CN114175471A

CN114175471A - Generator motor for internal combustion engine

Info

Publication number: CN114175471A
Application number: CN202080053129.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 仓谷义则; 道明正尚; 金光宪太郎; 山下真吾
Original assignee: Denso Duolimu Co ltd
Current assignee: Denso Duolimu Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-07-25
Filing date: 2020-07-21
Publication date: 2022-03-11
Also published as: JP7168787B2; JPWO2021015183A1; WO2021015183A1

Abstract

The rotating electric machine has a rotor (21) and a stator (31). The rotor (21) has a permanent magnet (23). The permanent magnet (23) provides a plurality of excitation poles (26) and at least one reference pole (27). The plurality of excitation poles (26) are arranged so that the polarities alternate with each other. The reference magnetic pole (27) is disposed in at least one excitation magnetic pole (26). The stator (31) has a single sensor (38). The sensor Signal (SG) is obtained by observing the polarity of the poles along the track (29) with a single sensor (38). The sensor Signal (SG) is used as a signal for causing the rotating electric machine to function as a motor. Furthermore, the sensor Signal (SG) is used as a reference position signal for controlling the ignition of the internal combustion engine.

Description

Generator motor for internal combustion engine

Cross Reference to Related Applications

The application is based on Japanese patent application No. 2019-137285, filed on 25.7.7.2019, the contents of which are incorporated by reference in their entirety.

Technical Field

The disclosure in this specification relates to a generator-motor for an internal combustion engine.

Background

Patent document 1 discloses a rotating electrical machine for an internal combustion engine. The disclosures in the prior art documents are incorporated by reference into the present application as descriptions of technical elements in the present specification.

Documents of the prior art

Patent document

Patent document 1: japanese patent No. 6286617

Disclosure of Invention

The rotating electric machine for an internal combustion engine of patent document 1 has both a sensor for motor control and a sensor for ignition control. In the above viewpoint or other viewpoints not mentioned, further improvement is demanded for the generator motor for an internal combustion engine.

It is an object of the present disclosure to provide a generator-motor for an internal combustion engine, a signal of one sensor of which is used for both motor control and ignition control.

Disclosed herein is a generator-motor for an internal combustion engine, comprising: a rotor having a plurality of excitation magnetic poles with polarities alternating with each other, and a reference magnetic pole showing a reference position; a stator having a magnetic pole facing the excitation magnetic pole and a stator coil of a plurality of phases; and a single sensor that detects the excitation magnetic pole and the reference magnetic pole and generates a sensor signal.

The disclosed generator-motor for an internal combustion engine provides an ignition control function for the internal combustion engine and a motor control function as a motor based on a reference position according to a sensor signal from a single sensor. By implementing these two functions with a single sensor, a signal system of simple construction is constructed.

The various modes disclosed in the specification adopt different technical means to achieve respective purposes. The numerals in parentheses in the claims and claims are merely exemplary for the correspondence with the corresponding portions of the embodiments described below, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection. The objects, features and effects disclosed in the present specification will become more apparent by referring to the following detailed description and accompanying drawings.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a sectional view of a rotating electric machine for an internal combustion engine according to a first embodiment.

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the stator.

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the rotation sensor.

Fig. 4 is a waveform diagram showing a signal waveform of the rotation sensor.

Fig. 5 is a waveform diagram showing an operation at the time of startup.

Fig. 6 is a block diagram of a circuit.

Fig. 7 is a waveform diagram showing the energization waveform.

Fig. 8 is a flowchart showing control performed as a motor.

Fig. 9 is a flowchart showing control performed as a motor.

Fig. 10 is a sectional view of a rotation sensor according to a second embodiment.

Fig. 11 is a partial broken-away view of the rotation sensor according to the third embodiment.

Fig. 12 is a perspective view of a stator according to a fourth embodiment.

Fig. 13 is a perspective view of a stator according to a fifth embodiment.

Fig. 14 is a perspective view of a stator according to a sixth embodiment.

Fig. 15 is a sectional view of a rotary electric machine for an internal combustion engine according to a seventh embodiment.

Fig. 16 is a plan view of the rotating electric machine for an internal combustion engine.

Fig. 17 is a waveform diagram showing signal waveforms according to the eighth embodiment.

Fig. 18 is a waveform diagram showing signal waveforms according to the ninth embodiment.

Fig. 19 is a waveform diagram showing signal waveforms according to the tenth embodiment.

Fig. 20 is a waveform diagram showing signal waveforms according to the eleventh embodiment.

Fig. 21 is a waveform diagram showing signal waveforms according to the twelfth embodiment.

Detailed Description

A plurality of embodiments will be described with reference to the drawings. In the embodiments, the same reference numerals or reference numerals having different numbers in hundreds or more digits are used for functionally and/or structurally corresponding parts and/or related parts. For the corresponding parts and/or the associated parts, reference may be made to the relevant explanations in the other embodiments.

In fig. 1, the rotating electric machine for an internal combustion engine is referred to as a rotating electric machine 10. The rotating electrical machine 10 provides a generator motor for an internal combustion engine. The rotating electrical machine 10 is also referred to as a Generator motor, or an alternator Starter (AC Generator Starter). The rotating electrical machine 10 can function as a generator and a motor, and can selectively function as either one of them. One example of the use of the rotating electrical machine 10 is a generator motor of the internal combustion engine 12. The internal combustion engine 12 is used, for example, as a power source of a vehicle. The vehicle is a vehicle, a ship, or an airplane, and a typical example is a saddle-ride type vehicle. The vehicle includes an entertainment device or a simulation device. Further, the internal combustion engine 12 may be used as a power source for stationary equipment such as a generator, an air conditioner, and a water pump. The internal combustion engine 12 is a 4-stroke engine.

The rotating electric machine 10 is electrically connected to a circuit 11 including an Inverter (INV) and a control unit (ECU). The rotating electric machine 10 and the circuit 11 are connected by a signal line 15 for transmitting a sensor signal described later. The rotating electric machine 10 and the electric circuit 11 are connected by a power line 16, and the power line 16 is used to transmit output power as a generator or input power as a motor. Circuit 11 provides a multi-phase power conversion circuit.

When the rotating electrical machine 10 functions as a generator, the circuit 11 provides a rectifier circuit that rectifies the output ac power and supplies power to an electrical load including a battery. The circuit 11 provides a signal processing circuit that receives a reference position signal for ignition control supplied by the rotating electrical machine 10. The circuit 11 may also provide an ignition controller that performs ignition control. The circuit 11 provides a drive circuit that causes the rotating electrical machine 10 to function as a motor. The circuit 11 receives a rotation position signal for causing the rotating electrical machine 10 to function as a motor from the rotating electrical machine 10. The electric circuit 11 controls the energization of the rotating electrical machine 10 based on the detected rotational position, and causes the rotating electrical machine 10 to function as a motor.

The rotary electric machine 10 is assembled to the internal combustion engine 12. The internal combustion engine 12 includes: a body 13 and a rotary shaft 14 rotatably supported by the body 13 and rotating in conjunction with the internal combustion engine 12. The rotary electric machine 10 is assembled to the body 13 and the rotary shaft 14. The body 13 is a structure such as a crankcase or a transmission of the internal combustion engine 12. The rotary shaft 14 is a crankshaft of the internal combustion engine 12 or a rotary shaft linked with the crankshaft. The rotary shaft 14 rotates as the internal combustion engine 12 operates.

The rotating shaft 14 rotates the rotating electrical machine 10 so that the rotating electrical machine 10 functions as a generator. The rotating shaft 14 is a rotating shaft that can start the internal combustion engine 12 by rotation of the rotating electrical machine 10 when the rotating electrical machine 10 functions as a motor. The rotary shaft 14 is a rotary shaft that can support (assist) the rotation of the internal combustion engine 12 by the rotation of the rotary electric machine 10 when the rotary electric machine 10 functions as a motor.

The rotating electric machine 10 includes: a rotor 21, a stator 31, and a sensor unit 37. The rotor 21 is an excitation element. The stator 31 is an armature. In the following description, the term "axial direction AD" means a direction of a central axis when the stator 31 is regarded as a cylindrical body. The term radial direction RD means a diameter direction in the case where the stator 31 is regarded as a cylindrical body.

The rotor 21 is cup-shaped as a whole. The rotor 21 is positioned with its open end facing the body 13. The rotor 21 is fixed to an end of the rotary shaft 14. The rotor 21 is connected to the rotary shaft 14 via a positioning mechanism such as a key fitting in the rotational direction. The rotor 21 is fixed by being fastened to the rotary shaft 14 by a fixing bolt 25. The rotor 21 is directly connected to the internal combustion engine 12. The rotor 21 rotates together with the rotary shaft 14. The rotor 21 is excited, i.e., rotationally excited, by permanent magnets.

The rotor 21 has a cup-shaped rotor core 22. The rotor core 22 is connected to the rotary shaft 14 of the internal combustion engine 12. The rotor core 22 includes an inner cylinder fixed to the rotating shaft 14, an outer cylinder located radially outward of the inner cylinder, and an annular bottom plate extending between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder. The rotor core 22 provides a yoke for a permanent magnet described later. The rotor core 22 is made of a magnetic metal.

The rotor 21 has a permanent magnet 23 disposed on the inner surface of the rotor core 22. The permanent magnet 23 is fixed to the inside of the outer cylinder. The permanent magnet 23 is fixed in the axial direction AD and the radial direction RD by a holding cup 24 disposed on the radially inner side. The retaining cup 24 is made of a thin non-magnetic metal. The retaining cup 24 is fixed to the rotor core 22.

The permanent magnet 23 has a plurality of segments. Each segment is partially cylindrical. The permanent magnet 23 has a plurality of N poles and a plurality of S poles provided on the inner side thereof. The permanent magnet 23 at least provides excitation. The permanent magnet 23 provides six pairs of N-pole and S-pole, i.e., 12-pole excitation, by 12 segments. The number of poles may be other numbers. Excitation is also referred to as a field pole for power generation or motor. The permanent magnet 23 provides a reference magnetic pole showing a reference position for ignition control. The reference magnetic pole provides a reference position signal for ignition control. The reference magnetic pole is provided by a part of the magnetic poles different from the magnetic pole arrangement for excitation. The reference magnetic pole is also referred to as a special magnetic pole or an irregularly magnetized portion.

The stator 31 and the body 13 are connected via fixing bolts 34. The stator 31 is fixed by being fastened to the body 13 by a plurality of fixing bolts 34. The stator 31 is disposed between the rotor 21 and the body 13. The stator 31 has an outer peripheral surface facing the inner surface of the rotor 21 with a gap therebetween. The stator 31 is fixed to the body 13.

The stator 31 has a stator core 32. The stator core 32 is disposed inside the rotor 21 through the body 13 fixed to the internal combustion engine 12. The stator core 32 has a plurality of teeth. One tooth provides one magnetic pole. The stator core 32 provides an outer salient pole type iron core.

The stator 31 has a stator coil 33 wound on the stator core 32. The stator coil 33 provides an armature winding. An insulator 36 made of electrically insulating resin is disposed between stator core 32 and stator coil 33. The insulator 36 provides a bobbin for the stator coil 33. The stator coil 33 is a multi-phase winding. The stator coil 33 is a three-phase winding. The stator coil 33 can selectively function as a generator or a motor with respect to the rotor 21 and the stator 31.

The sensor unit 37 provides a rotational position detection device for the internal combustion engine. The sensor unit 37 is provided in the rotating electric machine 10 that is interlocked with the internal combustion engine 12. The sensor unit 37 is provided to the stator core 32 of the rotating electric machine 10. The sensor unit 37 is fixed to the stator 31. The sensor unit 37 is fixed to an end face SD1 of the stator core 32. The sensor unit 37 is disposed between the stator core 32 and the body 13. The sensor unit 37 detects the magnetic flux supplied from the permanent magnet 23 provided in the rotor 21, and outputs an electric signal indicating the rotational position of the rotor 21. The sensor unit 37 detects a reference position for ignition control from the position of the reference magnetic pole provided by the permanent magnet 23. The rotational position of the rotor 21 is also the rotational position of the rotary shaft 14. Therefore, by detecting the rotational position of the rotor 21, a reference position signal for ignition control can be obtained. The sensor unit 37 detects a rotational position for controlling as a motor based on the alternation of the field poles provided by the permanent magnets 23.

The sensor unit 37 has a single sensor 38. The single sensor 38 is disposed between the adjacent two magnetic poles 35. The single sensor 38 detects the rotational position of the rotor 21 by detecting the change in the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 23. The single sensor 38 reacts to both the field pole and the reference pole provided by the permanent magnet 23. The single sensor 38 provides both a sensor for motor control and a sensor for ignition control. The single sensor 38 is a hall effect element.

The sensor unit 37 comprises a housing 41 for accommodating the single sensor 38. The shroud 41 provides a sheath that protects the single sensor 38. The cover 41 protrudes from the main body of the sensor unit 37 in a finger shape or a rod shape.

The circuit 11 in this specification includes a control device. The Control device is also sometimes referred to as an Electronic Control Unit (ECU). The control device or the control system is provided with (a) an algorithm in the form of if-then-else as a plurality of logics, or (b) a learning completion model adjusted by machine learning, for example, an algorithm as a neural network.

The control means is provided by a control system comprising at least one computer. The control system may comprise a plurality of computers linked by data communication means. The computer includes at least one processor as hardware (hardware processor). The hardware processor may be provided by (i), (ii) or (iii) below.

(i) The hardware processor may be at least one processor core that executes programs stored in at least one memory. In this case, the computer is provided by at least one memory and at least one processor core. Processor cores are called Central Processing Units (CPUs), Graphics Processing Units (GPUs), Reduced Instruction Set Computing (RISC-CPUs), and so on. The memory is also referred to as a storage medium. The memory is a non-transitory and tangible storage medium that non-transitory holds "programs and/or data" that can be read by the processor. The storage medium is provided by a semiconductor memory, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, or the like. The program may be used in its own right or as a storage medium storing the program.

(ii) The hardware processor may be a hardware logic circuit. In this case, the computer is provided by a digital circuit comprising a plurality of logic cells (gates) programmed. Digital circuits are also called Logic Circuit arrays, such as Application-Specific Integrated circuits (ASICs), Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), System on a Chip (SoC), Programmable Gate Arrays (PGAs), Complex Programmable Logic Devices (CPLDs), and so on. The digital circuitry may include memory that holds programs and/or data. The computer may be provided by an analog circuit. The computer may also be provided by a combination of digital and analog circuitry.

(iii) The hardware processor may be a combination of (i) above and (ii) above. (i) And (ii) on different chips or on a common chip. In these cases, the section (ii) is also referred to as an accelerator.

The control device, the signal source, and the control object provide various elements. At least some of these elements may be referred to as blocks, modules, or segments. Furthermore, the elements included in the control system are referred to as functional units only in the intentional case.

The control section and the method thereof described in the present disclosure may be realized by a dedicated computer provided by configuring a processor programmed to execute one or more functions embodied by a computer program and a memory. Alternatively, the control section and the method thereof described in the present disclosure may be realized by a dedicated computer provided by configuring a processor by one or more dedicated hardware logic circuits. Alternatively, the control unit and the method thereof described in the present disclosure may be implemented by one or more special purpose computers including a processor programmed to execute one or more functions, and a combination of a memory and a processor configured by one or more hardware logic circuits. Further, the computer program may be stored in a non-transitory tangible recording medium readable by a computer as instructions executed by the computer.

In fig. 2, the power line 16 is shown in a perspective state by a broken line to aid understanding. The sensor unit 37 is arranged to extend in the radial direction along the plurality of magnetic poles 35 of the stator 31. The sensor unit 37 has a bush 37a made of rubber or elastomer. The signal line 15 is introduced into the sensor unit 37 through a bushing 37 a. The signal line 15 is connected to the single sensor 38 via circuit components within the sensor unit 37.

The rotating electrical machine 10 has a bracket (blacket) 51 as a holding member for holding the signal line 15 and the power line 16. The bracket 51 is fixed to the stator 31. The bracket 51 is provided by a bent metal plate. The bracket 51 may also be made of resin. The bracket 51 may be provided by a resin molded product, for example. The bracket 51 may hold only the signal line 15 or only the power line 16.

In fig. 3, the sensor unit 37 includes a substrate 42 as a circuit component, an electric element mounted on the substrate 42, an electric wire, and the like. The single sensor 38 is a Through hole Mount Device (TMD) having leads 43. The single sensor 38 is connected to the substrate 42 via a lead 43. The substrate 42 is connected to the signal line 15. The substrate 42 is provided by a printed substrate or a flexible substrate.

In fig. 4, the rotor 21 includes a permanent magnet 23. The permanent magnet 23 includes a plurality of

magnets

23a, 23b, 23 c. The permanent magnet 23 includes three types of magnets having different magnetization patterns on a surface (radially inner surface) facing the stator 31. The permanent magnet 23 includes a plurality of magnets 23a providing a field pole 26 as an S-pole. The magnet 23a is also referred to as a first magnet. The permanent magnet 23 includes a plurality of magnets 23b provided as N-pole excitation poles 26. The magnet 23b is also referred to as a second magnet. The permanent magnet 23 includes a magnet 23 c. The magnet 23c is also referred to as a third magnet. The magnet 23c provides both the excitation magnetic pole 26 and the reference magnetic pole 27 as the S-poles. The reference pole 27 is formed within the range of one excitation pole 26. The reference magnetic pole 27 is island-shaped on the radially inner surface of the magnet 23 c. The entire circumference of the reference pole 27 is surrounded by the excitation pole 26. Thus, the reference pole 27 is formed and present in one excitation pole 26. The reference magnetic pole 27 is located at the center of the radially inner surface of the magnet 23c at least in the circumferential direction. In other words, the polarity of one excitation pole appears on both sides of the reference pole 27 in the circumferential direction. The reference magnetic pole 27 is also located at the center of the radially inner surface of the magnet 23c in the axial direction. The excitation pole 26 and the reference pole 27 are formed on the radially inner surface facing the stator 31.

The

magnets

23a, 23b, and 23c are arranged such that the polarities of the field poles 26 alternate with each other in the circumferential direction of the rotor 21. In the case where the field pole 26 having the opposite polarity to the magnet 23a and the magnet 23b is provided, the magnet 23c provides the field pole 26 and the reference pole 27 as N-poles. The plurality of excitation poles 26 and reference poles 27 are arranged along a track 29.

The single sensor 38 is disposed on the stator 31. A single sensor 38 detects both the field pole 26 and the reference pole 27 and generates a sensor signal. The single sensor 38 is disposed on the rail 29. The rotor 21 is rotationally moved in the rotational direction RT. The stator 31 is stationary. As a result, the plurality of excitation magnetic poles 26 and the one reference magnetic pole 27 sequentially pass above the single sensor 38. The single sensor 38 outputs a sensor signal SG corresponding to the plurality of excitation poles 26 and one reference pole 27.

The sensor signal SG is a pulse wave after waveform shaping. The sensor signal SG alternates between high H and low L. The sensor signal SG alternates in response to the plurality of excitation poles 26. The sensor signal SG defines a basic pulse period T26 corresponding to the plurality of excitation poles 26. The basic pulse period T26 corresponds to 30 (. degree.C.A.). Further, the sensor signal SG alternates in response to the reference magnetic pole 27. The sensor signal SG includes short pulse waveforms of short pulse periods T1, T2, and T3 corresponding to the reference magnetic pole 27 and the excitation magnetic pole 26 before and after the reference magnetic pole 27. The short pulse periods T1, T2, and T3 are set to T1 — T2 — T3. The sensor signal SG includes a plurality of short pulse periods T1, T2, and T3 having equal periods due to the reference magnetic pole 27. The short pulse periods T1, T2, and T3 are shorter than the basic pulse period T26. Therefore, the sensor signal SG includes a plurality of pulses having different periods depending on the reference magnetic pole 27 (T1-T2-T3-T26).

The circuit 11 compares the basic pulse period T26 with the short pulse periods T1, T2, and T3 to detect the arrival of the reference magnetic pole 27. The ratio of the basic pulse period T26 to the short pulse periods T1, T2, and T3 is set so that the reference magnetic pole 27 can be detected even when the rotation speed of the internal combustion engine 12 varies. The ratio is set such that the reference magnetic pole 27 can be detected even during a cranking period for starting the internal combustion engine 12 and a starting period in which the internal combustion engine 12 starts rotating due to its own combustion, for example.

Fig. 5 shows the actions of the rotary electric machine 10 and the internal combustion engine 12 in a system in which the rotary electric machine 10 and the internal combustion engine 12 are directly connected at the crankshaft. The horizontal axis represents crank angle (. degree. C.A). The vertical axis represents torque CLTQ (N · m) required for cranking the internal combustion engine 12. The one-dot chain line indicates a rotational position (rotational angle) of the rotor 21. REF-P and REF-I represent reference positions defined by the rising or falling edge of the reference pole 27. The reference position REF-P, REF-I is set at about 60 (. degree. C.A.) and about 420 (. degree. C.A.). STBY denotes the stop position target range. The stop position target range is also referred to as a standby (stand by) range.

The engine 12 completes a series of strokes in two revolutions (720 (deg.C. A)). The piston repeats a downstroke DN and an upstroke UP. The combustion stroke POW, the exhaust stroke EXT, the intake stroke INT, and the compression stroke COM are defined by the opening/closing timing of the intake/exhaust valves of the internal combustion engine 12. They are slightly advanced with respect to the downstroke DN and upstroke UP.

When the internal combustion engine 12 is rotated in the forward direction, the torque CLTQ fluctuates as indicated by the forward torque FWTQ indicated by the solid line. In the process toward the compression top dead center, the cranking torque CLTQ reaches the maximum value at the positive torque FWTQ. In some cases, the rotating electrical machine 10 stops due to the maximum value at the forward torque FWTQ preventing the forward rotation of the rotating electrical machine 10.

When the internal combustion engine 12 is rotated in the reverse direction, the torque CLTQ varies as indicated by a reverse torque RVTQ indicated by a broken line. In the process toward the compression top dead center by the reverse rotation, the cranking torque CLTQ reaches the maximum value at the reverse torque RVTQ. Sometimes, the reverse rotation of the rotary electric machine 10 is stopped because the maximum value at the reverse torque RVTQ is prevented, and the rotary electric machine 10 is stopped. This is because when the internal combustion engine 12 is rotated in the reverse direction, the piston is raised in the descending stroke DN of the combustion stroke POW. In other words, at the initial stage of the start timing for starting the internal combustion engine 12, the amount of current supplied to the rotary electric machine 10 is controlled to a limited state so that the generated torque does not exceed the maximum value of the cranking torque CLTQ. The restricted state is the same in both the case of the normal rotation and the case of the reverse rotation of the rotary electric machine 10. At the final stage of the start timing, the amount of current supplied to the rotary electric machine 10 is controlled so that the generated torque does not exceed the maximum value of the cranking torque CLTQ. Further, reference position REF-P, REF-I is set such that at least one reference position is observed between the maximum of forward torque FWTQ and the maximum of reverse torque RVTQ. Preferably, reference position REF-P, REF-I is set to be between the maximum of forward torque FWTQ and the maximum of reverse torque RVTQ, both of which are observed. In the present embodiment, the initial stage is provided by the standby position control.

In the present embodiment, when starting the internal combustion engine 12, the internal combustion engine 12 is controlled to rotate to the stop position target range at a time without fail. This control is performed by direct current energization and forced commutation as Open Loop (Open Loop) control. The control is standby position control. During the standby position control, the rotational direction information is acquired. Further, based on the rotation direction information, synchronous commutation control, which is Closed Loop (Closed Loop) control using a single sensor 38, is performed.

As the operation of the rotating electrical machine 10 (the operation of the internal combustion engine 12) in the standby position control, the following four cases are considered.

(1) First initial position ST1+ Forward rotation

When the rotary electric machine 10 is rotated in the forward direction from the initial position ST1, the rotary electric machine 10 is stopped by the forward torque FWTQ. The rotary electric machine 10 reaches the intermediate position ST3 from the initial position ST 1. During this time, the rotational direction information is acquired. Between the initial position ST1 and the intermediate position ST3, the reference position REF-I is not observed. Further, between the initial position ST1 and the intermediate position ST3, a plurality of edges indicating a plurality of excitation poles 26 are observed.

(2) Second initial position ST2+ Forward rotation

When the rotary electric machine 10 is rotated in the forward direction from the initial position ST2, the rotary electric machine 10 is stopped by the forward torque FWTQ. The rotary electric machine 10 reaches the intermediate position ST3 from the initial position ST 2. During this time, the rotational direction information is acquired. Between the initial position ST2 and the intermediate position ST3, the reference position REF-I is observed. Further, between the initial position ST2 and the intermediate position ST3, after the reference position REF-I is observed, a plurality of edges indicating the plurality of excitation poles 26 are observed.

(3) Third initial position ST3+ reverse rotation

When the rotary electric machine 10 rotates reversely from the initial position ST3, the rotary electric machine 10 is stopped by the reverse torque RVTQ. The rotary electric machine 10 reaches the standby position SBP from the initial position ST 3. During this time, the rotational direction information is acquired. Between the initial position ST3 and the standby position SBP, the reference position REF-I is observed. After reference position REF-I is observed, edges representing multiple excitation poles 26 are observed. Further, when the standby position SBP is reached, the reference position REF-P is observed last. However, after the reference position REF-I is finally observed, no edges representing the excitation pole 26 are observed, or only a limited number of edges are observed. The limited number is specified by the interval between the compression top dead center and the reference position, and the number of magnetic poles of the rotor 21. In the present embodiment, the finite number is 2.

(4) Fourth initial position ST4+ reverse rotation

When the rotary electric machine 10 rotates reversely from the initial position ST4, the rotary electric machine 10 is stopped by the reverse torque RVTQ. The rotary electric machine 10 reaches the standby position SBP from the initial position ST 4. During this time, the rotational direction information is acquired. Between the initial position ST4 and the standby position SBP, the reference position REF-P is observed. However, after the reference position REF-I is finally observed, no edges representing the excitation pole 26 are observed, or only a limited number of edges are observed.

When the rotary electric machine 10 reaches the stop position target range by the actions (1) to (4), the rotary electric machine 10 rotates in the forward direction from the standby position SBP to start the internal combustion engine 12. At this time, the rotating electrical machine 10 is driven by synchronous commutation control as closed-loop control using the single sensor 38. The rotary electric machine 10 is capable of starting the internal combustion engine 12 against a forward torque FWTQ.

In fig. 6, an electric circuit 11 provides a control system that controls a rotating electrical machine (M)10 and an internal combustion Engine (ENG) 12. The control system rotates the internal combustion engine 12 in reverse by rotating the electric machine 10. This action is also referred to as a backswing control. The rotary electric machine 10 rotates the internal combustion engine 12 to the stop position target range. The stop position target range is also referred to as a standby position range. The control system reverses the rotation direction of the rotating electric machine 10 to perform forward rotation after the internal combustion engine 12 reaches the stop position target range by the rotating electric machine 10. The control system rotates the rotary electric machine 10 in the forward direction, and starts the internal combustion engine 12 from the stop position target range. In other words, to crank the internal combustion engine 12 with the rotating electric machine 10, the control system utilizes the run-up distance to overpower the high cranking torque at compression top dead center. The circuit 11 includes an ignition control section 61. The ignition control section 61 receives a sensor signal SG from the single sensor 38 via the signal line 15, controls ignition of the internal combustion engine 12, and adjusts the ignition timing. The ignition control unit 61 detects the reference position based on the sensor signal SG, and controls ignition of the internal combustion engine 12. The ignition control section 61 controls the ignition device of the internal combustion engine 12.

The circuit 11 includes a start switch (STSW)62, and the start switch (STSW)62 generates a start instruction of the internal combustion engine 12 by inputting an operation of a user. The start switch 62 is also referred to as a starter switch. The circuit 11 includes a control unit (CNT)63, and the control unit (CNT)63 executes a preset activation sequence in response to an activation command from the activation switch 62. The control unit 63 inputs a sensor signal SG from the single sensor 38 via the signal line 15. The sensor signal SG is input as one of three-phase signals showing the rotational position. The sensor signal SG is input, for example, as a U-phase signal. The circuit 11 includes a signal generation Section (SGG)65, and the signal generation Section (SGG)65 generates signals of the remaining two phases of the three-phase signal based on the sensor signal SG. Two phases from the signal generating section 65 and one phase from the single sensor 38 are also referred to as three-phase estimated signals. The signal generation unit 65 estimates a period based on two rising edges and two falling edges of the sensor signal SG, for example, and generates a V-phase signal and a W-phase signal based on the U-phase signal. The control section 63 controls an inverter circuit (INV) 64. The inverter circuit 64 generates input power for causing the rotating electrical machine 10 to function as a motor. The generated multiphase power is supplied to the stator coil 33 of the rotating electric machine 10 via the power line 16. The start switch 62, the control unit 63, the inverter circuit 64, and the signal generation unit 65 provide a motor control unit that controls energization to the stator coil 33 based on the sensor signal SG, thereby rotating the rotor 21 as a motor.

The control unit 63 includes a standby position control unit (STBC)66, a rotational direction information acquisition unit (RDIC)67, and a synchronous commutation control unit (SYMC)68, and is capable of performing motor control by the single sensor 38.

Upon receiving a start command from the start switch 62, the standby position control unit 66 rotates the rotor 21 so as not to exceed the maximum value of the cranking torque of the internal combustion engine 12. The standby position control portion 66 starts the rotating electric machine 10 as a brushless motor by direct current excitation and forced commutation. Then, the standby position control unit 66 rotates the rotating electrical machine 10 based on the three-phase estimation signal including the sensor signal SG. The standby position control unit 66 performs 120-degree energization. At this time, the standby position control unit 66 provides a restriction unit that restricts the input power so that the rotating electrical machine 10 outputs the restricted torque. The limited generated torque allows the rotary electric machine 10 directly connected to the internal combustion engine 12 to rotate between the top dead center of the first compression and the top dead center of the subsequent compression. However, the limited generated torque prohibits the rotary electric machine 10 from rotating against the first compression top dead center and the subsequent compression top dead center. That is, the limited generated torque allows the rotation of the rotary electric machine 10 only for a part of one cycle including a plurality of strokes of the internal combustion engine 12. The limited generated torque prohibits the rotating electrical machine 10 from rotating across a plurality of cycles.

The rotational direction information acquisition unit 67 acquires an energization pattern for rotating the rotating electrical machine 10 in the forward direction while the rotating electrical machine 10 is rotated by the standby position control unit 66. In the present embodiment, the rotational direction information acquisition unit 67 acquires an energization pattern for rotating the rotating electrical machine 10 in the forward direction based on the operation of the rotating electrical machine 10 by the standby position control unit 66. The operation of the rotary electric machine 10 includes a stop position of the rotor 21 and a rotation direction of the rotor 21, which are defined by the cranking torque CLTQ of the internal combustion engine 12. In other words, the rotational direction information acquisition unit 67 determines the energization pattern for rotating the rotating electrical machine 10 in the forward direction, based on the position at which the rotating electrical machine 10 is stopped by the standby position control unit 66. The rotation direction information acquiring unit 67 determines an energization mode opposite to an energization mode for controlling the rotor 21 to face the stop position target range (standby range) STBY as an energization mode for rotating in the forward direction. The energization mode is a mode in which multiphase power supplied to the stator coil 33 is commutated. The energization mode is also referred to as a commutation sequence.

Synchronous commutation control unit 68 commutates the multiphase power supplied to stator coil 33 by closed-loop control in accordance with sensor signal SG based on the energization pattern determined by rotational direction information acquisition unit 67. Thereby, synchronous commutation control unit 68 rotates rotor 21. Synchronous commutation control unit 68 rotates rotating electric machine 10 as a starter motor based on the three-phase estimation signal. The synchronous commutation control portion 68 controls the input power so that the rotary electric machine 10 rotates against the compression top dead center. Synchronous commutation control unit 68 performs 180-degree energization. In other words, the synchronous commutation control portion 68 executes energization control for starting the internal combustion engine 12.

Fig. 7 shows the U-phase current at 120-degree energization and the U-phase current at 180-degree energization. The 120-degree energization is also referred to as 120-degree rectangular wave energization. The 180-degree energization is also referred to as 180-degree rectangular wave energization. Instead of 180-degree energization, 180-degree sine wave energization or 180-degree pseudo sine wave energization may also be performed.

Fig. 8 shows a control process 170 executed by a processor included in the circuit 11. In step 171, preparation processing is performed. The preparation process includes step 172 and step 173. In step 172, the standby position control process is executed. Step 172 provides the standby position control section 66. In step 173, the rotation direction information acquisition process is executed. In step 173, information indicating the rotation direction of the rotor 21 is acquired based on the operation of the rotating electrical machine 10 in accordance with the standby position control. In step 173, information indicating the rotation direction of the rotor 21 is acquired, for example, based on the comparison between the basic pulse period T26 and the short pulse periods T1, T2, and T3. Step 173 provides the rotation direction information acquiring unit 67. At step 174, an energization pattern for rotating the rotary electric machine 10 in the forward direction from the standby position is represented based on the rotation direction information acquired at step 173. In step 175, 180-degree power-on control is executed. As a result, the rotary electric machine 10 is rotated strongly to start the internal combustion engine 12. In step 176, it is determined whether the starting of the internal combustion engine 12 is completed. In step 176, step 175 is repeated if the internal combustion engine 12 is not started. In step 176, when the start of the internal combustion engine 12 is completed, the process is ended.

Steps

175 and 176 are performed based on the sensor signal SG from the single sensor 38, and steps 175 and 176 provide the synchronous commutation control 68.

Fig. 9 shows details of step 171. In step 171, dc current is applied to the three-phase windings of the stator coil 33. The dc energization is control of dc energization of two-phase windings among three-phase windings for a limited time. By the direct current energization, the rotary electric machine 10 rotates in the forward direction or the reverse direction. This dc energization is repeated until the switching of the excitation pole 26 is detected by the sensor signal SG.

In step 182, a process of generating three-phase estimation signals is performed. Here, the remaining two phases having a predetermined phase difference are generated using the sensor signal SG as one phase. The three-phase estimation signal has a U-phase, a V-phase, and a W-phase. Step 182 provides signal generation section 65. In step 183, a plurality of energization patterns (commutation patterns) are generated based on the three-phase estimation signal. The plurality of energization modes include an energization mode for forward rotation and an energization mode for reverse rotation. In step 184, any one of the generated plurality of energization patterns is selected. Here, when there is an already selected energization mode, the energization mode is switched. In

step

185, 120 degree power on is implemented based on the selected power on mode. In step 186, it is determined whether an edge showing switching of the excitation pole 26 is detected from the sensor signal SG. In the case where the edge is not detected, the rotary electric machine 10 is not rotated. In this case, returning to step 184, the power-on mode is switched. Through the processes of steps 181-186, the rotary electric machine 10 is continuously rotated toward the forward direction or the reverse direction.

In step 187, it is determined whether the rotor 21 is stopped. The 120-degree energization provided by steps 181-186 is also the process of limiting the output torque of the rotary electric machine 10. Step 187 determines whether the rotating electrical machine 10 is stopped due to the forward torque FWTQ or the reverse torque RVTQ. The 120 degree energization of step 185 continues until the rotor 21 stops. In the case where the rotor 21 is stopped, the process proceeds to step 188.

In step 188, it is determined whether the waveform of the reference magnetic pole is detected in the process of steps 181 to 187. If the reference magnetic pole is not detected, it can be determined that the "first initial position ST1+ normal rotation" is the above-described "(1). In this case, the rotary electric machine 10 is considered to be at the third initial position ST 3. In this case, the process returns to step 182. In step 184, the energization mode for rotating the rotary electric machine 10 in the reverse direction is selected. As a result, the rotary electric machine 10 rotates from the third initial position ST3 to the standby position SBP. If the determination in step 188 is YES, the process proceeds to step 189.

In step 189, the number of edges N is compared to a threshold value Pth. The number of edges N is the number of edges N detected again after the last detected reference magnetic pole in the process from step 181 to step 187. The threshold Pth is a preset value set in accordance with the number of the excitation magnetic poles 26 and the position of the reference magnetic pole 27. The position of the reference magnetic pole 27 is set such that an appropriate number of edges are observed after the rotating electrical machine 10 is rotated in the reverse direction. Meanwhile, the position of the reference magnetic pole 27 is set to perform ignition timing control with high accuracy. In the present embodiment, Pth is 2.

If the number of edges N exceeds the threshold Pth (N > Pth), it can be determined that the above "(2) second initial position ST2+ normal rotation" is the case. In this case, the rotary electric machine 10 is considered to be at the third initial position ST 3. In this case, the process returns to step 182. In step 184, the energization mode for rotating the rotary electric machine 10 in the reverse direction is selected. As a result, the rotary electric machine 10 rotates from the third initial position ST3 to the standby position SBP.

When the number of edges N is equal to or less than the threshold Pth (N ═ Pth, N < Pth), it can be determined that the "third initial position ST3+ reverse rotation" or the "fourth initial position ST4+ reverse rotation" is the above-described (3). In this case, it is considered that the rotary electric machine 10 reaches the standby position SBP. In this case, the process proceeds to step 174. Through the processes of steps 174 to 176, the rotary electric machine 10 is driven as a starter motor to generate high torque and start the internal combustion engine 12.

The control means provided by the circuit 11 performs the following processing. First, when a pulse signal (H or L) sufficiently shorter than the other pulses is output from the single sensor 38, the control device determines that a reference position signal, that is, a trigger signal for ignition control (ignition trigger) is generated. The control device, once it has identified the ignition trigger, generates a reignition trigger using the counter. In other words, the position of the ignition trigger, i.e., the position of the reference magnetic pole, may be stored in the counter. After the internal combustion engine 12 is started, the ignition control can be executed based on the position of the ignition trigger stored by the counter or the like. In this case, it is also preferable to periodically confirm the position of the ignition trigger indicated by the reference magnetic pole based on the sensor signal SG. The confirmation method confirms that the time of the pulse wave showing the ignition trigger is shorter than a preset value. In the confirmation method, the change rate with time of the plurality of pulse waves other than the pulse wave indicating the ignition trigger may be compared with the change rate including the change rate with time of the pulse wave indicating the ignition trigger.

A change in the rotational speed of the rotating electrical machine 10 may be identified by the rate of change in time between edges other than the ignition trigger. When the rotational speed increases, as when starting the internal combustion engine 12, the identification of the pulse of the reference magnetic pole that is sufficiently shorter than the other pulses can be performed by: the waveform is a waveform in which the time after the start of rotation is shorter than the time reduction width per 1 pulse accompanying the rising acceleration of the preset rotation speed.

The control of the rotating electrical machine 10 as a motor is performed by performing energization of one phase in which the sensor signal SG from the single sensor 38 is set in advance as a reference waveform, and performing arithmetic processing on the reference waveform by energization of the other phases. For example, in the case of synchronizing the energization of the U-phase with the sensor signal SG, the energization of the other V-phase and W-phase is performed with an electrical angle of 120 degrees shifted for each phase with respect to the sensor signal SG. Further, since the sensor signal SG includes a pulse indicating the reference magnetic pole, if commutation is performed according to the pulse, a problem may occur. The failure includes, for example, a decrease in output torque as a motor and/or an increase in pulsation of the output torque. The control device can determine the pulse indicating the reference magnetic pole, and therefore commutation is preferably prohibited at the position of the reference magnetic pole.

When the rotating electrical machine 10 is stopped at the position where the reference magnetic pole is detected, the phase may be opposite to the phase of the current supplied to the original motor defined by the field magnetic pole 26. Thus, the motor cannot function as a motor. Therefore, when the rotating electrical machine 10 does not rotate even when energized for a predetermined time, that is, when the sensor signal SG does not reverse, the energization can be temporarily stopped and the energization in the reverse phase can be performed.

When a start instruction is input from the start switch 62, the dc energization processing based on the open loop control is executed. The sensor signal of the single sensor 38 when the start command is input from the start switch 62 is observed. The rotating electric machine 10 is energized only for a predetermined extremely short time using a preset energization pattern corresponding to the sensor signal, and after applying a rotational force, the energization is cut off. This process is a dc energization process. The direction of rotation based on open loop control is uncertain. During the rotation of the rotary electric machine 10 and the further rotation of the rotor 21 due to the inertia of the rotor 21, the sensor signal is further observed. When the single sensor 38 reaches the excitation pole 26 or the reference pole 27, a falling edge or a rising edge (H → L or L → H) is generated in the sensor signal. If the signal of the edge is added, the control system recognizes that the rotating electrical machine 10 starts to rotate. The control system commutates to the energization pattern corresponding to the initially observed edge based on the sensor signal SG generated by the single sensor 38. The control system is energized again to apply a rotational force to the rotary electric machine 10. Similarly to the initial energization after the start command, the energization is performed only for a very short time and then the interruption is performed, so that the rotation is maintained by the inertia of the rotor 21 and the next edge is generated. By observing the second edge, the next commutation timing can be found by calculation from the time between the preceding edge and the following edge. Therefore, the step of cutting is finished immediately after the energization, and the transition is made to energization in synchronization with the sensor signal SG. After that, synchronous commutation control is performed.

In addition, the rotating electrical machine 10 is not necessarily limited to the reverse rotation, and therefore, the rotation direction needs to be determined. In the present embodiment, a waveform showing the reference magnetic pole is always observed once in a range of 360 (ca) (condition 1). Further, the cranking torque is large in a predetermined range toward the compression top dead center in the normal rotation and in a predetermined range toward the compression top dead center in the reverse rotation. Therefore, in the dc energization or the 120-degree energization, the internal combustion engine 12 is stopped because the compression top dead center cannot be overcome (condition 2). The predetermined range is, for example, a range of about 120 (ca) before compression top dead center in both the case of forward rotation and the case of reverse rotation. By these two conditions (condition 1 and condition 2), the forward rotation and the reverse rotation can be judged.

For example, in the present embodiment, the reference magnetic pole can be set to 60(° c a) after top dead center. In this case, the following can be considered. The rotary electric machine 10 rotates until it stops due to the cranking torque. In this case, the forward rotation and the reverse rotation are determined based on the number of edges from the observation of the last reference magnetic pole until the rotating electric machine 10 stops. Reverse rotation if the number of edges is below the threshold Pth. A positive rotation if the number of edges exceeds a threshold Pth. When the reference magnetic pole is set to 60 (deg.c a) after top dead center and the rotor 21 is 12 poles, the threshold Pth is 2.

According to the embodiment described above, there is provided a rotary electric machine for an internal combustion engine including a single sensor 38. The single sensor 38 occupies a small area in the stator 31, and contributes to improvement in heat radiation performance of the stator 31. The single sensor 38 also contributes to miniaturization of the signal line 15. The single sensor 38 enables the signal line 15 to be laid out easily. The single sensor 38 facilitates the holding of the signal line 15.

Further, according to the present embodiment, both the ignition timing control and the control performed as the electric motor are provided by the single sensor 38. Further, since the reference magnetic pole 27 is provided in the field magnetic pole 26 while maintaining the width of the field magnetic pole 26, a waveform that is easy to use in control as a motor can be obtained. Since a waveform (edge) showing the width of the excitation magnetic pole 26 can be obtained, control as a motor can be performed at a high degree.

Second embodiment

This embodiment is a modification of the previous embodiment. In the above embodiment, the single sensor 38 is provided by the TMD. Alternatively, the single sensor 38 may be provided by an SMD.

In fig. 10, the sensor unit 37 has a substrate 242 as a circuit component. The substrate 242 includes electric components, electric wires, and the like mounted on the surface or inside thereof. The single sensor 38 is a Surface Mount Device (SMD). The single sensor 38 is mounted on the substrate 242. The substrate 242 is disposed inside the cover 41. According to the present embodiment, the single sensor 38 is reliably held in the cover 41.

Third embodiment

This embodiment is a modification of the previous embodiment. In the above embodiment, the sensor unit 37 extends in the radial direction along the stator 31. Alternatively, the sensor unit 37 may be provided only by the cover 41.

In fig. 11, the sensor unit 337 is provided only by the cover 41. The single sensor 38 is an SMD. According to this embodiment, a small sensor unit 337 is provided.

Fourth embodiment

This embodiment is a modification of the previous embodiment. In the above embodiment, the sensor unit 37 is fixedly connected to the signal line 15. Instead, the sensor unit 37 and the signal line 15 are removably connected by a connector 445.

In fig. 12, the sensor unit 37 and the signal line 15 are connected by a connector 445. The connector 445 is removable. According to the present embodiment, the rotating electric machine 10 in which the sensor unit 37 or the signal line 15 is disposed can be provided easily.

Fifth embodiment

This embodiment is a modification of the previous embodiment. In the above embodiment, the

sensor unit

37, 337 itself is fixed to the stator 31. Instead, the

sensor unit

37, 337 is fixed to the stator 31 by a bracket 51.

In fig. 13, the carriage 51 has a sensor holding portion 552. The sensor holding portion 552 is provided by a projecting piece continuous from the carriage 51. In the case where the bracket 51 is provided by a metal plate, the projecting piece is a metal plate. The tabs may also be provided by sheet metal having reinforcing ribs. In the case where the bracket 51 is made of resin, the projecting pieces are made of resin. The sensor holding portion 552 holds the sensor unit 537. The sensor unit 537 has a cover 41. Shroud 41 holds single sensor 38 between the plurality of poles 35. According to the present embodiment, the bracket 51 holds the signal line 15 and/or the power line 16, and positions the single sensor 38 at a prescribed position. According to this embodiment, a multifunctional bracket 51 is provided. A plurality of functions can be integrated in the bracket 51. Further, the number of parts fixed to the stator 31 is suppressed. Thereby, a wide exposed surface is provided above the stator 31. Further, from another point of view, there is provided a rotating electrical machine 10 that is easy to manufacture.

Sixth embodiment

This embodiment is a modification of the previous embodiment. In the above embodiment, the single sensor 38 is held by the

sensor unit

37, 337, 537. Alternatively, a single sensor 38 may be held to the insulator 36.

In fig. 14, a single sensor 38 is disposed on a flange portion 641 of the bobbin provided on the insulator 36. The flange portion 641 provides a housing that holds the single sensor 38. According to the present embodiment, the single sensor 38 is configured using the insulator 36. Further, the number of parts fixed to the stator 31 is suppressed. Thereby, a wide exposed surface is provided above the stator 31. Further, from another point of view, there is provided a rotating electrical machine 10 that is easy to manufacture.

Seventh embodiment

This embodiment is a modification of the previous embodiment. In the above embodiment, the single sensor 38 is arranged to be opposed to the permanent magnet 23 in the radial direction. Alternatively, the single sensor 38 may also be arranged axially opposite the permanent magnet 23.

In fig. 15, the single sensor 38 is arranged in the axial direction of the permanent magnet 23. The sensor unit 37 includes a housing 741 for holding the single sensor 38. The shield 741 is positioned to project radially from the stator 31. The cover 741 is positioned so that the single sensor 38 is opposed to the axial end face of the permanent magnet 23.

In fig. 16, a plan view seen from the arrow XVI direction of fig. 15 is illustrated. The plurality of

magnets

23a, 23b are magnetized so that excitation

magnetic poles

26a, 26b are present at the axial end faces of the partially cylindrical magnets. The magnet 723c is magnetized so as to present the excitation magnetic pole 26a and the reference magnetic pole 27 at the axial end face of the partially cylindrical magnet. In the present embodiment, the reference magnetic pole 27 is also formed within the range of one excitation magnetic pole 26. In other words, the polarity of one excitation magnetic pole is exhibited on both sides of the reference magnetic pole 27 in the circumferential direction. The excitation pole 26 and the reference pole 27 are formed at the axial end face. Only the plurality of excitation

magnetic poles

26a, 26b are present on the radially inner surfaces of the plurality of

magnets

23a, 23b, 723 c. When the rotor 21 rotates, the plurality of excitation magnetic poles 26 and the reference magnetic pole 27 pass through the single sensor 38 in order. The plurality of excitation poles 26 and reference poles 27 vary the magnetic flux passing through the single sensor 38. As a result, the single sensor 38 outputs the sensor signal SG. According to the present embodiment, since only the plurality of excitation

magnetic poles

26a and 26b are present on the radially inner surfaces of the plurality of

magnets

23a, 23b, and 723c, the areas of the excitation

magnetic poles

26a and 26b are not lost.

Eighth embodiment

This embodiment is a modification of the previous embodiment. In the above embodiment, the reference pole 27 is disposed at the center portion or the end portion of the excitation pole 26. Alternatively, the reference pole 27 may extend in the axial direction at the central portion of the excitation pole 26.

In fig. 17, the magnet 823c has a field pole 26 on the radially inner surface. The magnet 823c has a reference magnetic pole 27 on an inner surface in the radial direction from one axial edge to the other axial edge. In the magnet 823c, the excitation magnetic pole 26 and the reference magnetic pole 27 are striped. The excitation pole 26 is located on both sides in the circumferential direction with respect to the reference pole 27. In the present embodiment, the reference magnetic pole 27 is also formed within the range of one excitation magnetic pole 26. In other words, the polarity of one excitation magnetic pole is exhibited on both sides of the reference magnetic pole 27 in the circumferential direction. In the present embodiment, the sensor signal SG is also obtained by the single sensor 38.

Ninth embodiment

This embodiment is a modification of the previous embodiment. In the above embodiment, the reference magnetic pole 27 is arranged in the central portion in the circumferential direction. Alternatively, the reference magnetic pole 27 may be disposed to be offset to the front or the rear in the circumferential direction.

In fig. 18, the magnet 923c has a field pole 26 on the radially inner surface. The magnet 923c has a reference magnetic pole 27, and the reference magnetic pole 27 is arranged on the radially inner surface so as to be offset rearward in the circumferential direction. The reference magnetic pole 27 is surrounded in all directions by the excitation magnetic poles 26. As a result, the short pulse periods T1, T2, and T3 are observed from the sensor signal SG of the single sensor 38. The short pulse periods T1, T2, and T3 are set to T1> T2> T3. The sensor signal SG includes a plurality of pulses having different periods depending on the reference magnetic pole 27 (T26> T1> T2> T3).

The rotational direction of the rotor 21 is detected by comparing at least two of the short pulse periods T1, T2, and T3. For example, the rotation direction of the rotor 21 is detected by comparing the elapsed time of the short pulse period T1 with the elapsed time of the short pulse period T3. The difference between the short pulse periods T1, T2, and T3 is set according to the amount of fluctuation in the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine 12. The short pulse periods T1, T2, and T3 are set so that differences among the short pulse periods T1, T2, and T3 can be observed even at the rotational acceleration assumed when the internal combustion engine 12 is cranked, for example.

In the present embodiment, the control system of fig. 6 is constructed, and the control process 170 of fig. 8 is executed. In step 173, the rotation direction of the rotor 21 is determined by observing the short pulse periods T1, T2, T3. In step 174, the energization pattern for the forward rotation is determined based on the observation in step 173. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the rotational direction information acquisition unit 67 also acquires the energization pattern for rotating the rotating electrical machine 10 in the forward direction while the rotating electrical machine 10 is rotated by the standby position control unit 66. The rotation direction information acquiring unit 67 determines the energization pattern for the forward rotation based on the rotation direction determined by the two pulse periods (T1, T2, T3, T4, T26) having different periods generated by the reference magnetic pole 27 and the energization pattern at this time. Synchronous commutation control unit 68 commutates the multiphase power supplied to stator coil 33 by closed-loop control in accordance with sensor signal SG based on the energization pattern determined by rotational direction information acquisition unit 67.

In the present embodiment, the sensor signal SG is also obtained by the single sensor 38. Further, the rotation direction information for determining the rotation direction of the rotor 21 may be acquired based on the sensor signal SG.

Tenth embodiment

This embodiment is a modification of the previous embodiment. In the above embodiment, the short pulse periods T1, T2, and T3 are set to T1> T2> T3. Alternatively, the short pulse periods T1, T2, and T3 may be set to T1< T2< T3. The short pulse periods T1, T2, and T3 may be set to T2< T1< T3, or T1< T3< T2.

In fig. 19, the magnet AB23c has a reference magnetic pole 27, and the reference magnetic pole 27 is arranged on the radially inner surface so as to be offset in the circumferential direction toward the front. The short pulse periods T1, T2, and T3 are set to T1< T2< T3. The sensor signal SG includes a plurality of pulses having different periods depending on the reference magnetic pole 27 (T26> T3> T2> T1). In the present embodiment, the same effects as those of the previous embodiment can be obtained.

Eleventh embodiment

This embodiment is a modification of the previous embodiment. In the above embodiment, the reference magnetic pole 27 is disposed in the center portion of the excitation magnetic pole 26. Alternatively, the reference pole 27 may be disposed at the end of the excitation pole 26.

In fig. 20, the magnet B23c has the field pole 26 on the radially inner surface. The magnet B23c has the reference magnetic pole 27 at the axial edge of the radially inner surface. Along the track 29, the poles alternate in polarity with each other by the

excitation poles

26a, 26 b. In addition, the magnets B23c have polarities alternating with each other by the reference magnetic poles 27 indicating the reference positions. In the present embodiment, the reference magnetic pole 27 is also formed within the range of one excitation magnetic pole 26. However, the reference pole 27 is not surrounded by the excitation pole 26. In other words, the polarity of one excitation magnetic pole is exhibited on both sides of the reference magnetic pole 27 in the circumferential direction. In the present embodiment, the sensor signal SG is also obtained by the single sensor 38.

Twelfth embodiment

This embodiment is a modification of the previous embodiment. In the above embodiment, the excitation magnetic poles 26 are provided both forward and backward in the circumferential direction of the reference magnetic pole 27. Alternatively, the excitation pole 26 may be provided only in front of or behind the reference pole 27 in the circumferential direction.

In fig. 21, the magnet C23C has the field pole 26 on the radially inner surface. The magnet C23C has a reference magnetic pole 27, and the reference magnetic pole 27 is arranged at a corner portion located rearward in the circumferential direction on the radially inner surface. Therefore, the magnet C23C has the field pole 26 only in the circumferential front of the reference pole 27. The reference magnetic pole 27 provides the same polarity as the excitation magnetic pole provided by the other adjacent magnet. In the present embodiment, the reference magnetic pole 27 is also formed within the range of one excitation magnetic pole 26. However, the reference pole 27 is not surrounded by the excitation pole 26. In other words, in the circumferential direction, the polarity of one excitation magnetic pole is assumed on one side of the reference magnetic pole 27.

When the excitation pole 26 and the reference pole 27 are observed by the single sensor 38, a sensor signal SG is obtained. The sensor signal SG includes a short pulse period T1 and a long pulse period T4 due to the reference magnetic pole 27. The short pulse period T1 is shorter than the basic pulse period T26. The long pulse period T4 is longer than the basic pulse period T26. Therefore, the rotation direction of the rotor 21 is detected by comparing the short pulse period T1 with the long pulse period T4. Further, since the long pulse period T4 is longer than the basic pulse period T26, it is possible to obtain accuracy that is difficult to obtain by comparing the short pulse period T1 with the basic pulse period T26. The sensor signal SG includes a plurality of pulses having different periods depending on the reference magnetic pole 27 (T4> T26> T1). In the present embodiment, the same effects as those of the previous embodiment can be obtained.

The magnet C23C may have a reference magnetic pole 27, and the reference magnetic pole 27 may be arranged at a radially inner surface of a radially forward corner portion. In this case, the magnet C23C has the excitation magnetic pole 26 only at the rear in the circumferential direction of the reference magnetic pole 27. In this modification, the same effects as those of the previous embodiment can be obtained.

Other embodiments

The disclosure in the specification and the drawings and the like are not limited to the illustrated embodiments. The present disclosure includes the embodiments that have been illustrated, as well as variations thereof that would be apparent to a person skilled in the art upon the basis of the present disclosure. For example, the present disclosure is not limited to the combinations of components and/or elements shown in the embodiments. The present disclosure may be implemented in various combinations. The present disclosure may also include additional parts that may be added to the embodiments. The present disclosure includes embodiments in which components and/or elements of the embodiments are omitted. The present disclosure encompasses permutations and combinations of parts and/or elements between one embodiment and other embodiments. The technical scope of the present disclosure is not limited to the scope described in the embodiments. The technical scope of the present disclosure is defined by the claims, and all changes that come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are to be embraced therein.

The disclosure in the specification, drawings, and the like is not limited to the description of the claims. The disclosure in the specification, the drawings of the specification, and the like includes the technical ideas described in the claims, and further relates to a more diverse and broader technical idea than the technical ideas described in the claims. Therefore, various technical ideas can be extracted from the disclosure contents of the specification, the drawings of the specification, and the like without being limited by the description of the claims.

In the above embodiment, the standby position control is executed after receiving the command from the start switch 62. Alternatively, the standby position control may be executed while the internal combustion engine 12 is stopped. In this case, step 171 is executed during a predetermined period after the stop of the internal combustion engine 12 is instructed. Step 174 is followed by execution when start-up is instructed to the internal combustion engine 12. The rotational direction information for rotating the rotating electrical machine 10 in the forward direction (commutation timing for rotating the rotating electrical machine in the forward direction from the standby position) is stored in the control device and used at step 174 when starting up.

In the above embodiment, the rotor 21 includes one reference magnetic pole 27 to detect one reference position in one rotation (360 degrees) of the rotary electric machine 10. Alternatively, the rotor 21 may include more than two of the plurality of reference poles 27. At least one reference pole 27 is used to show a reference position for ignition control. The remaining other reference magnetic poles 27 are used to acquire information for determining the rotational directions of the rotating electrical machine 10 and the internal combustion engine 12. In this case, too, a plurality of reference magnetic poles 27 are detected by the single sensor 38.

In the above embodiment, the rotary electric machine 10 is controlled as the starter motor by the operation of the start switch 62. Instead, in the case where the internal combustion engine 12 includes a manual starting device such as a kick starter (kick starter), and in the case where the user operates the manual starting device, the internal combustion engine 12 may be controlled as a starter motor to assist the manual starting device. In this case, the start switch 62 also detects the operation of the manual power starting apparatus by the user and outputs a start command. In this case, the rotor 21 may also be said to be directly connected to the internal combustion engine 12 via a manual starting device.

In the above embodiment, the internal combustion engine 12 is a 4-stroke engine. Alternatively, the internal combustion engine 12 may be a two-stroke engine.

Claims

1. A generator-motor for an internal combustion engine, comprising:

a rotor (21) having a plurality of excitation magnetic poles (26) with mutually alternating polarities and a reference magnetic pole (27) showing a reference position;

a stator (31) having a magnetic pole (35) opposed to the excitation magnetic pole and a stator coil (33) of a plurality of phases; and

a single sensor (38) that detects the field pole and the reference pole and generates a sensor signal.

2. The generator-motor for an internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein the rotor is directly connected to an internal combustion engine (12).

3. The generator-motor for an internal combustion engine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the rotor includes a permanent magnet (23) including a plurality of the excitation magnetic poles and the reference magnetic pole;

the reference magnetic pole is formed within a range of one of the excitation magnetic poles.

4. The generator-motor for an internal combustion engine according to claim 3, wherein the polarity of one of the excitation poles is assumed on both sides or one side of the reference pole in the circumferential direction.

5. The generator-motor for an internal combustion engine according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the excitation magnetic pole and the reference magnetic pole are formed on a radially inner face or an axial end face opposed to the stator.

6. The generator motor for an internal combustion engine according to any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein the sensor signal includes a plurality of pulses (T1, T2, T3) having equal periods due to the reference magnetic pole, or includes a plurality of pulses (T1, T2, T3, T4, T26) having different periods due to the reference magnetic pole.

7. The generator-motor for an internal combustion engine according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising a circuit (11) including:

an ignition control unit (61) that detects the reference position based on the sensor Signal (SG) and controls ignition of the internal combustion engine; and

and a motor control unit (62, 63, 64, 65) that controls energization to the stator coil based on the sensor signal, thereby rotating the rotor as a motor.

8. The generator-motor for an internal combustion engine according to claim 7, wherein the motor control section includes:

a start switch (62) that generates a start instruction of the internal combustion engine;

a standby position control unit (66) that rotates the rotor so as not to exceed the maximum value of the cranking torque (FWTQ, RVTQ) of the internal combustion engine when a start command is received from the starter switch;

a rotation direction information acquisition unit (67) that acquires an energization pattern for rotating the rotor in the forward direction while the rotor is rotated by the standby position control unit; and

and a synchronous commutation control unit (68) that commutates the multiphase power supplied to the stator coil by closed-loop control in accordance with the sensor signal based on the energization pattern determined by the rotational direction information acquisition unit.

9. The generator-motor for an internal combustion engine according to claim 8, wherein the rotational direction information acquiring unit,

determining an energization mode opposite to an energization mode in which the rotor is controlled toward a standby range (STBY) as an energization mode for rotating in a forward direction; or

An energization pattern for rotating the forward direction is determined based on a rotation direction determined by two pulse periods (T1, T2, T3, T4, T26) having different periods generated by the reference magnetic pole and an energization pattern at that time.

10. The generator-motor for an internal combustion engine according to claim 8 or 9,

the stator coil is a three-phase coil,

the standby position control part rotates the rotor by electrifying 120 degrees,

the synchronous commutation control unit rotates the rotor by 180-degree energization.