JP7160343B2 - composting equipment - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a composting apparatus for composting an object to be treated.

Conventionally, for example, a composting apparatus (organic waste fermentation treatment apparatus) described in Patent Document 1 below is known.

This conventional composting apparatus includes a floor having two grooves and air supply means (air supply means) for supplying air to the material to be treated (organic waste) on the floor. Also, the air supply means has a perforated pipe positioned in the groove of the floor and a blower for supplying air to the perforated pipe.

JP-A-2002-96046

However, in the above-described conventional composting apparatus, the amount of air supplied from the holes of the portion located on the downstream side (opposite side to the blower side) of the perforated pipes having the same diameter from the upstream end to the downstream end is , due to the effect of pressure loss, the amount of air supplied from the holes located on the upstream side (blower side) is smaller than may be insufficient.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a composting apparatus capable of uniformly supplying air to an object to be treated.

A composting apparatus according to claim 1 is a composting apparatus for composting an object to be treated, comprising a floor having a plurality of grooves and air for supplying air to the object to be treated on the floor. supply means, wherein the air supply means includes a perforated tubular body positioned in the groove and a blower for supplying air to the perforated tubular body, the perforated tubular body being positioned above the floor body At least one of the pipe diameter, the distance between the holes, and the size of the hole openings is changed so that the air is uniformly supplied to the object to be processed.

A composting apparatus according to claim 2 is a composting apparatus for composting an object to be treated, comprising a floor body having a plurality of grooves and air for supplying air to the object to be treated on the floor body. supply means, wherein the air supply means includes a perforated tubular body positioned in the groove and an air blower for supplying air to the perforated tubular body; the perforated tubular body includes a plurality of first It has a first perforated pipe having holes, and a second perforated pipe connected to the downstream end side of the first perforated pipe, having a plurality of second holes, and being thinner than the first perforated pipe.

The composting apparatus according to claim 3 is the composting apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the distance between the second holes adjacent to each other in the axial direction of the second perforated pipe is such that the second holes are adjacent to each other in the axial direction of the first perforated pipe. It is shorter than the distance between the first holes.

The composting apparatus according to claim 4 is the composting apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the opening size of the second holes of the second perforated tubes is larger than the opening size of the first holes of the first perforated tubes. .

The composting apparatus according to claim 5 is the composting apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the distance between the second holes adjacent to each other in the axial direction of the second perforated pipe is such that the second holes are adjacent to each other in the axial direction of the first perforated pipe. The opening size of the second holes of the second perforated pipe is shorter than the distance between the first holes, and the opening size of the first holes of the first perforated pipe is larger.

The composting apparatus according to claim 6 is the composting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising movable stirring means for stirring the material to be treated on the floor.

ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, air can be uniformly supplied with respect to to-be-processed object.

1 is a plan view of a main part of a composting apparatus according to a first embodiment of the invention; FIG. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 1; FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG. 1; Fig. 4 is a bottom view of a perforated tubular body of the air supply means of the same composting apparatus; It is a sectional view of a perforated pipe same as the above. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a perforated tubular body in a composting apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention; It is a bottom view of a perforated tubular body in the composting apparatus according to the third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 11 is a schematic plan view of a main part of a composting apparatus according to a fourth embodiment of the invention; It is a schematic plan view of the main part of the composting apparatus according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the example which provided the drainage pipe in the front side.

A first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5. FIG. Note that the directions of the arrows shown in FIG. 1 are described as the front-rear direction and the left-right direction.

Reference numeral 1 in the figure denotes a composting apparatus, and this composting apparatus 1 is an apparatus (equipment) for composting a material to be treated W by aerobic fermentation using aerobic microorganisms. In other words, the composting apparatus 1 is an organic waste fermentation treatment apparatus for obtaining compost (treated material) by composting the material to be treated W, which is organic waste containing organic matter. The material to be processed W is, for example, cattle dung to which sawdust or the like is added.

The composting apparatus 1 includes a rectangular plate-shaped floor body 2 elongated in the left-right direction, a left wall body 3 and a right wall body 4 erected at both ends of the floor body 2 in the longitudinal direction, and a wall behind the floor body 2 . It has a rear wall body 5 erected at the end. The floor body 2, the left wall body 3, the right wall body 4 and the rear wall body 5 constitute a front-opening concrete fermentation tank 6 in which the composting treatment of the material to be treated W is performed. . The upper part of the fermentation tank 6 is covered with a roof (not shown).

Front pillars 7 for supporting the front end of the roof are erected at a plurality of predetermined locations on the front end of the floor body 2 at equal intervals in the left-right direction. An opening (front opening) 9 opening forward is formed between the two front columns 7 adjacent to each other. Through this opening 9, the object W to be treated is put into the fermentation tank 6 and the treated compost is taken out from the fermentation tank 6. As shown in FIG.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the floor body 2 of the fermentation tank 6 has a plurality of zones arranged in the left-right direction with respect to the front column body 7, that is, six zones of the same size ("zone 1"). ~ "Zone 6").

The floor body 2 has a plurality of grooves 11 that are elongated in the front-rear direction and open upward. It communicates with one common groove portion 12 that is elongated in the left-right direction. A plurality of elongated grooves 11 are arranged side by side in the left-right direction over the entire floor body 2 at intervals.

As shown by the arrows in FIGS. 1 and 3, the water from the object to be treated W flows through the grooves 11, then flows through the drain pipe 10 below the common groove 12, and flows into the drain pit 13. It's like That is, the inner bottom surface (groove bottom surface) 11a of each groove portion 11 is slightly inclined at a predetermined inclination angle (water gradient) with respect to the horizontal direction so that the downstream side (the rear side, which is the rear wall body 5 side) is lower. is doing. In addition, a hole 15 is formed in the inner bottom surface (groove bottom surface) 12a of the common groove portion 12, and the water flowing from each groove portion 11 flows into the drain pipe 10 through the hole portion 15, and then drains. Flow into box 13. Although not shown, a hole for allowing water to flow into the drain pipe 10 is formed in a portion of the upper portion of the drain pipe 10 corresponding to the hole 15 .

In addition, the inner bottom surface 11a of each groove 11 is not limited to a configuration slightly inclined at a predetermined inclination angle (backward water gradient) with respect to the horizontal direction so that the rear side, which is the downstream side, is lower. It may be slightly inclined with a predetermined inclination angle (forward water gradient) with respect to the horizontal direction so that the front side, which is the downstream side, is lower. In this case, for example, a drainage pipe 10 and a drainage basin 13 are provided on the front side (see FIG. 10).

The composting apparatus 1 also includes a plurality of (for example, six) air supply means 21 having the same configuration for supplying air to the material W to be treated that has been put into the fermentation tank 6 and deposited on the floor body 2 . . That is, in this composting apparatus 1, one air supply means 21 is provided for each of the six zones.

Furthermore, the composting apparatus 1 is provided with a stirring means 22 movable in the front-rear direction and the left-right direction for stirring the material to be treated W put into the fermentation tank 6 and deposited on the floor body 2 . The stirring means 22 is of a screw type having a stirring rotating body 23 for stirring the object W while rotating in a predetermined direction. In addition, the stirring means 22 is not limited to a screw type, and may be, for example, a conveyor type or the like, and its configuration is arbitrary.

Each air supply means 21 is arranged in the groove 11 of the floor 2, and includes a plurality of porous pipes 26 for supplying air to the object W to be processed, and supplying air to the plurality of porous pipes 26. and a connection pipe 28 for connecting the perforated pipe 26 and the blower 27 . The blower 27 is provided on the rear side of the rear wall 5 of the fermentation tank 6 so as to take in air outside the fermentation tank 6 (outside air in the atmosphere).

Here, a specific configuration of the perforated tubular body 26 will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5. FIG.

As shown in FIG. 4, the perforated pipe body 26 includes a first perforated pipe (for example, a VP pipe 100) 31 having a plurality of first holes 31a and a pipe at the downstream end of the first perforated pipe 31. A second perforated pipe (for example, a VP pipe 75) 32 which is connected via a joint (for example, a VP socket 100×75) 34, has a plurality of second holes 32a, and has a diameter smaller than that of the first perforated pipe 31 (for example, a VP pipe 75). , is connected to the downstream end of the second perforated pipe 32 via a pipe joint (for example, a VP socket 75×50) 35, has a plurality of third holes 33a, and has a diameter smaller than that of the second perforated pipe 32. and a third perforated pipe (eg VP pipe 50) 33.

A cap 36 that is a closing member for closing the opening of the third perforated pipe 33 on the downstream end side is attached to the downstream end of the third perforated pipe 33 . The lower end of the cap 36 contacts the inner bottom surface 11a of the groove 11 of the floor 2. As shown in FIG. A gap 40 of a predetermined size exists between the porous tubular body 26 elongated in the front-rear direction and the inner bottom surface 11a of the groove portion 11 (see FIG. 3). In addition, the perforated pipe body 26 having the three perforated pipes 31, 32, 33 is slightly slanted with a predetermined angle with respect to the horizontal direction.

As described above, in each perforated tube 26, the second perforated tube 32 is thinner than the first perforated tube 31, and the third perforated tube 33 is thinner than the second perforated tube 32. These three perforated pipes (blower pipes) 31, 32 and 33 with different pipe diameters are all cylindrical pipes with the same wall thickness.

The distance (P2 in FIG. 4) between the two axially adjacent second holes 32a of the second perforated pipe 32 is the distance between the axially adjacent first holes 31a of the first perforated pipe 31. The distance (P3 in FIG. 4) between both third holes 33a adjacent to each other in the axial direction of the third perforated pipe 33, which is shorter than the distance (P1 in FIG. 4), is the axis of the second perforated pipe 32. It is shorter (P1>P2>P3) than the distance (P2 in the figure) between both second holes 32a adjacent to each other in the direction. In addition, the inter-hole distances (P1, P2, P3), which are pitches, may be constant as shown in the drawings in each of the perforated tubes 31, 32, 33, or may decrease and change toward the downstream side.

In the example shown in FIG. 4, the opening dimensions (opening diameters) of the holes 31a, 32a, and 33a, which are circular air supply holes for injecting air toward the object W to be processed, are all the same. . Therefore, the perforated pipe body 26 shown in FIG. 4 has a pipe thickness and a gap between holes depending on the position in the axial direction so that the air is uniformly supplied to the object W to be processed on the floor body 2 . At least one of the distance and the hole opening size, ie, two of the tube thickness and the hole-to-hole distance, for example, are changed stepwise.

As is clear from FIG. 5, the holes 31a, 32a, and 33a forming two rows in each of the perforated tubes 31, 32, and 33 are formed in right and left pairs below the perforated tubes 31, 32, and 33. ing. An angle α between a vertical line a passing through the center O of the perforated pipes 31, 32, 33 and an inclined line b passing through the center O and the holes 31a, 32a, 33a is, for example, 45°.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 4, the connecting pipe 28 has a connecting pipe (for example, a VP pipe 200 that is thicker than the first perforated pipe) 41 located in the common groove 12 of the floor 2, and this The connecting pipe 41 is connected to the upstream end of the first perforated pipe 31 via a pipe joint (eg VP cheese 200×100) 42 .

The connecting pipe body 28 also has a vertical pipe (eg VP pipe 200) 45 located outside the fermentation tank 6, and the downstream end of this vertical pipe 45 is connected to a pipe joint (eg VP elbow 200) 46, a horizontal pipe It is connected to the connecting pipe 41 via a (eg VP pipe 200) 47 and a pipe joint (eg VP cheese 200) 48 . The upstream end of vertical pipe 45 is connected to blower 27 via connection hose 49 . A control means (not shown) for controlling the blower 27 is electrically connected to the blower 27 .

Next, the operation and the like of the composting apparatus 1 will be described.

The material to be treated W put into the fermentation tank 6 of the composting apparatus 1 and deposited on the floor body 2 is composted by air supply by the air supply means 21 and agitation by the agitation means 22. It becomes a powdery compost of moisture. This low-moisture (for example, about 30% moisture) powdery compost is taken out from the fermentation tank 6 and effectively used.

According to this composting apparatus 1, each porous tubular body 26 of the air supply means 21 is arranged in the axial direction (longitudinal direction) so that the air is uniformly supplied to the object W on the floor 2. ), at least one of the tube thickness, the distance between the holes, and the hole opening size, that is, the two of the tube thickness and the distance between the holes, for example, change, so the floor body of the fermentation tank 6 Air can be uniformly and sufficiently supplied to the object W deposited on the surface 2, so that the object W can be efficiently composted.

That is, there is no variation in the amount of air supplied between the upstream end side (the base end side, which is the blower side) and the downstream end side (the tip side, which is the side opposite to the blower side) of the perforated tubular body 26, and is constant throughout. As a result, the appropriate fermentation conditions are maintained over the entire object W to be treated, and the aerobic microorganisms in the object W to be treated actively grow and repeat their activities. can be

In addition, since the air supply holes 31a, 32a, 33a of the perforated tube body 26 are formed in the lower portions of the perforated tubes 31, 32, 33, the workpiece W clogs the holes 31a, 32a, 33a. can be prevented, and air can be appropriately supplied into the workpiece W through the holes 31a, 32a, and 33a.

Furthermore, since the gap 40 exists between the porous tubular body 26 inclined with respect to the horizontal direction and the horizontal inner bottom surface 11a of the groove portion 11, the air ejected from the holes 31a, 32a, and 33a A certain amount of air can be appropriately supplied into the object W to be processed because the air flows upward in the groove 11 through the .

In the first embodiment, the holes 31a, 32a, 33a are formed in the lower portions of the perforated pipes 31, 32, 33. However, as in the second embodiment shown in FIG. , holes 31a, 32a, and 33a may be formed in the upper portions of perforated tubes 31, 32, and 33, respectively. Further, although not shown, for example, a structure in which holes are formed in both the upper portion and the lower portion of the perforated pipe may be used.

For example, as in the third embodiment shown in FIG. 7, the perforated tubular body 26 is arranged according to the position in the axial direction so that the air is uniformly supplied to the object W to be processed on the floor 2. Alternatively, all three of the pipe thickness, the distance between the holes, and the hole opening size may be gradually changed.

In the example shown in FIG. 7, the pipe thickness (pipe diameter) of the perforated pipe body 26 changes from the upstream side to the downstream side, and the distance between the holes (pitch) of the perforated pipe body 26 changes from the upstream side to the downstream side. The pore opening size (pore diameter) of the perforated tubular body 26 changes greatly from the upstream side to the downstream side. The change in pipe thickness, the distance between holes, and the change in hole opening size may be stepwise or continuous.

Also, although not shown, for example, there is a configuration in which only the pipe diameter decreases toward the downstream side, a configuration in which only the hole-to-hole distance decreases toward the downstream side, and only the hole opening size changes greatly toward the downstream side. A configuration in which the distance between the holes is constant and two of the pipe diameter and the hole opening size are changed, a configuration in which the pipe diameter is constant and two of the hole distance and the hole opening size are changed may be used.

Further, for example, as in the fourth embodiment shown in FIG. 8, one air supply means 21 may be provided for each two adjacent zones. A supply means 21 is provided.

Further, for example, as in the fifth embodiment shown in FIG. 9, the fermenter 6 is composed of a floor body 2, a front wall 8 and a rear wall 5. A structure in which the processed material W is put into the fermenter 6 and the compost after treatment is taken out from the fermenter 6 through the opening 9b at the right end of the fermenter 6 may be employed.

In each of the above-described embodiments, the plurality of mutually parallel, straight perforated tubular bodies are configured to extend in the front-rear direction and positioned in the grooves elongated in the front-rear direction. A plurality of laterally elongated grooves may be formed in the floor, and the perforated tubular body may be positioned in each of the grooves.

Also, the number of pipes in each perforated tubular body is not limited to three, and may be, for example, two or four or more.

Furthermore, the object to be composted (compost raw material) W is not limited to cow dung, but may be, for example, pig dung, chicken dung, etc., or kitchen waste from households.

Although several embodiments of the present invention and modifications thereof have been described, it is also possible to appropriately combine the above embodiments and modifications without departing from the gist of the present invention.

1 composting device 2 floor body
11 groove
21 Air supply means
22 Stirring means
26 perforated tube
27 Blower
31 First perforated pipe
31a 1st hole
32 Second perforated pipe
32a Second hole W Object to be processed

Claims (5)

A composting device for composting an object to be treated,
a floor body having a plurality of grooves;
an air supply means for supplying air to the object to be processed on the floor,
The air supply means is
a perforated tubular body located in the groove;
and a blower for supplying air to the perforated tubular body,
The porous tubular body is
a first perforated pipe having a plurality of first holes;
and a second perforated pipe connected to the downstream end side of the first perforated pipe, having a plurality of second holes, and being narrower than the first perforated pipe. The compost according to claim 1 , wherein the distance between the axially adjacent second holes of the second perforated pipe is shorter than the distance between the axially adjacent first holes of the first perforated pipe. conversion device. The composting apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the opening size of the second holes of the second perforated pipe is larger than the opening size of the first holes of the first perforated pipe. The distance between the axially adjacent second holes of the second perforated pipe is shorter than the distance between the axially adjacent first holes of the first perforated pipe, and 2. The composting apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the opening size of the two holes is larger than the opening size of the first hole of the first perforated tube. The composting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , further comprising movable stirring means for stirring the material to be treated on the floor.

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