Permanent magnet 23 has a plurality of segments. Each segment is part cylindrical. The permanent magnet 23 provides a plurality of north poles and a plurality of south poles inside thereof. Permanent magnets 23 provide at least the magnetic field. The permanent magnet 23 provides 6 pairs of north and south poles, ie 12 poles, by means of 12 segments. Other numbers of magnetic poles are possible. The field is also called field magnetic poles for power generation or electric motors. Permanent magnet 23 provides a reference pole that indicates a reference position for ignition control. A reference pole provides a reference position signal for ignition control. A reference pole is provided by a partial pole different from the pole arrangement for the field. The reference magnetic pole is also called a special magnetic pole or an irregularly magnetized portion.

Stator 31 and body 13 are connected via fixing bolts 34 . The stator 31 is fixed by being tightened to the body 13 with a plurality of fixing bolts 34 . Stator 31 is arranged between rotor 21 and body 13 . The stator 31 has an outer peripheral surface facing the inner surface of the rotor 21 with a gap therebetween. Stator 31 is fixed to body 13 .

The stator 31 has a stator core 32 . The stator core 32 is arranged inside the rotor 21 by being fixed to the body 13 of the internal combustion engine 12 . Stator core 32 has a plurality of teeth. One tooth provides one magnetic pole. The stator core 32 provides an outer salient pole core.

Stator 31 has a stator coil 33 wound around stator core 32 . A stator coil 33 provides the armature winding. An electrically insulating resin insulator 36 is arranged between the stator core 32 and the stator coil 33 . Insulator 36 provides a bobbin for stator coil 33 . The stator coil 33 is a multiphase winding. The stator coil 33 is a three-phase winding. Stator coil 33 can selectively cause rotor 21 and stator 31 to function as a generator or an electric motor.

A sensor unit 37 provides a rotational position detection device for an internal combustion engine. The sensor unit 37 is provided in the rotary electric machine 10 interlocked with the internal combustion engine 12 . The sensor unit 37 is provided on the stator core 32 of the rotating electric machine 10 . A sensor unit 37 is fixed to the stator 31 . Sensor unit 37 is fixed to end surface SD<b>1 of stator core 32 . Sensor unit 37 is arranged between stator core 32 and body 13 . The sensor unit 37 outputs an electrical signal indicating the rotational position of the rotor 21 by detecting the magnetic flux supplied by the permanent magnets 23 provided on the rotor 21 . The sensor unit 37 detects a reference position for ignition control according to the reference magnetic pole position provided by the permanent magnet 23 . The rotational position of the rotor 21 is also the rotational position of the rotating shaft 14 . Therefore, by detecting the rotational position of the rotor 21, a reference position signal for ignition control can be obtained. The sensor unit 37 detects the rotational position for control as a motor by alternation of field magnetic poles provided by the permanent magnets 23 .

The sensor unit 37 has a single sensor 38 . A single sensor 38 is arranged between two adjacent magnetic poles 35 . The single sensor 38 detects the rotational position of the rotor 21 by detecting changes in the magnetic flux of the permanent magnets 23 . Single sensor 38 responds to both the field pole provided by permanent magnet 23 and the reference pole. A single sensor 38 provides both a sensor for motor control and a sensor for ignition control. The single sensor 38 is a Hall effect element.

The sensor unit 37 comprises a cover 41 for housing the single sensor 38 . A cover 41 provides a sheath that protects the single sensor 38 . The cover 41 protrudes from the main body of the sensor unit 37 in a finger-like or rod-like shape.

The electrical circuit 11 in this specification comprises a controller. A control device may also be called an electronic control unit (ECU: Electronic Control Unit). A control device, or control system, is provided by (a) an algorithm as a plurality of logics called if-then-else form, or (b) a trained model tuned by machine learning, such as an algorithm as a neural network. .

The controller is provided by a control system including at least one computer. A control system may include multiple computers linked by data communication devices. A computer includes at least one processor that is hardware (hardware processor). A hardware processor may be provided by (i), (ii), or (iii) below.

(i) the hardware processor may be at least one processor core executing a program stored in at least one memory; In this case, the computer is provided by at least one memory and at least one processor core. The processor core is called CPU: Central Processing Unit, GPU: Graphics Processing Unit, RISC-CPU, or the like. Memory is also called a storage medium. A memory is a non-transitory and tangible storage medium that non-temporarily stores "programs and/or data" readable by a processor. A storage medium is provided by a semiconductor memory, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, or the like. The program may be distributed alone or as a storage medium storing the program.

(ii) a hardware processor may be a hardware logic circuit; In this case, the computer is provided by digital circuits containing a large number of programmed logic units (gate circuits). A digital circuit is also called a logic circuit array, for example, ASIC: Application-Specific Integrated Circuit, FPGA: Field Programmable Gate Array, SoC: System on a Chip, PGA: Programmable Gate Array, CPLD: Complex Programmatic, and the like. A digital circuit may include a memory that stores programs and/or data. Computers may be provided by analog circuits. Computers may be provided by a combination of digital and analog circuits.

(iii) The hardware processor may be a combination of (i) above and (ii) above. (i) and (ii) are located on different chips or on a common chip. In these cases, part (ii) is also called an accelerator.

Controllers, signal sources, and controlled objects provide a variety of elements. At least some of those elements may be referred to as blocks, modules, or sections. Moreover, the elements included in the control system are called functional means only if they are intentional.

The controller and techniques described in this disclosure may be implemented by a dedicated computer provided by configuring a processor and memory programmed to perform one or more functions embodied by the computer program. may be Alternatively, the controls and techniques described in this disclosure may be implemented by a dedicated computer provided by configuring the processor with one or more dedicated hardware logic circuits. Alternatively, the control units and techniques described in this disclosure are implemented by a processor and memory programmed to perform one or more functions and a processor configured by one or more hardware logic circuits. It may also be implemented by one or more dedicated computers configured in combination. The computer program may also be stored as computer-executable instructions on a computer-readable non-transitional tangible recording medium.

In FIG. 2, the power line 16 is shown in a see-through state by a dashed line to facilitate understanding. The sensor unit 37 is arranged to radially extend along the plurality of magnetic poles 35 of the stator 31 . The sensor unit 37 has a rubber or elastomer bush 37a. The signal line 15 is drawn into the sensor unit 37 through the bushing 37a. The signal line 15 is connected to the single sensor 38 via electrical circuit components within the sensor unit 37 .

The rotating electric machine 10 has a bracket 51 as a holding member for holding the signal line 15 and the power line 16 . Bracket 51 is fixed to stator 31 . The bracket 51 is provided by a bent metal plate. The bracket 51 may be made of resin. The bracket 51 can be provided by, for example, a resin molded product. The bracket 51 may hold only the signal line 15 or only the power line 16 .

In FIG. 3, the sensor unit 37 includes a substrate 42 as an electrical circuit component, electrical elements mounted on the substrate 42, electric wires, and the like. The single sensor 38 is a through hole mount device (TMD) having leads 43 . Single sensor 38 is connected to substrate 42 via lead wire 43 . The substrate 42 is connected to the signal line 15 . The substrate 42 is provided by a printed circuit board or a flexible substrate.

In FIG. 4, the rotor 21 has permanent magnets 23 . The permanent magnet 23 comprises a plurality of magnets 23a, 23b, 23c. The permanent magnets 23 include three types of magnets having different magnetization states on the surfaces (radial inner surfaces) facing the stator 31 . The permanent magnet 23 comprises a plurality of magnets 23a providing field poles 26 as south poles. Magnet 23a is also called a first magnet. The permanent magnet 23 comprises a plurality of magnets 23b providing field poles 26 as north poles. The magnet 23b is also called a second magnet. Furthermore, the permanent magnet 23 comprises a magnet 23c. Magnet 23c is also called a third magnet. Magnet 23c provides both field pole 26 as the south pole and reference pole 27 . A reference magnetic pole 27 is formed within the range of one field magnetic pole 26 . The reference magnetic pole 27 appears like an island on the radially inner surface of the magnet 23c. The entire perimeter of reference pole 27 is surrounded by field pole 26 . Therefore, the reference magnetic pole 27 is formed and exposed within one field magnetic pole 26 . The reference magnetic pole 27 is located at the central portion of the radial inner surface of the magnet 23c at least in the circumferential direction. In other words, the polarity of one field pole appears on both sides of the reference pole 27 with respect to the circumferential direction. The reference magnetic pole 27 is also axially positioned at the central portion of the radially inner surface of the magnet 23c. The field magnetic poles 26 and the reference magnetic poles 27 are formed on the radially inner surface facing the stator 31 .

The magnets 23 a , 23 b , and 23 c are arranged so that the polarities of the field magnetic poles 26 alternate along the circumferential direction of the rotor 21 . If magnets 23a and 23b provide field poles 26 with opposite polarities, magnet 23c provides field poles 26 as north poles and reference poles 27. FIG. A plurality of field magnetic poles 26 and a reference magnetic pole 27 are arranged along a track 29 .

A single sensor 38 is arranged on the stator 31 . A single sensor 38 detects both the field pole 26 and the reference pole 27 to generate a sensor signal. A single sensor 38 is arranged on the track 29 . The rotor 21 rotates along the rotational direction RT. Stator 31 is stationary. As a result, a plurality of field magnetic poles 26 and one reference magnetic pole 27 pass over the single sensor 38 in sequence. The single sensor 38 outputs sensor signals SG corresponding to a plurality of field magnetic poles 26 and one reference magnetic pole 27 .

The sensor signal SG is a shaped pulse wave. The sensor signal SG alternates between high H and low L alternately. Sensor signal SG alternates in response to multiple field poles 26 . The sensor signal SG defines a basic pulse period T26 corresponding to a plurality of field magnetic poles 26. FIG. The basic pulse period T26 corresponds to 30 (° CA). Moreover, the sensor signal SG alternates in response to the reference pole 27 . The sensor signal SG includes short pulse waveforms with short pulse periods T1, T2, and T3 corresponding to the reference magnetic pole 27 and the field magnetic poles 26 before and after it. The short pulse periods T1, T2, T3 are set to T1=T2=T3. The sensor signal SG includes a plurality of short pulse periods T1, T2, T3 of equal duration due to the reference pole 27. FIG. The short pulse periods T1, T2, T3 are shorter than the basic pulse period T26. Therefore, the sensor signal SG includes a plurality of pulses with different periods due to the reference magnetic pole 27 (T1=T2=T3<T26).

The electric circuit 11 detects the arrival of the reference magnetic pole 27 by comparing the basic pulse period T26 with the short pulse periods T1, T2 and T3. The ratio between the basic pulse period T26 and the short pulse periods T1, T2, and T3 is set so that the reference magnetic pole 27 can be detected even during periods when the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine 12 fluctuates. The ratio is set, for example, so that the reference magnetic pole 27 can be detected even during the cranking period for starting the internal combustion engine 12 and the starting period during which the internal combustion engine 12 starts rotating due to its own combustion. there is

FIG. 5 shows the behavior of the rotating electrical machine 10 and the internal combustion engine 12 in a system in which the rotating electrical machine 10 and the internal combustion engine 12 are directly connected via a crankshaft. The horizontal axis is the crank angle (° CA). The vertical axis represents the torque CLTQ (N·m) required for cranking the internal combustion engine 12 . A dashed line indicates the rotational position (rotational angle) of the rotor 21 . REF-P and REF-I indicate reference positions defined by the rising edge or falling edge of the reference magnetic pole 27 . The reference positions REF-P and REF-I are set near 60 (°CA) and near 420 (°CA). STBY indicates the stop position target range. The stop position target range is also called a standby range.

The internal combustion engine 12 completes a series of strokes in two revolutions (720 (° CA)). The piston repeats a downward stroke DN and an upward stroke UP. The combustion stroke POW, the exhaust stroke EXT, the intake stroke INT, and the compression stroke COM are defined by the opening/closing timings of the intake and exhaust valves of the internal combustion engine 12 . They are slightly advanced with respect to the downward stroke DN and the upward stroke UP.

When the internal combustion engine 12 is rotated forward, the torque CLTQ fluctuates like the forward torque FWTQ indicated by the solid line. The cranking torque CLTQ, in the forward direction torque FWTQ, reaches a maximum value in the process toward compression top dead center. The forward rotation of the rotating electrical machine 10 may be blocked by a local maximum value in the forward torque FWTQ, causing the rotating electrical machine 10 to stop.

When the internal combustion engine 12 is rotated in reverse, the torque CLTQ fluctuates like the reverse torque RVTQ indicated by the dashed line. The cranking torque CLTQ, in the reverse direction torque RVTQ, reaches a maximum value in the process of moving toward compression top dead center due to reverse rotation. Reverse rotation of the rotating electrical machine 10 may be blocked by a local maximum in the reverse torque RVTQ, causing the rotating electrical machine 10 to stop. This is because when the internal combustion engine 12 is rotated in reverse, the piston rises during the downward stroke DN in the combustion stroke POW. In other words, in the initial stage of the starting sequence for starting the internal combustion engine 12, the amount of energization to the rotary electric machine 10 is controlled to be limited so that the generated torque does not exceed the maximum value of the cranking torque CLTQ. This restricted state is the same whether the rotating electric machine 10 rotates forward or reversely. At the final stage of the starting sequence, the amount of energization to the rotating electrical machine 10 is controlled so that the generated torque exceeds the maximum value of the cranking torque CLTQ. Further, the reference positions REF-P and REF-I are set so that at least one reference position is observed between the maximum value of the forward torque FWTQ and the maximum value of the reverse torque RVTQ. The reference positions REF-P and REF-I are desirably set so that both reference positions are observed between the maximum value of the forward torque FWTQ and the maximum value of the reverse torque RVTQ. In this embodiment, the initial phase is provided by standby position control.

In this embodiment, when the internal combustion engine 12 is started, the internal combustion engine 12 is controlled so as to always rotate within the stop position target range once. This control is performed by DC energization, which is open loop control, and forced commutation. This control is standby position control. Rotational direction information is obtained during standby position control. Further, synchronous commutation control, which is closed loop control using the single sensor 38, is executed based on the rotation direction information.

The following four cases are conceivable as behavior of the rotary electric machine 10 (behavior of the internal combustion engine 12) during standby position control.

(1) First Initial Position ST1 + Forward Rotation When rotating electrical machine 10 rotates forward from initial position ST1, rotating electrical machine 10 is stopped by forward torque FWTQ. The rotary electric machine 10 reaches the intermediate position ST3 from the initial position ST1. Rotation direction information is acquired during this time. No reference position REF-I is observed between the initial position ST1 and the intermediate position ST3. Furthermore, a plurality of edges indicating a plurality of field poles 26 are observed between the initial position ST1 and the intermediate position ST3.

(2) Second Initial Position ST2 + Forward Rotation When rotating electrical machine 10 rotates forward from initial position ST2, rotating electrical machine 10 is stopped by forward torque FWTQ. The rotary electric machine 10 reaches the intermediate position ST3 from the initial position ST2. Rotation direction information is acquired during this time. A reference position REF-I is observed between the initial position ST2 and the intermediate position ST3. Further, between the initial position ST2 and the intermediate position ST3, after the reference position REF-I is observed, multiple edges indicating the multiple field magnetic poles 26 are observed.

(3) Third Initial Position ST3 + Reverse Rotation When rotating electric machine 10 reversely rotates from initial position ST3, rotating electric machine 10 is stopped by reverse torque RVTQ. The rotary electric machine 10 reaches the standby position SBP from the initial position ST3. Rotation direction information is acquired during this time. A reference position REF-I is observed between the initial position ST3 and the standby position SBP. After the reference position REF-I is observed, a plurality of edges indicating field poles 26 are observed. Furthermore, when reaching the standby position SBP, the reference position REF-P is observed last. However, after the reference position REF-I was last observed, no edges indicative of field poles 26, or only a limited number of edges, are observed. The limited number is defined by the distance between the compression top dead center and the reference position and the number of magnetic poles of the rotor 21 . In this embodiment, the limited number is two.

(4) Fourth Initial Position ST4 + Reverse Rotation When the rotating electrical machine 10 rotates in the reverse direction from the initial position ST4, the rotating electrical machine 10 is stopped by the reverse torque RVTQ. The rotary electric machine 10 reaches the standby position SBP from the initial position ST4. Rotation direction information is acquired during this time. A reference position REF-P is observed between the initial position ST4 and the standby position SBP. However, after the reference position REF-I was last observed, no edges or only a limited number of edges indicative of field poles 26 are observed.

By the behaviors (1) to (4), when the rotating electrical machine 10 reaches the stop position target range, the rotating electrical machine 10 is rotated forward from the standby position SBP in order to start the internal combustion engine 12 . At this time, the rotating electrical machine 10 is driven by synchronous commutation control, which is closed loop control using the single sensor 38 . The rotary electric machine 10 overcomes the forward torque FWTQ and enables the internal combustion engine 12 to start.

In FIG. 6, an electric circuit 11 provides a control system for controlling a rotating electric machine (M) 10 and an internal combustion engine (ENG) 12 . The control system causes the rotating electric machine 10 to rotate the internal combustion engine 12 in reverse. Such behavior is also called swing bag control. The rotary electric machine 10 rotates the internal combustion engine 12 to the stop position target range. The stop position target range is also called the standby position range. After causing the internal combustion engine 12 to reach the stop position target range by the rotating electrical machine 10, the control system reverses the rotation direction of the rotating electrical machine 10 to forward rotation. The control system rotates the rotary electric machine 10 forward and starts the internal combustion engine 12 from the stop position target range. In other words, in order to crank the internal combustion engine 12 by means of the rotary electric machine 10, the control system takes a run-up distance and has momentum to overcome the high cranking torque at compression top dead center. The electric circuit 11 has an ignition control section 61 . The ignition control unit 61 receives the sensor signal SG from the single sensor 38 via the signal line 15, controls the ignition of the internal combustion engine 12, and further adjusts the ignition timing. The ignition control unit 61 detects the reference position based on the sensor signal SG and controls ignition of the internal combustion engine 12 . The ignition control unit 61 controls the ignition device of the internal combustion engine 12 .

The electric circuit 11 includes a start switch (STSW) 62 that generates a start command for the internal combustion engine 12 by inputting a user's operation. The starting switch 62 is also called a starter switch. The electric circuit 11 includes a control unit (CNT) 63 that executes a preset starting sequence in response to a starting command from the starting switch 62 . The controller 63 receives the sensor signal SG from the single sensor 38 via the signal line 15 . The sensor signal SG is input as one of the three-phase signals indicating the rotational position. The sensor signal SG is input as, for example, a U-phase signal. The electric circuit 11 includes a signal generator (SGG) 65 that generates the remaining two-phase signals out of the three-phase signals based on the sensor signal SG. Two phases from the signal generator 65 and one phase from the single sensor 38 are also referred to as three-phase estimation signals. The signal generator 65 estimates the period based on, for example, the two rising edges and the falling edge of the sensor signal SG, and generates a V-phase signal and a W-phase signal based on the U-phase signal. A control unit 63 controls an inverter circuit (INV) 64 . The inverter circuit 64 generates input power that causes the rotating electric machine 10 to function as a motor. The generated multiphase power is supplied to stator coils 33 of rotating electric machine 10 via power line 16 . The start switch 62, the control unit 63, the inverter circuit 64, and the signal generation unit 65 are a motor control unit that rotates the rotor 21 as an electric motor by controlling energization of the stator coil 33 based on the sensor signal SG. I will provide a.

The control unit 63 includes a standby position control unit (STBC) 66, a rotation direction information acquisition unit (RDIC) 67, and a synchronous commutation control unit (SYMC) 68 in order to enable motor control by the single sensor 38. Prepare.

Upon receiving a start command from the start switch 62, the standby position control unit 66 rotates the rotor 21 so that the cranking torque of the internal combustion engine 12 does not exceed the maximum value. The standby position control unit 66 starts the rotary electric machine 10 as a brushless motor by DC excitation and forced commutation. Furthermore, the standby position control unit 66 rotates the rotary electric machine 10 based on the three-phase estimation signal including the sensor signal SG. The standby position control unit 66 executes 120-degree energization. At this time, the standby position control unit 66 provides a limiting unit that limits the input power so that the rotary electric machine 10 outputs a limited torque. The limited generated torque allows the rotary electric machine 10 directly connected to the internal combustion engine 12 to rotate between the leading compression top dead center and the trailing compression top dead center. However, the limited generated torque prohibits the rotary electric machine 10 from rotating past the top dead center of the leading compression and the top dead center of the trailing compression. That is, the limited generated torque allows rotation of the rotating electric machine 10 only in a part of one cycle including a plurality of strokes of the internal combustion engine 12 . The limited generated torque prohibits rotating electric machine 10 from rotating over a plurality of cycles.

The rotation direction information acquisition unit 67 acquires an energization pattern for rotating the rotary electric machine 10 in the forward direction while the rotary electric machine 10 is rotated by the standby position control unit 66 . In this embodiment, the rotation direction information acquisition unit 67 acquires an energization pattern for rotating the rotary electric machine 10 in the forward direction based on the behavior of the rotary electric machine 10 by the standby position control unit 66 . The behavior of the rotating electric machine 10 includes the stop position of the rotor 21 defined by the cranking torque CLTQ of the internal combustion engine 12 and the rotation direction of the rotor 21 . In other words, the rotation direction information acquiring unit 67 identifies an energization pattern for rotating the rotating electric machine 10 in the forward direction from the position where the rotating electric machine 10 is stopped by the standby position control unit 66 . The rotation direction information acquisition unit 67 identifies the energization pattern opposite to the energization pattern in which the rotor 21 is controlled toward the stop position target range (standby range) STBY as the energization pattern for forward rotation. The energization pattern is a pattern for commutating the polyphase power supplied to the stator coil 33 . The energization pattern is also called a commutation sequence.

The synchronous commutation control unit 68 commutates the polyphase power supplied to the stator coil 33 by closed loop control according to the sensor signal SG based on the energization pattern specified by the rotation direction information acquisition unit 67 . This causes the synchronous commutation control section 68 to rotate the rotor 21 . The synchronous commutation control unit 68 rotates the rotary electric machine 10 as a starter motor based on the three-phase estimation signal. The synchronous commutation control unit 68 controls the input electric power so that the rotary electric machine 10 rotates beyond the compression top dead center. The synchronous commutation control unit 68 executes 180-degree energization. In other words, the synchronous commutation control section 68 executes energization control for starting the internal combustion engine 12 .

FIG. 7 shows the U-phase current in 120-degree energization and the U-phase current in 180-degree energization. The 120-degree energization is also called 120-degree rectangular wave energization. The 180-degree energization is also called 180-degree rectangular wave energization. Instead of 180-degree energization, 180-degree sine-wave energization or 180-degree pseudo-sine-wave energization may be performed.

FIG. 8 shows control processing 170 performed by a processor included in electrical circuit 11 . At step 171, preparation processing is performed. The preparation process includes steps 172 and 173 . At step 172, the standby position control process is executed. Step 172 provides standby position control 66 . At step 173, a rotation direction information acquisition process is executed. In step 173, information indicating the direction of rotation of the rotor 21 is acquired based on the behavior of the rotary electric machine 10 accompanying the standby position control. At step 173, information indicating the direction of rotation of the rotor 21 is obtained, for example, based on a comparison of the basic pulse period T26 and the short pulse periods T1, T2, T3. A step 173 provides the rotational direction information acquisition unit 67 . At step 174 , based on the rotation direction information obtained at step 173 , an energization pattern for forward rotation of the rotating electric machine 10 from the standby position is characterized. At step 175, 180-degree energization control is executed. As a result, the rotating electric machine 10 rotates powerfully so as to start the internal combustion engine 12 . At step 176, it is determined whether or not the start of the internal combustion engine 12 has been completed. In step 176, if the internal combustion engine 12 has not started, step 175 is repeated. In step 176, if the start of the internal combustion engine 12 is completed, the process ends. Steps 175 and 176 are performed in response to sensor signal SG from single sensor 38 . Steps 175 and 176 provide synchronous commutation control 68 .

FIG. 9 shows details of step 171 . At step 171 , direct current is applied to the three-phase windings of the stator coil 33 . Direct-current energization is control in which a direct current is passed through two-phase windings of three-phase windings for a limited period of time. The DC energization causes the rotating electric machine 10 to rotate in the forward direction or the reverse direction. This DC energization is repeated until switching of the field magnetic poles 26 is detected by the sensor signal SG.

At step 182, processing is performed to generate a three-phase estimate signal. Here, with the sensor signal SG as one phase, the remaining two phases having a predetermined phase difference are generated. A three-phase estimation signal has a U-phase, a V-phase, and a W-phase. Step 182 provides signal generator 65 . At step 183, a plurality of energization patterns (commutation patterns) are generated based on the three-phase estimation signal. The multiple energization patterns include an energization pattern for forward rotation and an energization pattern for reverse rotation. At step 184, one of the plurality of generated energization patterns is selected. Here, if there is an energization pattern that has already been selected, the energization pattern is switched. At step 185, 120-degree energization is performed based on the selected energization pattern. At step 186, it is determined whether or not an edge indicating switching of the field magnetic pole 26 is detected from the sensor signal SG. If no edge is detected, the rotating electric machine 10 is not rotating. In this case, the process returns to step 184 and the energization pattern is switched. By the processing of steps 181 to 186, rotating electric machine 10 is continuously rotated in the forward or reverse direction.

At step 187, it is determined whether or not the rotor 21 has stopped. The 120-degree energization provided by steps 181-186 is also a process for limiting the output torque of rotating electric machine 10. FIG. A step 187 determines whether or not the rotating electric machine 10 has stopped due to the forward torque FWTQ or the reverse torque RVTQ. The 120-degree energization in step 185 is continued until the rotor 21 stops. If the rotor 21 has stopped, the process proceeds to step 188 .

At step 188, it is determined whether or not the waveform of the reference magnetic pole has been detected in the process of steps 181-187. If the reference magnetic pole is not detected, it can be determined that it is the case of "(1) first initial position ST1+positive rotation". In this case, the rotating electric machine 10 is considered to be at the third initial position ST3. In this case, processing returns to step 182 . At step 184, an energization pattern for rotating the rotary electric machine 10 in the reverse direction is selected. As a result, the rotating electric machine 10 is rotated from the third initial position ST3 to the standby position SBP. If the determination at step 188 is YES, processing proceeds to step 189 .

At step 189, the number of edges N and the threshold Pth are compared. The edge number N is the edge number N further detected after the last detected reference magnetic pole in the process of steps 181-187. The threshold Pth is a preset numerical value that is set according to the number of field magnetic poles 26 and the position of the reference magnetic pole 27 . The position of the reference magnetic pole 27 is set so that an appropriate number of edges are observed after the rotating electric machine 10 rotates in the reverse direction. At the same time, the position of the reference magnetic pole 27 is set so that ignition timing control is performed with high accuracy. In this embodiment, Pth=2.

When the number of edges N exceeds the threshold value Pth (N>Pth), it can be determined that the above-mentioned "(2) second initial position ST2+forward rotation" is the case. In this case, the rotating electric machine 10 is considered to be at the third initial position ST3. In this case, processing returns to step 182 . At step 184, an energization pattern for rotating the rotary electric machine 10 in the reverse direction is selected. As a result, the rotating electric machine 10 is rotated from the third initial position ST3 to the standby position SBP.

If the number of edges N is equal to or less than the threshold value Pth (N=Pth, N<Pth), the above "(3) third initial position ST3+reverse rotation" or "(4) fourth initial position ST4+reverse rotation". It can be determined that it is the case of In this case, rotating electrical machine 10 is considered to have reached standby position SBP. In this case, processing proceeds to step 174 . By the processing of steps 174 and 176, the rotating electrical machine 10 is driven as a starter motor to generate high torque, and the internal combustion engine 12 is started.

The controller provided by the electrical circuit 11 performs the following processes. First, when a pulse signal sufficiently shorter than other pulses (either H or L) is output from the single sensor 38, the control device generates a reference position signal, that is, a trigger signal (ignition trigger) for ignition control. I judge. When the control device recognizes an ignition trigger even once, it generates another ignition trigger using a counter. In other words, the position of the ignition trigger, ie the position of the reference pole, can be stored in a counter. After the internal combustion engine 12 is started, ignition control can be executed based on the position of the ignition trigger stored by a counter or the like. Even in such a case, it is desirable that the position of the ignition trigger indicated by the reference magnetic pole is periodically confirmed based on the sensor signal SG. The confirmation method is to confirm that the duration of the pulse wave indicating the ignition trigger is shorter than a preset value. Further, the checking method may compare the rate of change in time of a plurality of pulse waves other than the pulse wave indicating the ignition trigger and the rate of change in time including the pulse wave indicating the ignition trigger.

A change in the rotational speed of the rotating electrical machine 10 can be recognized by the rate of change in time between edges other than the ignition trigger. During an increase in rotational speed, such as when the internal combustion engine 12 is started, the identification of the pulse of the reference magnetic pole sufficiently shorter than the other pulses can be accomplished by 1 pulse per pulse associated with the preset rotational speed increase acceleration after the start of rotation. It can be executed when a waveform with a time shorter than the width of the time decrease is entered.

In controlling the rotating electric machine 10 as a motor, one phase is energized in advance using the sensor signal SG from the single sensor 38 as a reference waveform, and the other phases are energized by arithmetic processing of the reference waveform. For example, when the energization of the U phase is synchronized with the sensor signal SG, the other V phase and W phase are energized with an electrical angle difference of 120 degrees with respect to the sensor signal SG. Since the sensor signal SG contains a pulse indicating the reference magnetic pole, a problem may occur if commutation corresponding to this pulse is executed. Malfunctions include, for example, a decrease in output torque as an electric motor and/or an increase in output torque pulsation. Since the controller can determine the pulse indicative of the reference pole, it is desirable to inhibit commutation at the reference pole position.

When the rotary electric machine 10 is stopped at the position where the reference magnetic pole is detected, the energization phase as the original electric motor defined by the field magnetic pole 26 may be opposite. In this case, it cannot be made to function as an electric motor. Therefore, if the rotary electric machine 10 does not rotate even after a predetermined time of energization, that is, if the sensor signal SG is not reversed, the energization can be temporarily stopped and the opposite phase energization can be performed.

When a start command is input from the start switch 62, a direct current energization process is executed by open loop control. A sensor signal of the single sensor 38 when a start command is input from the start switch 62 is observed. Using a preset energization pattern corresponding to this sensor signal, the rotating electrical machine 10 is energized for a predetermined very short period of time to apply a rotational force, and then the energization is interrupted. This process is the DC energization process. The direction of rotation by open loop control is indefinite. As the rotary electric machine 10 rotates and the inertia of the rotor 21 causes the rotor 21 to rotate further, the sensor signal is further observed. When the single sensor 38 reaches the field pole 26 or the reference pole 27, a falling or rising edge (H→L or L→H) occurs in the sensor signal. When the edge signal is received, the control system recognizes that the rotating electrical machine 10 has started rotating. Based on the sensor signal SG from the single sensor 38, the control system performs commutation to an energization pattern corresponding to the first observed edge. The control system energizes the rotating electrical machine 10 again to apply the rotational force. As in the first energization after the start command, the energization is energized for a very short period of time and then cut off, so that the inertia of the rotor 21 maintains the rotation and the next edge is generated. By observing the second edge, the next commutation timing can be calculated from the time between the preceding edge and the subsequent edge. Therefore, the step of interrupting immediately after energization is finished, and the energization is shifted to synchronizing with the sensor signal SG. After that, synchronous commutation control is executed.

Since the rotary electric machine 10 does not always rotate in the reverse direction, it is necessary to determine the direction of rotation. In this embodiment, the waveform indicating the reference magnetic pole is always observed once in the range of 360 (° CA) (Condition 1). Further, the cranking torque is large in a predetermined range toward compression top dead center in forward rotation and in a predetermined range toward compression top dead center in reverse rotation. For this reason, the internal combustion engine 12 cannot get over the top dead center of the compression with DC energization or 120-degree energization, so it stops (Condition 2). The predetermined range is, for example, a range of about 120 (°CA) before top dead center of compression in both forward rotation and reverse rotation. Based on these two conditions (Condition 1 and Condition 2), forward rotation and reverse rotation can be determined.

For example, in this embodiment, the reference magnetic pole can be set at 60 (° CA) after top dead center. In this case, it can be considered as follows. The rotating electric machine 10 is rotated until it is stopped by cranking torque. In this case, forward rotation or reverse rotation is determined based on the number of edges after the last reference magnetic pole is observed until the rotating electrical machine 10 stops. If the number of edges is equal to or less than the threshold value Pth, the rotation is reverse. If the number of edges exceeds the threshold value Pth, the rotation is positive. The threshold value Pth is 2 when the reference magnetic pole is set at 60 (° CA) after the top dead center and the rotor 21 has 12 poles.

According to the embodiment described above, a rotating electric machine for an internal combustion engine provided with the single sensor 38 is provided. The single sensor 38 occupies a small area in the stator 31 and contributes to improving the heat dissipation performance from the stator 31 . The single sensor 38 also contributes to miniaturization of the signal line 15 . The single sensor 38 allows easy laying of the signal line 15 . Single sensor 38 facilitates holding of signal line 15 .

Further, this embodiment provides both ignition timing control and control as an electric motor with a single sensor 38 . Moreover, since the reference magnetic pole 27 is provided in the field magnetic pole 26 while maintaining the width of the magnetic field magnetic pole 26, a waveform that is easy to use for control as a motor can be obtained. By obtaining a waveform (edge) indicating the width of the field magnetic pole 26, control as a motor is executed with high accuracy.

Second Embodiment This embodiment is a modification based on the preceding embodiment. In the above embodiment, the single sensor 38 is provided by TMD. Alternatively, the single sensor 38 may be provided by an SMD.

In FIG. 10, the sensor unit 37 has a substrate 242 as an electrical circuit component. The substrate 242 includes electric elements, electric wires, and the like mounted on its surface or inside. The single sensor 38 is a surface mount device (SMD). Single sensor 38 is mounted on substrate 242 . The substrate 242 is arranged inside the cover 41 . According to this embodiment, the single sensor 38 is securely retained within the cover 41 .

Third Embodiment This embodiment is a modification based on the preceding embodiment. In the above embodiment, the sensor unit 37 radially extends along the stator 31 . Alternatively, sensor unit 37 can be provided by cover 41 alone.

In FIG. 11 the sensor unit 337 is provided by the cover 41 only. The single sensor 38 is SMD. According to this embodiment, a compact sensor unit 337 is provided.

Fourth Embodiment This embodiment is a modification based on the preceding embodiment. In the above embodiment, the sensor unit 37 and the signal line 15 are fixedly connected. Alternatively, the sensor unit 37 and the signal line 15 may be detachably connected by the connector 445 .

In FIG. 12, the sensor unit 37 and signal line 15 are connected by a connector 445 . Connector 445 is detachable. According to this embodiment, the rotary electric machine 10 is provided in which the work of arranging the sensor unit 37 or the signal line 15 is easy.

Fifth Embodiment This embodiment is a modification based on the preceding embodiment. In the above embodiments, the sensor units 37 , 337 are themselves fixed to the stator 31 . Alternatively, the sensor units 37 , 337 may be fixed to the stator 31 by brackets 51 .

13, the bracket 51 has a sensor holding portion 552. As shown in FIG. The sensor holding portion 552 is provided by a projecting piece continuous from the bracket 51 . If the bracket 51 is provided by a metal plate, the protruding piece is a metal plate. The protruding strip may be provided by a metal strip with stiffening ribs. When the bracket 51 is made of resin, the projecting piece is made of resin. The sensor holding portion 552 holds the sensor unit 537 . The sensor unit 537 has a cover 41 . A cover 41 holds the single sensor 38 between the magnetic poles 35 . According to this embodiment, bracket 51 holds signal line 15 and/or power line 16 and positions single sensor 38 in place. According to this embodiment, a multifunctional bracket 51 is provided. Multiple functions can be aggregated in the bracket 51 . Furthermore, the number of parts fixed on the stator 31 is suppressed. This provides a large exposed surface above the stator 31 . Also, from another point of view, a rotating electrical machine 10 that is easy to manufacture is provided.

Sixth Embodiment This embodiment is a modification based on the preceding embodiment. In the above embodiments, the single sensor 38 is held by sensor units 37 , 337 , 537 . Alternatively, the single sensor 38 may be held by the insulator 36 .

In FIG. 14, the single sensor 38 is located on the bobbin collar portion 641 provided by the insulator 36 . A collar portion 641 provides a cover that holds the single sensor 38 . According to this embodiment, a single sensor 38 is positioned using an insulator 36 . Furthermore, the number of parts fixed on the stator 31 is suppressed. This provides a large exposed surface above the stator 31 . Also, from another point of view, a rotating electrical machine 10 that is easy to manufacture is provided.

Seventh Embodiment This embodiment is a modification based on the preceding embodiment. In the above embodiment, the single sensor 38 is arranged radially facing the permanent magnet 23 . Alternatively, the single sensor 38 may be arranged axially opposite the permanent magnet 23 .

In FIG. 15, the single sensor 38 is arranged in the axial direction of the permanent magnet 23 . The sensor unit 37 has a cover 741 for holding the single sensor 38 . The cover 741 is positioned so as to radially protrude from the stator 31 . The cover 741 positions the single sensor 38 so as to face the axial end face of the permanent magnet 23 .

In FIG. 16, a plan view seen from the direction of arrow XVI in FIG. 15 is illustrated. The plurality of magnets 23a and 23b are magnetized so that field magnetic poles 26a and 26b appear on the axial end faces of the partially cylindrical magnets. The magnet 723c is magnetized so that the field magnetic pole 26a and the reference magnetic pole 27 appear on the axial end face of the partially cylindrical magnet. Also in this embodiment, the reference magnetic pole 27 is formed within the range of one field magnetic pole 26 . In other words, the polarity of one field pole appears on both sides of the reference pole 27 with respect to the circumferential direction. The field magnetic pole 26 and the reference magnetic pole 27 are formed on the axial end face. Only the field poles 26a, 26b are exposed on the radial inner surfaces of the magnets 23a, 23b, 723c. As the rotor 21 rotates, the plurality of field magnetic poles 26 and the reference magnetic poles 27 sequentially pass the single sensor 38 . A plurality of field poles 26 and reference poles 27 change the magnetic flux passing through the single sensor 38 . As a result, the single sensor 38 outputs the sensor signal SG. According to this embodiment, since only the field poles 26a and 26b are exposed on the radial inner surfaces of the magnets 23a, 23b and 723c, the areas of the field poles 26a and 26b are not damaged.

Eighth Embodiment This embodiment is a modification based on the preceding embodiment. In the above embodiment, the reference magnetic pole 27 is arranged at the central portion or end of the field magnetic pole 26 . Alternatively, the reference pole 27 may extend axially through the central portion of the field pole 26 .

In FIG. 17, the magnet 823c has field poles 26 on its radially inner surface. Furthermore, the magnet 823c has a reference magnetic pole 27 from one axial edge to the other axial edge on the radial inner surface. In the magnet 823c, the field magnetic pole 26 and the reference magnetic pole 27 appear in a striped pattern. Field magnetic poles 26 are positioned on both sides of the reference magnetic pole 27 in the circumferential direction. Also in this embodiment, the reference magnetic pole 27 is formed within the range of one field magnetic pole 26 . In other words, the polarity of one field pole appears on both sides of the reference pole 27 with respect to the circumferential direction. In this embodiment, too, the sensor signal SG is obtained by means of a single sensor 38 .

Ninth Embodiment This embodiment is a modification based on the preceding embodiment. In the above embodiment, the reference magnetic pole 27 is arranged in the central portion in the circumferential direction. Alternatively, the reference magnetic pole 27 may be arranged to be biased forward or backward in the circumferential direction.

In FIG. 18, the magnet 923c has field poles 26 on its radially inner surface. Furthermore, the magnet 923c has a reference magnetic pole 27 on the radially inner surface, which is arranged circumferentially backward. The reference magnetic pole 27 is completely surrounded by the field magnetic poles 26 . As a result, from the sensor signal SG of the single sensor 38, short pulse periods T1, T2, T3 are observed. The short pulse periods T1, T2, and T3 are set to satisfy T1>T2>T3. The sensor signal SG includes a plurality of pulses with different periods due to the reference magnetic pole 27 (T26>T1>T2>T3).

The rotation direction of the rotor 21 is detected by comparing at least two of the short pulse periods T1, T2, T3. For example, the rotation direction of the rotor 21 is detected by comparing the elapsed time in the short pulse period T1 and the elapsed time in the short pulse period T3. The difference between the short pulse periods T1, T2, and T3 is set according to the fluctuation amount of the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine 12. FIG. The short pulse periods T1, T2, and T3 are set so that the difference between the short pulse periods T1, T2, and T3 can be observed even under the assumed rotational acceleration when the internal combustion engine 12 is cranked, for example. be.

In this embodiment, the control system of FIG. 6 is constructed and control processing 170 of FIG. 8 is executed. At step 173, the direction of rotation of the rotor 21 is specified by observing the short pulse periods T1, T2, and T3. At step 174 , an energization pattern for forward rotation is specified based on the observation result at step 173 . Therefore, in this embodiment as well, the rotation direction information acquisition unit 67 acquires an energization pattern for rotating the rotating electric machine 10 in the forward direction while the rotating electric machine 10 is rotated by the standby position control unit 66 . The rotation direction information acquisition unit 67 determines the rotation direction based on two pulse periods (T1, T2, T3, T4, T26) with different periods generated due to the reference magnetic pole 27, and the energization at that time. pattern, an energization pattern for forward rotation is specified. Then, the synchronous commutation control unit 68 commutates the polyphase power supplied to the stator coil 33 by closed loop control according to the sensor signal SG based on the energization pattern specified by the rotation direction information acquisition unit 67 .

In this embodiment, too, the sensor signal SG is obtained by means of a single sensor 38 . Further, it is possible to obtain rotational direction information for determining the rotational direction of the rotor 21 based on the sensor signal SG.

Tenth Embodiment This embodiment is a modification based on the preceding embodiment. In the above embodiment, the short pulse periods T1, T2 and T3 are set to satisfy T1>T2>T3. Alternatively, the short pulse periods T1, T2, T3 may be set to T1<T2<T3. The short pulse periods T1, T2, and T3 may be set to T2<T1<T3 or T1<T3<T2.

In FIG. 19, the magnet AB 23c has a reference magnetic pole 27 on the radially inner surface, which is biased forward in the circumferential direction. The short pulse periods T1, T2 and T3 are set to satisfy T1<T2<T3. The sensor signal SG includes a plurality of pulses with different periods due to the reference magnetic pole 27 (T26>T3>T2>T1). This embodiment also provides the same effects as the preceding embodiment.

Eleventh Embodiment This embodiment is a modification based on the preceding embodiment. In the above embodiment, the reference magnetic pole 27 is arranged in the central portion of the field magnetic pole 26 . Alternatively, the reference pole 27 may be arranged at the end of the field pole 26 .

In FIG. 20, the magnet B23c has field poles 26 on its radially inner surface. Furthermore, the magnet B23c has a reference magnetic pole 27 on the axial edge of the radially inner surface. Along track 29, field poles 26a, 26b alternate polarity. Furthermore, in the magnet B23c, the polarities are alternately alternated by the reference magnetic pole 27 for indicating the reference position. Also in this embodiment, the reference magnetic pole 27 is formed within the range of one field magnetic pole 26 . However, the reference pole 27 is not surrounded by the field pole 26 . In other words, the polarity of one field pole appears on both sides of the reference pole 27 with respect to the circumferential direction. In this embodiment, too, the sensor signal SG is obtained by means of a single sensor 38 .

Twelfth Embodiment This embodiment is a modification based on the preceding embodiment. In the above embodiment, the reference magnetic pole 27 has field magnetic poles 26 both forward and backward in the circumferential direction. Alternatively, the reference pole 27 may have the field pole 26 only at the front or rear in the circumferential direction.

In FIG. 21, the magnet C23c has field poles 26 on its radially inner surface. Furthermore, the magnet C23c has a reference magnetic pole 27 arranged at a rear corner in the circumferential direction on the radially inner surface. Therefore, in the magnet C23c, the reference magnetic pole 27 has the field magnetic pole 26 only in front in the circumferential direction. The polarity provided by the reference pole 27 is the same as the polarity of the field poles provided by the other adjacent magnets. Also in this embodiment, the reference magnetic pole 27 is formed within the range of one field magnetic pole 26 . However, the reference pole 27 is not surrounded by the field pole 26 . In other words, the polarity of one field magnetic pole appears on one side of the reference magnetic pole 27 with respect to the circumferential direction.

When the field pole 26 and the reference pole 27 are observed by the single sensor 38, a sensor signal SG is obtained. Due to the reference magnetic pole 27, the sensor signal SG includes a short pulse period T1 and a long pulse period T4. The short pulse period T1 is shorter than the basic pulse period T26. The long pulse period T4 is longer than the basic pulse period T26. Therefore, the rotation direction of the rotor 21 is detected by comparing the short pulse period T1 and the long pulse period T4. Moreover, since the long pulse period T4 is longer than the basic pulse period T26, it is possible to obtain accuracy that is difficult to obtain by comparing the short pulse period T1 and the basic pulse period T26. The sensor signal SG includes a plurality of pulses with different periods due to the reference magnetic pole 27 (T4>T26>T1). This embodiment also provides the same effects as the preceding embodiment.

The magnet C23c may have a reference magnetic pole 27 arranged at a front corner in the circumferential direction on the radially inner surface. In this case, in the magnet C23c, the reference magnetic pole 27 has the field magnetic pole 26 only behind in the circumferential direction. This modification also provides the same effects as the preceding embodiment.

Other Embodiments The disclosures in this specification, drawings, etc. are not limited to the illustrated embodiments. The disclosure encompasses the illustrated embodiments and variations thereon by those skilled in the art. For example, the disclosure is not limited to the combinations of parts and/or elements shown in the embodiments. The disclosure can be implemented in various combinations. The disclosure can have additional parts that can be added to the embodiments. The disclosure encompasses omitting parts and/or elements of the embodiments. The disclosure encompasses permutations or combinations of parts and/or elements between one embodiment and another. The disclosed technical scope is not limited to the description of the embodiments. The disclosed technical scope is indicated by the description of the claims, and should be understood to include all modifications within the meaning and range of equivalents to the description of the claims.

The disclosure in the specification, drawings, etc. is not limited by the description in the claims. The disclosure in the specification, drawings, etc. encompasses the technical ideas described in the claims, and extends to more diverse and broader technical ideas than the technical ideas described in the claims. Therefore, various technical ideas can be extracted from the disclosure of the specification, drawings, etc., without being bound by the scope of claims.

In the above embodiment, standby position control is executed after receiving a command from the start switch 62 . Alternatively, the standby position control may be executed when the internal combustion engine 12 is stopped. In this case, step 171 is executed within a predetermined period after the internal combustion engine 12 is instructed to stop. Steps 174 and after are executed when the internal combustion engine 12 is commanded to start. Rotation direction information (commutation sequence for forward rotation from the standby position) for forward rotation of rotating electric machine 10 is stored in the control device and used in step 174 at the time of startup.

In the above embodiment, the rotor 21 has one reference magnetic pole 27 so that one reference position is detected in one rotation (360 degrees) of the rotary electric machine 10 . Alternatively, the rotor 21 may have two or more reference poles 27 . At least one reference pole 27 is utilized to indicate a reference position for ignition control. The other remaining reference magnetic poles 27 are used to obtain information for determining the rotational directions of the rotary electric machine 10 and the internal combustion engine 12 . Again, multiple reference poles 27 are detected by a single sensor 38 .

In the above embodiment, the rotary electric machine 10 is controlled as a starter motor by operating the starter switch 62 . Alternatively, if the internal combustion engine 12 is equipped with a manual starter such as a kick starter, the internal combustion engine 12 may be controlled as a starter motor to assist the manual starter when the manual starter is operated by the user. good too. Also in this case, the start switch 62 detects the user's operation of the manual starter and outputs a start command. Also in this case, it can be said that the rotor 21 is directly connected to the internal combustion engine 12 via the manual starter.

In the above embodiment, internal combustion engine 12 is a four-cycle engine. Alternatively, internal combustion engine 12 may be a two-stroke engine.

Claims (11)

a rotor (21) having a plurality of field poles (26) with alternating polarities and a reference pole (27) indicating a reference position;
a stator (31) having magnetic poles (35) facing the field magnetic poles and multiphase stator coils (33); and
a single sensor (38) for detecting said field poles and said reference poles to produce a sensor signal;
an ignition control unit (61) for detecting the reference position based on the sensor signal (SG) and controlling ignition of the internal combustion engine;
An electric circuit (11) comprising an electric motor control section (62, 63, 64, 65) that rotates the rotor as an electric motor by controlling energization of the stator coil based on the sensor signal,
The electric motor control unit
a start switch (62) for generating a start command for the internal combustion engine;
a standby position control section (66) for rotating the rotor so as not to exceed a maximum value of cranking torque (FWTQ, RVTQ) of the internal combustion engine when receiving a start command from the start switch;
a rotation direction information acquisition unit (67) for acquiring an energization pattern for rotating the rotor in the forward direction during the period in which the rotor rotates by the standby position control unit;
a synchronous commutation control unit (68) for commutating the polyphase power supplied to the stator coils by closed-loop control according to the sensor signal, based on the energization pattern specified by the rotation direction information acquisition unit; A generator motor for an internal combustion engine. The rotor comprises a permanent magnet (23) comprising a plurality of said field poles and said reference poles,
2. The generator-motor for an internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein the reference magnetic pole is formed within the range of one of the field magnetic poles. 3. The generator-motor for an internal combustion engine according to claim 2, wherein one polarity of said field magnetic pole appears on both sides or one side of said reference magnetic pole in the circumferential direction. 4. The generator-motor for an internal combustion engine according to claim 2, wherein said field magnetic poles and said reference magnetic poles are formed on a radially inner surface facing said stator or on an axial end surface thereof. Said sensor signal comprises a plurality of pulses (T1, T2, T3) of equal duration due to said magnetic reference pole, or a plurality of pulses (T1, T2, T3) of different duration due to said magnetic reference pole. , T4, T26). a rotor (21) having a plurality of field poles (26) with alternating polarities and a reference pole (27) indicating a reference position;
a stator (31) having magnetic poles (35) facing the field magnetic poles and multiphase stator coils (33); and
a single sensor (38) for detecting said field poles and said reference poles to produce a single sensor signal for both electric motor control and internal combustion engine ignition control;
The rotor comprises a permanent magnet (23) comprising a plurality of said field poles and said reference poles,
The reference magnetic pole is formed within the range of one of the field magnetic poles,
The reference magnetic pole is arranged to be biased forward or backward in the circumferential direction ,
an ignition control unit (61) for detecting the reference position based on the sensor signal (SG) and controlling ignition of the internal combustion engine;
An electric circuit (11) comprising an electric motor control section (62, 63, 64, 65) that rotates the rotor as an electric motor by controlling energization of the stator coil based on the sensor signal,
The electric motor control unit
a start switch (62) for generating a start command for the internal combustion engine;
a standby position control section (66) for rotating the rotor so as not to exceed the maximum value of the cranking torque (FWTQ, RVTQ) of the internal combustion engine when receiving a start command from the start switch;
a rotation direction information acquisition unit (67) for acquiring an energization pattern for rotating the rotor in the forward direction during the period in which the rotor rotates by the standby position control unit;
a synchronous commutation control unit (68) for commutating the polyphase power supplied to the stator coils by closed-loop control according to the sensor signal, based on the energization pattern specified by the rotation direction information acquisition unit; A generator motor for an internal combustion engine. 7. The generator-motor for an internal combustion engine according to claim 6, wherein one polarity of said field magnetic pole appears on both sides or one side of said reference magnetic pole in the circumferential direction. 8. The generator-motor for an internal combustion engine according to claim 6, wherein said field magnetic poles and said reference magnetic poles are formed on a radially inner surface facing said stator or on an axial end surface thereof. The rotation direction information acquisition unit
The energization pattern opposite to the energization pattern in which the rotor is controlled toward the standby range (STBY) is specified as the energization pattern for rotating in the forward direction, or
Based on the rotation direction determined based on two pulse periods (T1, T2, T3, T4, T26) with different periods generated due to the reference magnetic pole and the energization pattern at that time, the forward direction 9. The generator-motor for an internal combustion engine according to any one of claims 1 to 8 , wherein an energization pattern for rotating the internal combustion engine is specified. The stator coil is a three-phase coil,
The standby position control unit rotates the rotor by 120-degree energization,
10. The generator-motor for an internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein the synchronous commutation control unit rotates the rotor by 180-degree energization. The generator motor for an internal combustion engine according to any one of claims 1 to 10 , wherein the rotor is directly connected to the internal combustion engine (12).

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